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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 14:17:43 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:13 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0002226
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB0062580
  • HMDB02226
  • HMDB62580
Metabolite Identification
Common NameAdrenic acid
DescriptionAdrenic acid, also known as 7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid or adrenate, is a member of the class of compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. Very long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms. Adrenic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Adrenic acid can be found in blood and in human myelin tissue. Within the cell, adrenic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm, in the membrane (predicted from logP), and in the peroxisome. It can also be found in the extracellular space. In humans, adrenic acid is involved in alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism. Docosatetraenoic acid designates any straight chain 22:4 fatty acid. In particular, all-cis-7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid is an ω-6 fatty acid with the trivial name adrenic acid (AdA). This is a naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acid formed through a 2-carbon chain elongation of arachidonic acid. It is one of the most abundant fatty acids in the early human brain. This unsaturated fatty acid is also metabolized by cells into biologically active products, such as dihomoprostaglandins and dihomo-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (dihomo-EETs) (Wikipedia ). Adrenic acid, which is a prostacyclin inhibitor, appears to be a potential prothrombotic agent (PMID: 1642692 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-Docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenoic acidChEBI
7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acidChEBI
7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z-Docosatetraenoic acidChEBI
all-cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acidChEBI
cis,cis,cis,cis-Docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraensaeureChEBI
(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-Docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenoateGenerator
7,10,13,16-DocosatetraenoateGenerator
7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z-DocosatetraenoateGenerator
all-cis-7,10,13,16-DocosatetraenoateGenerator
AdrenateGenerator
Adrenic acid, (Z)-isomerHMDB
7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid (van) adrenateHMDB
7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid (van) adrenic acidHMDB
FA(22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z))HMDB
(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-DocosatetraenoateHMDB
Chemical FormulaC22H36O2
Average Molecular Weight332.52
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight332.271530396
IUPAC Name(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenoic acid
Traditional Namedocosatetraenoic acid
CAS Registry Number28874-58-0
SMILES
CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C22H36O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22(23)24/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2-5,8,11,14,17-21H2,1H3,(H,23,24)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-
InChI KeyTWSWSIQAPQLDBP-DOFZRALJSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acids and conjugates
Direct ParentVery long-chain fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Very long-chain fatty acid
  • Unsaturated fatty acid
  • Straight chain fatty acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Baker190.92130932474
[M+H]+Baker189.41330932474
[M-H]-Not Available190.921http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001853
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Peroxisome
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Neuron
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified16.1 +/- 6.5 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not Specified
Isovaleric acidemia
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNewborn (0-30 days old)Not Specified
Premature neonates
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Isovaleric acidemia
  1. Dercksen M, Kulik W, Mienie LJ, Reinecke CJ, Wanders RJ, Duran M: Polyunsaturated fatty acid status in treated isovaleric acidemia patients. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Oct;70(10):1123-1126. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.100. Epub 2016 Jun 22. [PubMed:27329611 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022918
KNApSAcK IDC00052186
Chemspider ID4593749
KEGG Compound IDC16527
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG ID2218009
Wikipedia LinkAdrenic acid
METLIN ID6560
PubChem Compound5497181
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID53487
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDADRN
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Martinez M, Mougan I: Fatty acid composition of brain glycerophospholipids in peroxisomal disorders. Lipids. 1999 Jul;34(7):733-40. [PubMed:10478932 ]
  2. Ren H, Magulike N, Ghebremeskel K, Crawford M: Primary open-angle glaucoma patients have reduced levels of blood docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Mar;74(3):157-63. Epub 2006 Jan 10. [PubMed:16410047 ]
  3. Tardy B, Bordet JC, Berruyer M, Ffrench P, Dechavanne M: Priming effect of adrenic acid (22:4(n-6)) on tissue factor activity expressed by thrombin-stimulated endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis. 1992 Jul;95(1):51-8. [PubMed:1642692 ]
  4. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  5. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  6. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  7. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  8. Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
  9. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.