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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Deoxyinosine (HMDB00071)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-08-07 12:12:47
Accession Number HMDB00071
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Deoxyinosine
Description Deoxyinosine is a nucleoside that is formed when hypoxanthine is attached to a deoxyribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a beta-N9-glycosidic bond. Deoxyinosine is found in DNA while Inosine is found in RNA. Inosine is a nucleic acid important for RNA editing. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) catalyzes the conversion of adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine, respectively. ADA-deficient individuals suffer from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and are unable to produce significant numbers of mature T or B lymphocytes. This occurs as a consequence of the accumulation of ADA substrates or their metabolites. Inosine is also an intermediate in a chain of purine nucleotides reactions required for muscle movements.
Synonyms
  1. 2'-Deoxyinosine
  2. 2deoxy-Inosine
  3. 9-(2-Deoxy-b-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
  4. 9-(2-deoxy-b-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-Hypoxanthine
  5. 9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-Hypoxanthine
  6. Deoxyinosine
  7. d-Ino
  8. 9-(2-Deoxy-beta-delta-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
  9. 9-(2-deoxy-beta-delta-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-Hypoxanthine
  10. delta-Ino
Chemical IUPAC Name 9-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3H-purin-6-one
Chemical Formula C10H12N4O4
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Nucleosides and Nucleoside conjugates
Class
  • Nucleoside Analogues
Sub Class
  • Deoxy nucleosides
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • primary alcohol
  • secondary alcohol
  • phenol or hydroxyhetarene
  • aromatic compound
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 252.227
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 252.085861
Isomeric SMILES OC[C@H]1O[C@H](C[C@@H]1O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2O
Canonical SMILES OCC1OC(CC1O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2O
KEGG Compound ID C05512 Link Image
BioCyc ID DEOXYINOSINE Link Image
BiGG ID 45942 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Not Available
NuGOwiki Link HMDB00071 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB00071 Link Image
METLIN ID 3383 Link Image
PubChem Compound 65058 Link Image
PubChem Substance 3139569 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
CAS Registry Number 890-38-0
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C10H12N4O4/c15-2-6-5(16)1-7(18-6)14-4-13-8-9(14)11-3-12-10(8)17/h3-7,15-16H,1-2H2,(H,11,12,17)/t5-,6+,7+/m0/s1
Synthesis Reference Robins, Morris J.; Basom, Gerald L. Nucleic acid-related compounds. 8. Direct conversion of 2'-deoxyinosine to 9-(2-deoxy-b-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-6-chloropurine and selected 6-substituted deoxynucleosides and their evaluation as substrates of adenosin
Melting Point (Experimental) 250 oC
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 32.5 mg/mL [MEYLAN,WM et al. (1996)]; 18.7 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge 0
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -1.71 [FORD,H ET AL. (1991)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -1.62 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -0.8 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1Z39 Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
  • nucleus
  • Extracellular
Biofluid Location
  • Urine
Tissue Location
Tissue References
All Tissues
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Urine
Value < 0.1 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Chantin C, Bonin B, Boulieu R, Bory C: Liquid-chromatographic study of purine metabolism abnormalities in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):326-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 1.00 (0.00-2.00) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Hartmann S, Okun JG, Schmidt C, Langhans CD, Garbade SF, Burgard P, Haas D, Sass JO, Nyhan WL, Hoffmann GF: Comprehensive detection of disorders of purine and pyrimidine metabolism by HPLC with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 2006 Jun;52(6):1127-37. Epub 2006 Apr 13. [PubMed Link Image]
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Urine
Value 3.2 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency
Comments Not Available
References
  • Chantin C, Bonin B, Boulieu R, Bory C: Liquid-chromatographic study of purine metabolism abnormalities in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):326-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency
  • Chantin C, Bonin B, Boulieu R, Bory C: Liquid-chromatographic study of purine metabolism abnormalities in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):326-8. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID
  • 164050 Link Image (Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency)
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Purine Metabolism SMP00050 Link Image map00230 Link Image
General References
  1. Cohen A, Doyle D, Martin DW Jr, Ammann AJ: Abnormal purine metabolism and purine overproduction in a patient deficient in purine nucleoside phosphorylase. N Engl J Med. 1976 Dec 23;295(26):1449-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kewn S, Hoggard PG, Henry-Mowatt JS, Veal GJ, Sales SD, Barry MG, Back DJ: Intracellular activation of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine and drug interactions in vitro. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1999 Jun 10;15(9):793-802. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Bemi V, Tazzni N, Banditelli S, Giorgelli F, Pesi R, Turchi G, Mattana A, Sgarrella F, Tozzi MG, Camici M: Deoxyadenosine metabolism in a human colon-carcinoma cell line (LoVo) in relation to its cytotoxic effect in combination with deoxycoformycin. Int J Cancer. 1998 Mar 2;75(5):713-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Chantin C, Bonin B, Boulieu R, Bory C: Liquid-chromatographic study of purine metabolism abnormalities in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Clin Chem. 1996 Feb;42(2):326-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ablett E, Pedley J, Dannoy PA, Sturm RA, Parsons PG: UVB-specific regulation of gene expression in human melanocytic cells: cell cycle effects and implication in the generation of melanoma. Mutat Res. 1998 Nov 9;422(1):31-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Bazar LS, Collier GB, Vanek PG, Siles BA, Kow YW, Doetsch PW, Cunningham RP, Chirikjian JG: Mutation identification DNA analysis system (MIDAS) for detection of known mutations. Electrophoresis. 1999 Jun;20(6):1141-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Sjoberg AH, Wang L, Eriksson S: Substrate specificity of human recombinant mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase with cytostatic and antiviral purine and pyrimidine analogs. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):270-3. [PubMed Link Image]
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
  2. Thymidine phosphorylase precursor
  3. Adenosine deaminase
  4. cDNA, FLJ95575, highly similar to Homo sapiens endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived) (ECGF1), mRNA
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5805
Enzyme 1 Name Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Inosine phosphorylase
  2. PNP
Enzyme 1 Gene Name NP
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
MENGYTYEDYKNTAEWLLSHTKHRPQVAIICGSGLGGLTDKLTQAQIFDYGEIPNFPRST
VPGHAGRLVFGFLNGRACVMMQGRFHMYEGYPLWKVTFPVRVFHLLGVDTLVVTNAAGGL
NPKFEVGDIMLIRDHINLPGFSGQNPLRGPNDERFGDRFPAMSDAYDRTMRQRALSTWKQ
MGEQRELQEGTYVMVAGPSFETVAECRVLQKLGADAVGMSTVPEVIVARHCGLRVFGFSL
ITNKVIMDYESLEKANHEEVLAAGKQAAQKLEQFVSILMASIPLPDKAS
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 289
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 32118
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 6.95
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
  • transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 35565 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00491 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PNPH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID 1RT9 Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB File Show
Enzyme 1 3D Structure
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >870 bp
ATGGAGAACGGATACACCTATGAAGATTATAAGAACACTGCAGAATGGCTTCTGTCTCAT
ACTAAGCACCGACCTCAAGTTGCAATAATCTGTGGTTCTGGATTAGGAGGTCTGACTGAT
AAATTAACTCAGGCCCAGATCTTTGACTACAGTGAAATCCCCAACTTTCCTCGAAGTACA
GTGCCAGGTCATGCTGGCCGACTGGTGTTTGGGTTCCTGAATGGCAGGGCCTGTGTGATG
ATGCAGGGCAGGTTCCACATGTATGAAGGGTACCCACTCTGGAAGGTGACATTCCCAGTG
AGGGTTTTCCACCTTCTGGGTGTGGACACCCTGGTAGTCACCAATGCAGCAGGAGGGCTG
AACCCCAAGTTTGAGGTTGGAGATATCATGCTGATCCGTGACCATATCAACCTACCTGGT
TTCAGTGGTCAGAACCCTCTCAGAGGGCCCAATGATGAAAGGTTTGGAGATCGTTTCCCT
GCCATGTCTGATGCCTACGACCGGACTATGAGGCAGAGGGCTCTCAGTACCTGGAAACAA
ATGGGGGAGCAACGTGAGCTACAGGAAGGCACCTATGTGATGGTGGCAGGCCCCAGCTTT
GAGACTGTGGCAGAATGTCGTGTGCTGCAGAAGCTGGGAGCAGACGCTGTTGGCATGAGT
ACAGTACCAGAAGTTATCGTTGCACGGCACTGTGGACTTCGAGTCTTTGGCTTCTCACTC
ATCACTAACAAGGTCATCATGGATTATGAAAGCCTGGAGAAGGCCAACCATGAAGAAGTC
TTAGCAGCTGGCAAACAAGCTGCACAGAAATTGGAACAGTTTGTCTCCATTCTTATGGCC
AGCATTCCACTCCCTGACAAAGCCAGTTGA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID X00737 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID NP Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID NP Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:7892 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 14
Enzyme 1 Locus 14q13.1
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Williams SR, Goddard JM, Martin DW Jr: Human purine nucleoside phosphorylase cDNA sequence and genomic clone characterization. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 25;12(14):5779-87. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Williams SR, Gekeler V, McIvor RS, Martin DW Jr: A human purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency caused by a single base change. J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 15;262(5):2332-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Yu L, Kalla K, Guthrie E, Vidrine A, Klimecki WT: Genetic variation in genes associated with arsenic metabolism: glutathione S-transferase omega 1-1 and purine nucleoside phosphorylase polymorphisms in European and indigenous Americans. Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Aug;111(11):1421-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ealick SE, Rule SA, Carter DC, Greenhough TJ, Babu YS, Cook WJ, Habash J, Helliwell JR, Stoeckler JD, Parks RE Jr, et al.: Three-dimensional structure of human erythrocytic purine nucleoside phosphorylase at 3.2 A resolution. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jan 25;265(3):1812-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Aust MR, Andrews LG, Barrett MJ, Norby-Slycord CJ, Markert ML: Molecular analysis of mutations in a patient with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):763-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Pannicke U, Tuchschmid P, Friedrich W, Bartram CR, Schwarz K: Two novel missense and frameshift mutations in exons 5 and 6 of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patient. Hum Genet. 1996 Dec;98(6):706-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5806
Enzyme 2 Name Thymidine phosphorylase precursor
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. TdRPase
  2. TP
  3. Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor
  4. PD-ECGF
  5. Gliostatin
Enzyme 2 Gene Name ECGF1
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Thymidine phosphorylase precursor
MAALMTPGTGAPPAPGDFSGEGSQGLPDPSPEPKQLPELIRMKRDGGRLSEADIRGFVAA
VVNGSAQGAQIGAMLMAIRLRGMDLEETSVLTQALAQSGQQLEWPEAWRQQLVDKHSTGG
VGDKVSLVLAPALAACGCKVPMISGRGLGHTGGTLDKLESIPGFNVIQSPEQMQVLLDQA
GCCIVGQSEQLVPADGILYAARDVTATVDSLPLITASILSKKLVEGLSALVVDVKFGGAA
VFPNQEQARELAKTLVGVGASLGLRVAAALTAMDKPLGRCVGHALEVEEALLCMDGAGPP
DLRDLVTTLGGALLWLSGHAGTQAQGAARVAAALDDGSALGRFERMLAAQGVDPGLARAL
CSGSPAERRQLLPRAREQEELLAPADGTVELVRALPLALVLHELGAGRSRAGEPLRLGVG
AELLVDVGQRLRRGTPWLRVHRDGPALSGPQSRALQEALVLSDRAPFAAPSPFAELVLPP
QQ
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 482
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 49956
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 5.19
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • pyrimidine base metabolism
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of thymidine. The produced molecules are then utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • thymidine + phosphate = thymine + 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 189701 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P19971 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name TYPH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID 1UOU Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB File Show
Enzyme 2 3D Structure
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1449 bp
ATGGCAGCCTTGATGACCCCGGGAACCGGGGCCCCACCCGCGCCTGGTGACTTCTCCGGG
GAAGGGAGCCAGGGACTTCCCGACCCTTCGCCAGAGCCCAAGCAGCTCCCGGAGCTGATC
CGCATGAAGCGAGACGGAGGCCGCCTGAGCGAAGCGGACATCAGGGGCTTCGTGGCCGCT
GTGGTGAATGGGAGCGCGCAGGGCGCACAGATCGGGGCCATGCTGATGGCCATCCGACTT
CGGGGCATGGATCTGGAGGAGACCTCGGTGCTGACCCAGGCCCTGGCTCAGTCGGGACAG
CAGCTGGAGTGGCCAGAGGCCTGGCGCCAGCAGCTTGTGGACAAGCATTCCACAGGGGGT
GTGGGTGACAAGGTCAGCCTGGTCCTCGCACCTGCCCTGGCGGCATGTGGCTGCAAGGTG
CCAATGATCAGCGGACGTGGTCTGGGGCACACAGGAGGCACCTTGGATAAGCTGGAGTCT
ATTCCTGGATTCAATGTCATCCAGAGCCCAGAGCAGATGCAAGTGCTGCTGGACCAGGCG
GGCTGCTGTATCGTGGGTCAGAGTGAGCAGCTGGTTCCTGCGGACGGAATCCTATATGCA
GCCAGAGATGTGACAGCCACCGTGGACAGCCTGCCACTCATCACAGCCTCCATTCTCAGT
AAGAAACTCGTGGAGGGGCTGTCCGCTCTGGTGGTGGACGTTAAGTTCGGAGGGGCCGCC
GTCTTCCCCAACCAGGAGCAGGCCCGGGAGCTGGCAAAGACGCTGGTTGGCGTGGGAGCC
AGCCTAGGGCTTCGGGTCGCGGCAGCGCTGACCGCCATGGACAAGCCCCTGGGTCGCTGC
GTGGGCCACGCCCTGGAGGTGGAGGAGGCGCTGCTCTGCATGGACGGCGCAGGCCCGCCA
GACTTAAGGGACCTGGTCACCACGCTCGGGGGCGCCCTGCTCTGGCTCAGCGGACACGCG
GGGACTCAGGCTCAGGGCGCTGCCCGGGTGGCCGCGGCGCTGGACGACGGCTCGGCCCTT
GGCCGCTTCGAGCGGATGCTGGCGGCGCAGGGCGTGGATCCCGGTCTGGCCCGAGCCCTG
TGCTCGGGAAGTCCCGCAGAACGCCGGCAGCTGCTGCCTCGCGCCCGGGAGCAGGAGGAG
CTGCTGGCGCCCGCAGATGGCACCGTGGAGCTGGTCCGGGCGCTGCCGCTGGCGCTGGTG
CTGCACGAGCTCGGGGCCGGGCGCAGCCGCGCTGGGGAGCCGCTCCGCCTGGGGGTGGGC
GCAGAGCTGCTGGTCGACGTGGGTCAGAGGCTGCGCCGTGGGACCCCCTGGCTCCGCGTG
CACCGGGACGGCCCCGCGCTCAGCGGCCCGCAGAGCCGCGCCCTGCAGGAGGCGCTCGTA
CTCTCCGACCGCGCGCCATTCGCCGCCCCCTCGCCCTTCGCAGAGCTCGTTCTGCCGCCG
CAGCAATAA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID M63193 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID ECGF1 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID ECGF1 Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:3148 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 22
Enzyme 2 Locus 22q13|22q13.33
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Ishikawa F, Miyazono K, Hellman U, Drexler H, Wernstedt C, Hagiwara K, Usuki K, Takaku F, Risau W, Heldin CH: Identification of angiogenic activity and the cloning and expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. Nature. 1989 Apr 13;338(6216):557-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Furukawa T, Yoshimura A, Sumizawa T, Haraguchi M, Akiyama S, Fukui K, Ishizawa M, Yamada Y: Angiogenic factor. Nature. 1992 Apr 23;356(6371):668. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Asai K, Nakanishi K, Isobe I, Eksioglu YZ, Hirano A, Hama K, Miyamoto T, Kato T: Neurotrophic action of gliostatin on cortical neurons. Identity of gliostatin and platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):20311-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Usuki K, Saras J, Waltenberger J, Miyazono K, Pierce G, Thomason A, Heldin CH: Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor has thymidine phosphorylase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 15;184(3):1311-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Nishino I, Spinazzola A, Hirano M: Thymidine phosphorylase gene mutations in MNGIE, a human mitochondrial disorder. Science. 1999 Jan 29;283(5402):689-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gamez J, Ferreiro C, Accarino ML, Guarner L, Tadesse S, Marti RA, Andreu AL, Raguer N, Cervera C, Hirano M: Phenotypic variability in a Spanish family with MNGIE. Neurology. 2002 Aug 13;59(3):455-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5937
Enzyme 3 Name Adenosine deaminase
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Adenosine aminohydrolase
Enzyme 3 Gene Name ADA
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Adenosine deaminase
MAQTPAFDKPKVELHVHLDGSIKPETILYYGRRRGIALPANTAEGLLNVIGMDKPLTLPD
FLAKFDYYMPAIAGCREAIKRIAYEFVEMKAKEGVVYVEVRYSPHLLANSKVEPIPWNQA
EGDLTPDEVVALVGQGLQEGERDFGVKARSILCCMRHQPNWSPKVVELCKKYQQQTVVAI
DLAGDETIPGSSLLPGHVQAYQEAVKSGIHRTVHAGEVGSAEVVKEAVDILKTERLGHGY
HTLEDQALYNRLRQENMHFEICPWSSYLTGAWKPDTEHAVIRLKNDQANYSLNTDDPLIF
KSTLDTDYQMTKRDMGFTEEEFKRLNINAAKSSFLPEDEKRELLDLLYKAYGMPPSASAG
QNL
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 363
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 40765
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 5.80
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • adenosine deaminase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • deaminase activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • nucleotide metabolism
  • physiological process
  • purine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis
  • purine nucleotide biosynthesis
  • purine nucleotide metabolism
  • purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Replication, recombination and repair
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Adenosine + H(2)O = inosine + NH(3)
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • adenosine + H2O = inosine + ammonia
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 28380 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00813 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >1092 bp
ATGGCCCAGACGCCCGCCTTCGACAAGCCCAAAGTAGAACTGCATGTCCACCTAGACGGA
TCCATCAAGCCTGAAACCATCTTATACTATGGCAGGAGGAGAGGGATCGCCCTCCCAGCT
AACACAGCAGAGGGGCTGCTGAACGTCATTGGCATGGACAAGCCGCTCACCCTTCCAGAC
TTCCTGGCCAAGTTTGACTACTACATGCCTGCTATCGCGGGCTGCCGGGAGGCTATCAAA
AGGATCGCCTATGAGTTTGTAGAGATGAAGGCCAAAGAGGGCGTGGTGTATGTGGAGGTG
CGGTACAGTCCGCACCTGCTGGCCAACTCCAAAGTGGAGCCAATCCCCTGGAACCAGGCT
GAAGGGGACCTCACCCCAGACGAGGTGGTGGCCCTAGTGGGCCAGGGCCTGCAGGAGGGG
GAGCGAGACTTCGGGGTCAAGGCCCGGTCCATCCTGTGCTGCATGCGCCACCAGCCCAAC
TGGTCCCCCAAGGTGGTGGAGCTGTGTAAGAAGTACCAGCAGCAGACCGTGGTGGCCATT
GACCTGGCTGGAGATGAGACCATCCCAGGAAGCAGCCTCTTGCCTGGACATGTCCAGGCC
TACCAGGAGGCTGTGAAGAGCGGCATTCACCGTACTGTCCACGCCGGGGAGGTGGGCTCG
GCCGAAGTAGTAAAAGAGGCTGTGGACATACTCAAGACAGAGCGGCTGGGACACGGCTAC
CACACCCTGGAAGACCAGGCCCTTTATAACAGGCTGCGGCAGGAAAACATGCACTTCGAG
ATCTGCCCCTGGTCCAGCTACCTCACTGGTGCCTGGAAGCCGGACACGGAGCATGCAGTC
ATTCGGCTCAAAAATGACCAGGCTAACTACTCGCTCAACACAGATGACCCGCTCATCTTC
AAGTCCACCCTGGACACTGATTACCAGATGACCAAACGGGACATGGGCTTTACTGAAGAG
GAGTTTAAAAGGCTGAACATCAATGCGGCCAAATCTAGTTTCCTCCCAGAAGATGAAAAG
AGGGAGCTTCTCGACCTGCTCTATAAAGCCTATGGGATGCCACCTTCAGCCTCTGCAGGG
CAGAACCTCTGA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID X02994 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID ADA Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID ADA Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:186 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 20
Enzyme 3 Locus 20q12-q13.11
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Daddona PE, Shewach DS, Kelley WN, Argos P, Markham AF, Orkin SH: Human adenosine deaminase. cDNA and complete primary amino acid sequence. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 10;259(19):12101-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wiginton DA, Adrian GS, Hutton JJ: Sequence of human adenosine deaminase cDNA including the coding region and a small intron. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 12;12(5):2439-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Valerio D, Duyvesteyn MG, Dekker BM, Weeda G, Berkvens TM, van der Voorn L, van Ormondt H, van der Eb AJ: Adenosine deaminase: characterization and expression of a gene with a remarkable promoter. EMBO J. 1985 Feb;4(2):437-43. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Wiginton DA, Kaplan DJ, States JC, Akeson AL, Perme CM, Bilyk IJ, Vaughn AJ, Lattier DL, Hutton JJ: Complete sequence and structure of the gene for human adenosine deaminase. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 16;25(25):8234-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Orkin SH, Daddona PE, Shewach DS, Markham AF, Bruns GA, Goff SC, Kelley WN: Molecular cloning of human adenosine deaminase gene sequences. J Biol Chem. 1983 Nov 10;258(21):12753-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hirschhorn R, Yang DR, Israni A: An Asp8Asn substitution results in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) genetic polymorphism (ADA 2 allozyme): occurrence on different chromosomal backgrounds and apparent intragenic crossover. Ann Hum Genet. 1994 Jan;58(Pt 1):1-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Adrian GS, Wiginton DA, Hutton JJ: Structure of adenosine deaminase mRNAs from normal and adenosine deaminase-deficient human cell lines. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Sep;4(9):1712-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Bonthron DT, Markham AF, Ginsburg D, Orkin SH: Identification of a point mutation in the adenosine deaminase gene responsible for immunodeficiency. J Clin Invest. 1985 Aug;76(2):894-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Akeson AL, Wiginton DA, Dusing MR, States JC, Hutton JJ: Mutant human adenosine deaminase alleles and their expression by transfection into fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 5;263(31):16291-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Hirschhorn R, Tzall S, Ellenbogen A, Orkin SH: Identification of a point mutation resulting in a heat-labile adenosine deaminase (ADA) in two unrelated children with partial ADA deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1989 Feb;83(2):497-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Hirschhorn R: Identification of two new missense mutations (R156C and S291L) in two ADA- SCID patients unusual for response to therapy with partial exchange transfusions. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(2):166-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Santisteban I, Arredondo-Vega FX, Kelly S, Mary A, Fischer A, Hummell DS, Lawton A, Sorensen RU, Stiehm ER, Uribe L, et al.: Novel splicing, missense, and deletion mutations in seven adenosine deaminase-deficient patients with late/delayed onset of combined immunodeficiency disease. Contribution of genotype to phenotype. J Clin Invest. 1993 Nov;92(5):2291-302. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Yang DR, Huie ML, Hirschhorn R: Homozygosity for a missense mutation (G20R) associated with neonatal onset adenosine deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID). Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1994 Feb;70(2):171-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Santisteban I, Arredondo-Vega FX, Kelly S, Loubser M, Meydan N, Roifman C, Howell PL, Bowen T, Weinberg KI, Schroeder ML, et al.: Three new adenosine deaminase mutations that define a splicing enhancer and cause severe and partial phenotypes: implications for evolution of a CpG hotspot and expression of a transduced ADA cDNA. Hum Mol Genet. 1995 Nov;4(11):2081-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Santisteban I, Arredondo-Vega FX, Kelly S, Debre M, Fischer A, Perignon JL, Hilman B, elDahr J, Dreyfus DH, Gelfand EW, et al.: Four new adenosine deaminase mutations, altering a zinc-binding histidine, two conserved alanines, and a 5' splice site. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):243-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Hirschhorn R, Borkowsky W, Jiang CK, Yang DR, Jenkins T: Two newly identified mutations (Thr233Ile and Leu152Met) in partially adenosine deaminase-deficient (ADA-) individuals that result in differing biochemical and metabolic phenotypes. Hum Genet. 1997 Jul;100(1):22-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 16421
Enzyme 4 Name cDNA, FLJ95575, highly similar to Homo sapiens endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived) (ECGF1), mRNA
Enzyme 4 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Name Not Available
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ95575, highly similar to Homo sapiens endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived) (ECGF1), mRNA
MAALMTPGTGAPPAPGDFSGEGSQGLPDPSPEPKQLPELIRMKRDGGRLSEADIRGFVAA
VVNGSAQGAQIGAMLMAIRLRGMDLEETSVLTQALAQSGQQLEWPEAWRQQLVDKHSTGG
VGDKVSLVLAPALAACGCKVPVISGRGLGHTGGTLDKLESIPGFNVIQSPEQMQVLLDQA
GCCIVGQSEQLVPADGILYAARDVTATVDSLPLITASILSKKLVEGLSALVVDVKFGGAA
VFPNQEQARELAKTLVGVGASLGLRVAAALTAMDKPLGRCVGHALEVEEALLCMDGAGPP
DLRDLVTTLGGALLWLSGHAGTQAQGAARVAAALDDGSALGRFERMLAAQGVDPGLARAL
CSGSPAERRQLLPRAREQEELLAPADGTVELVRALPLALVLHELGAGRSRAGEPLRLGVG
AELLVDVGQRLRRGTPWLRVHRDGPALSGPQSRALQEALVLSDRAPFAAPSPFAELVLPP
QQ
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 482
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 49924
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 5.19
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • pyrimidine base metabolism
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 4 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2RBL3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2RBL3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID 1UOU Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB File Show
Enzyme 4 3D Structure
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID AK314716 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID B2RBL3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 4 SNPs Not Available
Enzyme 4 General References Not Available
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available