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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-08-13 18:16:22 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:17:02 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0004400
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB04400
Metabolite Identification
Common Name5-Acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil
Description5-Acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil (AAMU) is one of caffeine major metabolites. Analysis of caffeine and its metabolites is of interest with respect to caffeine exposure, for kinetic and metabolism studies and for opportunistic in vivo estimation of drug metabolizing enzyme activity in humans and animals. Urinary caffeine metabolite ratios are used in humans to assess the activity of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), xanthine oxidase and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), which are involved in the activation or detoxification of various xenobiotic compounds, including carcinogens. Investigating the activity of these enzymes is of clinical relevance for assessing intra- and inter-individual differences in NAT2- and CYP1A2-mediated drug metabolism, and for evaluating the risk of developing specific exposure-related diseases. (PMID: 3506820 , 15685651 , 12534641 ).
Structure
Data?1676999822
Synonyms
ValueSource
AAMUKegg
5-AMMUMeSH
Chemical FormulaC7H10N4O3
Average Molecular Weight198.1793
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight198.075290206
IUPAC NameN-(6-amino-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)acetamide
Traditional NameN-(4-amino-1-methyl-2,6-dioxo-3H-pyrimidin-5-yl)acetamide
CAS Registry Number19893-78-8
SMILES
CN1C(=O)NC(N)=C(NC(C)=O)C1=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C7H10N4O3/c1-3(12)9-4-5(8)10-7(14)11(2)6(4)13/h8H2,1-2H3,(H,9,12)(H,10,14)
InChI KeyPOQOTWQIYYNXAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-acetylarylamines. These are acetamides where one or more amide hydrogens is substituted by an aryl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic nitrogen compounds
ClassOrganonitrogen compounds
Sub ClassN-arylamides
Direct ParentN-acetylarylamines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • N-acetylarylamine
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Pyrimidone
  • Hydropyrimidine
  • Pyrimidine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Acetamide
  • Vinylogous amide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Carboxamide group
  • Lactam
  • Urea
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Amine
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified5.06 +/- 0.13 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal adenoma
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB023371
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID79659
KEGG Compound IDC16366
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound88299
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Morris GS, Simmonds HA, Davies PM: Use of biological fluids for the rapid diagnosis of potentially lethal inherited disorders of human purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Biomed Chromatogr. 1986 Jun;1(3):109-18. [PubMed:3506820 ]
  2. Weimann A, Sabroe M, Poulsen HE: Measurement of caffeine and five of the major metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom. 2005 Mar;40(3):307-16. [PubMed:15685651 ]
  3. Nyeki A, Buclin T, Biollaz J, Decosterd LA: NAT2 and CYP1A2 phenotyping with caffeine: head-to-head comparison of AFMU vs. AAMU in the urine metabolite ratios. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;55(1):62-7. [PubMed:12534641 ]