Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2021-09-14 15:00:08 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000748 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0000475
- HMDB00475
- HMDB00748
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | L-3-Phenyllactic acid |
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Description | L-3-Phenyllactic acid (or PLA) is a chiral aromatic compound involved in phenylalanine metabolism. It is likely produced from phenylpyruvate via the action of lactate dehydrogenase. The D-form of this organic acid is typically derived from bacterial sources while the L-form is almost certainly endogenous. Levels of phenyllactate are normally very low in blood or urine. High levels of PLA in the urine or blood are often indicative of phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA). PKU is due to lack of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), so that phenylalanine is converted not to tyrosine but to phenylpyruvic acid (a precursor of phenylactate). In particular, excessive phenylalanine is typically metabolized into phenylketones through, a transaminase pathway route involving glutamate. Metabolites of this transamination reaction include phenylacetate, phenylpyruvate and phenethylamine. In persons with PKU, dietary phenylalanine either accumulates in the body or some of it is converted to phenylpyruvic acid and then to phenyllactate through the action of lactate dehydrogenase. Individuals with PKU tend to excrete large quantities of phenylpyruvate, phenylacetate and phenyllactate, along with phenylalanine, in their urine. If untreated, mental retardation effects and microcephaly are evident by the first year along with other symptoms which include: unusual irritability, epileptic seizures and skin lesions. Hyperactivity, EEG abnormalities and seizures, and severe learning disabilities are major clinical problems later in life. A "musty or mousy" odor of skin, hair, sweat and urine (due to phenylacetate accumulation); and a tendency to hypopigmentation and eczema are also observed. The neural-development effects of PKU are primarily due to the disruption of neurotransmitter synthesis. In particular, phenylalanine is a large, neutral amino acid which moves across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via the large neutral amino acid transporter (LNAAT). Excessive phenylalanine in the blood saturates the transporter. Thus, excessive levels of phenylalanine significantly decrease the levels of other LNAAs in the brain. But since these amino acids are required for protein and neurotransmitter synthesis, phenylalanine accumulation disrupts brain development, leading to mental retardation. |
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Structure | O[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C9H10O3/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8,10H,6H2,(H,11,12)/t8-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(R)-Phenyllactate | ChEBI | D-3-Phenyllactic acid | ChEBI | (R)-3-(Phenyl)lactate | Kegg | (R)-Phenyllactic acid | Generator | D-3-Phenyllactate | Generator | (R)-3-(Phenyl)lactic acid | Generator | L-3-Phenyllactate | Generator | (-)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate | HMDB | (-)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid | HMDB | (-)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate | HMDB | (-)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropionic acid | HMDB | (-)-3-Phenyllactate | HMDB | (-)-3-Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | (-)-b-Phenyllactate | HMDB | (-)-b-Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | (-)-beta-Phenyllactate | HMDB | (-)-beta-Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | (2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate | HMDB | (2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid | HMDB | (2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate | HMDB | (2S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropionic acid | HMDB | (S)-3-Phenyl-lactate | HMDB | (S)-3-Phenyl-lactic acid | HMDB | (S)-3-Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | (S)-a-Hydroxy-benzenepropanoate | HMDB | (S)-a-Hydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid | HMDB | (S)-alpha-Hydroxy-benzenepropanoate | HMDB | (S)-alpha-Hydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid | HMDB | (S)-b-Phenyllactic | HMDB | (S)-beta-Phenyllactic | HMDB | alpha-Hydroxy-beta-phenyl-propionic acid | HMDB | HFA | HMDB | L-(-)-3-Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | L-2-Hydroxy-3-phenyl-propionic acid | HMDB | L-beta-Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | L-Phenyl lactate | HMDB | Phenyllactic acid | HMDB | (R)-3-Phenyllactate | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C9H10O3 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 166.1739 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 166.062994186 |
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IUPAC Name | (2R)-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | (R)-phenyllactate |
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CAS Registry Number | 20312-36-1 |
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SMILES | O[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C9H10O3/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8,10H,6H2,(H,11,12)/t8-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | VOXXWSYKYCBWHO-MRVPVSSYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Phenylpropanoids and polyketides |
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Class | Phenylpropanoic acids |
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Sub Class | Not Available |
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Direct Parent | Phenylpropanoic acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
- Alpha-hydroxy acid
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Hydroxy acid
- Benzenoid
- Secondary alcohol
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic oxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Carbonyl group
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Not Available | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 121 - 125 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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L-3-Phenyllactic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)O[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O | 1550.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | L-3-Phenyllactic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1500.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | L-3-Phenyllactic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1570.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | L-3-Phenyllactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)O[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O | 1783.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | L-3-Phenyllactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1738.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | L-3-Phenyllactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2043.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0007-0910000000-ee61dd1edcb64a115835 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0007-0920000000-7efa1766fa6121c5f695 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0007-0910000000-ee61dd1edcb64a115835 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9300000000-750e52d0df9e2b90be09 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-006x-9540000000-c06e2865c7cf1c780f11 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-00di-0900000000-c20feab32f47edc5bb94 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0f89-9500000000-598d564a5c5cb5a6febb | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0ac0-9000000000-32b5f6f43141f16996a4 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0kmi-1900000000-9df5ce396877a246e75a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0ufr-5900000000-3ebebc6c015723d2e26d | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-09797df3a57ff3212fae | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-55faf2887a4699d775df | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-002f-9000000000-5e9184f3d8f3a1c84cb5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-1900000000-2173c51c5d8f4369c56a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014r-1900000000-30445b1c1ad4ff6c6cfe | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-68f9968ec4336192e093 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00mo-9400000000-3fc7b7dbdcdb0c24a718 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00ke-1900000000-b4165543fe4077bc8878 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-006y-4900000000-9cc77ecfa0e908d400f3 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9100000000-8e08ba85783d44c725b8 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-c5b01c647718505d882a | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-01bd-2900000000-2cd5c47ea7b35f76e87b | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00mo-9300000000-22457d19a65466f8e94d | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00dl-5900000000-eb26ccce038261968168 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9300000000-aa44337c740dacf05e9c | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9100000000-6509f4478fff1766b65a | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-3900000000-15a50bcc903d54af3f43 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9400000000-0d7b49d15700ae266645 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - L-3-Phenyllactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9300000000-ca99933d289067e5347a | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.427 +/- 0.354 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.596 +/- 0.337 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0-82.9 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Phenylketonuria | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Phenylketonuria |
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- Clemens PC, Schunemann MH, Hoffmann GF, Kohlschutter A: Plasma concentrations of phenyllactic acid in phenylketonuria. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1990;13(2):227-8. [PubMed:2116554 ]
| Colorectal cancer |
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- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB022220 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00000150 |
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Chemspider ID | 558480 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C05607 |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 643327 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 32978 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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General References | - Tekewe A, Singh S, Singh M, Mohan U, Banerjee UC: Development and validation of HPLC method for the resolution of drug intermediates: DL-3-Phenyllactic acid, DL-O-acetyl-3-phenyllactic acid and (+/-)-mexiletine acetamide enantiomers. Talanta. 2008 Mar 15;75(1):239-45. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2007.11.004. Epub 2007 Nov 13. [PubMed:18371874 ]
- (). Andrew D. Abell, John W. Blunt, Glenn J. Foulds and Murray H. G. Munro Chemistry of the mycalamides: antiviral and antitumour compounds from a New Zealand marine sponge. Part 6.1–3 The synthesis and testing of analogues of the C(7)–C(10) fragment. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1997, 1647 - 1654,. .
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