Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-05-30 20:55:49 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000317 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid |
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Description | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid or 2-hydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid (HMVA) is an organic acid generated by L-isoleucine metabolism. It is derived from the reduction of 2-Keto-3-methylvaleric acid (KMVA), possibly through the action of a lactate dehydrogenase (PMID: 1429566 ). There are 4 stereoisomers of HMVA (2S,3S-HMVA, 2R,3R-HMVA, 2S,3R-HMVA and 2R,3S-HMVA), of which the 2S,3S and 2S,3R derivatives are generally separable. HMVA is found in the urine and blood of normal individuals but in very elevated levels in patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) (PMID: 1429566 ). Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inherited metabolic disease predominantly characterized by neurological dysfunction including psychomotor/delay/mental retardation. |
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Structure | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C6H12O3/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4-5,7H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/t4-,5-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoate | Generator | (2R,3R)-2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-pentanoate | HMDB | (2R,3R)-2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-pentanoic acid | HMDB | (2R,3R)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoate | HMDB | (2R,3R)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-pentanoate | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-pentanoic acid | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-valerate | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-valeric acid | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylvalerate | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid | HMDB | a-Hydroxy-b-methylvalerate | HMDB | a-Hydroxy-b-methylvaleric acid | HMDB | alpha-Hydroxy-beta-methylvalerate | HMDB | alpha-Hydroxy-beta-methylvaleric acid | HMDB | HMVA | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C6H12O3 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 132.1577 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 132.07864425 |
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IUPAC Name | (2R,3R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-valerate |
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CAS Registry Number | 488-15-3 |
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SMILES | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H12O3/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4-5,7H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/t4-,5-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | RILPIWOPNGRASR-RFZPGFLSSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Hydroxy fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Branched fatty acid
- Methyl-branched fatty acid
- Hydroxy fatty acid
- Alpha-hydroxy acid
- Hydroxy acid
- Monosaccharide
- Secondary alcohol
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Alcohol
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O | 1208.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1143.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1259.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O | 1443.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1364.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1708.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-004i-9000000000-ed210d81f7dd591ba305 | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-070i-9430000000-6a69d25573a59e501509 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-ee593b4e36128495adaa | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-dbb7417a40039e144182 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0019-9500000000-af6ad46fd2217e11644c | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-015i-6900000000-a4c1daf19028c3b5134f | 2015-09-15 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4r-9100000000-869a6d71fe88a292f540 | 2015-09-15 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-b1a7373d307d666ee4d4 | 2015-09-15 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001r-6900000000-f3e353eb7493baf38742 | 2015-09-15 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-01q0-9500000000-7d4a297dfcfc8042262c | 2015-09-15 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-befdfe1bd9ab81fcab68 | 2015-09-15 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-066r-9200000000-aa3018de5b1cc18a62c9 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-066s-9000000000-335c8d3f561c609e78a3 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9000000000-3aa61810dec2a5384f29 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-0900000000-6a76fa84654b3400f5b4 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-2900000000-a2221076b3b27d49107e | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 2-Hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9200000000-02760c89b2616afc5434 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | |
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Biospecimen Locations | - Blood
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Feces
- Saliva
- Urine
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | <0.7 uM | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | <0.7 uM | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 6.531 +/- 5.519 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.04 (0.02-0.06) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.0 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 3.9 (1.7-7.9) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 46.6 uM | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Female | Maple syrup urine disease | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 17 uM | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Female | Maple syrup urine disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohn disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Tooth Decay | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 13.765 +/- 12.068 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Eosinophilic esophagitis | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Dihydrolipoyl DH (E3) deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Colorectal cancer |
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- Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
| Crohn's disease |
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- Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9. [PubMed:28842642 ]
| Ulcerative colitis |
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- Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9. [PubMed:28842642 ]
| Tooth Decay |
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- Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
| Maple syrup urine disease |
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- Kumps A, Duez P, Mardens Y: Metabolic, nutritional, iatrogenic, and artifactual sources of urinary organic acids: a comprehensive table. Clin Chem. 2002 May;48(5):708-17. [PubMed:11978597 ]
- Shigematsu Y, Kikuchi K, Momoi T, Sudo M, Kikawa Y, Nosaka K, Kuriyama M, Haruki S, Sanada K, Hamano N, et al.: Organic acids and branched-chain amino acids in body fluids before and after multiple exchange transfusions in maple syrup urine disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1983;6(4):183-9. [PubMed:6422161 ]
| Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase Deficiency |
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- Kumps A, Duez P, Mardens Y: Metabolic, nutritional, iatrogenic, and artifactual sources of urinary organic acids: a comprehensive table. Clin Chem. 2002 May;48(5):708-17. [PubMed:11978597 ]
| Eosinophilic esophagitis |
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- Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
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Associated OMIM IDs | - 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
- 266600 (Crohn's disease)
- 248600 (Maple syrup urine disease)
- 246900 (Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase Deficiency)
- 610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB021944 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00052119 |
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Chemspider ID | 8972081 |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | 5306 |
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PubChem Compound | 10796774 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 89228 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Mamer, O.A. & Reimer, M.L.J. "On the Mechanisms of the Formation of L-Alloisoleucine and the 2-Hydroxy-3-methylvaleric Acid.." J. Biol. Chem. 267: 22141-22147 (1992). |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Mamer OA, Reimer ML: On the mechanisms of the formation of L-alloisoleucine and the 2-hydroxy-3-methylvaleric acid stereoisomers from L-isoleucine in maple syrup urine disease patients and in normal humans. J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 5;267(31):22141-7. [PubMed:1429566 ]
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