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Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Biological properties Concentrations Links References enzymes (6) Show 6 proteins XML

Record Information

Version

5.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC

Update Date

2023-02-21 17:14:31 UTC

HMDB ID

HMDB0000118

Secondary Accession Numbers

HMDB0004285
HMDB00118
HMDB04285

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

Homovanillic acid

Description

Homovanillic acid (HVA), also known as homovanillate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methoxyphenols. Methoxyphenols are compounds containing a methoxy group attached to the benzene ring of a phenol moiety. HVA is also classified as a catechol. HVA is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase on dopamine. HVA is typically elevated in patients with catecholamine-secreting tumors (such as neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and other neural crest tumors). HVA levels are also used in monitoring patients who have been treated for these kinds tumors. HVA levels may also be altered in disorders of catecholamine metabolism such as monoamine oxidase-A (MOA) deficiency. MOA deficiency can cause decreased urinary HVA values, while a deficiency of dopamine beta-hydrolase (the enzyme that converts dopamine to norepinephrine) can cause elevated urinary HVA values. Within humans, HVA participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, HVA and pyrocatechol can be biosynthesized from 3,4-dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid and guaiacol. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme known as catechol O-methyltransferase. In addition, HVA can be biosynthesized from homovanillin through the action of the enzyme known aldehyde dehydrogenase. HVA has recently been found in a number of beers and appears to arise from the fermentation process (https://doi.org/10.1006/fstl.1999.0593). HVA is also a metabolite of Bifidobacterium (PMID: 24958563 ) and the bacterial breakdown of dietary flavonoids. Dietary flavonols commonly found in tomatoes, onions, and tea, can lead to significantly elevated levels of urinary HVA (PMID: 20933512 ). Likewise, the microbial digestion of hydroxytyrosol (found in olive oil) can also lead to elevated levels of HVA in humans (PMID: 11929304 ).

Structure

MOL 3D MOL SDF 3D SDF PDB 3D PDB SMILES InChI


  Mrv1652310021912052D          

 13 13  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
    1.4289    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4289    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    0.0000    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145   -0.4125    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    1.2374    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0000    0.8250    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6411   -0.5192    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7145    2.0623    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.1434    1.2374    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0001    2.4749    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.0525   -0.7427    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4113   -0.2235    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.5403    0.5913    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  2  1  2  0  0  0  0
  4  1  1  0  0  0  0
  4  3  2  0  0  0  0
  5  2  1  0  0  0  0
  6  3  1  0  0  0  0
  6  5  2  0  0  0  0
  3  7  1  0  0  0  0
  5  8  1  0  0  0  0
  2  9  1  0  0  0  0
  8 10  1  0  0  0  0
  7 12  1  0  0  0  0
 11 12  1  0  0  0  0
 12 13  2  0  0  0  0
M  STY  1   1 SUP
M  SAL   1  3  11  12  13
M  SBL   1  1  11
M  SMT   1 COOH
M  SAP   1  1  12   7  1
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0000118

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
COC1=CC(CC(O)=O)=CC=C1O

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C9H10O4/c1-13-8-4-6(5-9(11)12)2-3-7(8)10/h2-4,10H,5H2,1H3,(H,11,12)

> <INCHI_KEY>
QRMZSPFSDQBLIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

> <FORMULA>
C9H10O4

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
182.1733

> <EXACT_MASS>
182.057908808

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
4

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
23

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
17.738134603087865

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
1

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
1.02

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
1.1497575179999997

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-1.83

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
1

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA>
9.948757939292548

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
3.7448569898637887

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-4.892538176084046

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
66.76

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
45.8097

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
3

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
2.72e+00 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
homovanillic acid

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 02-OCT-19   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   02-OCT-19         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0       2.667   0.000   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0       2.667   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0       0.000   0.000   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0       1.334  -0.770   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0       1.334   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0       0.000   1.540   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0      -1.197  -0.969   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  O   UNK     0       1.334   3.850   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0       4.001   2.310   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0       0.000   4.620   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   11  O   COOH     1      -3.831  -1.386   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   12  C   COOH     1      -2.634  -0.417   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   13  O   COOH     1      -2.875   1.104   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    2    4                                                       
CONECT    2    1    5    9                                                  
CONECT    3    4    6    7                                                  
CONECT    4    1    3                                                       
CONECT    5    2    6    8                                                  
CONECT    6    3    5                                                       
CONECT    7    3   12                                                       
CONECT    8    5   10                                                       
CONECT    9    2                                                            
CONECT   10    8                                                            
CONECT   11   12                                                            
CONECT   12   11   13    7                                                  
CONECT   13   12                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   13    0   26    0
END

View in JSmol View NMR Assignments View Stereo Labels

Synonyms

Value	Source
(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid	ChEBI
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetate	ChEBI
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid	ChEBI
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzeneacetic acid	ChEBI
HVA	ChEBI
Vanillacetic acid	ChEBI
(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetate	Generator
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzeneacetate	Generator
Vanillacetate	Generator
Homovanillate	Generator
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid	HMDB
4-Hydroxy 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB
Homovanilate	HMDB
Homovanilic acid	HMDB
Homovanillinic acid	HMDB
Vanilacetate	HMDB
Vanilacetic acid	HMDB
3 Methoxy 4 hydroxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB
Acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic	HMDB
Acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic	HMDB
4 Hydroxy 3 methoxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB
Acid, homovanillic	HMDB
3'-Methoxy-4'-hydroxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB
3’-methoxy-4’-hydroxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB
4'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxy-phenylacetic acid	HMDB
2-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid	HMDB
4'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenylacetic acid	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₉H₁₀O₄

Average Molecular Weight

182.1733

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

182.057908808

IUPAC Name

2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid

Traditional Name

homovanillic acid

CAS Registry Number

306-08-1

SMILES

COC1=CC(CC(O)=O)=CC=C1O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C9H10O4/c1-13-8-4-6(5-9(11)12)2-3-7(8)10/h2-4,10H,5H2,1H3,(H,11,12)

InChI Key

QRMZSPFSDQBLIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methoxyphenols. Methoxyphenols are compounds containing a methoxy group attached to the benzene ring of a phenol moiety.

Kingdom

Super Class

Class

Sub Class

Direct Parent

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Methoxyphenol
Phenoxy compound
Anisole
Methoxybenzene
Phenol ether
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
Alkyl aryl ether
Monocyclic benzene moiety
Carboxylic acid derivative
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Ether
Carboxylic acid
Organic oxygen compound
Organooxygen compound
Carbonyl group
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organic oxide
Aromatic homomonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

monocarboxylic acid (CHEBI:545959 )
phenols (CHEBI:545959 )
monomethoxybenzene (CHEBI:545959 )

Ontology

Physiological effect

Health effect

Nervous system disorder

Endocrine system disorder

Thyroidal or parathyroidal disorder

Thyroid dysfunction (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Pituitary, hypothalamus, or pineal disorder

Growth hormone deficiency (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Genetic disorder

Inborn errors of metabolism

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Digestive system disorder

Hepatobiliary disorder

Hepatic disorder

Liver damage (PMID: 31434538)

Disposition

Biological location

Cellular substructure

Cytoplasm (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Extracellular (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Cell

Fibroblasts (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Fibroblast

Fibroblast (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Central Nervous System (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Striatum (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Caudate Nucleus (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Organ

Non-excretory biofluid

Biofluid or Excreta

Blood (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Saliva (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Cerebrospinal fluid (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (PMID: 15652629)

Excreta

Biofluid or Excreta

Feces (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Urine (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Route of exposure

Enteral

Ingestion (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Source

Endogenous

Endogenous (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Plant

Plant (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Microbe

Bifidobacterium (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Exogenous

Food

Food (HMDB: HMDB0000118)
Legumes (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Animal origin

Poultry

Greylag goose (FooDB: FOOD00368)
Guinea hen (FooDB: FOOD00373)
Ostrich (FooDB: FOOD00422)
Velvet duck (FooDB: FOOD00427)
Pheasant (FooDB: FOOD00430)
Squab (FooDB: FOOD00481)
Turkey (FooDB: FOOD00494)
Quail (FooDB: FOOD00541)
Anatidae (FooDB: FOOD00576)
Rock ptarmigan (FooDB: FOOD00597)
Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) (FooDB: FOOD00610)
Chicken (FooDB: FOOD00329)
Mallard duck (FooDB: FOOD00353)
Emu (FooDB: FOOD00360)

Equine

Horse (FooDB: FOOD00378)

Lagomorph

Ovis

Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) (FooDB: FOOD00473)

Bovine

Venison

Deer (FooDB: FOOD00524)
Mule deer (FooDB: FOOD00348)
Elk (FooDB: FOOD00359)

Caprae

Domestic goat (FooDB: FOOD00529)

Swine

Domestic pig (FooDB: FOOD00536)
Wild boar (FooDB: FOOD00307)

Beverage

Fermented beverage

Beer (FooDB: FOOD00268)

Alcoholic beverage

Red wine (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Vegetable

Fruit vegetable

Avocado (FooDB: FOOD00130)
Olive (FooDB: FOOD00121)

Vegetables (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Cocoa and cocoa product

Cocoa and cocoa products (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Coffee and coffee product

Coffee product

Coffee products (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Tea

Tea products (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Fat and oil

Olive oil (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Fruit

Fruits (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Cereal and cereal product

Cereal product

Whole grain cereal products (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Nut

Nuts (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Milk and milk product

Unfermented milk

Milk (Cow) (FooDB: FOOD00618)

Process

Naturally occurring process

Biological process

Biochemical pathway

Metabolic pathway

Tyrosine Metabolism (PathBank: SMP0000006)
Tyrosine Metabolism (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Disease pathway

Alkaptonuria (PathBank: SMP0000169)
Hawkinsinuria (PathBank: SMP0000190)
Tyrosinemia Type I (PathBank: SMP0000218)
Tyrosinemia, Transient, of the Newborn (PathBank: SMP0000494)
Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase Deficiency (PathBank: SMP0000498)
Monoamine Oxidase-A Deficiency (MAO-A) (PathBank: SMP0000533)

Drug action pathway

Disulfiram Action Pathway (PathBank: SMP0000429)
Disulfiram Action Pathway (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Role

Biological role

Waste product (PMID: 35448883)
Human metabolite (HMDB: HMDB0000118)

Industrial application

Pharmaceutical industry

Biomarker

Hypothyroidism (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Eosinophilic esophagitis (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Schizophrenia (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Celiac disease (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Brunner Syndrome (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Parkinson's disease (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Urocanase Deficiency (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)
Friedreich's ataxia (MarkerDB: MDB00013418)

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Molecular Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	138 - 140 °C	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	17 mg/mL	Not Available
LogP	0.33	LAHANN,TR ET AL. (1989)

Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct Type	Data Source	CCS Value (Å²)	Reference
[M-H]-	Baker	140.753	30932474
[M-H]-	MetCCS_train_neg	134.146	30932474
[M-H]-	Not Available	137.0	http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000285

Predicted Molecular Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	2.72 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	1.02	ALOGPS
logP	1.15	ChemAxon
logS	-1.8	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	3.74	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-4.9	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	66.76 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	3	ChemAxon
Refractivity	45.81 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	17.74 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

Predictor	Adduct Type	CCS Value (Å²)	Reference
DarkChem	[M+H]+	142.433	31661259
DarkChem	[M-H]-	141.334	31661259
AllCCS	[M+H]+	139.242	32859911
AllCCS	[M-H]-	137.07	32859911
DeepCCS	[M+H]+	140.34	30932474
DeepCCS	[M-H]-	136.513	30932474
DeepCCS	[M-2H]-	174.179	30932474
DeepCCS	[M+Na]+	149.718	30932474
AllCCS	[M+H]+	139.2	32859911
AllCCS	[M+H-H2O]+	135.0	32859911
AllCCS	[M+NH4]+	143.2	32859911
AllCCS	[M+Na]+	144.4	32859911
AllCCS	[M-H]-	137.1	32859911
AllCCS	[M+Na-2H]-	137.9	32859911
AllCCS	[M+HCOO]-	138.9	32859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

Metabolite	SMILES	Kovats RI Value	Column Type	Reference
Homovanillic acid	COC1=C(O)C=CC(CC(O)=O)=C1	3082.7	Standard polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid	COC1=C(O)C=CC(CC(O)=O)=C1	1651.0	Standard non polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid	COC1=C(O)C=CC(CC(O)=O)=C1	1665.4	Semi standard non polar	33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / Structure	SMILES	Kovats RI Value	Column Type	Reference
Homovanillic acid,1TMS,isomer #1	COC1=CC(CC(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C	1792.6	Semi standard non polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid,1TMS,isomer #2	COC1=CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O	1726.9	Semi standard non polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid,2TMS,isomer #1	COC1=CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C	1790.0	Semi standard non polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1	COC1=CC(CC(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C	2037.9	Semi standard non polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2	COC1=CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O	1969.5	Semi standard non polar	33892256
Homovanillic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1	COC1=CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C	2256.1	Semi standard non polar	33892256

Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	Source	View
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)	splash10-056r-1962000000-4f8e427392aa8e136095	2014-06-16	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (2 TMS)	splash10-056r-2972000000-f53a7b3ac40c099e3c99	2014-06-16	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0006-9800000000-def178a40b9d8cc16724	2017-09-12	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-06vi-0596000000-729a4b24107b98261cb2	2017-09-12	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-056r-1962000000-4f8e427392aa8e136095	2017-09-12	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-056r-2972000000-f53a7b3ac40c099e3c99	2017-09-12	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Experimental GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-056r-1962000000-24557ef3db49c59cd5dd	2017-09-12	HMDB team, MONA, MassBank	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-000i-1900000000-cb0e3eb7a6d9e785a2f8	2016-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-01w0-9352000000-0e2f11bc503dd5ce6345	2017-10-06	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-000i-3900000000-b8c848b70c066282b36f	2014-09-20	Not Available	View Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	Source	View
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated)	splash10-000i-0900000000-994a78c607c1b6a724d2	2012-07-24	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated)	splash10-00fr-4900000000-ca5ef14a72dcdf3cf9fe	2012-07-24	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated)	splash10-00dl-9700000000-44f2784ec5407e93ea57	2012-07-24	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0019-0900000000-aafe8aee1cf8c42b941a	2012-08-31	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-000i-1900000000-313fe6eb451badd5c052	2012-08-31	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0609-6900000000-11aa4fb169e782205ea3	2012-08-31	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-014i-9200000000-637a59b417fe2b2e7f58	2012-08-31	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-014i-9000000000-7b87b58730add4511c8a	2012-08-31	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF	splash10-0019-0900000000-aafe8aee1cf8c42b941a	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF	splash10-000i-1900000000-313fe6eb451badd5c052	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF	splash10-0609-6900000000-11aa4fb169e782205ea3	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF	splash10-014i-9200000000-1bc951858c2e658a79af	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF	splash10-014i-9000000000-7b87b58730add4511c8a	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid Linear Ion Trap , negative-QTOF	splash10-000i-0900000000-0c3c4c703b4b9743a521	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid Linear Ion Trap , negative-QTOF	splash10-000i-0900000000-a5e048e5e58ed8e57ecd	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid , negative-QTOF	splash10-0079-0900000000-35fbf40336719c96dd3d	2017-09-14	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0006-9100000000-b408942abbf2cafac06e	2021-09-20	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-00di-4900000000-39dd2b8775ad5c5ec2f0	2021-09-20	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-000i-4900000000-c9fd7643f48c0e43dc87	2021-09-20	HMDB team, MONA	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-014i-0900000000-57e5685e37a2d70f9ab4	2015-04-24	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-00kr-0900000000-b8470b9851db4df96b61	2015-04-24	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-052r-3900000000-2690d7c586d4f7c3dccf	2015-04-24	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-001r-0900000000-713f0600845faa67fec3	2015-04-25	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-01qi-0900000000-30a79a8a4d5cf0ffc864	2015-04-25	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Homovanillic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-05fr-2900000000-6f967f9e7f7117a9d1e4	2015-04-25	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Deposition Date	Source	View
Experimental 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	2012-12-04	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	2021-09-29	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	2012-12-04	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Deposition Date	Source	View
Predicted IR Spectrum	IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)	2023-02-03	FELIX lab	View Spectrum
Predicted IR Spectrum	IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)	2023-02-03	FELIX lab	View Spectrum
Predicted IR Spectrum	IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)	2023-02-03	FELIX lab	View Spectrum

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm

Biospecimen Locations

Blood
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Feces
Saliva
Urine

Tissue Locations

Brain
Fibroblasts
Kidney

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/PathBank	KEGG
Tyrosine metabolism	Not Available
Alkaptonuria		Not Available
Hawkinsinuria		Not Available
Tyrosinemia Type I		Not Available
Tyrosinemia, transient, of the newborn		Not Available

Normal Concentrations

Biospecimen	Status	Value	Age	Sex	Condition	Reference	Details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.082 +/- 0.050 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	2480613	details
Blood	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	32966057	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.048 +/- 0.009 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.03 +/- 0.006 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.047 +/- 0.01 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.078 +/- 0.029 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.029 +/- 0.045 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.027 +/- 0.004 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.029 +/- 0.005 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.166 +/- 0.147 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.574 (0.302-0.845) uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	16288991	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.1521 +/- 0.0177 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	8527003	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.324-1.0980 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	Normal	17068770	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.124-0.362 uM	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	19304569	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.658-1.434 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.324-1.098 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.105-0.262 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	6182605	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.33-0.668 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Male	Normal	18502672	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.346-0.716 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Male	Normal	18502672	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	174 +/- 75.2 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	2415198	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	202 +/- 94 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	2415198	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.12 +/- 0.07 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	Geigy Scientific ...	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.19+/- 0.093 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	7872875	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.28 (0.15-0.41) uM	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Both	Normal	15652629	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.0004 +/- 0.00006 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	8884658	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.89 +/- 0.47 uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.78 +/- 0.42 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.76 +/- 0.38 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.71 +/- 0.34 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.66 +/- 0.33 uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.66 +/- 0.48 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.54 +/- 0.211 uM	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.37 +/- 0.08 uM	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	1.14 +/- 0.54 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	Normal	9732974	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.14 +/- 0.046 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	1712114	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.40 +/- 0.075 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	7687150	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.039 +/- 0.021 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	6085084	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.174 +/- 0.075 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	6198473	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.202 +/- 0.094 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	6198473	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.94 +/- 0.11 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	803305	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.384-0.765 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	normal	20430833	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.401 +/- 0.188 uM	Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	7887134	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.320-0.780 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Female	Normal	9686366	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.20 (0.047-0.35) uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	16259647	details
Feces	Detected and Quantified	2.196 nmol/g wet feces	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	24010549	details
Feces	Detected and Quantified	25.251 +/- 32.442 nmol/g wet feces	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	24010549	details
Feces	Detected and Quantified	34.528 +/- 55.442 nmol/g wet feces	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	24010549	details
Feces	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Not Specified	Not Specified	Normal	19573517	details
Saliva	Detected and Quantified	1.43 +/- 1.13 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	Sugimoto et al. (...	details
Saliva	Detected and Quantified	1.94 +/- 1.15 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	Sugimoto et al. (...	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	7.92 +/- 5.082 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	Analysis of 30 no...	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	0-8.316 umol/mmol creatinine	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	23363473	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	9.742 +/- 3.993 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Normal	Analysis of 30 no...	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	2.26 +/- 1.58 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Not Available	9439441	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	10 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	21670092	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	4.93 +/-3.37 umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	2026685	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	17.7 +/- 6.99 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	24296288	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	6.1 +/- 2.69 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	24296288	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	16.43 +/- 27.12 umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	24556394	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	8.09-17.75 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	24769278	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	9.56 +/- 2.99 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (6 months - <1 year old)	Both	Normal	24769278	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	12.16 +/- 3.78 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	24769278	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	13.56 +/- 4.08 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (1 - 6 months old)	Both	Normal	24769278	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	10.5 (2.0-19.0) umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Not Specified	Normal	16288991	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	2.0-2.5 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Normal	27012787	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	10.551 +/- 6.827 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	4837567	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	13.654 +/- 7.447 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	4837567	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	9.930 +/- 3.351 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	4837567	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	17.1 (7.1-28.6) umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	8087979	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	20.6 (15.6-31.0) umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	8087979	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	7.5 (3.6-14.6) umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Normal	8087979	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	5.6 (2.1-47.3) umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	8087979	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	<=3.618 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	978-0-911910-19-3	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	6.2 (1.8-12.7) umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	24023812	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	2.3 (0.9-5.5) umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	2702744	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	2.2 (0.4-4.0) umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	7524950	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	10.9 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Both	Normal	3400977	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.605 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	27273479	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.520 +/- 0.725 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	26814424	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	<16.64 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 18 years old)	Both	Normal	BC Children's Hos...	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.7-2.7 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	27012787	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.0-5.0 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	8503438	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.04-1.99 umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Normal	32340350	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.133 +/- 0.015 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Normal	19812218	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.50(0.06-1.78) umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Female	Normal	32340350	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.43(0.04-2.00) umol/mmol creatinine	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Male	Normal	32340350	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	1.900-19.300 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Female	Normal	9686366	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	4.3 (0.9-8.9) umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	24023812	details
Urine	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	32966057	details

Abnormal Concentrations

Biospecimen	Status	Value	Age	Sex	Condition	Reference	Details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.062 +/- 0.022 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Schizophrenia	2480613	details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.071 +/- 0.022 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Schizophrenia	2480613	details
Blood	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Breast cancer	19783829	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	1.00 +/- 0.03 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Epilepsy; Schizophrenia	436860	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	1.38 +/- 0.02 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Epilepsy	436860	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.39773 (0.155-0.654) uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	PNPO deficiency	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.083 +/- 0.000 uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Male	Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency	16288991	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.09 uM	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Not Available	Urocanase deficiency	19304569	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.151-0.490 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Both	Pyridoxamine 5-prime-phosphate oxidase deficiency	17068770	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.1347 +/- 0.0121 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Parkinson's syndrome	8527003	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.654 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	PNPO deficiency	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.155 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	PNPO deficiency	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.292 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	PNPO deficiency	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.49 uM	Newborn (0-30 days old)	Not Specified	PNPO deficiency	18294893	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	110 +/- 68.6 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Schizophrenia	2415198	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	167 +/- 74.5 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Schizophrenia	2415198	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.49 +/- 0.08 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Epilepsy	803305	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.39 +/- 0.091 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Narcolepsy	8945737	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.21 +/- 0.08 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Growth hormone deficiency	8729530	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.21 +/- 0.035 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Schizophrenia	115032	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.19 +/- 0.030 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Schizophrenia	115032	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.2572 +/- 0.1055 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Leuprolide acetate-induced hypogonadism	16585475	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.229 +/- 0.0782 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Leuprolide acetate-induced hypogonadism with testosterone replacment	16585475	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.21 +/- 0.12 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Epilepsy	1705463	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.05 +/- 0.03 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Epilepsy	1705463	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.05 +/- 0.04 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Epilepsy	1705463	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.19 +/- 0.09 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Epilepsy	1705463	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.20 +/- 0.09 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Major depression	9004051	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.17 +/- 0.084 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Panic Disorder	1712114	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.16 +/- 0.095 uM	Elderly (>65 years old)	Not Specified	Parkinson's disease	1436520	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.17 +/- 0.01 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA)	11383938	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.17 +/- 0.01 uM	Not Specified	Not Specified	Friedreich's ataxia	11383938	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.15 +/- 0.03 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguena	11383938	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.50 +/- 0.32 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	Autism	7687150	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.0002 +/- 0.00005 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Hypothyroidism	9849813	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.00137 (0.000604-0.00225) uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Schizophrenia	20814316	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.038 +/- 0.016 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Schizophrenia	7595563	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.00017 (0.00013-0.00022) uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Hypothyroidism	9849813	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.128 uM	Infant (0-1 year old)	Female	Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency	9686366	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.0820-0.149 uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Female	Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency	9686366	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Breast cancer	19783829	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.1282 +/- 0.0583 uM	Not Specified	Both	celiac disease	6182605	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.0585 (0.055-0.062) uM	Children (1-13 years old)	Not Specified	sepiapterin reductase deficiency	18502672	details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)	Detected and Quantified	0.187 +/- 0.065 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Not Specified	Parkinson's Disease	7887134	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	8.751 umol/mmol creatinine	Adolescent (13-18 years old)	Female	Dopamine-serotonin Vesicular Transport Defect	23363473	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	7.838 +/- 4.994 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Eosinophilic esophagitis	Analysis of 30 no...	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	6.237 +/- 4.67 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Gastroesophageal reflux disease	Analysis of 30 no...	details
Urine	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Bladder cancer	28157703	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	2.9 +/- 0.0 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Male	Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency	16288991	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	4.903 +/- 2.358 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Phenylketonuria	4837567	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	5.0891 +/- 1.738 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Phenylketonuria	4837567	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	7.447 +/- 3.848 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Both	Phenylketonuria	4837567	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	0.4-0.5 umol/mmol creatinine	Adult (>18 years old)	Male	Brunner Syndrome	8503438	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	15.5 umol/mmol creatinine	Infant (0-1 year old)	Female	Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency	9686366	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	34.1 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1-13 years old)	Female	Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency	9686366	details
Urine	Detected but not Quantified	Not Quantified	Adult (>18 years old)	Female	Breast cancer	19783829	details
Urine	Detected and Quantified	9.427 +/- 7.439 umol/mmol creatinine	Children (1 - 13 years old)	Not Specified	Eosinophilic esophagitis	Analysis of 30 no...	details

Associated Disorders and Diseases

Disease References

Hypothyroidism
Sjoberg S, Eriksson M, Nordin C: L-thyroxine treatment and neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypothyroid patients: a pilot study. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;139(5):493-7. [PubMed:9849813 ]
Narcolepsy
Strittmatter M, Isenberg E, Grauer MT, Hamann G, Schimrigk K: CSF substance P somatostatin and monoaminergic transmitter metabolites in patients with narcolepsy. Neurosci Lett. 1996 Nov 1;218(2):99-102. [PubMed:8945737 ]
Growth hormone deficiency
Burman P, Hetta J, Wide L, Mansson JE, Ekman R, Karlsson FA: Growth hormone treatment affects brain neurotransmitters and thyroxine [see comment]. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1996 Mar;44(3):319-24. [PubMed:8729530 ]
Schizophrenia
Harnryd C, Bjerkenstedt L, Grimm VE, Sedvall G: Reduction of MOPEG levels in cerebrospinal fluid of psychotic women after electroconvulsive treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 Aug 8;64(2):131-4. [PubMed:115032 ] Alfredsson G, Wiesel FA: Monoamine metabolites and amino acids in serum from schizophrenic patients before and during sulpiride treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;99(3):322-7. [PubMed:2480613 ] Do KQ, Lauer CJ, Schreiber W, Zollinger M, Gutteck-Amsler U, Cuenod M, Holsboer F: gamma-Glutamylglutamine and taurine concentrations are decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of drug-naive patients with schizophrenic disorders. J Neurochem. 1995 Dec;65(6):2652-62. [PubMed:7595563 ] Nikisch G, Baumann P, Wiedemann G, Kiessling B, Weisser H, Hertel A, Yoshitake T, Kehr J, Mathe AA: Quetiapine and norquetiapine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients treated with quetiapine: correlations to clinical outcome and HVA, 5-HIAA, and MHPG in CSF. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2010 Oct;30(5):496-503. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181f2288e. [PubMed:20814316 ] Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Hagenfeldt L, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Plasma amino acids in relation to cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. Br J Psychiatry. 1985 Sep;147:276-82. [PubMed:2415198 ] Peters JG: Dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin spinal fluid metabolites in temporal lobe epileptic patients with schizophrenic symptomatology. Eur Neurol. 1979;18(1):15-8. [PubMed:436860 ]
Epilepsy
Botez MI, Young SN: Effects of anticonvulsant treatment and low levels of folate and thiamine on amine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid. Brain. 1991 Feb;114 ( Pt 1A):333-48. [PubMed:1705463 ] Shaywitz BA, Cohen DJ, Bowers MB: Reduced cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid in children with epilepsy. Neurology. 1975 Jan;25(1):72-9. [PubMed:803305 ] Peters JG: Dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin spinal fluid metabolites in temporal lobe epileptic patients with schizophrenic symptomatology. Eur Neurol. 1979;18(1):15-8. [PubMed:436860 ]
Panic disorder
Eriksson E, Westberg P, Alling C, Thuresson K, Modigh K: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of monoamine metabolites in panic disorder. Psychiatry Res. 1991 Mar;36(3):243-51. [PubMed:1712114 ]
Olivopontocerebral atrophy
Botez MI, Young SN: Biogenic amine metabolites and thiamine in cerebrospinal fluid in heredo-degenerative ataxias. Can J Neurol Sci. 2001 May;28(2):134-40. [PubMed:11383938 ]
Hereditary spastic paraplegia
Botez MI, Young SN: Biogenic amine metabolites and thiamine in cerebrospinal fluid in heredo-degenerative ataxias. Can J Neurol Sci. 2001 May;28(2):134-40. [PubMed:11383938 ]
Autism
Narayan M, Srinath S, Anderson GM, Meundi DB: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in autism. Biol Psychiatry. 1993 Apr 15-May 1;33(8-9):630-5. [PubMed:7687150 ]
Parkinson's disease
LeWitt PA, Galloway MP, Matson W, Milbury P, McDermott M, Srivastava DK, Oakes D: Markers of dopamine metabolism in Parkinson's disease. The Parkinson Study Group. Neurology. 1992 Nov;42(11):2111-7. [PubMed:1436520 ] Dizdar N, Kagedal B, Lindvall B: Treatment of Parkinson's disease with NADH. Acta Neurol Scand. 1994 Nov;90(5):345-7. [PubMed:7887134 ]
Friedreich's ataxia
Botez MI, Young SN: Biogenic amine metabolites and thiamine in cerebrospinal fluid in heredo-degenerative ataxias. Can J Neurol Sci. 2001 May;28(2):134-40. [PubMed:11383938 ]
Major depressive disorder
Sheline Y, Bardgett ME, Csernansky JG: Correlated reductions in cerebrospinal fluid 5-HIAA and MHPG concentrations after treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1997 Feb;17(1):11-4. [PubMed:9004051 ]
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency
Abdenur JE, Abeling N, Specola N, Jorge L, Schenone AB, van Cruchten AC, Chamoles NA: Aromatic l-aminoacid decarboxylase deficiency: unusual neonatal presentation and additional findings in organic acid analysis. Mol Genet Metab. 2006 Jan;87(1):48-53. Epub 2005 Nov 9. [PubMed:16288991 ] Abeling NG, van Gennip AH, Barth PG, van Cruchten A, Westra M, Wijburg FA: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: a new case with a mild clinical presentation and unexpected laboratory findings. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1998 Jun;21(3):240-2. [PubMed:9686366 ]
Celiac disease
Hallert C, Astrom J, Sedvall G: Psychic disturbances in adult coeliac disease. III. Reduced central monoamine metabolism and signs of depression. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1982 Jan;17(1):25-8. [PubMed:6182605 ]
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency
Verbeek MM, Willemsen MA, Wevers RA, Lagerwerf AJ, Abeling NG, Blau N, Thony B, Vargiami E, Zafeiriou DI: Two Greek siblings with sepiapterin reductase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab. 2008 Aug;94(4):403-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.04.003. Epub 2008 May 27. [PubMed:18502672 ]
Pyridoxamine 5-prime-phosphate oxidase deficiency
Ormazabal A, Oppenheim M, Serrano M, Garcia-Cazorla A, Campistol J, Ribes A, Ruiz A, Moreno J, Hyland K, Clayton P, Heales S, Artuch R: Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate values in cerebrospinal fluid: reference values and diagnosis of PNPO deficiency in paediatric patients. Mol Genet Metab. 2008 Jun;94(2):173-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.01.004. Epub 2008 Feb 21. [PubMed:18294893 ] Plecko B, Paul K, Paschke E, Stoeckler-Ipsiroglu S, Struys E, Jakobs C, Hartmann H, Luecke T, di Capua M, Korenke C, Hikel C, Reutershahn E, Freilinger M, Baumeister F, Bosch F, Erwa W: Biochemical and molecular characterization of 18 patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy and mutations of the antiquitin (ALDH7A1) gene. Hum Mutat. 2007 Jan;28(1):19-26. [PubMed:17068770 ]
Parkinsonian syndrome
Espino A, Calopa M, Ambrosio S, Ortola J, Peres J, Navarro MA: CSF somatostatin increase in patients with early parkinsonian syndrome. J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect. 1995;9(2-3):189-96. [PubMed:8527003 ]
Urocanase deficiency
Espinos C, Pineda M, Martinez-Rubio D, Lupo V, Ormazabal A, Vilaseca MA, Spaapen LJ, Palau F, Artuch R: Mutations in the urocanase gene UROC1 are associated with urocanic aciduria. J Med Genet. 2009 Jun;46(6):407-11. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2008.060632. Epub 2009 Mar 19. [PubMed:19304569 ]
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
Perillyl alcohol administration for cancer treatment
Nam H, Chung BC, Kim Y, Lee K, Lee D: Combining tissue transcriptomics and urine metabolomics for breast cancer biomarker identification. Bioinformatics. 2009 Dec 1;25(23):3151-7. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp558. Epub 2009 Sep 25. [PubMed:19783829 ]
Phenylketonuria
Rampini S, Vollmin JA, Bosshard HR, Muller M, Curtius HC: Aromatic acids in urine of healthy infants, persistent hyperphenylalaninemia, and phenylketonuria, before and after phenylalanine load. Pediatr Res. 1974 Jul;8(7):704-9. [PubMed:4837567 ]
Dopamine-serotonin Vesicular Transport Defect
Rilstone JJ, Alkhater RA, Minassian BA: Brain dopamine-serotonin vesicular transport disease and its treatment. N Engl J Med. 2013 Feb 7;368(6):543-50. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1207281. Epub 2013 Jan 30. [PubMed:23363473 ]
Brunner Syndrome
Brunner HG, Nelen MR, van Zandvoort P, Abeling NG, van Gennip AH, Wolters EC, Kuiper MA, Ropers HH, van Oost BA: X-linked borderline mental retardation with prominent behavioral disturbance: phenotype, genetic localization, and evidence for disturbed monoamine metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 Jun;52(6):1032-9. [PubMed:8503438 ]

Associated OMIM IDs

161400 (Narcolepsy)
139250 (Growth hormone deficiency)
181500 (Schizophrenia)
167870 (Panic disorder)
182601 (Hereditary spastic paraplegia)
209850 (Autism)
168600 (Parkinson's disease)
229300 (Friedreich's ataxia)
608516 (Major depressive disorder)
608643 (Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency)
212750 (Celiac disease)
182125 (Sepiapterin reductase deficiency)
610090 (Pyridoxamine 5-prime-phosphate oxidase deficiency)
276880 (Urocanase deficiency)
610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)
261600 (Phenylketonuria)
300615 (Brunner Syndrome)

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

FooDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Wikipedia Link

METLIN ID

PubChem Compound

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

545959

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

HOMOVAL

MarkerDB ID

MDB00013418

Good Scents ID

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Download (PDF)

General References

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Sjoberg S, Eriksson M, Nordin C: L-thyroxine treatment and neurotransmitter levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypothyroid patients: a pilot study. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998 Nov;139(5):493-7. [PubMed:9849813 ]
Eklundh T, Eriksson M, Sjoberg S, Nordin C: Monoamine precursors, transmitters and metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid: a prospective study in healthy male subjects. J Psychiatr Res. 1996 May-Jun;30(3):201-8. [PubMed:8884658 ]
Needlman R, Zuckerman B, Anderson GM, Mirochnick M, Cohen DJ: Cerebrospinal fluid monoamine precursors and metabolites in human neonates following in utero cocaine exposure: a preliminary study. Pediatrics. 1993 Jul;92(1):55-60. [PubMed:8516085 ]
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Lepore V, Di Reda N, Defazio G, Pedone D, Giovine A, Lanzi C, Tartaglione B, Livrea P: Dopaminomimetic action of diphenylhydantoin in rat striatum: effect on homovanillic acid and cyclic AMP levels. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1985;86(1-2):27-30. [PubMed:2991966 ]
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Ormazabal A, Garcia-Cazorla A, Fernandez Y, Fernandez-Alvarez E, Campistol J, Artuch R: HPLC with electrochemical and fluorescence detection procedures for the diagnosis of inborn errors of biogenic amines and pterins. J Neurosci Methods. 2005 Mar 15;142(1):153-8. [PubMed:15652629 ]
Ali SF, Kordsmeier KJ, Gough B: Drug-induced circling preference in rats. Correlation with monoamine levels. Mol Neurobiol. 1995 Aug-Dec;11(1-3):145-54. [PubMed:8561958 ]
von Holst H, Lindquist C, Sedvall G: Increased concentrations of the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in lumbar and central CSF and of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in lumbar CSF after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1985;77(3-4):146-51. [PubMed:2416192 ]
Strittmatter M, Isenberg E, Grauer MT, Hamann G, Schimrigk K: CSF substance P somatostatin and monoaminergic transmitter metabolites in patients with narcolepsy. Neurosci Lett. 1996 Nov 1;218(2):99-102. [PubMed:8945737 ]
Curtin F, Walker JP, Peyrin L, Soulier V, Badan M, Schulz P: Reward dependence is positively related to urinary monoamines in normal men. Biol Psychiatry. 1997 Aug 15;42(4):275-81. [PubMed:9270904 ]
Abramowsky CR, Taylor SR, Anton AH, Berk AI, Roederer M, Murphy RF: Flow cytometry DNA ploidy analysis and catecholamine secretion profiles in neuroblastoma. Cancer. 1989 May 1;63(9):1752-6. [PubMed:2702581 ]
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Harnryd C, Bjerkenstedt L, Grimm VE, Sedvall G: Reduction of MOPEG levels in cerebrospinal fluid of psychotic women after electroconvulsive treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 Aug 8;64(2):131-4. [PubMed:115032 ]
di Rocco A, Bottiglieri T, Dorfman D, Werner P, Morrison C, Simpson D: Decreased homovanilic acid in cerebrospinal fluid correlates with impaired neuropsychologic function in HIV-1-infected patients. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2000 Jul-Aug;23(4):190-4. [PubMed:11020122 ]
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Brautigam C, Wevers RA, Jansen RJ, Smeitink JA, de Rijk-van Andel JF, Gabreels FJ, Hoffmann GF: Biochemical hallmarks of tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency. Clin Chem. 1998 Sep;44(9):1897-904. [PubMed:9732974 ]
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Enzymes

Enzyme Details

1. Catechol O-methyltransferase

General function:: Involved in magnesium ion binding
Specific function:: Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones. Also shortens the biological half-lives of certain neuroactive drugs, like L-DOPA, alpha-methyl DOPA and isoproterenol.
Gene Name:: COMT
Uniprot ID:: P21964
Molecular weight:: 30036.77

Reactions

S-Adenosylmethionine + 3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid → S-Adenosylhomocysteine + Homovanillic acid	details

Enzyme Details

2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation. This protein preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates. It may play a role in the oxidation of toxic aldehydes.
Gene Name:: ALDH3A1
Uniprot ID:: P30838
Molecular weight:: 50394.57

Reactions

Homovanillin + NAD + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion	details
Homovanillin + NADP + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion	details

Enzyme Details

3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Seems to be the key enzyme in the formation of an RA gradient along the dorso-ventral axis during the early eye development and also in the development of the olfactory system (By similarity).
Gene Name:: ALDH1A3
Uniprot ID:: P47895
Molecular weight:: 56107.995

Reactions

Homovanillin + NAD + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion	details
Homovanillin + NADP + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion	details

Enzyme Details

4. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: Not Available
Gene Name:: ALDH3B2
Uniprot ID:: P48448
Molecular weight:: 42623.62

Reactions

Homovanillin + NAD + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion	details
Homovanillin + NADP + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion	details

Enzyme Details

5. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: Oxidizes medium and long chain saturated and unsaturated aldehydes. Metabolizes also benzaldehyde. Low activity towards acetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. May not metabolize short chain aldehydes. May use both NADP(+) and NAD(+) as cofactors. May have a protective role against the cytotoxicity induced by lipid peroxidation.
Gene Name:: ALDH3B1
Uniprot ID:: P43353
Molecular weight:: 51839.245

Reactions

Homovanillin + NAD + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADH + Hydrogen Ion	details
Homovanillin + NADP + Water → Homovanillic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion	details

Enzyme Details

6. Sulfotransferase 1A3

General function:: sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of phenolic monoamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin) and phenolic and catechol drugs.
Gene Name:: SULT1A3
Uniprot ID:: P0DMM9
Molecular weight:: 34195.96

Reactions

Homovanillic acid → Homovanillic acid sulfate	details

Showing metabocard for Homovanillic acid (HMDB0000118)

MOL for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

3D MOL for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

3D SDF for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

3D-SDF for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

PDB for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

3D PDB for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

SMILES for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

INCHI for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

Structure for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

3D Structure for HMDB0000118 (Homovanillic acid)

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

Derivatized

GC-MS Spectra

MS/MS Spectra

NMR Spectra

IR Spectra

Enzymes

Reactions

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