Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:14:50 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000448 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0004862
- HMDB00448
- HMDB04862
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Adipic acid |
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Description | Adipic acid is an important inudstrial dicarboxylic acid with about 2.5 billion kilograms produced per year. It is used mainly in the production of nylon. It occurs relatively rarely in nature. It has a tart taste and is also used as an additive and gelling agent in jello or gelatins. It is also used in some calcium carbonate antacids to make them tart. Adipic acid has also been incorporated into controlled-release formulation matrix tablets to obtain pH-independent release for both weakly basic and weakly acidic drugs. Adipic acid in the urine and in the blood is typically exogenous in origin and is a good biomarker of jello consumption. In fact, a condition known as adipic aciduria is actually an artifact of jello consumption (PMID: 1779643 ). However, certain disorders (such as diabetes and glutaric aciduria type I.) can lead to elevated levels of adipic acid snd other dicarboxcylic acids (such as suberic acid) in urine (PMID: 17520433 ; PMID: 6778884 ). Moreover, adipic acid is also found to be associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency, carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency, and medium Chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, which are inborn errors of metabolism. Adipic acid is also microbial metabolite found in Escherichia. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C6H10O4/c7-5(8)3-1-2-4-6(9)10/h1-4H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1,4-Butanedicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | 1,6-Hexanedioic acid | ChEBI | Adipinic acid | ChEBI | Adipinsaeure | ChEBI | e 355 | ChEBI | e-355 | ChEBI | e355 | ChEBI | INS no. 355 | ChEBI | Hexanedioate | Kegg | Hexan-1,6-dicarboxylate | Kegg | 1,4-Butanedicarboxylate | Generator | 1,6-Hexanedioate | Generator | Adipinate | Generator | Hexanedioic acid | Generator | Hexan-1,6-dicarboxylic acid | Generator | Adipate | Generator | Acifloctin | HMDB | Acinetten | HMDB | Adi-pure | HMDB | Adilactetten | HMDB | Kyselina adipova | HMDB | Molten adipate | HMDB | Molten adipic acid | HMDB | Adipic acid, calcium salt | HMDB | Adipic acid, disodium salt | HMDB | Sodium adipate | HMDB | Adipic acid, cu(+2) salt | HMDB | Adipic acid, cu(+2) salt (1:1) | HMDB | Adipic acid, diammonium salt | HMDB | Adipic acid, sodium salt | HMDB | Adipic acid, cu salt | HMDB | Adipic acid, potassium salt | HMDB | Ammonium adipate | HMDB | Magnesium adipate | HMDB | Adipic acid, MG salt (1:1) | HMDB | Adipic acid, monoammonium salt | HMDB | Adipic acid, nickel salt | HMDB | Diammonium adipate | HMDB | Adipic acid | KEGG |
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Chemical Formula | C6H10O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 146.1412 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 146.057908808 |
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IUPAC Name | hexanedioic acid |
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Traditional Name | adipic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 124-04-9 |
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SMILES | OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H10O4/c7-5(8)3-1-2-4-6(9)10/h1-4H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10) |
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InChI Key | WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Medium-chain fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Medium-chain fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 151 - 154 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 265.00 °C. @ 100.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 30.8 mg/mL at 34 °C | Not Available | LogP | 0.08 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized) | splash10-03dj-0900000000-5378ec232b7bc8c84368 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) | splash10-03di-2920000000-a4bb0f67851a49bcd19c | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a6u-9000000000-36d8bc2f7d1a77a7b466 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-03dm-0910000000-596aa8217b629d682b81 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-03dj-0900000000-5378ec232b7bc8c84368 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-03di-2920000000-a4bb0f67851a49bcd19c | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-03dj-0900000000-60ba84e1d479d88e3fac | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0fk9-9300000000-c0da1d9e52f67b1d7dbc | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00dr-9620000000-9525dd4ed0f987b19a68 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Adipic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0f6x-9200000000-988f76bb42297a8d9d3b | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-000x-3900000000-1c5a6a5287f8fd7736f1 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-001i-9100000000-3e9496a6da881edd91e0 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0uea-9500000000-edb5529010e4b88414c4 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid EI-B (Unknown) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a6u-9000000000-36d8bc2f7d1a77a7b466 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-a1852cfc66b4feae9b18 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ue9-6900000000-90e783cc3522f0ce7880 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9200000000-b5a64d560d8bc62d8d51 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-a96d5ee9551b944e4db8 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-2e61b7d2a4dbc9867123 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-a1852cfc66b4feae9b18 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0ue9-6900000000-90e783cc3522f0ce7880 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9200000000-b5a64d560d8bc62d8d51 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-a96d5ee9551b944e4db8 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9000000000-2e61b7d2a4dbc9867123 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid LC-ESI-ITFT , negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-2900000000-983aa19fb3183a9bc5ab | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 35V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ue9-8900000000-a976da84fb798bd80a34 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0n33-9100000000-8ed018879ca3f86cd379 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9300000000-c6cf63d45cff0205c31a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-9200000000-9d33c5f6441e75071938 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004j-0900000000-ece39ae1f752cf2970f1 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fba-5900000000-682fc79230e6f03bacfb | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052f-9000000000-66b61bf2c65c15bb7fed | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-ec5d2c95f1dac5349608 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-002b-2900000000-27613c7de7a721350bb8 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Adipic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9100000000-78804e4122c63b62ca5b | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-29 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2021-10-10 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | |
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Biospecimen Locations | - Blood
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Feces
- Saliva
- Urine
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Tissue Locations | |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.09 +/- 0.010 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 0.32 - 2.16 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 147.118 +/- 90.324 nmol/g wet feces | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.0658 +/- 0.107 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.0813 +/- 0.111 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.124 +/- 0.115 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.171 +/- 0.159 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 9.2 (0.1-19.9) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 11.4 (0.1-14.8) umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 4.0 (1.9-9.6) umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 2.4 (1.2-7.0) umol/mmol creatinine | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 8.4 +/- 5.3 umol/mmol creatinine | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | <15 umol/mmol creatinine | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 2.87 +/- 2.50 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.84-1.9 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 130.00 +/- 60.00 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | <101.754 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | <108.309 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 13.152 +/- 5.415 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 2-12 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 7.736 +/- 1.547 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 289.340 +/- 221.260 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 32.493 +/- 25.530 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 34.0400 +/- 9.284 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 32.493 +/- 25.530 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 7.736 +/- 1.547 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 85.0999 +/- 46.418 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 34.0400 +/- 9.284 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 13.00 +/- 5.4 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 85.0999 +/- 46.418 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 289.340 +/- 221.260 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 6.0 (2.0-11.0) umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 2.82 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 5.0-11.6 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 5.3-16.1 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 6.5-13.0 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 6.9-15.8 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 5.1 (0.8-35) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | <28.79 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.4 +/- 0.6 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.72-1.2 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 4.4 (1.6-14.3) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.2 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 3.0 (1.0-12.9) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 4.47 +/- 5.757 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 91 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Not Specified | Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 21-160 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 539 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Male | 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 8.6 +/- 8.3 umol/mmol creatinine | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Female | Anorexia nervosa | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 4.642 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Male | Fumarase deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 27.0772 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 44.871 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 48.739 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 144 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Male | Malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 299.397 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 26.35 +/- 13.6 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Malnutrition (type kwashiorkor and marasmus) | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 1348.446 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0-44.0934 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Female | Short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCAD) | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 5-950 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Both | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 52.573-4757.791 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Not Specified | Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 1348.446-2259.0153 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Specified | 3-Hydroxydicarboxylic aciduria | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 2.0 (0.0-28.0) umol/mmol creatinine | Not Specified | Both | Lung cancer | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 8.582 +/- 7.258 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Eosinophilic esophagitis | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 17.15 (0.00-34.30) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 31.0 (12.0-50.0) umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Lyase Deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 9.173 +/- 20.147 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Eosinophilic esophagitis | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 31.806 +/- 75.777 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Gastroesophageal reflux disease | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Colorectal cancer |
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- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
- Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
| Lung Cancer |
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- Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Eisner R, Young N, Gautam B, Hau DD, Psychogios N, Dong E, Bouatra S, Mandal R, Sinelnikov I, Xia J, Jia L, Cruz JA, Lim E, Sobsey CA, Shrivastava S, Huang P, Liu P, Fang L, Peng J, Fradette R, Cheng D, Tzur D, Clements M, Lewis A, De Souza A, Zuniga A, Dawe M, Xiong Y, Clive D, Greiner R, Nazyrova A, Shaykhutdinov R, Li L, Vogel HJ, Forsythe I: HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(Database issue):D603-10. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkn810. Epub 2008 Oct 25. [PubMed:18953024 ]
| Anorexia nervosa |
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- Capo-chichi CD, Gueant JL, Lefebvre E, Bennani N, Lorentz E, Vidailhet C, Vidailhet M: Riboflavin and riboflavin-derived cofactors in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):672-8. [PubMed:10197568 ]
| 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency |
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- G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
| Eosinophilic esophagitis |
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- Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
| Fumarase deficiency |
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- Bastug O, Kardas F, Ozturk MA, Halis H, Memur S, Korkmaz L, Tag Z, Gunes T: A rare cause of opistotonus; fumaric aciduria: The first case presentation in Turkey. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2014 Mar 1;49(1):74-6. doi: 10.5152/tpa.2014.442. eCollection 2014 Mar. [PubMed:26078636 ]
| Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency |
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- Tserng KY, Jin SJ, Kerr DS, Hoppel CL: Abnormal urinary excretion of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids in patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. J Lipid Res. 1990 May;31(5):763-71. [PubMed:2380628 ]
- Gregersen N, Kolvraa S, Rasmussen K, Mortensen PB, Divry P, David M, Hobolth N: General (medium-chain) acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (non-ketotic dicarboxylic aciduria): quantitative urinary excretion pattern of 23 biologically significant organic acids in three cases. Clin Chim Acta. 1983 Aug 15;132(2):181-91. [PubMed:6616873 ]
- Duran M, De Klerk JB, Wadman SK, Bruinvis L, Ketting D: The differential diagnosis of dicarboxylic aciduria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1984;7 Suppl 1:48-51. [PubMed:6434845 ]
| Malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency |
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- Haan EA, Scholem RD, Croll HB, Brown GK: Malonyl coenzyme A decarboxylase deficiency. Clinical and biochemical findings in a second child with a more severe enzyme defect. Eur J Pediatr. 1986 Apr;144(6):567-70. [PubMed:3709568 ]
| Short Chain Acyl-Coa Dehydrogenase Deficiency |
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- Amendt BA, Greene C, Sweetman L, Cloherty J, Shih V, Moon A, Teel L, Rhead WJ: Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. Clinical and biochemical studies in two patients. J Clin Invest. 1987 May;79(5):1303-9. [PubMed:3571488 ]
| Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency |
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- Stanley CA, Hale DE, Berry GT, Deleeuw S, Boxer J, Bonnefont JP: Brief report: a deficiency of carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase in the inner mitochondrial membrane. N Engl J Med. 1992 Jul 2;327(1):19-23. [PubMed:1598097 ]
- Ogier de Baulny H, Slama A, Touati G, Turnbull DM, Pourfarzam M, Brivet M: Neonatal hyperammonemia caused by a defect of carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase. J Pediatr. 1995 Nov;127(5):723-8. [PubMed:7472823 ]
| 3-Hydroxydicarboxylic aciduria |
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- Tserng KY, Jin SJ, Kerr DS, Hoppel CL: Urinary 3-hydroxydicarboxylic acids in pathophysiology of metabolic disorders with dicarboxylic aciduria. Metabolism. 1991 Jul;40(7):676-82. [PubMed:1870421 ]
| 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency |
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- Conboy E, Vairo F, Schultz M, Agre K, Ridsdale R, Deyle D, Oglesbee D, Gavrilov D, Klee EW, Lanpher B: Mitochondrial 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency: Unique Presenting Laboratory Values and a Review of Biochemical and Clinical Features. JIMD Rep. 2017 Oct 14. doi: 10.1007/8904_2017_59. [PubMed:29030856 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | - 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
- 211980 (Lung Cancer)
- 606788 (Anorexia nervosa)
- 246450 (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency)
- 610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)
- 606812 (Fumarase deficiency)
- 201450 (Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency)
- 248360 (Malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency)
- 212138 (Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency)
- 605911 (3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Synthase Deficiency)
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB008309 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00001178 |
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Chemspider ID | 191 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C06104 |
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BioCyc ID | ADIPATE |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Adipic_acid |
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METLIN ID | 115 |
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PubChem Compound | 196 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 30832 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | ADPAC |
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MarkerDB ID | MDB00000162 |
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Good Scents ID | rw1001801 |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Saito, Kenji. Recovery of adipic acid. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (1976), 5 pp. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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General References | - Coude MM, Charpentier C, Bonnefont JP, Cheron G, Kamoun P: Organic acids in aqueous humour and plasma: post mortem study in infants and diagnosis of enzymopathies. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1991;14(5):668-73. [PubMed:1779612 ]
- Pettersen JE: In vivo studies on the metabolism of hexanedioic acid. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Jan 6;58(1):43-50. [PubMed:1122631 ]
- Matsumoto M, Kuhara T, Inoue Y, Shinka T, Matsumoto I: Abnormal fatty acid metabolism in patients in hopantenate therapy during clinical episodes. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):139-45. [PubMed:2026687 ]
- Jakobs C, Sweetman L, Wadman SK, Duran M, Saudubray JM, Nyhan WL: Prenatal diagnosis of glutaric aciduria type II by direct chemical analysis of dicarboxylic acids in amniotic fluid. Eur J Pediatr. 1984 Jan;141(3):153-7. [PubMed:6698061 ]
- Greter J, Lindstedt S, Steen G: Urinary metabolites of cis-9,10-methylene octadecanoic acid. cis-3,4-Methylene hexanedioic acid and related compounds. J Biol Chem. 1979 Apr 25;254(8):2807-13. [PubMed:429319 ]
- Glick N, Fischer M: Adipic aciduria, a dietary artefact. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1991;14(5):849-50. [PubMed:1779643 ]
- Sonmez G, Mutlu H, Ozturk E, Sildiroglu HO, Keskin AT, Basekim CC, Kizilkaya E: Magnetic resonance imaging findings of adult-onset glutaric aciduria type I. Acta Radiol. 2007 Jun;48(5):557-9. [PubMed:17520433 ]
- Liebich HM, Pickert A, Stierle U, Woll J: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids in urine. J Chromatogr. 1980 Oct 31;199:181-9. [PubMed:6778884 ]
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