Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-02-16 09:20:18 UTC |
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Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:10 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0001850 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0014799
- HMDB01850
- HMDB14799
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Verapamil |
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Description | Verapamil is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent. [PubChem]Verapamil inhibits voltage-dependent calcium channels. Specifically, its effect on L-type calcium channels in the heart causes a reduction in ionotropy and chronotropy, thuis reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Verapamil's mechanism of effect in cluster headache is thought to be linked to its calcium-channel blocker effect, but which channel subtypes are involved is presently not known. [PubChem] Calcium channel antagonists can be quite toxic. In the management of poisoning, early recognition is critical. Calcium channel antagonists are frequently prescribed, and the potential for serious morbidity and mortality with over dosage is significant. Ingestion of these agents should be suspected in any patient who presents in an overdose situation with unexplained hypotension and conduction abnormalities. The potential for toxicity should be noted in patients with underlying hepatic or renal dysfunction who are receiving therapeutic doses. (PMID 8213877 ). |
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Structure | COC1=C(OC)C=C(CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2)C=C1 InChI=1S/C27H38N2O4/c1-20(2)27(19-28,22-10-12-24(31-5)26(18-22)33-7)14-8-15-29(3)16-13-21-9-11-23(30-4)25(17-21)32-6/h9-12,17-18,20H,8,13-16H2,1-7H3 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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CP-165331Verapamil | HMDB | Covera-HS | HMDB | Verelan | HMDB | Isoptin | HMDB | D-365Iproveratril | HMDB | CP-16533-1Calan | HMDB | Tarka | HMDB | Akilen | HMDB | Anpec | HMDB | Apo-verap | HMDB | Arpamyl LP | HMDB | Berkatens | HMDB | Calan | HMDB | Calan SR | HMDB | Calaptin | HMDB | Calaptin 240 SR | HMDB | Calcan | HMDB | Cardiabeltin | HMDB | Cardiagutt | HMDB | Cardibeltin | HMDB | Cardioprotect | HMDB | Caveril | HMDB | Civicor | HMDB | Civicor retard | HMDB | Coraver | HMDB | Cordilox | HMDB | Cordilox SR | HMDB | Corpamil | HMDB | D-365 | HMDB | delta-365 | HMDB | Dignover | HMDB | Dilacoran | HMDB | Dilacoran hta | HMDB | Durasoptin | HMDB | Elthon | HMDB | Falicard | HMDB | Finoptin | HMDB | Flamon | HMDB | Geangin | HMDB | Harteze | HMDB | Hexasoptin | HMDB | Hexasoptin retard | HMDB | Hormitol | HMDB | Ikacor | HMDB | Ikapress | HMDB | Inselon | HMDB | Iproveratril | HMDB | Isoptin retard | HMDB | Isoptin SR | HMDB | Isoptine | HMDB | Isoptino | HMDB | Isotopin | HMDB | Izoptin | HMDB | Jenapamil | HMDB | Lekoptin | HMDB | Lodixal | HMDB | Magotiron | HMDB | Manidon | HMDB | Manidon retard | HMDB | Novapamyl LP | HMDB | Novo-veramil | HMDB | Nu-verap | HMDB | Ormil | HMDB | Praecicor | HMDB | Quasar | HMDB | Rapam | HMDB | Robatelan | HMDB | Securon | HMDB | Univer | HMDB | Univex | HMDB | Vasolan | HMDB | Vasomil | HMDB | Vasopten | HMDB | Vera-sanorania | HMDB | Verabeta | HMDB | Veracaps SR | HMDB | Veracor | HMDB | Verahexal | HMDB | Veraloc | HMDB | Veramex | HMDB | Veramil | HMDB | Verapamil acis | HMDB | Verapamil al | HMDB | Verapamil atid | HMDB | Verapamil basics | HMDB | Verapamil ebewe | HMDB | Verapamil HCL | HMDB | Verapamil henning | HMDB | Verapamil injection | HMDB | Verapamil MSD | HMDB | Verapamil NM | HMDB | Verapamil NM pharma | HMDB | Verapamil nordic | HMDB | Verapamil PB | HMDB | Verapamil riker | HMDB | Verapamil SR | HMDB | Verapamil verla | HMDB | Verapamil-abz | HMDB | Verapamilo | HMDB | Verapamilum | HMDB | Verapin | HMDB | Verapress 240 SR | HMDB | Verasal | HMDB | Verasifar | HMDB | Veratensin | HMDB | Verdilac | HMDB | Verelan PM | HMDB | Verelan SR | HMDB | Veroptinstada | HMDB | Verpamil | HMDB | Vetrimil | HMDB | Vortac | HMDB | Dexverapamil | HMDB | Hydrochloride, verapamil | HMDB | Sandoz brand OF verapamil | HMDB | Verapamil hydrochloride | HMDB | Verapamil sandoz brand | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C27H38N2O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 454.6016 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 454.283157714 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile |
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Traditional Name | veraβ |
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CAS Registry Number | 52-53-9 |
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SMILES | COC1=C(OC)C=C(CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C2)C=C1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C27H38N2O4/c1-20(2)27(19-28,22-10-12-24(31-5)26(18-22)33-7)14-8-15-29(3)16-13-21-9-11-23(30-4)25(17-21)32-6/h9-12,17-18,20H,8,13-16H2,1-7H3 |
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InChI Key | SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylbutylamines. Phenylbutylamines are compounds containing a phenylbutylamine moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the fourth carbon by an butan-1-amine. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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Sub Class | Phenylbutylamines |
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Direct Parent | Phenylbutylamines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Phenylbutylamine
- Dimethoxybenzene
- O-dimethoxybenzene
- Phenethylamine
- Phenylpropane
- Anisole
- Phenol ether
- Phenoxy compound
- Methoxybenzene
- Alkyl aryl ether
- Aralkylamine
- Tertiary aliphatic amine
- Tertiary amine
- Nitrile
- Carbonitrile
- Ether
- Organic oxygen compound
- Amine
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Not Available | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | < 25 °C | PhysProp | Boiling Point | 243-246 °C at 1.00E-02 mm Hg | PhysProp | Water Solubility | 4.47 mg/L | Not Available | LogP | 3.79 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Verapamil GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0cdu-4391500000-cd36ebd65bc8c7765961 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Verapamil GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Verapamil GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Verapamil GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Verapamil GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0udi-3519000000-b5e0b9e0caac5cb57222 | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014r-3372900000-cd7073ee75752c627c39 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4r-5976300000-921d7eee522825f0dfde | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0uk9-3594400000-225aaa8c832d0eb167e4 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-004l-0702900000-6a46ea2d5eed6d8b01eb | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-4109800000-80d342090a0be3344e82 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-054w-0954400000-2def387c7c93ab211423 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0000900000-4cde9a4b3a4f83d16afc | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0000900000-980b47834e505d54a0e6 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-066r-0902800000-ae024239c46b33917426 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0901000000-81d1159b3102cff76218 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-d9c344fee7b45b4030e6 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0gb9-0914000000-070bdb975910e9aae99c | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-0390000000-f41d80462c5d06c4f001 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0097-2980000000-9a2ab0bcab33f7eaac6b | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0uxr-0900000000-252a9989a8511cb2db80 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0f79-0900000000-4fd6ca2c6c19c3bbf8f0 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0000900000-4365a47b2dc2f86bb272 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0000900000-e6a2b357160bf5b92c22 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOF | splash10-066r-0902400000-d8eac2ccd0a767c7e432 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0901000000-688f3c2345c5d9ccb8a5 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-cd09f8a2be876936f662 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOF | splash10-0uxr-0918000000-76641dd6dbc5cb05e79a | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0000900000-05ea95eb1f39b6515212 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOF | splash10-066r-0902600000-a675e624692c25472ce8 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Verapamil LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0901000000-70d820628d2613557239 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | - Membrane (predicted from logP)
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | - Adipose Tissue
- Bladder
- Brain
- Epidermis
- Fibroblasts
- Intestine
- Kidney
- Liver
- Neuron
- Pancreas
- Placenta
- Platelet
- Prostate
- Testis
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Taking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00661 | | details | Urine | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Taking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00661 | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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Predicted Concentrations |
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Blood | 0.000 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | Predicted based on drug qualities | Blood | 0.000 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | Predicted based on drug qualities |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | None |
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Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | DB00661 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB022708 |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | 2425 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C07188 |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Verapamil |
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METLIN ID | 3009 |
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PubChem Compound | 2520 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 77733 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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General References | - Takeda H, Yamazaki Y, Akahane M, Igawa Y, Ajisawa Y, Nishizawa O: Role of the beta(3)-adrenoceptor in urine storage in the rat: comparison between the selective beta(3)-adrenoceptor agonist, CL316, 243, and various smooth muscle relaxants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Jun;293(3):939-45. [PubMed:10869395 ]
- Wang YH, Jones DR, Hall SD: Differential mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by verapamil. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 May;33(5):664-71. Epub 2005 Feb 2. [PubMed:15689501 ]
- Byerly WG, Hartmann A, Foster DE, Tannenbaum AK: Verapamil in the treatment of maternal paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Ann Emerg Med. 1991 May;20(5):552-4. [PubMed:2024796 ]
- Miller MR, Withers R, Bhamra R, Holt DW: Verapamil and breast-feeding. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;30(1):125-6. [PubMed:3709626 ]
- Takano A, Kusuhara H, Suhara T, Ieiri I, Morimoto T, Lee YJ, Maeda J, Ikoma Y, Ito H, Suzuki K, Sugiyama Y: Evaluation of in vivo P-glycoprotein function at the blood-brain barrier among MDR1 gene polymorphisms by using 11C-verapamil. J Nucl Med. 2006 Sep;47(9):1427-33. [PubMed:16954549 ]
- Fakih H, MacLusky N, DeCherney A, Wallimann T, Huszar G: Enhancement of human sperm motility and velocity in vitro: effects of calcium and creatine phosphate. Fertil Steril. 1986 Nov;46(5):938-44. [PubMed:3781011 ]
- Suzuki S, Nishimaki-Mogami T, Tamehiro N, Inoue K, Arakawa R, Abe-Dohmae S, Tanaka AR, Ueda K, Yokoyama S: Verapamil increases the apolipoprotein-mediated release of cellular cholesterol by induction of ABCA1 expression via Liver X receptor-independent mechanism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 Mar;24(3):519-25. Epub 2004 Jan 15. [PubMed:14726413 ]
- Glusa E: Effect of verapamil on platelet aggregation. Folia Haematol Int Mag Klin Morphol Blutforsch. 1988;115(4):469-73. [PubMed:2465955 ]
- Ceccato A, Chiap P, Hubert P, Toussaint B, Crommen J: Automated determination of verapamil and norverapamil in human plasma with on-line coupling of dialysis to high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorometric detection. J Chromatogr A. 1996 Oct 25;750(1-2):351-60. [PubMed:8938391 ]
- Nanni G, Panocchia N, Tacchino R, Foco M, Piccioni E, Castagneto M: Increased incidence of infection in verapamil-treated kidney transplant recipients. Transplant Proc. 2000 May;32(3):551-3. [PubMed:10812109 ]
- Affolter H, Burkard WP, Pletscher A: Verapamil, an antagonist at 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors of human blood platelets. Eur J Pharmacol. 1985 Jan 22;108(2):157-62. [PubMed:3156755 ]
- Rumiantsev DO, Piotrovskii VK, Riabokon' OS, Metelitsa VI: [Comparison of the verapamil concentration of human blood serum and saliva]. Farmakol Toksikol. 1987 Jan-Feb;50(1):85-9. [PubMed:3556560 ]
- Gramatte T, Oertel R: Intestinal secretion of intravenous talinolol is inhibited by luminal R-verapamil. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Sep;66(3):239-45. [PubMed:10511059 ]
- Hsiao P, Sasongko L, Link JM, Mankoff DA, Muzi M, Collier AC, Unadkat JD: Verapamil P-glycoprotein transport across the rat blood-brain barrier: cyclosporine, a concentration inhibition analysis, and comparison with human data. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 May;317(2):704-10. Epub 2006 Jan 13. [PubMed:16415090 ]
- von Richter O, Greiner B, Fromm MF, Fraser R, Omari T, Barclay ML, Dent J, Somogyi AA, Eichelbaum M: Determination of in vivo absorption, metabolism, and transport of drugs by the human intestinal wall and liver with a novel perfusion technique. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001 Sep;70(3):217-27. [PubMed:11557909 ]
- Narang PK, Blumhardt CL, Doran AR, Pickar D: Steady-state cerebrospinal fluid transfer of verapamil and metabolites in patients with schizophrenia. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1988 Nov;44(5):550-7. [PubMed:3180637 ]
- Szymanski W, Skublicki S, Jankowski A, Kotzbach R: [Pharmacokinetic investigations of verapamil used as a concomitant drug in treatment of premature labor]. Ginekol Pol. 1992 Apr;63(4):166-71. [PubMed:1303922 ]
- Wang YH, Jones DR, Hall SD: Prediction of cytochrome P450 3A inhibition by verapamil enantiomers and their metabolites. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Feb;32(2):259-66. [PubMed:14744949 ]
- Dumestre-Toulet V, Cirimele V, Gromb S, Belooussoff T, Lavault D, Ludes B, Kintz P: Last performance with VIAGRA: post-mortem identification of sildenafil and its metabolites in biological specimens including hair sample. Forensic Sci Int. 2002 Mar 28;126(1):71-6. [PubMed:11955836 ]
- Bauer LA, Horn JR, Maxon MS, Easterling TR, Shen DD, Strandness DE Jr: Effect of metoprolol and verapamil administered separately and concurrently after single doses on liver blood flow and drug disposition. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 May;40(5):533-43. [PubMed:10806607 ]
- Hofer CA, Smith JK, Tenholder MF: Verapamil intoxication: a literature review of overdoses and discussion of therapeutic options. Am J Med. 1993 Oct;95(4):431-8. [PubMed:8213877 ]
- Bellamy WT: P-glycoproteins and multidrug resistance. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1996;36:161-83. [PubMed:8725386 ]
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