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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:47:11 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000913
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00913
Metabolite Identification
Common NameVanillactic acid
DescriptionVanillactic acid, also known as vanillactate or VLA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid. Vanillactic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Vanillactic acid has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Vanillactic acid is an acidic catecholamine metabolite present in normal human urine (PMID 7524950 ), in normal human CSF (PMID 7914240 ), and increased in the CSF of newborns with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy mimicking aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (PMID 12200739 ).
Structure
Data?1582752164
Synonyms
ValueSource
VanillactateGenerator
3-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)lactateHMDB
3-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)lactic acidHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-lactateHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-lactic acidHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactateHMDB
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactic acidHMDB
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyllactateHMDB
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyllactic acidHMDB
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyllactic acidHMDB
b-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactateHMDB
b-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactic acidHMDB
beta-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactateHMDB
beta-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactic acidHMDB
VanillyllactateHMDB
Vanillyllactic acidHMDB
VLAHMDB
Vanillylactic acidHMDB
2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoateHMDB
Vanillactic acidMeSH
Chemical FormulaC10H12O5
Average Molecular Weight212.1993
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight212.068473494
IUPAC Name2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid
Traditional Namevanillactic acid
CAS Registry Number2475-56-1
SMILES
COC1=CC(CC(O)C(O)=O)=CC=C1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H12O5/c1-15-9-5-6(2-3-7(9)11)4-8(12)10(13)14/h2-3,5,8,11-12H,4H2,1H3,(H,13,14)
InChI KeySVYIZYRTOYHQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassPhenylpropanoic acids
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentPhenylpropanoic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Methoxyphenol
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Anisole
  • Methoxybenzene
  • Phenol ether
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Phenol
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Ether
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility4.3 g/LALOGPS
logP1.08ALOGPS
logP0.72ChemAxon
logS-1.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.37ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.8ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area86.99 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity51.9 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability20.58 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+150.75631661259
DarkChem[M-H]-149.1531661259
AllCCS[M+H]+147.58532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-145.24232859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+145.45530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-143.09730932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-177.65630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+152.85930932474
AllCCS[M+H]+147.632859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+143.632859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+151.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+152.432859911
AllCCS[M-H]-145.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-145.832859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-146.532859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Vanillactic acidCOC1=CC(CC(O)C(O)=O)=CC=C1O3545.4Standard polar33892256
Vanillactic acidCOC1=CC(CC(O)C(O)=O)=CC=C1O1921.9Standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acidCOC1=CC(CC(O)C(O)=O)=CC=C1O1889.9Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Vanillactic acid,1TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O1969.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,1TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O1904.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,1TMS,isomer #3COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C1958.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,2TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O1947.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,2TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C1999.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,2TMS,isomer #3COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C1988.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,3TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C2006.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O2240.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O2169.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #3COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2233.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O2449.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2500.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #3COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2479.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Vanillactic acid,3TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2690.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00ku-2900000000-69c1daf79bf136cbeda82017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-03ki-9135400000-66bd27980748dec489322017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_3_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-014j-0900000000-286fd6a398d981fb304b2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-004l-9500000000-e5d908b43c53fa144f042012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-00or-9000000000-9c1d1b75d20954fa5e7f2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-2590000000-950900f4d05879b388132017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-01bl-2910000000-04db11413f60bdfdb5602017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00dr-5900000000-470f97906aa1018f9b732017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03fr-9480000000-528dd14b88a108965ec92021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-05g0-5900000000-4c7476268c7a3c11a1312021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0ab9-3930000000-2725f9ff3e03c2076f862021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-029b-0930000000-358780a634f9b76c8ffd2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00ks-0900000000-a0c9e1c6055d07eff5fb2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0abi-4900000000-98f74ecb570f22a3ab2e2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03ds-0950000000-178e1e266b1f63c6ec8e2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-0900000000-95be65594bf90008ecaa2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kr-9800000000-46f5d9fc7bb2d38b67662021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)2012-12-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot Available
Normal
      Not Available
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.83-1.2 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.75-0.93 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.0933 (0.00-0.187) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
UrineDetected and Quantified11.3 umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)Female
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency
details
UrineDetected and Quantified12.7 umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1-13 years old)Female
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency
  1. Abeling NG, van Gennip AH, Barth PG, van Cruchten A, Westra M, Wijburg FA: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: a new case with a mild clinical presentation and unexpected laboratory findings. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1998 Jun;21(3):240-2. [PubMed:9686366 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 608643 (Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency)
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022315
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID141152
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN ID5868
PubChem Compound160637
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID1240674
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceWong, Henry N. C.; Xu, Zun Le; Chang, Hson Mou; Lee, Chi Ming. Compounds from Danshen. 6. A modified synthesis of (±)-b-aryllactic acids. Synthesis (1992), (8), 793-7.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Javors MA, Bowden CL, Maas JW: 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and homovanillic acid in human cerebrospinal fluid. Storage and measurement by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and coulometric detection using 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid as an internal standard. J Chromatogr. 1984 Dec 12;336(2):259-69. [PubMed:6085084 ]
  2. Mashige F, Ohkubo A, Matsushima Y, Takano M, Tsuchiya E, Kanazawa H, Nagata Y, Takai N, Shinozuka N, Sakuma I: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of catecholamine metabolites and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in human urine using a mixed-mode column and an eight-channel electrode electrochemical detector. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Aug 5;658(1):63-8. [PubMed:7524950 ]
  3. Hyland K, Clayton PT: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: diagnostic methodology. Clin Chem. 1992 Dec;38(12):2405-10. [PubMed:1281049 ]
  4. Muskiet FA, Fremouw-Ottevangers DC, van der Meulen J, Wolthers BG, de Vries JA: Determination of some L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and dopamine metabolites in urine by means of mass fragmentography. Clin Chem. 1978 Jan;24(1):122-7. [PubMed:73430 ]
  5. Abdenur JE, Abeling N, Specola N, Jorge L, Schenone AB, van Cruchten AC, Chamoles NA: Aromatic l-aminoacid decarboxylase deficiency: unusual neonatal presentation and additional findings in organic acid analysis. Mol Genet Metab. 2006 Jan;87(1):48-53. Epub 2005 Nov 9. [PubMed:16288991 ]
  6. Ikeda H, Matsuyama S, Suzuki N, Takahashi A, Kuroiwa M: 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) decarboxylase deficiency and resultant high levels of plasma DOPA and dopamine in unfavorable neuroblastoma. Hypertens Res. 1995 Jun;18 Suppl 1:S209-10. [PubMed:8529065 ]
  7. Kinoshita Y, Yamada S, Haraguchi K, Takayanagi T, Mori Y, Takahashi T, Haruki E: Determination of vanillylmandelic acid, vanillactic acid, and homovanillic acid in dried urine on filter-paper discs by high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric electrochemical detection for neuroblastoma screening. Clin Chem. 1988 Nov;34(11):2228-30. [PubMed:3180413 ]
  8. Jouve J, Bakri D, Herault J, Muh JP: Determination of urinary vanillactic acid and plasma dihydroxyphenylalanine as markers of non-secreting neuroblastoma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jul 5;567(2):331-41. [PubMed:1939466 ]
  9. Tuchman M, Stoeckeler JS: Conjugated versus "free" acidic metabolites of catecholamines in random urine samples: significance for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Pediatr Res. 1988 Jun;23(6):576-9. [PubMed:3393388 ]
  10. Mashige F, Takai N, Matsushima Y, Ito A, Takano M, Tsuchiya E, Kanazawa H, Nagata Y, Shinozuka N, Wada H, et al.: [Simultaneous determination of catecholamines, serotonin, and their precursors and metabolites in body fluid by an HPLC system with multi-electrode electrochemical detector]. Rinsho Byori. 1994 Jun;42(6):591-9. [PubMed:7914240 ]
  11. Brautigam C, Hyland K, Wevers R, Sharma R, Wagner L, Stock GJ, Heitmann F, Hoffmann GF: Clinical and laboratory findings in twins with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy mimicking aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Neuropediatrics. 2002 Jun;33(3):113-7. [PubMed:12200739 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs and xenobiotic compounds. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Sulfates hydroxysteroids like DHEA. Isoform 1 preferentially sulfonates cholesterol, and isoform 2 avidly sulfonates pregnenolone but not cholesterol.
Gene Name:
SULT2B1
Uniprot ID:
O00204
Molecular weight:
39598.595
Reactions
Vanillactic acid → 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(sulfooxy)propanoic aciddetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
Reactions
Vanillactic acid → 6-[4-(2-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic aciddetails
Vanillactic acid → 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-{[2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoyl]oxy}oxane-2-carboxylic aciddetails
General function:
sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of phenolic monoamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin) and phenolic and catechol drugs.
Gene Name:
SULT1A3
Uniprot ID:
P0DMM9
Molecular weight:
34195.96
Reactions
Vanillactic acid → 2-hydroxy-3-[3-methoxy-4-(sulfooxy)phenyl]propanoic aciddetails