Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 15:12:26 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:31 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0003012 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Aniline |
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Description | Aniline is an organic chemical compound, specifically a primary aromatic amine. It consists of a benzene ring attached to an amino group. Aniline is oily and, although colorless, it can be slowly oxidized and resinified in air to form impurities which can give it a red-brown tint. Its boiling point is 184 degree centigrade and its melting point is -6 degree centegrade. It is a liquid at room temperature. Like most volatile amines, it possesses a somewhat unpleasant odour of rotten fish, and also has a burning aromatic taste; it is a highly acrid poison. It ignites readily, burning with a large smoky flame. Aniline reacts with strong acids to form salts containing the anilinium (or phenylammonium) ion (C6H5-NH3+), and reacts with acyl halides (such as acetyl chloride (ethanoyl chloride), CH3COCl) to form amides. The amides formed from aniline are sometimes called anilides, for example CH3-CO-NH-C6H5 is acetanilide, for which the modern name is N-phenyl ethanamide. Like phenols, aniline derivatives are highly reactive in electrophilic substitution reactions. For example, sulfonation of aniline produces sulfanilic acid, which can be converted to sulfanilamide. Sulfanilamide is one of the sulfa drugs which were widely used as antibacterial in the early 20th century. Aniline was first isolated from the destructive distillation of indigo in 1826 by Otto Unverdorben. In 1834, Friedrich Runge isolated from coal tar a substance which produced a beautiful blue color on treatment with chloride of lime; this he named kyanol or cyanol. In 1841, C. J. Fritzsche showed that by treating indigo with caustic potash it yielded an oil, which he named aniline, from the specific name of one of the indigo-yielding plants, Indigofera anil, anil being derived from the Sanskrit, dark-blue. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Aminobenzene | ChEBI | Aminophen | ChEBI | Anilin | ChEBI | Benzenamine | ChEBI | Benzeneamine | ChEBI | Kyanol | ChEBI | Phenylamine | ChEBI | Arylamine | Kegg | Aniline aluminium salt | MeSH | Aniline dihydrofluoride | MeSH | Aniline diphosphate (1:1) | MeSH | Aniline diphosphate (3:1) | MeSH | Aniline diphosphate (4:1) | MeSH | Aniline hydrobromide | MeSH | Aniline hydrochloride | MeSH | Aniline hydrochloride-(14)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline hydrochloride-(15)N-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline hydrofluoride | MeSH | Aniline hydrogen iodide | MeSH | Aniline monosulfate | MeSH | Aniline nitrate | MeSH | Aniline perchlorate | MeSH | Aniline phosphate (1:1) | MeSH | Aniline phosphate (1:2) | MeSH | Aniline phosphate (2:1) | MeSH | Aniline phosphonate (1:1) | MeSH | Aniline sulfate | MeSH | Aniline sulfate (2:1) | MeSH | Aniline sulfate (2:1), (14)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, (13)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, (14)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, 15N-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, 2-(13)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, 3-(13)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, 3H-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, 4-(13)C-labeled CPD | MeSH | Aniline, conjugate acid | MeSH | Aniline, ion(1+) | MeSH | Aniline, magnesium (1:1) salt | MeSH | Aniline, monolithium salt | MeSH | Aniline, sodium salt | MeSH | Anilina | HMDB | Aniline reagent | HMDB | Anyvim | HMDB | Benzidam | HMDB | Cyanol | HMDB | D'Aniline | HMDB | Krystallin | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C6H7N |
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Average Molecular Weight | 93.1265 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 93.057849229 |
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IUPAC Name | aniline |
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Traditional Name | aniline |
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CAS Registry Number | 62-53-3 |
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SMILES | NC1=CC=CC=C1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2 |
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InChI Key | PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aniline and substituted anilines. These are organic compounds containing an aminobenzene moiety. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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Sub Class | Aniline and substituted anilines |
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Direct Parent | Aniline and substituted anilines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Aniline or substituted anilines
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Primary amine
- Organonitrogen compound
- Amine
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Liquid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | -6 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 184.00 to 185.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 36 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | LogP | 0.90 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Aniline,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1213.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1189.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1368.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Aniline,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 1262.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 1322.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 1392.6 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Aniline,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1445.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1397.5 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 | 1566.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Aniline,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1687.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1720.2 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Aniline,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1664.9 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-9a543eee5081cc927e82 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-e04550d3cafee77e6192 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-b4213ef5f8ee4a3df612 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0udi-1900000000-b5d970641bbe63fdb366 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-9a543eee5081cc927e82 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-e04550d3cafee77e6192 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0006-9000000000-b4213ef5f8ee4a3df612 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0udi-1900000000-b5d970641bbe63fdb366 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9000000000-62eb000567821fbe8a22 | 2017-08-28 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Aniline GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-4ba5d22a406245826ca0 | 2015-03-01 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-a23bad3a5415210b8e58 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-004i-9000000000-129ed2147aba87164399 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0udi-9000000000-9e60a29bae11a3beb396 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kf-9000000000-8e5e6fec72fd720bd3bb | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6L) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-e04550d3cafee77e6192 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-4a2ea8998eab06e3b7fa | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-002f-9000000000-041fc0d729e6308b36ec | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-c0f67277e0af76d5d6e1 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fb9-9000000000-35b2093eb2c81ba07d17 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-9000000000-15d86b7cf94658003a7c | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-9000000000-fc34fd188d386065c4f5 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03dl-9000000000-fbed3991af3afeea3a79 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-0bea53746f5bc30ab770 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0007-9000000000-971619ea8bd73637ba14 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-2001822055db683e8999 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-a5bc25b5010f2044b435 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-8ab282b725391b0d9923 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline , negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-0900000000-ed34a4f0bafc3ce06174 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-4a2ea8998eab06e3b7fa | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-c4c7adf426e20a85b18e | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-cbf324483014cd812600 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-9000000000-4ef27c104c8c073fccb4 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-9b2f125fc5146ad77329 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-9b2f125fc5146ad77329 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Aniline 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-e7badc7e20ab7cd59fd5 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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General References | - Bomhard EM, Herbold BA: Genotoxic activities of aniline and its metabolites and their relationship to the carcinogenicity of aniline in the spleen of rats. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2005 Dec;35(10):783-835. [PubMed:16468500 ]
- Nohynek GJ, Duche D, Garrigues A, Meunier PA, Toutain H, Leclaire J: Under the skin: Biotransformation of para-aminophenol and para-phenylenediamine in reconstructed human epidermis and human hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2005 Sep 15;158(3):196-212. [PubMed:15890478 ]
- Mathews JM, De Costa KS: Absorption, metabolism, and disposition of 1,3-diphenyl-1-triazene in rats and mice after oral, i.v., and dermal administration. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Dec;27(12):1499-504. [PubMed:10570033 ]
- Weiss T, Angerer J: Simultaneous determination of various aromatic amines and metabolites of aromatic nitro compounds in urine for low level exposure using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Oct 5;778(1-2):179-92. [PubMed:12376125 ]
- Hein DW, Doll MA, Xiao GH, Feng Y: Prostate expression of N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) and 2 (NAT2) in rapid and slow acetylator congenic Syrian hamster. Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Mar;13(3):159-67. [PubMed:12618593 ]
- Kuo HM, Ho HJ, Chao PD, Chung JG: Quercetin glucuronides inhibited 2-aminofluorene acetylation in human acute myeloid HL-60 leukemia cells. Phytomedicine. 2002 Oct;9(7):625-31. [PubMed:12487326 ]
- Faraglia B, Chen SY, Gammon MD, Zhang Y, Teitelbaum SL, Neugut AI, Ahsan H, Garbowski GC, Hibshoosh H, Lin D, Kadlubar FF, Santella RM: Evaluation of 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts in human breast cancer: the influence of tobacco smoke. Carcinogenesis. 2003 Apr;24(4):719-25. [PubMed:12727801 ]
- Peluso M, Airoldi L, Magagnotti C, Fiorini L, Munnia A, Hautefeuille A, Malaveille C, Vineis P: White blood cell DNA adducts and fruit and vegetable consumption in bladder cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2000 Feb;21(2):183-7. [PubMed:10657956 ]
- el-Bayoumy K, Donahue JM, Hecht SS, Hoffmann D: Identification and quantitative determination of aniline and toluidines in human urine. Cancer Res. 1986 Dec;46(12 Pt 1):6064-7. [PubMed:3779628 ]
- Iwersen-Bergmann S, Schmoldt A: Acute intoxication with aniline: detection of acetaminophen as aniline metabolite. Int J Legal Med. 2000;113(3):171-4. [PubMed:10876991 ]
- Gan J, Skipper PL, Gago-Dominguez M, Arakawa K, Ross RK, Yu MC, Tannenbaum SR: Alkylaniline-hemoglobin adducts and risk of non-smoking-related bladder cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Oct 6;96(19):1425-31. [PubMed:15467031 ]
- Stanley LA, Coroneos E, Cuff R, Hickman D, Ward A, Sim E: Immunochemical detection of arylamine N-acetyltransferase in normal and neoplastic bladder. J Histochem Cytochem. 1996 Sep;44(9):1059-67. [PubMed:8773572 ]
- Vaziri SA, Hughes NC, Sampson H, Darlington G, Jewett MA, Grant DM: Variation in enzymes of arylamine procarcinogen biotransformation among bladder cancer patients and control subjects. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Feb;11(1):7-20. [PubMed:11207033 ]
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