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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:14:59 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000617
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00617
Metabolite Identification
Common Name2-Furoic acid
DescriptionFuroic acid is a metabolite that appears in the urine of workers occupationally exposed to furfural and is a marker of exposure to this compound. Furfural is a heterocyclic aldehyde that is commonly used as a solvent in industry. It is readily absorbed into the body via the lungs and has significant skin absorption. Furfural is an irritant of the eyes, mucous membranes, and skin and is a central nervous system depressant. Furfural as a confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans (It has been suggested that is a substance that produces hepatic cirrhosis). Once in the body, furfural is metabolized rapidly via oxidation to the metabolite furoic acid, which is then conjugated with glycine and excreted in the urine in both free and conjugated forms. (PMID: 3751566 , 4630229 , 12587683 ). 2-Furoic acid is a biomarker for the consumption of beer
Structure
Data?1676999699
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC5H4O3
Average Molecular Weight112.0835
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight112.016043994
IUPAC Namefuran-2-carboxylic acid
Traditional Namefuroic acid
CAS Registry Number88-14-2
SMILES
OC(=O)C1=CC=CO1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H4O3/c6-5(7)4-2-1-3-8-4/h1-3H,(H,6,7)
InChI KeySMNDYUVBFMFKNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as furoic acids. These are organic compounds containing a furoic acid moiety, with a structure characterized by a furan ring bearing a carboxylic acid group at the C2 or C3 carbon atom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassFurans
Sub ClassFuroic acid and derivatives
Direct ParentFuroic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Furoic acid
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point133.5 °CNot Available
Boiling Point230.00 to 232.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility37.1 mg/mL at 15 °CNot Available
LogP0.64POMONA (1987)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified5.0 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified10.0 (1.6-28.0) umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedCancer patients undergoing total body irradiation details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB000951
KNApSAcK IDC00000151
Chemspider ID10251740
KEGG Compound IDC01546
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia Link2-Furoic_acid
METLIN ID2266
PubChem Compound6919
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID30845
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1040161
References
Synthesis ReferenceHurd, Charles D.; Garrett, J. W.; Osborne, E. N. Furan reactions. IV. Furoic acid from furfural. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1933), 55 1082-4.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed:8087979 ]
  2. Pettersen JE, Jellum E: The identification and metabolic origin of 2-furoylglycine and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid in human urine. Clin Chim Acta. 1972 Oct;41:199-207. [PubMed:4630229 ]
  3. Todoriki H, Hayashi T, Naruse H: High-performance liquid chromatographic method for screening disorders of aromatic acid metabolism using a multi-detection system. J Chromatogr. 1984 Oct 12;310(2):273-81. [PubMed:6511847 ]
  4. Tan ZB, Tonks CE, O'Donnell GE, Geyer R: An improved HPLC analysis of the metabolite furoic acid in the urine of workers occupationally exposed to furfural. J Anal Toxicol. 2003 Jan-Feb;27(1):43-6. [PubMed:12587683 ]
  5. Groeseneken D, van Vlem E, Veulemans H, Masschelein R: Gas chromatographic determination of methoxyacetic and ethoxyacetic acid in urine. Br J Ind Med. 1986 Jan;43(1):62-5. [PubMed:3947564 ]
  6. Hall IH, Wong OT, Reynolds DJ, Chang JJ: The hypolipidemic effects of 2-furoic acid in Sprague-Dawley rats. Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 1993 Jan;326(1):15-23. [PubMed:8447721 ]
  7. Shimizu A, Kanisawa M: Experimental studies on hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocarcinogenesis. I. Production of hepatic cirrhosis by furfural administration. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1986 Jul;36(7):1027-38. [PubMed:3751566 ]