Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2021-09-14 15:47:11 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000913 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Vanillactic acid |
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Description | Vanillactic acid, also known as vanillactate or VLA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid. Vanillactic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Vanillactic acid has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Vanillactic acid is an acidic catecholamine metabolite present in normal human urine (PMID 7524950 ), in normal human CSF (PMID 7914240 ), and increased in the CSF of newborns with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy mimicking aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (PMID 12200739 ). |
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Structure | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(O)=O)=CC=C1O InChI=1S/C10H12O5/c1-15-9-5-6(2-3-7(9)11)4-8(12)10(13)14/h2-3,5,8,11-12H,4H2,1H3,(H,13,14) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Vanillactate | Generator | 3-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate | HMDB | 3-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid | HMDB | 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-lactate | HMDB | 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-lactic acid | HMDB | 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactate | HMDB | 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactic acid | HMDB | 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyllactate | HMDB | 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid | HMDB | 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyllactic acid | HMDB | b-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactate | HMDB | b-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactic acid | HMDB | beta-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactate | HMDB | beta-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)lactic acid | HMDB | Vanillyllactate | HMDB | Vanillyllactic acid | HMDB | VLA | HMDB | Vanillylactic acid | HMDB | 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoate | HMDB | Vanillactic acid | MeSH |
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Chemical Formula | C10H12O5 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 212.1993 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 212.068473494 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | vanillactic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 2475-56-1 |
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SMILES | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(O)=O)=CC=C1O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H12O5/c1-15-9-5-6(2-3-7(9)11)4-8(12)10(13)14/h2-3,5,8,11-12H,4H2,1H3,(H,13,14) |
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InChI Key | SVYIZYRTOYHQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Phenylpropanoids and polyketides |
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Class | Phenylpropanoic acids |
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Sub Class | Not Available |
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Direct Parent | Phenylpropanoic acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
- Methoxyphenol
- Phenoxy compound
- Anisole
- Methoxybenzene
- Phenol ether
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Alkyl aryl ether
- Phenol
- Alpha-hydroxy acid
- Benzenoid
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Hydroxy acid
- Secondary alcohol
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Ether
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carbonyl group
- Organooxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Vanillactic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O | 1969.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O | 1904.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,1TMS,isomer #3 | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C | 1958.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O | 1947.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,2TMS,isomer #2 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C | 1999.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,2TMS,isomer #3 | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C | 1988.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,3TMS,isomer #1 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C | 2006.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O | 2240.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O | 2169.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #3 | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2233.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O | 2449.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2500.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #3 | COC1=CC(CC(O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2479.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Vanillactic acid,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | COC1=CC(CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2690.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00ku-2900000000-69c1daf79bf136cbeda8 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-03ki-9135400000-66bd27980748dec48932 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_2) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_3) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_3_1) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-11-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-014j-0900000000-286fd6a398d981fb304b | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-004l-9500000000-e5d908b43c53fa144f04 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-00or-9000000000-9c1d1b75d20954fa5e7f | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03di-2590000000-950900f4d05879b38813 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-01bl-2910000000-04db11413f60bdfdb560 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00dr-5900000000-470f97906aa1018f9b73 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03fr-9480000000-528dd14b88a108965ec9 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-05g0-5900000000-4c7476268c7a3c11a131 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0ab9-3930000000-2725f9ff3e03c2076f86 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-029b-0930000000-358780a634f9b76c8ffd | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00ks-0900000000-a0c9e1c6055d07eff5fb | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0abi-4900000000-98f74ecb570f22a3ab2e | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03ds-0950000000-178e1e266b1f63c6ec8e | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-000i-0900000000-95be65594bf90008ecaa | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Vanillactic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kr-9800000000-46f5d9fc7bb2d38b6766 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.83-1.2 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.75-0.93 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.0933 (0.00-0.187) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Urine | Detected and Quantified | 11.3 umol/mmol creatinine | Infant (0-1 year old) | Female | Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 12.7 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Female | Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency |
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- Abeling NG, van Gennip AH, Barth PG, van Cruchten A, Westra M, Wijburg FA: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: a new case with a mild clinical presentation and unexpected laboratory findings. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1998 Jun;21(3):240-2. [PubMed:9686366 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | - 608643 (Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency)
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB022315 |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | 141152 |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | 5868 |
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PubChem Compound | 160637 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 1240674 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Wong, Henry N. C.; Xu, Zun Le; Chang, Hson Mou; Lee, Chi Ming. Compounds from Danshen. 6. A modified synthesis of (±)-b-aryllactic acids. Synthesis (1992), (8), 793-7. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Javors MA, Bowden CL, Maas JW: 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and homovanillic acid in human cerebrospinal fluid. Storage and measurement by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and coulometric detection using 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid as an internal standard. J Chromatogr. 1984 Dec 12;336(2):259-69. [PubMed:6085084 ]
- Mashige F, Ohkubo A, Matsushima Y, Takano M, Tsuchiya E, Kanazawa H, Nagata Y, Takai N, Shinozuka N, Sakuma I: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of catecholamine metabolites and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in human urine using a mixed-mode column and an eight-channel electrode electrochemical detector. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Aug 5;658(1):63-8. [PubMed:7524950 ]
- Hyland K, Clayton PT: Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: diagnostic methodology. Clin Chem. 1992 Dec;38(12):2405-10. [PubMed:1281049 ]
- Muskiet FA, Fremouw-Ottevangers DC, van der Meulen J, Wolthers BG, de Vries JA: Determination of some L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and dopamine metabolites in urine by means of mass fragmentography. Clin Chem. 1978 Jan;24(1):122-7. [PubMed:73430 ]
- Abdenur JE, Abeling N, Specola N, Jorge L, Schenone AB, van Cruchten AC, Chamoles NA: Aromatic l-aminoacid decarboxylase deficiency: unusual neonatal presentation and additional findings in organic acid analysis. Mol Genet Metab. 2006 Jan;87(1):48-53. Epub 2005 Nov 9. [PubMed:16288991 ]
- Ikeda H, Matsuyama S, Suzuki N, Takahashi A, Kuroiwa M: 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) decarboxylase deficiency and resultant high levels of plasma DOPA and dopamine in unfavorable neuroblastoma. Hypertens Res. 1995 Jun;18 Suppl 1:S209-10. [PubMed:8529065 ]
- Kinoshita Y, Yamada S, Haraguchi K, Takayanagi T, Mori Y, Takahashi T, Haruki E: Determination of vanillylmandelic acid, vanillactic acid, and homovanillic acid in dried urine on filter-paper discs by high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric electrochemical detection for neuroblastoma screening. Clin Chem. 1988 Nov;34(11):2228-30. [PubMed:3180413 ]
- Jouve J, Bakri D, Herault J, Muh JP: Determination of urinary vanillactic acid and plasma dihydroxyphenylalanine as markers of non-secreting neuroblastoma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jul 5;567(2):331-41. [PubMed:1939466 ]
- Tuchman M, Stoeckeler JS: Conjugated versus "free" acidic metabolites of catecholamines in random urine samples: significance for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Pediatr Res. 1988 Jun;23(6):576-9. [PubMed:3393388 ]
- Mashige F, Takai N, Matsushima Y, Ito A, Takano M, Tsuchiya E, Kanazawa H, Nagata Y, Shinozuka N, Wada H, et al.: [Simultaneous determination of catecholamines, serotonin, and their precursors and metabolites in body fluid by an HPLC system with multi-electrode electrochemical detector]. Rinsho Byori. 1994 Jun;42(6):591-9. [PubMed:7914240 ]
- Brautigam C, Hyland K, Wevers R, Sharma R, Wagner L, Stock GJ, Heitmann F, Hoffmann GF: Clinical and laboratory findings in twins with neonatal epileptic encephalopathy mimicking aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency. Neuropediatrics. 2002 Jun;33(3):113-7. [PubMed:12200739 ]
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