Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:15:14 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000847 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Pelargonic acid |
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Description | Pelargonic acid, or nonanoic acid, is a fatty acid which occurs naturally as esters is the oil of pelargonium. Synthetic esters, such as methyl nonanoate, are used as flavorings. Pelargonic acid is an organic compound composed of a nine-carbon chain terminating in a carboxylic acid. It is an oily liquid with an unpleasant, rancid odor. It is nearly insoluble in water, but well soluble in chloroform and ether. The derivative 4-nonanoylmorpholine is an ingredient in some pepper sprays. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C9H18O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9(10)11/h2-8H2,1H3,(H,10,11) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1-Nonanoic acid | ChEBI | 1-Octanecarboxylic acid | ChEBI | CH3-[CH2]7-COOH | ChEBI | N-Nonanoic acid | ChEBI | Nonanoate | ChEBI | Nonansaeure | ChEBI | Nonoic acid | ChEBI | Nonylic acid | ChEBI | Pelargic acid | ChEBI | Pelargon | ChEBI | Pelargonsaeure | ChEBI | Pergonic acid | ChEBI | 1-Nonanoate | Generator | 1-Octanecarboxylate | Generator | N-Nonanoate | Generator | Nonanoic acid | Generator | Nonoate | Generator | Nonylate | Generator | Pelargate | Generator | Pergonate | Generator | Pelargonate | Generator | Cirrasol 185a | HMDB | Emery 1202 | HMDB | Emery'S L-114 | HMDB | Emfac 1202 | HMDB | Hexacid C-9 | HMDB | N-Nonoate | HMDB | N-Nonoic acid | HMDB | N-Nonylate | HMDB | N-Nonylic acid | HMDB | N-Pelargonate | HMDB | N-Pelargonic acid | HMDB | Pelargonic acid, calcium salt | HMDB | Potassium nonanoate | HMDB | Pelargonic acid, cadmium salt | HMDB | Pelargonic acid, sodium salt | HMDB | Pelargonic acid, zinc salt | HMDB | Pelargonic acid, aluminum salt | HMDB | Pelargonic acid, potassium salt | HMDB | FA(9:0) | HMDB | Pelargonic acid | ChEBI |
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Chemical Formula | C9H18O2 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 158.238 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 158.13067982 |
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IUPAC Name | nonanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | nonanoic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 112-05-0 |
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SMILES | CCCCCCCCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C9H18O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9(10)11/h2-8H2,1H3,(H,10,11) |
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InChI Key | FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Medium-chain fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Medium-chain fatty acid
- Straight chain fatty acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Liquid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 12.3 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 0.28 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | 3.42 | SANGSTER (1993) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-0910000000-29827f2f9240f991b625 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (1 TMS) | splash10-014i-2920000000-8730f6690cd20a58fcfc | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-03di-9200000000-0842bd1d3fcea3f9f005 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-08ml-9000000000-f9b45b786372be8b75d6 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-0930000000-30578d3edfa20cedf0e8 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-0910000000-29827f2f9240f991b625 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-2920000000-8730f6690cd20a58fcfc | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-0910000000-2e292fa3a6e414ce582a | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-059f-9100000000-aaba2a9436e55f8d4c46 | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-06du-9200000000-bffc58a95ef321200ab9 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-08ml-9000000000-e02b73fd7a397aa0b40b | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0k9l-9400000000-fb4f24d4e9b0b4685763 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-a3d26c56923a3cdddf9c | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-a6e0c758ef2e822a5d73 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-9200000000-0842bd1d3fcea3f9f005 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-08ml-9000000000-141c2435131c4b235390 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-2ea046a2e7b029c3cd81 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-1efff6d47779ec04f434 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-bcf3e35c2fbd86e670f0 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-056r-9000000000-9c72ae1d7f8e978ec7f8 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-c052a9b360e11f6a6eb9 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-2ea046a2e7b029c3cd81 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-1efff6d47779ec04f434 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-bcf3e35c2fbd86e670f0 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-056r-9000000000-9c72ae1d7f8e978ec7f8 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-c052a9b360e11f6a6eb9 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid LC-ESI-IT , negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-b56762cc671f243abe6f | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014r-9000000000-ae54c10a9e1b7264831e | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052r-9500000000-65dcbde71c36004a3676 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-8ddcc5d65e84f9048b88 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-2b95d53127d2c88c6b0c | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-06r6-6900000000-e3f666b3dcf9b3b1c2fe | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052f-9000000000-8432ab96716adadb8d13 | 2015-04-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-32f3915adea9c27b0b74 | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0bti-1900000000-2ffdf4f1d36a54e86be1 | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Pelargonic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9200000000-647e33e0c7198b77f78b | 2015-04-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | |
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Biospecimen Locations | - Blood
- Feces
- Saliva
- Sweat
- Urine
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Tissue Locations | |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Available | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Sweat | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Schizophrenia | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohn's disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Bladder cancer | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Schizophrenia |
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- Koike S, Bundo M, Iwamoto K, Suga M, Kuwabara H, Ohashi Y, Shinoda K, Takano Y, Iwashiro N, Satomura Y, Nagai T, Natsubori T, Tada M, Yamasue H, Kasai K: A snapshot of plasma metabolites in first-episode schizophrenia: a capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry study. Transl Psychiatry. 2014 Apr 8;4:e379. doi: 10.1038/tp.2014.19. [PubMed:24713860 ]
| Ulcerative colitis |
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- De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
| Crohn's disease |
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- De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
| Colorectal cancer |
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- Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB003306 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00030829 |
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Chemspider ID | 7866 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C01601 |
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BioCyc ID | CPD-8505 |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Nonanoic_acid |
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METLIN ID | 5810 |
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PubChem Compound | 8158 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 29019 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | C01601 |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Yu, Zhongjiang; Wang, Jinglin; Shi, Zhiming. Industrial process for producing azelaic acid and nonanoic acid. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2007), 8pp. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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General References | - Kuzmina N, Duval C, Johnsson S, Boman A, Lindberg M, Emtestam L: Assessment of irritant skin reactions using electrical impedance--a comparison between 2 laboratories. Contact Dermatitis. 2003 Jul;49(1):26-31. [PubMed:14641117 ]
- Willis CM, Stephens CJ, Wilkinson JD: Epidermal damage induced by irritants in man: a light and electron microscopic study. J Invest Dermatol. 1989 Nov;93(5):695-9. [PubMed:2794551 ]
- Anveden I, Lindberg M, Andersen KE, Bruze M, Isaksson M, Liden C, Sommerlund M, Wahlberg JE, Wilkinson JD, Willis CM: Oral prednisone suppresses allergic but not irritant patch test reactions in individuals hypersensitive to nickel. Contact Dermatitis. 2004 May;50(5):298-303. [PubMed:15209811 ]
- Wahlberg JE, Lindberg M: Nonanoic acid--an experimental irritant. Contact Dermatitis. 2003 Sep;49(3):117-23. [PubMed:14678207 ]
- Dowd PM, Kobza Black A, Woollard PM, Camp RD, Greaves MW: Cutaneous responses to 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). J Invest Dermatol. 1985 Jun;84(6):537-41. [PubMed:3998504 ]
- Fullerton A, Rode B, Serup J: Skin irritation typing and grading based on laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Skin Res Technol. 2002 Feb;8(1):23-31. [PubMed:12005117 ]
- Agner T, Serup J: Individual and instrumental variations in irritant patch-test reactions--clinical evaluation and quantification by bioengineering methods. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1990 Jan;15(1):29-33. [PubMed:2311276 ]
- Matsuura E, Kobayashi K, Koike T, Shoenfeld Y: Autoantibody-mediated atherosclerosis. Autoimmun Rev. 2002 Dec;1(6):348-53. [PubMed:12848990 ]
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