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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:46:24 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000868
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0006212
  • HMDB00868
  • HMDB06212
Metabolite Identification
Common NameXylulose 5-phosphate
DescriptionXylulose 5-phosphate (Xu-5-P) is a metabolite of the hexose monophosphate pathway that activates protein phosphatase 2A to mediate the acute effects of carbohydrate feeding on the glycolytic pathway, as well as the coordinate long-term control of the enzymes required for fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. Xu-5-P is the signal for the coordinated control of lipogenesis. Feeding carbohydrate causes levels of liver glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P), and Fructose-6-phosphate (Fru-6-P) to rise. Elevation of Fru-6-P leads to elevation of Xu-5-P in reactions catalyzed by the near-equilibrium isomerases of the nonoxidative portion of the hexose monophosphate pathway (ribulose 5-phosphate (Ru5P) epimerase [EC 5.1.3.1], ribose 5-phosphate (Rib5P) isomerase [EC 5.3.1.6], transaldolase [EC 2.2.1.2], and transketolase [EC 2.2.1.1]). The elevation of Xu-5-P is the coordinating signal that both acutely activates phosphofructokinase [PFK; EC 2.7.1.11] in glycolysis and promotes the action of the transcription factor carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) to increase transcription of the genes for the enzymes of lipogenesis, the hexose monophosphate shunt, and glycolysis, all of which are required for the de novo synthesis of fat. (PMID 12721358 ).
Structure
Data?1592414394
Synonyms
ValueSource
5-O-Phosphono-D-threo-pentos-2-uloseChEBI
5-O-Phosphono-D-xyluloseChEBI
D-Xylulose-5-phosphateChEBI
D-Xylulose-5-phosphoric acidGenerator
Xylulose 5-phosphoric acidGenerator
D-Xylulose 5-phosphateHMDB
D-Xylulose 5-PO4HMDB
D-Xylulose-5-PHMDB
Xu-5-PHMDB
Xylulose-PHMDB
Xylulose-phosphateHMDB
Xylulose-5-phosphateMeSH, HMDB
Xylulose-5-phosphate, (D)-isomerMeSH, HMDB
Xylulose 5-phosphateHMDB
keto-D-Xylulose 5-phosphateHMDB
Chemical FormulaC5H11O8P
Average Molecular Weight230.1098
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight230.01915384
IUPAC Name{[(2R,3S)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-4-oxopentyl]oxy}phosphonic acid
Traditional Nameribulose-5-phosphate
CAS Registry Number4212-65-1
SMILES
OCC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H11O8P/c6-1-3(7)5(9)4(8)2-13-14(10,11)12/h4-6,8-9H,1-2H2,(H2,10,11,12)/t4-,5-/m1/s1
InChI KeyFNZLKVNUWIIPSJ-RFZPGFLSSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pentose phosphates. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a pentose substituted by one or more phosphate groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentPentose phosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Pentose-5-phosphate
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Acyloin
  • Beta-hydroxy ketone
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Ketone
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Primary alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
Biospecimen Locations
  • Cellular Cytoplasm
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
Cellular CytoplasmDetected and Quantified0.43 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB04034
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022290
KNApSAcK IDC00019693
Chemspider ID388330
KEGG Compound IDC00231
BioCyc IDXYLULOSE-5-PHOSPHATE
BiGG ID34329
Wikipedia LinkXylulose 5-phosphate
METLIN ID5829
PubChem Compound439190
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16332
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDXU5P_D
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceShaeri, Jobin; Wohlgemuth, Roland; Woodley, John M. Semiquantitative Process Screening for the Biocatalytic Synthesis of D-Xylulose-5-phosphate. Organic Process Research & Development (2006), 10(3), 605-610.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Nakayama Y, Kinoshita A, Tomita M: Dynamic simulation of red blood cell metabolism and its application to the analysis of a pathological condition. Theor Biol Med Model. 2005 May 9;2:18. [PubMed:15882454 ]
  2. Sanchez B, Champomier-Verges MC, Anglade P, Baraige F, de Los Reyes-Gavilan CG, Margolles A, Zagorec M: Proteomic analysis of global changes in protein expression during bile salt exposure of Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 8809. J Bacteriol. 2005 Aug;187(16):5799-808. [PubMed:16077128 ]
  3. Williams DG: Effect of added xylulose-5-phosphate on the assay of erythrocyte transketolase. Clin Chem. 1977 Jul;23(7):1368. [PubMed:872397 ]
  4. Himmo SD, Thomson M, Gubler CJ: Isolation of transketolase from human erythrocytes. Prep Biochem. 1988;18(3):261-76. [PubMed:3237644 ]
  5. Veech RL: A humble hexose monophosphate pathway metabolite regulates short- and long-term control of lipogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 13;100(10):5578-80. Epub 2003 Apr 29. [PubMed:12721358 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (By similarity).
Gene Name:
TKTL1
Uniprot ID:
P51854
Molecular weight:
59302.195
Reactions
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Ribose 5-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Erythrose 4-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Ribose 5-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Erythrose 4-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate.
Gene Name:
TKT
Uniprot ID:
P29401
Molecular weight:
67876.95
Reactions
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Ribose 5-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Erythrose 4-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Ribose 5-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Erythrose 4-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
XYLB
Uniprot ID:
O75191
Molecular weight:
58381.695
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + D-Xylulose → ADP + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
RPE
Uniprot ID:
Q53TV9
Molecular weight:
19537.4
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reversible epimerization of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
Gene Name:
RPE
Uniprot ID:
Q96AT9
Molecular weight:
19537.385
Reactions
D-Ribulose 5-phosphate → Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Plays an essential role in total transketolase activity and cell proliferation in cancer cells; after transfection with anti-TKTL1 siRNA, total transketolase activity dramatically decreases and proliferation was significantly inhibited in cancer cells. Plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis.
Gene Name:
TKTL2
Uniprot ID:
Q9H0I9
Molecular weight:
67876.625
Reactions
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Ribose 5-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Erythrose 4-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Ribose 5-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate → D-Erythrose 4-phosphate + Xylulose 5-phosphatedetails