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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (HMDB00112)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-09-17 11:23:45
Accession Number HMDB00112
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Gamma-Aminobutyric acid
Description Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the nervous systems of widely divergent species. It is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system. In vertebrates, GABA acts at inhibitory synapses in the brain. GABA acts by binding to specific transmembrane receptors in the plasma membrane of both pre- and postsynaptic neurons. This binding causes the opening of ion channels to allow either the flow of negatively-charged chloride ions into the cell or positively-charged potassium ions out of the cell. This will typically result in a negative change in the transmembrane potential, usually causing hyperpolarization. Three general classes of GABA receptor are known. These include GABAA and GABAC ionotropic receptors, which are ion channels themselves, and GABAB metabotropic receptors, which are G protein-coupled receptors that open ion channels via intermediaries (G proteins). Neurons that produce GABA as their output are called GABAergic neurons, and have chiefly inhibitory action at receptors in the vertebrate. Medium Spiny Cells are a typical example of inhibitory CNS GABAergic cells. GABA exhibits excitatory actions in insects, mediating muscle activation at synapses between nerves and muscle cells and also the stimulation of certain glands. GABA has also been shown to have excitatory roles in the vertebrate, most notably in the developing cortex. Organisms synthesize GABA from glutamate using the enzyme L-glutamic acid decarboxylase and pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor. It is worth noting that this involves converting the principal excitatory neurotransmitter (glutamate) into the principal inhibitory one (GABA). Drugs that act as agonists of GABA receptors (known as GABA analogues or GABAergic drugs) or increase the available amount of GABA typically have relaxing, anti-anxiety and anti-convulsive effects. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABA) Doses of GABA 1 to 3 g orally also have been used effectively to raise the IQ of mentally retarded persons. GABA is found to be deficient in cerebrospinal fluid and brain in many studies of experimental and human epilepsy. Benzodiazepines (such as Valium) are useful in status epilepticus because they act on GABA receptors. GABA increases in the brain after administration of many seizure medications. Hence, GABA is clearly an antiepileptic nutrient. Inhibitors of GAM metabolism can also produce convulsions. Spasticity and involuntary movement syndromes, e.g., Parkinson's, Friedreich's ataxia, tardive dyskinesia, and Huntington's chorea are all marked by low GABA when amino acid levels are studied. Trials of 2 to 3 g of GABA given orally have been effective in various epilepsy and spasticity syndromes. Agents that elevate GABA also are useful in lowering hypertension. Three grams orally have been effective in control of blood pressure. GABA is decreased in various encephalopathies. GABA can reduce appetite and is decreased in hypoglycemics. GABA reduces blood sugar in diabetics. Chronic brain syndromes can also be marked by deficiency of GABA; GABA has many promising uses in therapy. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of GABA may be useful in diagnosing very serious diseases. Vitamin B6, manganese, taurine and lysine can increase both GABA synthesis and effects, while aspartic acid and glutamic acid probably inhibit GABA effects. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/Detail.CFM)The brain's principal inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, along with serotonin and norepinephrine, is one of several neurotransmitters that appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety and mood disorders. There are two principal subtypes of postsynaptic GABA receptor complexes, the GABA-A and GABA-B receptor complexes. Activation of the GABA-B receptor by GABA causes neuronal membrane hyperpolarization and a resultant inhibition of neurotransmitter release. In addition to binding sites for GABA, the GABA-A receptor has binding sites for benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and neurosteroids. GABA-A receptors are coupled to chloride ion channels; activation of the receptor induces increased inward chloride ion flux, resulting in membrane hyperpolarization and neuronal inhibition. After release into the synapse, free GABA that does not bind to either the GABA-A or GABA-B receptor complexes can be taken up by neurons and glial cells. Four different membrane transporter proteins, known as GAT-1, GAT-2, GAT-3, and BGT-1, which differ in their distribution in the CNS, are believed to mediate the uptake of synaptic GABA into neurons and glial cells. The GABA-A receptor subtype regulates neuronal excitability and rapid changes in fear arousal, such as anxiety, panic, and the acute stress response. Drugs that stimulate GABA-A receptors, such as the benzodiazepines and barbiturates, have anxiolytic and anti-seizure effects via GABA-A-mediated reduction of neuronal excitability, which effectively raises the seizure threshold. In support of the anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects of the GABA-A receptor are findings that GABA-A antagonists produce convulsions in animals and the demonstration that there is decreased GABA-A receptor binding in a positron emission tomography (PET) study of patients with panic disorder. Low plasma GABA has been reported in some depressed patients and, in fact, may be a useful trait marker for mood disorders. (The Role Of GABA In The Pathogenesis And Treatment Of Anxiety And Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders: http://www.vcu-cme.org/gaba/overview.html)
Synonyms
  1. 3-Carboxypropylamine
  2. 4-Aminobutanoate
  3. 4-Aminobutanoic acid
  4. 4-Aminobutyrate
  5. 4-Aminobutyric acid
  6. Aminalon
  7. GABA
  8. Gaballon
  9. Gamarex
  10. Gamma aminobutyrate
  11. Gamma aminobutyric acid
  12. Gamma-aminobutyrate
  13. Gamma-aminobutyric acid
  14. Gammalon
  15. Gammalone
  16. Gammar
  17. Gammasol
  18. Mielogen
  19. Mielomade
  20. Piperidate
  21. Piperidic acid
  22. Piperidinate
  23. Piperidinic acid
  24. w-Aminobutyrate
  25. w-Aminobutyric acid
  26. omega-Aminobutyrate
  27. omega-Aminobutyric acid
Chemical IUPAC Name 4-amino-Butanoic acid
Chemical Formula C4H9NO2
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Amino acids and Amino Acid conjugates
Class
  • Amino Acids
Sub Class
  • NA
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • primary amine
  • primary aliphatic amine (alkylamine)
  • carboxylic acid
Biofunction
  • Component of Alanine and aspartate metabolism
  • Component of beta-Alanine metabolism
  • Component of Butanoate metabolism
  • Component of Glutamate metabolism
  • Component of Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 103.120
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 103.063332
Isomeric SMILES NCCCC(O)=O
Canonical SMILES NCCCC(O)=O
KEGG Compound ID C00334 Link Image
BioCyc ID 4-AMINO-BUTYRATE Link Image
BiGG ID 34652 Link Image
Wikipedia Link GABA Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB00112 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB00112 Link Image
METLIN ID Not Available
PubChem Compound 119 Link Image
PubChem Substance 11335791 Link Image
ChEBI ID 16865 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 56-12-2
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7)
Synthesis Reference Minoshima, Ryoichi. Preparation of gamma-aminobutyric acid with unripened beans. PCT Int. Appl. (2007), 25pp.
Melting Point (Experimental) 203 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 1300.0 mg/mL [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 365.0 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge 0
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -3.17 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -2.99 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -0.7 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
  • Extracellular
  • lysosome
  • mitochondria
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Adrenal Cortex
Brain
Epidermis
Fibroblasts
Hippocampus
Kidney
Muscle
Nerve Cells
Neuron
Spleen
Testes
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.110 +/- 0.023 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Campollo O, MacGillivray BB, McIntyre N: [Association of plasma ammonia and GABA levels and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy] Rev Invest Clin. 1992 Oct-Dec;44(4):483-90. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 1.0 (0.0-2.0) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.32 (0.2 -0.45) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Nisijima K, Ishiguro T: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of monoamine metabolites and gamma-aminobutyric acid in neuroleptic malignant syndrome. J Psychiatr Res. 1995 May-Jun;29(3):233-44. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.23 +/- 0.075 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 165-177. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp., Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.093 (0.083-0.10) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Naini AB, Vontzalidou E, Cote LJ: Isocratic HPLC assay with electrochemical detection of free gamma-aminobutyric acid in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Chem. 1993 Feb;39(2):247-50. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.24 +/- 0.096 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Kamisaki Y, Takao Y, Itoh T, Shimomura T, Takahashi K, Uehara N, Yoshino Y: Determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid in human cerebrospinal fluid by isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1990 Aug 3;529(2):417-23. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.05 (0.00-0.10) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
Biofluid Saliva
Value >10 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 0.17 +/- 0.025 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Nicholson-Guthrie CS, Guthrie GD, Sutton GP, Baenziger JC: Urine GABA levels in ovarian cancer patients: elevated GABA in malignancy. Cancer Lett. 2001 Jan 10;162(1):27-30. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 0.25 +/- 0.20 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Nicholson-Guthrie CS, Guthrie GD, Sutton GP, Baenziger JC: Urine GABA levels in ovarian cancer patients: elevated GABA in malignancy. Cancer Lett. 2001 Jan 10;162(1):27-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Campollo O, MacGillivray BB, McIntyre N: [Association of plasma ammonia and GABA levels and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy] Rev Invest Clin. 1992 Oct-Dec;44(4):483-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Gibson KM: Gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria: a biochemist's education from a heritable disorder of GABA metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2005;28(3):247-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Wang Z, Silverman RB: Syntheses and evaluation of fluorinated conformationally restricted analogues of GABA as potential inhibitors of GABA aminotransferase. Bioorg Med Chem. 2006 Apr 1;14(7):2242-52. Epub 2005 Nov 28. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Glodzik-Sobanska L, Slowik A, Kozub J, Sobiecka B, Urbanik A, Szczudlik A: GABA in ischemic stroke. Proton magnetic resonance study. Med Sci Monit. 2004 Jun;10 Suppl 3:88-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Nisijima K, Ishiguro T: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of monoamine metabolites and gamma-aminobutyric acid in neuroleptic malignant syndrome. J Psychiatr Res. 1995 May-Jun;29(3):233-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Sweatman BC, Farrant RD, Holmes E, Ghauri FY, Nicholson JK, Lindon JC: 600 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy of human cerebrospinal fluid: effects of sample manipulation and assignment of resonances. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1993 Aug;11(8):651-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Naini AB, Vontzalidou E, Cote LJ: Isocratic HPLC assay with electrochemical detection of free gamma-aminobutyric acid in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Chem. 1993 Feb;39(2):247-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Qureshi GA, Baig SM, Bednar I, Halawa A, Parvez SH: The neurochemical markers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate between aseptic and tuberculous meningitis. Neurochem Int. 1998 Feb;32(2):197-203. [PubMed Link Image]
  • Doctor's Data
Biofluid Urine
Value <0.461 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Doctor's Data
Biofluid Urine
Value 1.3 (0.0-2.8) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Newborn:0-30 days old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 165-177. Edited by Cornelius Lentner.
  • West Cadwell, N.J. : Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp.
  • Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Biofluid Urine
Value 0.09 +/- 0.10 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Infant:0-1 yr old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 0.48 (0.00-0.98) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 1.84 +/- 0.215 uM
Age Elderly:>65 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Alzheimer's disease
Comments Not Available
References
  • Fonteh AN, Harrington RJ, Tsai A, Liao P, Harrington MG: Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer's disease subjects. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):213-24. Epub 2006 Oct 10. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.46 +/- 0.11 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Hepatic encephalopathy
Comments Not Available
References
  • Campollo O, MacGillivray BB, McIntyre N: [Association of plasma ammonia and GABA levels and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy] Rev Invest Clin. 1992 Oct-Dec;44(4):483-90. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 1.45 (0.00-2.9) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Comments Not Available
References
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.0002 +/- 0.000013 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Tuberculous meningitis
Comments Not Available
References
  • Qureshi GA, Baig SM, Bednar I, Halawa A, Parvez SH: The neurochemical markers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate between aseptic and tuberculous meningitis. Neurochem Int. 1998 Feb;32(2):197-203. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.00013 +/- 0.00002 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Meningitis
Comments Aseptic
References
  • Qureshi GA, Baig SM, Bednar I, Halawa A, Parvez SH: The neurochemical markers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate between aseptic and tuberculous meningitis. Neurochem Int. 1998 Feb;32(2):197-203. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 1.5 +/- 1.1 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Epilepsy
Comments Not Available
References
  • Spanaki MV, Siegel H, Kopylev L, Fazilat S, Dean A, Liow K, Ben-Menachem E, Gaillard WD, Theodore WH: The effect of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA) on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1518-22. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.1 (0.063 - 0.179) uM
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Febrile seizures
Comments Not Available
References
  • Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.52 - 0.57 uM
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Epilepsy
Comments Not Available
References
  • Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.11 (0.067 - 0.176) uM
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Epilepsy
Comments Not Available
References
  • Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.1 (0.061 - 0.171) uM
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Meningitis
Comments Acute meningitis
References
  • Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 4.0 +/- 4.2 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Epilepsy
Comments Not Available
References
  • Spanaki MV, Siegel H, Kopylev L, Fazilat S, Dean A, Liow K, Ben-Menachem E, Gaillard WD, Theodore WH: The effect of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA) on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1518-22. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.13 +/- 0.043 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Comments Not Available
References
  • Kamisaki Y, Takao Y, Itoh T, Shimomura T, Takahashi K, Uehara N, Yoshino Y: Determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid in human cerebrospinal fluid by isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1990 Aug 3;529(2):417-23. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 2.4 (0.00-4.8) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Comments Not Available
References
Biofluid Urine
Value 1.9 (0.98-2.9) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Comments Not Available
References
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Alzheimer's disease
  • Fonteh AN, Harrington RJ, Tsai A, Liao P, Harrington MG: Free amino acid and dipeptide changes in the body fluids from Alzheimer's disease subjects. Amino Acids. 2007 Feb;32(2):213-24. Epub 2006 Oct 10. [PubMed Link Image]
Epilepsy
Febrile seizures
  • Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25. [PubMed Link Image]
Hepatic encephalopathy
  • Campollo O, MacGillivray BB, McIntyre N: [Association of plasma ammonia and GABA levels and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy] Rev Invest Clin. 1992 Oct-Dec;44(4):483-90. [PubMed Link Image]
Meningitis
Tuberculous meningitis
  • Qureshi GA, Baig SM, Bednar I, Halawa A, Parvez SH: The neurochemical markers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate between aseptic and tuberculous meningitis. Neurochem Int. 1998 Feb;32(2):197-203. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Glutamate Metabolism SMP00072 Link Image map00250 Link Image
General References
  1. Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Zarnowska ED, Pearce RA, Saad AA, Perouansky M: The gamma-subunit governs the susceptibility of recombinant gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors to block by the nonimmobilizer 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (F6, 2N). Anesth Analg. 2005 Aug;101(2):401-6, table of contents. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Levy LM, Levy-Reis I, Fujii M, Dalakas MC: Brain gamma-aminobutyric acid changes in stiff-person syndrome. Arch Neurol. 2005 Jun;62(6):970-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hasler G, Neumeister A, van der Veen JW, Tumonis T, Bain EE, Shen J, Drevets WC, Charney DS: Normal prefrontal gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in remitted depressed subjects determined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biol Psychiatry. 2005 Dec 15;58(12):969-73. Epub 2005 Jul 25. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Denda M, Inoue K, Inomata S, Denda S: gamma-Aminobutyric acid (A) receptor agonists accelerate cutaneous barrier recovery and prevent epidermal hyperplasia induced by barrier disruption. J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Nov;119(5):1041-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Wiens SC, Trudeau VL: Thyroid hormone and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interactions in neuroendocrine systems. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2006 Jul;144(3):332-44. Epub 2006 Mar 9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choi C, Coupland NJ, Hanstock CC, Ogilvie CJ, Higgins AC, Gheorghiu D, Allen PS: Brain gamma-aminobutyric acid measurement by proton double-quantum filtering with selective J rewinding. Magn Reson Med. 2005 Aug;54(2):272-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Metzeler K, Agoston A, Gratzl M: An Intrinsic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system in the adrenal cortex: findings from human and rat adrenal glands and the NCI-H295R cell line. Endocrinology. 2004 May;145(5):2402-11. Epub 2004 Jan 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Naini AB, Vontzalidou E, Cote LJ: Isocratic HPLC assay with electrochemical detection of free gamma-aminobutyric acid in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin Chem. 1993 Feb;39(2):247-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Levy LM, Henkin RI: Brain gamma-aminobutyric acid levels are decreased in patients with phantageusia and phantosmia demonstrated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2004 Nov-Dec;28(6):721-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Rating D, Siemes H, Loscher W: Low CSF GABA concentration in children with febrile convulsions, untreated epilepsy, and meningitis. J Neurol. 1983;230(4):217-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Spanaki MV, Siegel H, Kopylev L, Fazilat S, Dean A, Liow K, Ben-Menachem E, Gaillard WD, Theodore WH: The effect of vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA) on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Neurology. 1999 Oct 22;53(7):1518-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Campollo O, MacGillivray BB, McIntyre N: [Association of plasma ammonia and GABA levels and the degree of hepatic encephalopathy] Rev Invest Clin. 1992 Oct-Dec;44(4):483-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Nicholson-Guthrie CS, Guthrie GD, Sutton GP, Baenziger JC: Urine GABA levels in ovarian cancer patients: elevated GABA in malignancy. Cancer Lett. 2001 Jan 10;162(1):27-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Nisijima K, Ishiguro T: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of monoamine metabolites and gamma-aminobutyric acid in neuroleptic malignant syndrome. J Psychiatr Res. 1995 May-Jun;29(3):233-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
  2. 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
  3. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
  4. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3
  5. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
  6. Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
  7. Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial precursor
  8. Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
  9. Glutamate decarboxylase 2
  10. Arginine decarboxylase
  11. Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit gamma-2 precursor
  12. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor, subunit 1 precursor
  13. Hypothetical protein GAD1
  14. cDNA FLJ75643, highly similar to Homo sapiens 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase
  15. Probable glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial precursor
  16. cDNA, FLJ96771, Homo sapiens ornithine decarboxylase-like protein (ODC-p), mRNA (Arginine decarboxylase, isoform CRA_d)
  17. Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 precursor
  18. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 precursor
  19. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 precursor
  20. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 precursor
  21. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 precursor
  22. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 precursor
  23. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 precursor
  24. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 precursor
  25. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 precursor
  26. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 precursor
  27. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta precursor
  28. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon precursor
  29. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 precursor
  30. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 precursor
  31. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi precursor
  32. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 precursor
  33. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 precursor
  34. Uncharacterized protein ENSP00000328115
  35. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta precursor
  36. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2
  37. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein
  38. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5480
Enzyme 1 Name 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. (S-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase
  2. Gamma-amino-N-butyrate transaminase
  3. GABA transaminase
  4. GABA aminotransferase
  5. GABA-AT
  6. GABA-T
  7. L-AIBAT
Enzyme 1 Gene Name ABAT
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
MASMLLAQRLACSFQHSYRLLVPGSRHISQAAAKVDVEFDYDGPLMKTEVPGPRSQELMK
QLNIIQNAEAVHFFCNYEESRGNYLVDVDGNRMLDLYSQISSVPIGYSHPALLKLIQQPQ
NASMFVNRPALGILPPENFVEKLRQSLLSVAPKGMSQLITMACGSCSNENALKTIFMWYR
SKERGQRGFSQEELETCMINQAPGCPDYSILSFMGAFHGRTMGCLATTHSKAIHKIDIPS
FDWPIAPFPRLKYPLEEFVKENQQEEARCLEEVEDLIVKYRKKKKTVAGIIVEPIQSEGG
DNHASDDFFRKLRDIARKHGCAFLVDEVQTGGGCTGKFWAHEHWGLDDPADVMTFSKKMM
TGGFFHKEEFRPNAPYRIFNTWLGDPSKNLLLAEVINIIKREDLLNNAAHAGKALLTGLL
DLQARYPQFISRVRGRGTFCSFDTPDDSIRNKLILIARNKGVVLGGCGDKSIRFRPTLVF
RDHHAHLFLNIFSDILADFK
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 500
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 56440
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 8.04
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • 4-aminobutyrate transaminase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • pyridoxal phosphate binding
  • transaminase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • amino acid and derivative metabolism
  • amino acid derivative metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L- beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine
Enzyme 1 Pathways
  • Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 Link Image)
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-glutamate
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 602705 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P80404 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GABT_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID 1OHY Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB File Show
Enzyme 1 3D Structure
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >1503 bp
ATGGCCTCCATGTTGCTCGCCCAGCGGCTGGCCTGCAGCTTCCAGCACACGTACCGCCTG
CTGGTGCCTGGATCCAGACACATTAGTCAAGCTGCAGCCAAAGTCGACGTTGAATTTGAT
TATGATGGGCCTCTGATGAAGACGGAAGTCCCAGGGCCTAGATCTCAGGAGTTAATGAAA
CAGCTGAATATAATTCAGAATGCAGAGGCTGTGCATTTTTTCTGCAATTACGAAGAGAGC
CGAGGCAATTACCTGGTTGATGTGGACGGCAACCGAATGCTGGATCTTTATTCCCAGATC
TCCTCTGTTCCCATAGGTTACAGCGACCCGGCCCTCGTGAAACTCATCCAACAGCCACAA
AATGCGAGCATGTTTGTCAACAGACCCGCCCTCGAAATCCTGCCTCCGGAGAACTTTGTG
GAGAAGCTCCGGCAGTCCTTGCTCTCGGTGGCTCCCAAAGGGATGTCCCAGCTCATCACC
ATGGCCTGCGGCTCCTGCTCCAATGAAAACGCCTTAAAGACCATCTTCATGTGGTACCGG
AGCAAGGAAAGAGGGCAGAGGGGATTCTCCAAAGAGGAGCTGGAGACGTGCATGATTAAC
CAGGCCCCCTGGTGCCCCGACTACAGCATCCTCTCCTTCATGGGTTCCTTCCATGGGAGG
ACCATGGGTTGCTTAGCGACCACGCACTCTAAAGCCATTCACAAGATCGATATCCCTTCC
TTTGACTGGCCCATCGCACCGTTCCCACGGCTGAAATACCCTCTGGAAGAGTTTGTGAAA
GAGAACCAACAGGAAGAGGCCGGCTGTCTGGAAGAGGTTGAGGATCTGATTGTGAAATAT
CGAAAAAAGAAGAAGACGGTGGCCGGGATCATCGTGGAGCCCATCCAGTCCGAGGGTGGA
GACAACCATGCATCCGATGACTTCTTTCGGAAGCTGAGAGACATCGCCAGGAAGCACTGC
TGCGCCTTCTTGGTGGACGAGGTCCAGACCGGAGGAGGCTGCACGGGCAAGTTCTGGGCC
CATGAGCACTGGGGCCTGGATGACCCAGCAGACGTGATGACCTTCAGCAAGAAGATGATG
ACTGGGGGCTTCTTCCTCAAGGAGGAGTTCAGGCCTAATGCTCCCTACCGGATCTTCAAC
ACGTGGCTGGGGGACCCGTCCAAGAACCTGTTGCTGGCTGAGGTCATCAACATCATCAAG
CGGGAGGACCTGCTAAATAATGCAGCCCATGCCGGGAAGGCCCTGCTCACAGGACTGCTG
GACCTCCAGGCCCGGTACCCCCAGTTCATCAGCAGGGTGAGAGGACGAGGCACCTTTTGC
TCCTTCGATACTCCCGATGATTCCATACGGAATAAGCTCATTTTAATTGCCAGAAACAAA
GGTGTGGTGTTGGGTGGCTGTGGTGACAAATCCATTCGTTTCCGTCCCACGCTGGTGTTC
AGGGATCACCACGCTCACCTGTTCCTCAATATTTTCAGTGACATCTTAGCAGACTTCAAG
TAA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID L32961 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID ABAT Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID ABAT Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:23 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 16
Enzyme 1 Locus 16p13.2
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Osei YD, Churchich JE: Screening and sequence determination of a cDNA encoding the human brain 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase. Gene. 1995 Apr 3;155(2):185-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. De Biase D, Barra D, Simmaco M, John RA, Bossa F: Primary structure and tissue distribution of human 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase. Eur J Biochem. 1995 Jan 15;227(1-2):476-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Medina-Kauwe LK, Tobin AJ, De Meirleir L, Jaeken J, Jakobs C, Nyhan WL, Gibson KM: 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Jun;22(4):414-27. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5526
Enzyme 2 Name 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. TMABADH
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 9A1
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase E3 isozyme
  4. Gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
  5. R- aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 2 Gene Name ALDH9A1
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
MSTGTFVVSQPLNYRGGARVEPADASGTEKAFEPATGRVIATFTCSGEKEVNLAVQNAKA
AFKIWSQKSGMERCRILLEAARIIREREDEIATMECINNGKSIFEARLDIDISWQCLEYY
AGLAASMAGEHIQLPGGSFGYTRREPLGVCVGIGAWNYPFQIASWKSAPALACGNAMVFK
PSPFTPVSALLLAEIYSEAGVPPGLFNVVQGGAATGQFLCQHPDVAKVSFTGSVPTGMKI
MEMSAKGIKPVTLELGGKSPLIIFSDCDMNNAVKGALMANFLTQGQVCCNGTRVFVQKEI
LDKFTEEVVKQTQRIKIGDPLLEDTRMGPLINRPHLERVLGFVKVAKEQGAKVLCGGDIY
VPEDPKLKDGYYMRPCVLTNCRDDMTCVKEEIFGPVMSILSFDTEAEVLERANDTTFGLA
AGVFTRDIQRAHRVVAELQAGTCFINNYNVSPVELPFGGYKKSGFGRENGRVTIEYYSQL
KTVCVEMGDVESAF
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 494
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 53802
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 5.61
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma- butyrobetaine. Catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • 4-trimethylammoniobutanal + NAD+ = 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + NADH + H+
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 1049219 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49189 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL9A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1482 bp
ATGAGCACTGGCACCTTCGTCGTGTCGCAGCCGCTCAATTACCGCGGCGGGGCCGCTGGA
GCCGGCGGACGCTCCGGTACCGAGAAAGCTTTCGAGCCAGCAACCGGCCGAGTGATAGCT
ACTTTCACATGTTCAGGAGAAAAGGAAGTAAATTTGGCTGTTCAAAATGCAAAGGCTGCT
TTTAAAATATGGAGTCAAAAATCTGGCATGGAGCGTTGCCGAATCCTTTTGGAGGCTGCC
AGGATAATAAGGGAACGGGAGGATGAAATTGCTACTATGGAGTGCATCAACAATGGCAAG
TCCATCTTTGAGGCCCGCTTGGACATTGACATTTCCTGGCAGTGCCTGGAGTATTATGCG
GGCTTGGCTGCATCCATGGCTGGTGAACACATCCAGCTCCCAGGTGGATCGTTTGGTTAT
ACCAGAAGAGAACCACTTGGGGTATGTGTGGGAATAGGAGCATGGAACTACCCCTTTCAG
ATTGCCTCTTGGAAGTCGGCTCCAGCATTAGCCTGTGGTAATGCCATGGTCTTTAAACCT
TCTCCCTTTACACCTGTTTCTGCATTGCTACTGGCTGAAATCTACAGTGAGGCTGGTGTA
CCTCCTGGGCTCTTCAATGTGGTGCAGGGAGGGGCTGCCACAGGCCAGTTTCTGTGTCAG
CATCCCGATGTGGCCAAAGTCTCCTTCACTGGAAGTGTGCCCACTGGCATGAAGATCATG
GAGATGTCAGCTAAAGGAATCAAACCTGTTACCTTGGAACTTGGAGGCAAATCTCCACTC
ATCATCTTCTCAGACTGTGATATGAACAATGCTGTAAAGGGGGCGCTGATGGCCAACTTC
CTCACACAAGGCCAGGTTTGCTGTAATGGCACAAGAGTATTTGTGCAGAAAGAAATTCTT
GATAAATTTACAGAGGAAGTGGTGAAACAGACCCAAAGGATTAAAATTGGAGATCCCCTT
CTGGAAGATACAAGGATGGGTCCACTCATCAACCGACCACACCTGGAGCGAGTCCTTGGG
TTTGTCAAAGTGGCAAAGGAGCAGGGTGCTAAAGTGTTATGTGGTGGAGATATATATGTA
CCTGAAGATCCCAAATTAAAGGATGGATATTACATGAGACCTTGTGTATTAACTAATTGC
AGAGACGACATGACCTGTGTGAAGGAAGAGATCTTTGGGCCTGTTATGTCCATTTTATCA
TTTGACACTGAAGCTGAGGTTCTAGAAAGAGCCAATGATACCACTTTTGGACTAGCAGCT
GGCGTCTTTACCAGGGACATCCAACGGGCTCATAGAGTGGTAGCTGAGCTTCAGGCTGGG
ACGTGCTTCATTAACAACTATAACGTCAGCCCAGTGGAGTTGCCCTTTGGTGGATATAAG
AAGTCAGGATTTGGCAGAGAGAACGGCCGTGTGACAATCGAATATTATTCACAGCTGAAG
ACTGTGTGTGTGGAGATGGGTGATGTGGAATCTGCTTTTTGA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID U34252 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID ALDH9A1 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID ALDH9A1 Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:412 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 2 Locus 1q23.1
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Lin SW, Chen JC, Hsu LC, Hsieh CL, Yoshida A: Human gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH9): cDNA sequence, genomic organization, polymorphism, chromosomal localization, and tissue expression. Genomics. 1996 Jun 15;34(3):376-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Vaz FM, Fouchier SW, Ofman R, Sommer M, Wanders RJ: Molecular and biochemical characterization of rat gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase and evidence for the involvement of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 in carnitine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):7390-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kikonyogo A, Pietruszko R: Aldehyde dehydrogenase from adult human brain that dehydrogenates gamma-aminobutyraldehyde: purification, characterization, cloning and distribution. Biochem J. 1996 May 15;316 ( Pt 1):317-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kurys G, Shah PC, Kikonygo A, Reed D, Ambroziak W, Pietruszko R: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. cDNA cloning and primary structure of the enzyme that catalyzes dehydrogenation of 4-aminobutyraldehyde. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Dec 1;218(2):311-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kurys G, Ambroziak W, Pietruszko R: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. Purification and characterization of a third isozyme with low Km for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde. J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 15;264(8):4715-21. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5528
Enzyme 3 Name Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Alpha-AASA dehydrogenase
  2. Delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate dehydrogenease
  3. P6c dehydrogenase
  4. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1
  5. Antiquitin-1
Enzyme 3 Gene Name ALDH7A1
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase
MSTLLINQPQYAWLKELGLREENEGVYNGSWGGRGEVITTYCPANNEPIARVRQASVADY
EETVKKAREAWKIWADIPAPKRGEIVRQIGDALREKIQVLGSLVSLEMGKILVEGVGEVQ
EYVDICDYAVGLSRMIGGPILPSERSGHALIEQWNPVGLVGIITAFNFPVAVYGWNNAIA
MICGNVCLWKGAPTTSLISVAVTKIIAKVLEDNKLPGAICSLTCGGADIGTAMAKDERVN
LLSFTGSTQVGKQVGLMVQERFGRSLLELGGNNAIIAFEDADLSLVVPSALFAAVGTAGQ
RCTTARRLFIHESIHDEVVNRLKKAYAQIRVGNPWDPNVLYGPLHTKQAVSMFLGAVEEA
KKEGGTVVYGGKVMDRPGNYVEPTIVTGLGHDASIAHTETFAPILYVFKFKNEEEVFAWN
NEVKQGLSSSIFTKDLGRIFRWLGPKGSDCGIVNVNIPTSGAEIGGAFGGEKHTGGGRES
GSDAWKQYMRRSTCTINYSKDLPLAQGIKFQ
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 511
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 55367
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 6.86
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 3 Specific Function L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde + NAD(P)(+) + H(2)O = L-2-aminoadipate + NAD(P)H
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = L-2-aminoadipate + NAD(P)H + H+
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 797410 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49419 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL7A1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >1536 bp
ATGTCCACTCTCCTCATCAATCAGCCCCAGTATGCGTGGCTGAAAGAGCTGGGGCTCCGC
GAGGAAAACGAGGGCGTGTATAATGGAAGCTGGGGAGGCCGGGGAGAGGTTATTACGACC
TATTGCCCCGCTAACAACGAGCCAATAGCAAGAGTCCGACAGGCCAGTGTGGCAGACTAT
GAAGAAACTGTAAAGAAAGCAAGAGAAGCATGGAAAATCTGGGCAGATATTCCTGCTCCA
AAACGAGGAGAAATAGTAAGACAGATTGGCGATGCCTTGCGGGAGAAGATCCAAGTACTA
GGAAGCTTGGTGTCTTTGGAGATGGGGAAAATCTTAGTGGAAGGTGTGGGTGAAGTTCAG
GAGTATGTGGATATCTGTGACTATGCTGTTGGTTTATCAAGGATGATTGGAGGACCTATC
TTGCCTTCTGAAAGATCTGGCCATGCACTGATTGAGCAGTGGAATCCCGTAGGCCTGGTT
GGAATCATCACGGCATTCAATTTCCCTGTGGCAGTGTATGGTTGGAACAACGCCATCGCC
ATGATCTGTGGAAATGTCTGCCTCTGGAAAGGAGCTCCAACCACTTCCCTCATTAGTGTG
GCTGTCACAAAGATAATAGCCAAGGTTCTGGAGGACAACAAGCTGCCTGGTGCAATTTGT
TCCTTGACTTGTGGTGGAGCAGATATTGGCACAGCAATGGCCAAAGATGAACGAGTGAAC
CTGCTGTCCTTCACTGGGAGCACTCAGGTGGGAAAACAGGTGGGCCTGATGGTGCAGGAG
AGGTTTGGGAGAAGTCTGTTGGAACTTGGAGGAAACAATGCCATTATTGCCTTTGAAGAT
GCAGACCTCAGCTTAGTTGTTCCATCAGCTCTCTTCGCTGCTGTGGGAACAGCTGGCCAG
AGGTGTACCACTGCGAGGCGACTGTTTATACATGAAAGCATCCATGATGAGGTTGTAAAC
AGACTTAAAAAGGCCTATGCACAGATCCGAGTTGGGAACCCATGGGACCCTAATGTTCTC
TATGGGCCACTCCACACCAAGCAGGCAGTGAGCATGTTTCTTGGAGCAGTGGAAGAAGCA
AAGAAAGAAGGTGGCACAGTGGTCTATGGGGGCAAGGTTATGGATCGCCCTGGAAATTAT
GTAGAACCGACAATTGTGACAGGTCTTGGCCACGATGCGTCCATTGCACACACAGAGACT
TTCGCTCCGATTCTCTATGTCTTTAAATTCAAGAATGAAGAAGAGGTCTTTGCATGGAAT
AATGAAGTAAAACAGGGACTTTCAAGTAGCATCTTTACCAAAGATCTGGGCAGAATCTTT
CGCTGGCTTGGACCTAAAGGATCAGACTGTGGCATTGTAAATGTCAACATTCCAACAAGT
GGGGCTGAGATTGGAGGTGCCTTTGGAGGAGAAAAGCACACTGGTGGTGGCAGGGAGTCT
GGCAGTGATGCCTGGAAACAGTACATGAGAAGGTCTACTTGTACTATCAACTACAGTAAA
GACCTTCCTCTGGCCCAAGGAATCAAGTTTCAGTAA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID S74728 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID ALDH7A1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID ALDH7A1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:877 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 3 Locus 5q31
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Lee P, Kuhl W, Gelbart T, Kamimura T, West C, Beutler E: Homology between a human protein and a protein of the green garden pea. Genomics. 1994 May 15;21(2):371-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Skvorak AB, Robertson NG, Yin Y, Weremowicz S, Her H, Bieber FR, Beisel KW, Lynch ED, Beier DR, Morton CC: An ancient conserved gene expressed in the human inner ear: identification, expression analysis, and chromosomal mapping of human and mouse antiquitin (ATQ1). Genomics. 1997 Dec 1;46(2):191-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 5529
Enzyme 4 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6
  2. Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3
  3. RALDH-3
Enzyme 4 Gene Name ALDH1A3
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3
MATANGAVENGQPDRKPPALPRPIRNLEVKFTKIFINNEWHESKSGKKFATCNPSTREQI
CEVEEGDKPDVDKAVEAAQVAFQRGSPWRRLDALSRGRLLHQLADLVERDRATLAALETM
DTGKPFLHAFFIDLEGCIRTLRYFAGWADKIQGKTIPTDDNVVCFTRHEPIGVCGAITPW
NFPLLMLVWKLAPALCCGNTMVLKPAEQTPLTALYLGSLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGFGPTV
GAAISSHPQINKIAFTGSTEVGKLVKEAASRSNLKRVTLELGGKNPCIVCADADLDLAVE
CAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAASRVFVEEQVYSEFVRRSVEYAKKRPVGDPFDVKTEQGPQIDQK
QFDKILELIESGKKEGAKLECGGSAMEDKGLFIKPTVFSEVTDNMRIAKEEIFGPVQPIL
KFKSIEEVIKRANSTDYGLTAAVFTKNLDKALKLASALESGTVWINCYNALYAQAPFGGF
KMSGNGRELGEYALAEYTEVKTVTIKLGDKNP
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 512
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 56109
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 7.29
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Seems to be the key enzyme in the formation of an RA gradient along the dorso-ventral axis during the early eye development and also in the development of the olfactory system
Enzyme 4 Pathways
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = an acid + NAD(P)H + H+
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 544482 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47895 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1A3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >1539 bp
ATGGCCACCGCTAACGGGGCCGTGGAAAACGGGCAGCCGGACGGGAAGCCGCCGGCCCTG
CCGCGCCCCATCCGCAACCTGGAGGTCAAGTTCACCAAGATATTTATCAACAATGAATGG
CACGAATCCAAGAGTGGGAAAAAGTTTGCTACATGTAACCCTTCAACTCGGGAGCAAATA
TGTGAAGTGGAAGAAGGAGATAAGCCCGACGTGGACAAGGCTGTGGAGGCTGCACAGGTT
GCCTTCCAGAGGGGCTCGCCATGGCGCCGGCTGGATGCCCTGAGTCGTGGGCGGCTGCTG
CACCAGCTGGCTGACCTGGTGGAGAGGGACCGCGCCACCTTGGCCGCCCTGGAGACGATG
GATACAGGGAAGCCATTTCTTCATGCTTTTTTCATCGACCTGGAGGGCTGTATTAGAACC
CTCAGATACTTTGCAGGGTGGGCAGACAAAATCCAGGGCAAGACCATCCCCACAGATGAC
AACGTCGTATGCTTCACCAGGCATGAGCCCATTGGTGTCTGTGGGGCCATCACTCCATGG
AACTTCCCCCTGCTGATGCTGGTGTGGAAGCTGGCACCCGCCCTCTGCTGTGGGAACACC
ATGGTCCTGAAGCCTGCGGAGCAGACACCTCTCACCGCCCTTTATCTCGGCTCTCTGATC
AAAGAGGCCGGGTTCCCTCCAGGAGTGGTGAACATTGTGCCAGGATTCGGGCCCACAGTG
GGAGCAGCAATTTCTTCTCACCCTCAGATCAACAAGATCGCCTTCACCGGCTCCACAGAG
GTTGGAAAACTGGTTAAAGAAGCTGCGTCCCGGAGCAATCTGAAGCGGGTGACGCTGGAG
CTGGGGGGGAAGAACCCCTGCATCGTGTGTGCGGACGCTGACTTGGACTTGGCAGTGGAG
TGTGCCCATCAGGGAGTGTTCTTCAACCAAGGCCAGTGTTGCACGGCAGCCTCCAGGGTG
TTCGTGGAGGAGCAGGTCTACTCTGAGTTTGTCAGGCGGAGCGTGGAGTATGCCAAGAAA
CGGCCCGTGGGAGACCCCTTCGATGTCAAAACAGAACAGGGGCCTCAGATTGATCAAAAG
CAGTTCGACAAAATCTTAGAGCTGATCGAGAGTGGGAAGAAGGAAGGGGCCAAGCTGGAA
TGCGGGGGCTCAGCCATGGAAGACAAGGGGCTCTTCATCAAACCCACTGTCTTCTCAGAA
GTCACAGACAACATGCGGATTGCCAAAGAGGAGATTTTCGGGCCAGTGCAACCAATACTG
AAGTTCAAAAGTATCGAAGAAGTGATAAAAAGAGCGAATAGCACCGACTATGGACTCACA
GCAGCCGTGTTCACAAAAAATCTCGACAAAGCCCTGAAGTTGGCTTCTGCCTTAGAGTCT
GGAACGGTCTGGATCAACTGCTACAACGCCCTCTATGCACAGGCTCCATTTGGTGGCTTT
AAAATGTCAGGAAATGGCAGAGAACTAGGTGAATACGCTTTGGCCGAATACACAGAAGTG
AAAACTGTCACCATCAAACTTGGCGACAAGAACCCCTGA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID U07919 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID ALDH1A3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID ALDH1A3 Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:409 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 15
Enzyme 4 Locus 15q26.3
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC, Hiraoka L, Hsieh CL: Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of an additional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, ALDH6. Genomics. 1994 Nov 15;24(2):333-41. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 5530
Enzyme 5 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. ALDH class 2
  2. ALDHI
  3. ALDH-E2
Enzyme 5 Gene Name ALDH2
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor
MLRAAARFGPRLGRRLLSAAATQAVPAPNQQPEVFCNQIFINNEWHDAVSRKTFPTVNPS
TGEVICQVAEGDKEDVDKAVKAARAAFQLGSPWRRMDASHRGRLLNRLADLIERDRTYLA
ALETLDNGKPYVISYLVDLDMVLKCLRYYAGWADKYHGKTIPIDGDFFSYTRHEPVGVCG
QIIPWNFPLLMQAWKLGPALATGNVVVMKVAEQTPLTALYVANLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPG
FGPTAGAAIASHEDVDKVAFTGSTEIGRVIQVAAGSSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIMSDADM
DWAVEQAHFALFFNQGQCCCAGSRTFVQEDIYDEFVERSVARAKSRVVGNPFDSKTEQGP
QVDETQFKKILGYINTGKQEGAKLLCGGGIAADRGYFIQPTVFGDVQDGMTIAKEEIFGP
VMQILKFKTIEEVVGRANNSTYGLAAAVFTKDLDKANYLSQALQAGTVWVNCYDVFGAQS
PFGGYKMSGSGRELGEYGLQAYTEVKTVTVKVPQKNS
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 517
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 56382
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 7.05
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 5 Specific Function An aldehyde + NAD(+) + H(2)O = an acid + NADH
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • 1-24
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 28606 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05091 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ALDH2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID 1OF7 Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB File Show
Enzyme 5 3D Structure
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >1551 bp
ATGTTGCGCGCTGCCGCCGCTCGGGCCCCGCCTGGCCGCCGCCTCTTGTCAGCCGCCGCC
ACCCAGGCCGTGCCTGCCCCCAACCAGCAGCCCGAGGTCTTCTGCAACCAGATTTTCATA
AACAATGAATGGCACGATGCCGTCAGCAGGAAAACATTCCCCACCGTCAATCCGTCCACT
GGAGAGGTCATCTGTCAGGTAGCTGAAGGGGACAAGGAAGATGTGGACAAGGCACGTGAA
GGCCGCCCGGGCGCCTTCCAGCTGGGCTCACCTTGGCGCCGCATGGACGCATCACACAGC
GGCCGGCTGCTGAACCGCCTGGCCGATCTGATCGAGCGGGACCGGACCTACCTGGCGGCC
TTGGAGACCCTGGACAATGGCAAGCCCTATGTCATCTCCTACCTGGTGGATTTGGACATG
GTCCTCAAATGTCTCCGGTATTATGCCGGCTGGGCTGATAAGTACCACGGGAAAACCATC
CCCATTGACGGAGACTTCTTCAGCTACACACGCCATGAACCTGTGGGGGTGTGCGGGCAG
ATCATTCCGTGGAATTTCCCGCTCCTGATGCAAGCATGGAAGCTGGGCCCAGCCTTGGCA
ACTGGAAACGTGGTTGTGATGAAGGTAGCTGAGCAGACACCCCTCACCGCCCTCTATGTG
GCCAACCTGATCAAGGAGGCTGGCTTTCCCCCTGGTGTGGTCAACATTGTGCCTGGATTT
GGCCCCACGGCTGGGGCCGCCATTGCCTCCCATGAGGATGTGGACAAAGTGGCATTCACA
GGCTCCACTGAGATTGGCCGCGTAATCCAGGTTGCTGCTGGGAGCAGCAACCTCAAGAGA
GTGACCTTGGAGCTGGGGGGGAAGAGCCCCAACATCATCATGTCAGATGCCGATATGGAT
TGGGCCGTGGAACAGGCCCACTTCGCCCTGTTCTTCAACCAGGGCCAGTGCTGCTGTGCC
GGCTCCCGGACCTTCGTGCAGGAGGACATCTATGATGAGTTTGTGGTGCGGAGCGTTGCC
CGGGCCAAGTCTCGGGTGGTCGGGAACCCCTTTGATAGCAAGACCGAGCAGGGGCCGCAG
GTGGATGAAACTCAGTTTAAGAAGATCCTCGGCTACATCAACACGGGGAAGCAAGAGGGG
GCGAAGCTGCTGTGTGGTGGGGGCATTGCTGCTGACCGTGGTTACTTCATCCAGCCCACT
GTGTTTGGAGATGTGCAGGATGGCATGACCATCGCCAAGGAGGAGATCTTCGGGCCAGTG
ATGCAGATCCTGAAGTTCAAGACCATAGAGGAGGTTGTTGGGAGAGCCAACAATTCCACG
TACGGGCTGGCCGCAGCTGTCTTCACAAAGGATTTGGACAAGGCCAATTACCTGTCCCAG
GCCCTCCAGGCGGGCACTGTGTGGGTCAACTGCTATGATGTGTTTGGAGCCCAGTCACCC
TTTGGTGGCTACAAGATGTCGGGGAGTGGCCGGGAGTTGGGCGAGTACGGGCTGCAGGCA
TACACTGAAGTGAAAACTGTCACAGTCAAAGTGCCTCAGAAGAACTCATAA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID X05409 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID ALDH2 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID ALDH2 Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:404 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 12
Enzyme 5 Locus 12q24.2
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Braun T, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Evidence for a signal peptide at the amino-terminal end of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. FEBS Lett. 1987 May 11;215(2):233-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Braun T, Bober E, Singh S, Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Isolation and sequence analysis of a full length cDNA clone coding for human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Apr 10;15(7):3179. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hsu LC, Bendel RE, Yoshida A: Genomic structure of the human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics. 1988 Jan;2(1):57-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Hempel J, Kaiser R, Jornvall H: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase from human liver. Primary structure, differences in relation to the cytosolic enzyme, and functional correlations. Eur J Biochem. 1985 Nov 15;153(1):13-28. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hsu LC, Tani K, Fujiyoshi T, Kurachi K, Yoshida A: Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3771-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Yoshida A, Ikawa M, Hsu LC, Tani K: Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):103-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Agarwal DP, Goedde HW: Human aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes and alcohol sensitivity. Isozymes Curr Top Biol Med Res. 1987;16:21-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Hempel J, Hoog JO, Jornvall H: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Homology of putative targeting sequence to that of carbamyl phosphate synthetase I revealed by correlation of cDNA and protein data. FEBS Lett. 1987 Sep 28;222(1):95-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Yoshida A, Huang IY, Ikawa M: Molecular abnormality of an inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase variant commonly found in Orientals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):258-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Novoradovsky A, Tsai SJ, Goldfarb L, Peterson R, Long JC, Goldman D: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphism in Asian and American Indian populations: detection of new ALDH2 alleles. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Oct;19(5):1105-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ni L, Zhou J, Hurley TD, Weiner H: Human liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase: three-dimensional structure and the restoration of solubility and activity of chimeric forms. Protein Sci. 1999 Dec;8(12):2784-90. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 5531
Enzyme 6 Name Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, microsomal
  2. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A2
  3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 10
Enzyme 6 Gene Name ALDH3A2
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase
MELEVRRVRQAFLSGRSRPLRFRLQQLEALRRMVQEREKDILTAIAADLCKSEFNVYSQE
VITVLGEIDFMLENLPEWVTAKPVKKNVLTMLDEAYIQPQPLGVVLIIGAWNYPFVLTIQ
PLIGAIAAGNAVIIKPSELSENTAKILAKLLPQYLDQDLYIVINGGVEETTELLKQRFDH
IFYTGNTAVGKIVMEAAAKHLTPVTLELGGKSPCYIDKDCDLDIVCRRITWGKYMNCGQT
CIAPDYILCEASLQNQIVWKIKETVKEFYGENIKESPDYERIINLRHFKRILSLLEGQKI
AFGGETDEATRYIAPTVLTDVDPKTKVMQEEIFGPILPIVPVKNVDEAINFINEREKPLA
LYVFSHNHKLIKRMIDETSSGGVTGNDVIMHFTLNSFPFGGVGSSGMGAYHGKHSFDTFS
HQRPCLLKSLKREGANKLRYPPNSQSKVDWGKFFLLKRFNKEKLGLLLLTFLGIVAAVLV
KAEYY
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 485
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 54849
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 7.99
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length
Enzyme 6 Pathways
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • 464-480
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 1082036 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P51648 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL3A2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >1458 bp
ATGGAGCTCGAAGTCCGGCGGGTCCGACAGGCGTTCCTGTCCGGCCGGTCGCGACCTCTG
CGGTTTCGGCTGCAGCAGCTGGAGGCCCTGCGGAGGATGGTGCAGGAGCGCGAGAAGGAT
ATCCTGACGGCCATCGCCGCCGACCTGTGCAAGAGTGAATTCAATGTGTACAGTCAGGAA
GTCATTACTGTCCTTGGGGAAATTGATTTTATGCTTGAGAATCTTCCTGAATGGGTTACT
GCTAAACCAGTTAAGAAGAACGTGCTCACCATGCTGGATGAGGCCTATATTCAGCCACAG
CCTCTGGGAGTGGTGCTGATAATCGGAGCTTGGAATTACCCCTTCGTTCTCACCATTCAG
CCACTGATAGGAGCCATCGCTGCAGGAAATGCTGTGATTATAAAGCCTTCTGAACTGAGT
GAAAATACAGCCAAGATCTTGGCAAAGCTTCTCCCTCAGTATTTAGACCAGGATCTCTAT
ATTGTTATTAATGGTGGTGTTGAGGAAACCACGGAGCTCCTGAAGCAGCGATTTGACCAC
ATTTTCTATACGGGAAACACTGCGGTTGGCAAAATTGTCATGGAAGCTGCTGCCAAGCAT
CTGACCCCTGTGACTCTTGAACTGGGAGGGAAAAGTCCATGTTATATTGATAAAGATTGT
GACCTGGACATTGTTTGCAGACGCATAACCTGGGGAAAATACATGAATTGTGGCCAAACC
TGCATTGCACCCGACTATATTCTCTGTGAAGCATCCCTCCAAAATCAAATTGTATGGAAG
ATTAAGGAAACAGTGAAGGAATTTTATGGAGAAAATATAAAAGAGTCTCCTGATTATGAA
AGGATCATCAATCTTCGTCATTTTAAGAGGATACTAAGTTTGCTTGAAGGACAAAAGATA
GCTTTTGGTGGGGAGACTGATGAGGCCACACGCTACATAGCCCCAACAGTACTTACCGAT
GTTGATCCTAAAACCAAGGTGATGCAAGAAGAAATTTTTGGACCAATTCTTCCAATAGTG
CCTGTGAAAAATGTAGATGAGGCCATAAATTTCATAAATGAACGTGAAAAGCCTCTGGCT
CTTTATGTATTTTCGCATAACCATAAGCTCATCAAACGGATGATTGATGAGACATCCAGT
GGAGGTGTCACAGGCAATGACGTCATTATGCACTTCACGCTCAACTCTTTCCCATTTGGA
GGAGTGGGTTCCAGTGGGATGGGAGCTTATCACGGAAAACATAGTTTTGATACTTTTTCT
CATCAGCGTCCCTGTTTATTAAAAAGTTTAAAGAGAGAAGGTGCTAACAAACTCAGATAT
CCTCCCAACAGCCAGTCAAAGGTGGATTGGGGGAAATTTTTTCTCTTGAAACGGTTCAAC
AAAGAAAAACTCGGTCTCCTGTTGCTCACTTTCCTGGGTATTGTAGCCGCTGTGCTTGTC
AAGGCAGAATATTACTGA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID L47162 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID ALDH3A2 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID ALDH3A2 Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:403 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 6 Locus 17p11.2
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. De Laurenzi V, Rogers GR, Hamrock DJ, Marekov LN, Steinert PM, Compton JG, Markova N, Rizzo WB: Sjogren-Larsson syndrome is caused by mutations in the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Nat Genet. 1996 Jan;12(1):52-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rogers GR, Markova NG, De Laurenzi V, Rizzo WB, Compton JG: Genomic organization and expression of the human fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (FALDH). Genomics. 1997 Jan 15;39(2):127-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Chang C, Yoshida A: Human fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH10): organization and tissue-dependent expression. Genomics. 1997 Feb 15;40(1):80-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Sillen A, Jagell S, Wadelius C: A missense mutation in the FALDH gene identified in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome patients originating from the northern part of Sweden. Hum Genet. 1997 Aug;100(2):201-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sillen A, Anton-Lamprecht I, Braun-Quentin C, Kraus CS, Sayli BS, Ayuso C, Jagell S, Kuster W, Wadelius C: Spectrum of mutations and sequence variants in the FALDH gene in patients with Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(6):377-84. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 5532
Enzyme 7 Name Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 7 Synonyms
  1. Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member B1
  2. ALDH class 2
Enzyme 7 Gene Name ALDH1B1
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde dehydrogenase X, mitochondrial precursor
MLRFLAPRLLSLQGRTARYSSAAALPSPILNPDIPYNQLFINNEWQDAVSKKTFPTVNPT
TGEVIGHVAEGDRADVDRAVKAAREAFRLGSPWRRMDASERGRLLNLLADLVERDRVYLA
SLETLDNGKPFQESYALDLDEVIKVYRYFAGWADKWHGKTIPMDGQHFCFTRHEPVGVCG
QIIPWNFPLVMQGWKLAPALATGNTVVMKVAEQTPLSALYLASLIKEAGFPPGVVNIITG
YGPTAGAAIAQHMDVDKVAFTGSTEVGHLIQKAAGDSNLKRVTLELGGKSPSIVLADADM
EHAVEQCHEALFFNMGQCCCAGSRTFVEESIYNEFLERTVEKAKQRKVGNPFELDTQQGP
QVDKEQFERVLGYIQLGQKEGAKLLCGGERFGERGFFIKPTVFGGVQDDMRIAKEEIFGP
VQPLFKFKKIEEVVERANNTRYGLAAAVFTRDLDKAMYFTQALQAGTVWVNTYNIVTCHT
PFGGFKESGNGRELGEDGLKAYTEVKTVTIKVPQKNS
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 517
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 57239
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 6.79
Enzyme 7 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 7 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 7 Specific Function ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation
Enzyme 7 Pathways
Enzyme 7 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an acid + NADH + H+
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein 1263008 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P30837 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AL1B1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence >1554 bp
ATGCTGCGCTTCCTGGCACCCCGGCTGCTTAGCCTCCAGGGCAGGACCGCCCTCTACTCC
TCGGCAGCAGCCCTCCCAAGCCCCATTCTGAACCCAGACATCCCCTACAACCAGCTGTTC
ATCAACAATGAATGGCAAGATGCAGTCAGCAAGAAGACCTTCCCGACGGTCAACCCTACC
ACCGGGGAGGTCATCGGGCACGTGGCTGAAGGTGACCGGGCTGATGTGGATCGGGCCGTG
AAAGCAGCCCGGGAAGCCTTCCGCCTGGGGTCCCCATGGCGCCGGATGGATGCCTCTGAG
CGGGGCCGGCTGCTGAACCTCCTGGCAGACCTAGTGGAGCGGGATCGAGTCTACTTGGCC
TCACTCGAGACCTTGGACAATGGGAAGCCTTTCCAAGAGTCTTACGCCTTGGACTTGGAT
GAGGTCATCAAGGTGTATCGGTACTTTGCTGGCTGGGCTGACAAGTGGCATGGCAAGACC
ATCCCCATGCATGGCCAGCATTTCTGCTTCACCCGGCATGAGCCCGTTGGTGTCTGTGGC
CAGATCATCCCGTGGAACTTCCCCTTGGTCATGCAGGGTTGGAAACTTGCCCCGGCACTC
GCCACAGGCAACACTGTGGTTATGAAGGTGGCAGAGCAGACCCCCCTCTCTGCCCTGTAT
TTGGCCTCCCTCATCAAGGAGGCAGGCTTTCCCCCTGGGGTGGTGAACATCATCACGGGG
TATGGCCCAACAGCAGGTGCGGCCATCGCCCAGCACATGGATGTTGACAAAGTTGCCTTC
ACCGGTTCCACCGAGGTGGGCCACCTGATCCAGAAAGCAGCTGGCGATTCCAACCTCAAG
AGAGTCACCCTGGAGCTGGGTGGTAAGAGCCCCAGCATCGTGCTGGCCGATGCTGACATG
GAGCATGCCGTGGAGCAGTGCCACGAAGCCCTGTTCTTCAACATGGGCCAGTGCTGCTGT
GCTGGCTCCCGGACCTTCGTGGAAGAATCCATCTACAATGAGTTTCTCGAGAGAACCGTG
GAGAAAGCAAAGCAGAGGAAAGTGGGGAACCCCTTTGAGCTGGACACCCAGCAGGGGCCT
CAGGTGGACAAGGAGCAGTTTGAACGAGTCCTAGGCTACATCCAGCTTGGCCAGAAGGAG
GGCGCAAAACTCCTCTGTGGCGGAGAGCGTTTCGGGGAGCGTGGTTTCTTCATCAAGCCT
ACTGTCTTTGGTGGCGTGCAGGATGACATGAGAATTGCCAAAGAGGAGATCTTTGGGCCT
GTGCAGCCCCTGTTCAAGTTCAAGAAGATTGAGGAGGTGGTTGAGAGGGCCAACAACACC
AGGTATGGCCTGGCTGCGGCTGTGTTCACCCGGGATCTGGACAAGGCCATGTACTTCACC
CAGGCACTCCAGGCCGGGACCGTGTGGGTAAACACCTACAACATCGTCACCTGCCACACG
CCATTTGGAGGGTTTAAGGAATCTGGAAACGGGAGGGAGCTGGGTGAGGATGGGCTTAAG
GCCTACACAGAGGTAAAGACGGTCACCATCAAGGTTCCTCAGAAGAACTCGTAA
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID M63967 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID ALDH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID ALDH1B1 Link Image
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID HGNC:407 Link Image
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 7 Locus 9p11.1
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References
  1. Hsu LC, Chang WC: Cloning and characterization of a new functional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 5;266(19):12257-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Sherman D, Dave V, Hsu LC, Peters TJ, Yoshida A: Diverse polymorphism within a short coding region of the human aldehyde dehydrogenase-5 (ALDH5) gene. Hum Genet. 1993 Nov;92(5):477-80. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 5702
Enzyme 8 Name Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. L- arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  2. Transamidinase
  3. AT
Enzyme 8 Gene Name GATM
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
MLRVRCLRGGSRGAEAVHYIGSRLGRTLTGWVQRTFQSTQAATASSRNSCAADDKATEPL
PKDCPVSSYNEWDPLEEVIVGRAENACVPPFTIEVKANTYEKYWPFYQKQGGHYFPKDHL
KKAVAEIEEMCNILKTEGVTVRRPDPIDWSLKYKTPDFESTGLYSAMPRDILIVVGNEII
EAPMAWRSRFFEYRAYRSIIKDYFHRGAKWTTAPKPTMADELYNQDYPIHSVEDRHKLAA
QGKFVTTEFEPCFDAADFIRAGRDIFAQRSQVTNYLGIEWMRRHLAPDYRVHIISFKDPN
PMHIDATFNIIGPGIVLSNPDRPCHQIDLFKKAGWTIITPPTPIIPDDHPLWMSSKWLSM
NVLMLDEKRVMVDANEVPIQKMFEKLGITTIKVNIRNANSLGGGFHCWTCDVRRRGTLQS
YLD
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 423
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 48456
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 8.15
Enzyme 8 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 8 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 8 Specific Function L-arginine + glycine = L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
Enzyme 8 Pathways
  • Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 Link Image)
  • Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 Link Image)
Enzyme 8 Reactions
  • L-arginine + glycine = L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein 545385 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P50440 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GATM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID 3JDW Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB File Show
Enzyme 8 3D Structure
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >1272 bp
ATGCTGCGGGTGCGGTGTCTGCGCGGCGGGAGCCGCGGCGCCGAGGCGGTGCACTACATC
GGATCTCGGCTTGGACGAACCTTGACAGGATGGGTGCAGCGAACTTTCCAGAGCACCCAG
GCAGCTACGGCTTCCTCCCGGAACTCCTGTGCAGCTGACGACAAAGCCACTGAGCCTCTG
CCCAAGGACTGCCCTGTCTCTTCTTACAACGAATGGGACCCCTTAGAGGAAGTGATAGTG
GGCAGAGCAGAAAACGCCTGTGTTCCACCGTTCACCATCGAGGTGAAGGCCAACACATAT
GAAAAGTACTGGCCATTTTACCAGAAGCAAGGAGGGCATTATTTTCCCAAAGATCATTTG
AAAAAGGCTGTTGCTGAAATTGAAGAAATGTGCAATATTTTAAAAACGGAAGGAGTGACA
GTAAGGAGGCCTGACCCCATTGACTGGTCATTGAAGTATAAAACTCCTGATTTTGAGTCT
ACGGGTTTATACAGTGCAATGCCTCGAGACATCCTGATAGTTGTGGGCAATGAGATTATC
GAGGCTCCCATGGCATGGCGTTCACGCTTCTTTGAGTACCGAGCGTACAGGTCAATTATC
AAAGACTACTTCCACCGTGGCGCCAAGTGGACAACAGCTCCTAAGCCCACAATGGCTGAT
GAGCTTTATAACCAGGATTATCCCATCCACTCTGTAGAAGACAGACACAAATTGGCTGCT
CAGGGAAAATTTGTGACAACTGAGTTTGAGCCATGCTTTGATGCTGCTGACTTCATTCGA
GCTGGAAGAGATATTTTTGCACAGAGAAGCCAGGTTACAAACTACCTAGGCATTGAATGG
ATGCGTAGGCATCTTGCTCCAGACTACAGAGTGCATATCATCTCCTTTAAAGATCCCAAT
CCCATGCATATTGATGCTACCTTCAACATCATTGGACCTGGTATTGTGCTTTCCAACCCT
GACCGACCATGTCACCAGATTGATCTTTTCAAGAAAGCAGGATGGACTATCATTACTCCT
CCAACACCAATCATCCCAGACGATCATCCACTCTGGATGTCATCCAAATGGCTTTCCATG
AATGTCTTAATGCTAGATGAAAAACGTGTTATGGTGGATGCCAATGAAGTTCCAATTCAA
AAGATGTTTGAAAAGCTGGGTATCACTACCATTAAAGTTAACATTCGTAATGCCAATTCC
CTGGGAGGAGGCTTCCATTGCTGGACCTGCGATGTCCGGCGCCGAGGCACCCTACAGTCC
TACTTGGACTGA
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID S68805 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID GATM Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID GATM Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:4175 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 15
Enzyme 8 Locus 15q21.1
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. Humm A, Huber R, Mann K: The amino acid sequences of human and pig L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. FEBS Lett. 1994 Feb 14;339(1-2):101-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Humm A, Fritsche E, Mann K, Gohl M, Huber R: Recombinant expression and isolation of human L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase and identification of its active-site cysteine residue. Biochem J. 1997 Mar 15;322 ( Pt 3):771-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Humm A, Fritsche E, Steinbacher S: Structure and reaction mechanism of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. Biol Chem. 1997 Mar-Apr;378(3-4):193-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Humm A, Fritsche E, Steinbacher S, Huber R: Crystal structure and mechanism of human L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase: a mitochondrial enzyme involved in creatine biosynthesis. EMBO J. 1997 Jun 16;16(12):3373-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Fritsche E, Humm A, Huber R: The ligand-induced structural changes of human L-Arginine:Glycine amidinotransferase. A mutational and crystallographic study. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 29;274(5):3026-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 9 [top]
Enzyme 9 ID 5975
Enzyme 9 Name Glutamate decarboxylase 2
Enzyme 9 Synonyms
  1. Glutamate decarboxylase 65 kDa isoform
  2. GAD-65
  3. 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase
Enzyme 9 Gene Name GAD2
Enzyme 9 Protein Sequence >Glutamate decarboxylase 2
MASPGSGFWSFGSEDGSGDSENPGTARAWCQVAQKFTGGIGNKLCALLYGDAEKPAESGG
SQPPRAAARKAACACDQKPCSCSKVDVNYAFLHATDLLPACDGERPTLAFLQDVMNILLQ
YVVKSFDRSTKVIDFHYPNELLQEYNWELADQPQNLEEILMHCQTTLKYAIKTGHPRYFN
QLSTGLDMVGLAADWLTSTANTNMFTYEIAPVFVLLEYVTLKKMREIIGWPGGSGDGIFS
PGGAISNMYAMMIARFKMFPEVKEKGMAALPRLIAFTSEHSHFSLKKGAAALGIGTDSVI
LIKCDERGKMIPSDLERRILEAKQKGFVPFLVSATAGTTVYGAFDPLLAVADICKKYKIW
MHVDAAWGGGLLMSRKHKWKLSGVERANSVTWNPHKMMGVPLQCSALLVREEGLMQNCNQ
MHASYLFQQDKHYDLSYDTGDKALQCGRHVDVFKLWLMWRAKGTTGFEAHVDKCLELAEY
LYNIIKNREGYEMVFDGKPQHTNVCFWYIPPSLRTLEDNEERMSRLSKVAPVIKARMMEY
GTTMVSYQPLGDKVNFFRMVISNPAATHQDIDFLIEEIERLGQDL
Enzyme 9 Number of Residues 585
Enzyme 9 Molecular Weight 65412
Enzyme 9 Theoretical pI 6.89
Enzyme 9 GO Classification
Function
  • carbon-carbon lyase activity
  • carboxy-lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • lyase activity
Process
  • amino acid and derivative metabolism
  • amino acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 9 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 9 Specific Function Catalyzes the production of GABA
Enzyme 9 Pathways
Enzyme 9 Reactions
  • L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
Enzyme 9 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 9 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 9 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 9 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 9 GenBank ID Protein 182934 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q05329 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DCE2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 9 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 9 Gene Sequence >1758 bp
ATGGCATCTCCGGGCTCTGGCTTTTGGTCTTTCGGGTCGGAAGATGGCTCTGGGGATTCC
GAGAATCCCGGCACAGCGCGAGCCTGGTGCCAAGTGGCTCAGAAGTTCACGGGCGGCATC
GGAAACAAACTGTGCGCCCTGCTCTACGGAGACGCCGAGAAGCCGGCGGAGAGCGGCGGG
AGCCAACCCCCGCGGGCCGCCGCCCGGAAGGCCGCCTGCGCCTGCGACCAGAAGCCCTGC
AGCTGCTCCAAAGTGGATGTCAACTACGCGTTTCTCCATGCAACAGACCTGCTGCCGGCG
TGTGATGGAGAAAGGCCCACTTTGGCGTTTCTGCAAGATGTTATGAACATTTTACTTCAG
TATGTGGTGAAAAGTTTCGATAGATCAACCAAAGTGATTGATTTCCATTATCCTAATGAG
CTTCTCCAAGAATATAATTGGGAATTGGCAGACCAACCACAAAATTTGGAGGAAATTTTG
ATGCATTGCCAAACAACTCTAAAATATGCAATTAAAACAGGGCATCCTAGATACTTCAAT
CAACTTTCTACTGGTTTGGATATGGTTGGATTAGCAGCAGACTGGCTGACATCAACAGCA
AATACTAACATGTTCACCTATGAAATTGCTCCAGTATTTGTGCTTTTGGAATATGTCACA
CTAAAGAAAATGAGAGAAATCATTGGCTGGCCAGGGGGCTCTGGCGATGGGATATTTTCT
CCCGGTGGCGCCATATCTAACATGTATGCCATGATGATCGCACGCTTTAAGATGTTCCCA
GAAGTCAAGGAGAAAGGAATGGCTGCTCTTCCCAGGCTCATTGCCTTCACGTCTGAACAT
AGTCATTTTTCTCTCAAGAAGGGAGCTGCAGCCTTAGGGATTGGAACAGACAGCGTGATT
CTGATTAAATGTGATGAGAGAGGGAAAATGATTCCATCTGATCTTGAAAGAAGGATTCTT
GAAGCCAAACAGAAAGGGTTTGTTCCTTTCCTCGTGAGTGCCACAGCTGGAACCACCGTG
TACGGAGCATTTGACCCCCTCTTAGCTGTCGCTGACATTTGCAAAAAGTATAAGATCTGG
ATGCATGTGGATGCAGCTTGGGGTGGGGGATTACTGATGTCCCGAAAACACAAGTGGAAA
CTGAGTGGCGTGGAGAGGGCCAACTCTGTGACGTGGAATCCACACAAGATGATGGGAGTC
CCTTTGCAGTGCTCTGCTCTCCTGGTTAGAGAAGAGGGATTGATGCAGAATTGCAACCAA
ATGCATGCCTCCTACCTCTTTCAGCAAGATAAACATTATGACCTGTCCTATGACACTGGA
GACAAGGCCTTACAGTGCGGACGCCACGTTGATGTTTTTAAACTATGGCTGATGTGGAGG
GCAAAGGGGACTACCGGGTTTGAAGCGCATGTTGATAAATGTTTGGAGTTGGCAGAGTAT
TTATACAACATCATAAAAAACCGAGAAGGATATGAGATGGTGTTTGATGGGAAGCCTCAG
CACACAAATGTCTGCTTCTGGTACATTCCTCCAAGCTTGCGTACTCTGGAAGACAATGAA
GAGAGAATGAGTCGCCTCTCGAAGGTGGCTCCAGTGATTAAAGCCAGAATGATGGAGTAT
GGAACCACAATGGTCAGCTACCAACCCTTGGGAGACAAGGTCAATTTCTTCCGCATGGTC
ATCTCAAACCCAGCGGCAACTCACCAAGACATTGACTTCCTGATTGAAGAAATAGAACGC
CTTGGACAAGATTTATAA
Enzyme 9 GenBank Gene ID M81882 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GeneCard ID GAD2 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GenAtlas ID GAD2 Link Image
Enzyme 9 HGNC ID HGNC:4093 Link Image
Enzyme 9 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 9 Locus 10p11.23
Enzyme 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 9 General References
  1. Karlsen AE, Hagopian WA, Grubin CE, Dube S, Disteche CM, Adler DA, Barmeier H, Mathewes S, Grant FJ, Foster D, et al.: Cloning and primary structure of a human islet isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase from chromosome 10. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8337-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bu DF, Erlander MG, Hitz BC, Tillakaratne NJ, Kaufman DL, Wagner-McPherson CB, Evans GA, Tobin AJ: Two human glutamate decarboxylases, 65-kDa GAD and 67-kDa GAD, are each encoded by a single gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Mar 15;89(6):2115-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Bu DF, Tobin AJ: The exon-intron organization of the genes (GAD1 and GAD2) encoding two human glutamate decarboxylases (GAD67 and GAD65) suggests that they derive from a common ancestral GAD. Genomics. 1994 May 1;21(1):222-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Mauch L, Abney CC, Berg H, Scherbaum WA, Liedvogel B, Northemann W: Characterization of a linear epitope within the human pancreatic 64-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase and its autoimmune recognition by sera from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Mar 1;212(2):597-603. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kim J, Richter W, Aanstoot HJ, Shi Y, Fu Q, Rajotte R, Warnock G, Baekkeskov S: Differential expression of GAD65 and GAD67 in human, rat, and mouse pancreatic islets. Diabetes. 1993 Dec;42(12):1799-808. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Namchuk M, Lindsay L, Turck CW, Kanaani J, Baekkeskov S: Phosphorylation of serine residues 3, 6, 10, and 13 distinguishes membrane anchored from soluble glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and is restricted to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65alpha. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jan 17;272(3):1548-57. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Kanaani J, el-Husseini Ael-D, Aguilera-Moreno A, Diacovo JM, Bredt DS, Baekkeskov S: A combination of three distinct trafficking signals mediates axonal targeting and presynaptic clustering of GAD65. J Cell Biol. 2002 Sep 30;158(7):1229-38. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 9 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 10 [top]
Enzyme 10 ID 7724
Enzyme 10 Name Arginine decarboxylase
Enzyme 10 Synonyms
  1. ARGDC
  2. ADC
  3. Ornithine decarboxylase-like protein
  4. ODC-paralogue
  5. ODC-p
Enzyme 10 Gene Name ADC
Enzyme 10 Protein Sequence >Arginine decarboxylase
MAGYLSESDFVMVEEGFSTRDLLKELTLGASQATTDEVAAFFVADLGAIVRKHFCFLKCL
PRVRPFYAVKCNSSPGVLKVLAQLGLGFSCANKAEMELVQHIGIPASKIICANPCKQIAQ
IKYAAKHGIQLLSFDNEMELAKVVKSHPSAKMVLCIATDDSHSLSCLSLKFGVSLKSCRH
LLENAKKHHVEVVGVSFHIGSGCPDPQAYAQSIADARLVFEMGTELGHKMHVLDLGGGFP
GTEGAKVRFEEIASVINSALDLYFPEGCGVDIFAELGRYYVTSAFTVAVSIIAKKEVLLD
QPGREEENGSTSKTIVYHLDEGVYGIFNSVLFDNICPTPILQKKPSTEQPLYSSSLWGPA
VDGCDCVAEGLWLPQLHVGDWLVFDNMGAYTVGMGSPFWGTQACHITYAMSRVAWEALRR
QLMAAEQEDDVEGVCKPLSCGWEITDTLCVGPVFTPASIM
Enzyme 10 Number of Residues 460
Enzyme 10 Molecular Weight 49980
Enzyme 10 Theoretical pI 5.41
Enzyme 10 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
Process
  • amino acid and derivative metabolism
  • amino acid derivative metabolism
  • biogenic amine metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • polyamine biosynthesis
  • polyamine metabolism
Component
Enzyme 10 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 10 Specific Function Decarboxylates L-arginine to agmatine. Truncated splice isoforms probably lack activity
Enzyme 10 Pathways
Enzyme 10 Reactions
  • L-arginine = agmatine + CO2
Enzyme 10 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 10 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 10 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 10 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank ID Protein 15858863 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96A70 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADC_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 10 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Sequence >1383 bp
ATGGCTGGCTACCTGAGTGAATCGGACTTTGTGATGGTGGAGGAGGGCTTCAGTACCCGA
GACCTGCTGAAGGAACTCACTCTGGGGGCCTCACAGGCCACCACGGACGAGGTAGCTGCC
TTCTTCGTGGCTGACCTGGGTGCCATAGTGAGGAAGCACTTTTGCTTTCTGAAGTGCCTG
CCACGAGTCCGGCCCTTTTATGCTGTCAAGTGCAACAGCAGCCCAGGTGTGCTGAAGGTT
CTGGCCCAGCTGGGGCTGGGCTTTAGCTGTGCCAACAAGGCAGAGATGGAGTTGGTCCAG
CATATTGGAATCCCTGCCAGTAAGATCATCTGCGCCAACCCCTGTAAGCAAATTGCACAG
ATCAAATATGCTGCCAAGCATGGGATCCAGCTGCTGAGCTTTGACAATGAGATGGAGCTG
GCAAAGGTGGTAAAGAGCCACCCCAGTGCCAAGATGGTTCTGTGCATTGCTACCGATGAC
TCCCACTCCCTGAGCTGCCTGAGCCTAAAGTTTGGAGTGTCACTGAAATCCTGCAGACAC
CTGCTTGAAAATGCGAAGAAGCACCATGTGGAGGTGGTGGGTGTGAGTTTTCACATTGGC
AGTGGCTGTCCTGACCCTCAGGCCTATGCTCAGTCCATCGCAGACGCCCGGCTCGTGTTT
GAAATGGGCACCGAGCTGGGTCACAAGATGCACGTTCTGGACCTTGGTGGTGGCTTCCCT
GGCACAGAAGGGGCCAAAGTGAGATTTGAAGAGATTGCTTCCGTGATCAACTCAGCCTTG
GACCTGTACTTCCCAGAGGGCTGTGGCGTGGACATCTTTGCTGAGCTGGGGCGCTACTAC
GTGACCTCGGCCTTCACTGTGGCAGTCAGCATCATTGCCAAGAAGGAGGTTCTGCTAGAC
CAGCCTGGCAGGGAGGAGGAAAATGGTTCCACCTCCAAGACCATCGTGTACCACCTTGAT
GAGGGCGTGTATGGGATCTTCAACTCAGTCCTGTTTGACAACATCTGCCCTACCCCCATC
CTGCAGAAGAAACCATCCACGGAGCAGCCCCTGTACAGCAGCAGCCTGTGGGGCCCGGCG
GTTGATGGCTGTGATTGCGTGGCTGAGGGCCTGTGGCTGCCGCAACTACACGTAGGGGAC
TGGCTGGTCTTTGACAACATGGGCGCCTACACTGTGGGCATGGGTTCCCCCTTTTGGGGG
ACCCAGGCCTGCCACATCACCTATGCCATGTCCCGGGTGGCCTGGGAAGCGCTGCGAAGG
CAGCTGATGGCTGCAGAACAGGAGGATGACGTGGAGGGTGTGTGCAAGCCTCTGTCCTGC
GGCTGGGAGATCACAGACACCCTGTGCGTGGGCCCTGTCTTCACCCCAGCGAGCATCATG
TGA
Enzyme 10 GenBank Gene ID AY050634 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GeneCard ID ADC Link Image
Enzyme 10 GenAtlas ID ADC Link Image
Enzyme 10 HGNC ID HGNC:29957 Link Image
Enzyme 10 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 10 Locus -
Enzyme 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 10 General References
  1. Pitkanen LT, Heiskala M, Andersson LC: Expression of a novel human ornithine decarboxylase-like protein in the central nervous system and testes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Oct 12;287(5):1051-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXII. The complete sequences of 50 new cDNA clones which code for large proteins. DNA Res. 2001 Dec 31;8(6):319-27. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 10 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 11 [top]
Enzyme 11 ID 7745
Enzyme 11 Name Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit gamma-2 precursor
Enzyme 11 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit gamma-2
Enzyme 11 Gene Name GABRG2
Enzyme 11 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric-acid receptor subunit gamma-2 precursor
MSSPNIWSTGSSVYSTPVFSQKMTVWILLLLSLYPGFTSQKSDDDYEDYASNKTWVLTPK
VPEGDVTVILNNLLEGYDNKLRPDIGVKPTLIHTDMYVNSIGPVNAINMEYTIDIFFAQT
WYDRRLKFNSTIKVLRLNSNMVGKIWIPDTFFRNSKKADAHWITTPNRMLRIWNDGRVLY
TLRLTIDAECQLQLHNFPMDEHSCPLEFSSYGYPREEIVYQWKRSSVEVGDTRSWRLYQF
SFVGLRNTTEVVKTTSGDYVVMSVYFDLSRRMGYFTIQTYIPCTLIVVLSWVSFWINKDA
VPARTSLGITTVLTMTTLSTIARKSLPKVSYVTAMDLFVSVCFIFVFSALVEYGTLHYFV
SNRKPSKDKDKKKKNPAPTIDIRPRSATIQMNNATHLQERDEEYGYECLDGKDCASFFCC
FEDCRTGAWRHGRIHIRIAKMDSYARIFFPTAFCLFNLVYWVSYLYL
Enzyme 11 Number of Residues 467
Enzyme 11 Molecular Weight 54163
Enzyme 11 Theoretical pI 8.60
Enzyme 11 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 11 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 11 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 11 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 11 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 11 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 11 Signals
  • 1-39
Enzyme 11 Transmembrane Regions
  • 274-296 300-322 334-356 444-466
Enzyme 11 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 11 GenBank ID Protein 31637 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P18507 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRG2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 11 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 11 Gene Sequence >1404 bp
ATGAGTTCACCAAATATATGGAGCACAGGAAGCTCAGTCTACTCGACTCCTGTATTTTCA
CAGAAAATGACGGTGTGGATTCTGCTCCTGCTGTCGCTCTACCCTGGCTTCACTAGCCAG
AAATCTGATGATGACTATGAAGATTATGCTTCTAACAAAACATGGGTCTTGACTCCAAAA
GTTCCTGAGGGTGATGTCACTGTCATCTTAAACAACCTGCTGGAAGGATATGACAATAAA
CTTCGGCCTGATATAGGAGTGAAGCCAACGTTAATTCACACAGACATGTATGTGAATAGC
ATTGGTCCAGTGAACGCTATCAATATGGAATACACTATTGATATATTTTTTGCGCAAATG
TGGTATGACAGACGTTTGAAATTTAACAGCACCATTAAAGTCCTCCGATTGAACAGCAAC
ATGGTGGGGAAAATCTGGATTCCAGACACTTTCTTCAGAAATTCCAAAAAAGCTGATGCA
CACTGGATCACCACCCCCAACAGGATGCTGAGAATTTGGAATGATGGTCGAGTGCTCTAC
TCCCTAAGGTTGACAATTGATGCTGAGTGCCAATTACAATTGCACAATTTTCCAATGGAT
GAACACTCCTGCCCCTTGGAGTTCTCCAGTTATGGCTATCCACGTGAAGAAATTGTTTAT
CAATGGAAGCGAAGTTCTGTTGAAGTGGGCGACACAAGATCCTGGAGGCTTTATCAATTC
TCATTTGTTGGTCTAAGAAATACCACCGAAGTAGTGAAGACAACTTCCGGAGATTATGTG
GTCATGTCTGTCTACTTTGATCTGAGCAGAAGAATGGGATACTTTACCATCCAGACCTAT
ATCCCCTGCACACTCATTGTCGTCCTATCCTGGGTGTCTTTCTGGATCAATAAGGATGCT
GTTCCAGCCAGAACATCTTTAGGTATCACCACTGTCCTGACAATGACCACCCTCAGCACC
ATTGCCCGGAAATCGCTCCCCAAGGTCTCCTATGTCACAGCGATGGATCTCTTTGTATCT
GTTTGTTTCATCTTTGTCTTCTCTGCTCTGGTGGAGTATGGCACCTTGCATTATTTTGTC
AGCAACCGGAAACCAAGCAAGGACAAAGATAAAAAGAAGAAAAACCCTGCCCCTACCATT
GATATCCGCCCAAGATCAGCAACCATTCAAATGAATAATGCTACACACCTTCAAGAGAGA
GATGAAGAGTACGGCTATGAGTGTCTGGACGGCAAGGACTGTGCCAGTTTTTTCTGCTGT
TTTGAAGATTGTCGAACAGGAGCTTGGAGACATGGGAGGATACATATCCGCATTGCCAAA
ATGGACTCCTATGCTCGGATCTTCTTCCCCACTGCCTTCTGCCTGTTTAATCTGGTCTAT
TGGGTCTCCTACCTCTACCTGTGA
Enzyme 11 GenBank Gene ID X15376 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GeneCard ID GABRG2 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GenAtlas ID GABRG2 Link Image
Enzyme 11 HGNC ID HGNC:4087 Link Image
Enzyme 11 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 11 Locus 5q31.1-q33.1
Enzyme 11 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 11 General References
  1. Pritchett DB, Sontheimer H, Shivers BD, Ymer S, Kettenmann H, Schofield PR, Seeburg PH: Importance of a novel GABAA receptor subunit for benzodiazepine pharmacology. Nature. 1989 Apr 13;338(6216):582-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wang H, Bedford FK, Brandon NJ, Moss SJ, Olsen RW: GABA(A)-receptor-associated protein links GABA(A) receptors and the cytoskeleton. Nature. 1999 Jan 7;397(6714):69-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Baulac S, Huberfeld G, Gourfinkel-An I, Mitropoulou G, Beranger A, Prud'homme JF, Baulac M, Brice A, Bruzzone R, LeGuern E: First genetic evidence of GABA(A) receptor dysfunction in epilepsy: a mutation in the gamma2-subunit gene. Nat Genet. 2001 May;28(1):46-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Wallace RH, Marini C, Petrou S, Harkin LA, Bowser DN, Panchal RG, Williams DA, Sutherland GR, Mulley JC, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF: Mutant GABA(A) receptor gamma2-subunit in childhood absence epilepsy and febrile seizures. Nat Genet. 2001 May;28(1):49-52. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 11 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 12 [top]
Enzyme 12 ID 7818
Enzyme 12 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor, subunit 1 precursor
Enzyme 12 Synonyms
  1. GABA-B receptor 1
  2. GABA-B-R1
  3. Gb1
Enzyme 12 Gene Name GABBR1
Enzyme 12 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor, subunit 1 precursor
MLLLLLLAPLFLRPPGAGGAQTPNATSEGCQIIHPPWEGGIRYRGLTRDQVKAINFLPVD
YEIEYVCRGEREVVGPKVRKCLANGSWTDMDTPSRCVRICSKSYLTLENGKVFLTGGDLP
ALDGARVDFRCDPDFHLVGSSRSICSQGQWSTPKPHCQVNRTPHSERRAVYIGALFPMSG
GWPGGQACQPAVEMALEDVNSRRDILPDYELKLIHHDSKCDPGQATKYLYELLYNDPIKI
ILMPGCSSVSTLVAEAARMWNLIVLSYGSSSPALSNRQRFPTFFRTHPSATLHNPTRVKL
FEKWGWKKIATIQQTTEVFTSTLDDLEERVKEAGIEITFRQSFFSDPAVPVKNLKRQDAR
IIVGLFYETEARKVFCEVYKERLFGKKYVWFLIGWYADNWFKIYDPSINCTVDEMTEAVE
GHITTEIVMLNPANTRSISNMTSQEFVEKLTKRLKRHPEETGGFQEAPLAYDAIWALALA
LNKTSGGGGRSGVRLEDFNYNNQTITDQIYRAMNSSSFEGVSGHVVFDASGSRMAWTLIE
QLQGGSYKKIGYYDSTKDDLSWSKTDKWIGGSPPADQTLVIKTFRFLSQKLFISVSVLSS
LGIVLAVVCLSFNIYNSHVRYIQNSQPNLNNLTAVGCSLALAAVFPLGLDGYHIGRNQFP
FVCQARLWLLGLGFSLGYGSMFTKIWWVHTVFTKKEEKKEWRKTLEPWKLYATVGLLVGM
DVLTLAIWQIVDPLHRTIETFAKEEPKEDIDVSILPQLEHCSSRKMNTWLGIFYGYKGLL
LLLGIFLAYETKSVSTEKINDHRAVGMAIYNVAVLCLITAPVTMILSSQQDAAFAFASLA
IVFSSYITLVVLFVPKMRRLITRGEWQSEAQDTMKTGSSTNNNEEEKSRLLEKENRELEK
IIAEKEERVSELRHQLQSRQQLRSRRHPPTPPEPSGGLPRGPPEPPDRLSCDGSRVHLLY
K
Enzyme 12 Number of Residues 961
Enzyme 12 Molecular Weight 108321
Enzyme 12 Theoretical pI 8.30
Enzyme 12 GO Classification
Function
  • G-protein coupled receptor activity
  • GABA-B receptor activity
  • metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
Process
Component
  • cell
  • membrane
Enzyme 12 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 12 Specific Function Isoform 1E function may be to regulate the availability of functional GABA-B-R1A/GABA-B-R2 heterodimers by competing for GABA-B-R2 dimerization. This could explain the observation that certain small molecule ligands exhibit differential affinity for central versus peripheral sites
Enzyme 12 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 12 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 12 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 12 Signals
  • 1-14
Enzyme 12 Transmembrane Regions
  • 592-612 632-652 668-688 711-731 769-789 805-825 834-854
Enzyme 12 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 12 GenBank ID Protein 3892594 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UBS5 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GABR1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 12 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 12 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 12 Gene Sequence >2886 bp
ATGTTGCTGCTGCTGTTACTGGCGCCACTCTTCCTCCGCCCCCCGGGCGCGGGCGGGGCG
CAGACCCCCAACGCCACCTCAGAAGGTTGCCAGATCATACACCCGCCCTGGGAAGGGGGC
ATCAGGTACCGGGGCCTGACTCGGGACCAGGTGAAGGCTATCAACTTCCTGCCAGTGGAC
TATGAGATTGAGTATGTGTGCCGGGGGGAGCGCGAGGTGGTGGGGCCCAAGGTCCGCAAG
TGCCTGGCCAACGGCTCCTGGACAGATATGGACACACCCAGCCGCTGTGTCCGAATCTGC
TCCAAGTCTTATTTGACCCTGGAAAATGGGAAGGTTTTCCTGACGGGTGGGGACCTCCCA
GCTCTGGACGGAGCCCGGGTGGATTTCCGGTGTGACCCCGACTTCCATCTGGTGGGCAGC
TCCCGGAGCATCTGTAGTCAGGGCCAGTGGAGCACCCCCAAGCCCCACTGCCAGGTGAAT
CGAACGCCACACTCAGAACGGCGCGCAGTGTACATCGGGGCACTGTTTCCCATGAGCGGG
GGCTGGCCAGGGGGCCAGGCCTGCCAGCCCGCGGTGGAGATGGCGCTGGAGGACGTGAAT
AGCCGCAGGGACATCCTGCCGGACTATGAGCTCAAGCTCATCCACCACGACAGCAAGTGT
GATCCAGGCCAAGCCACCAAGTACCTATATGAGCTGCTCTACAACGACCCTATCAAGATC
ATCCTTATGCCTGGCTGCAGCTCTGTCTCCACGCTGGTGGCTGAGGCTGCTAGGATGTGG
AACCTCATTGTGCTTTCCTATGGCTCCAGCTCACCAGCCCTGTCAAACCGGCAGCGTTTC
CCCACTTTCTTCCGAACGCACCCATCAGCCACACTCCACAACCCTACCCGCGTGAAACTC
TTTGAAAAGTGGGGCTGGAAGAAGATTGCTACCATCCAGCAGACCACTGAGGTCTTCACT
TCGACTCTGGACGACCTGGAGGAACGAGTGAAGGAGGCTGGAATTGAGATTACTTTCCGC
CAGAGTTTCTTCTCAGATCCAGCTGTGCCCGTCAAAAACCTGAAGCGCCAGGATGCCCGA
ATCATCGTGGGACTTTTCTATGAGACTGAAGCCCGGAAAGTTTTTTGTGAGGTGTACAAG
GAGCGTCTCTTTGGGAAGAAGTACGTCTGGTTCCTCATTGGGTGGTATGCTGACAATTGG
TTCAAGATCTACGACCCTTCTATCAACTGCACAGTGGATGAGATGACTGAGGCGGTGGAG
GGCCACATCACAACTGAGATTGTCATGCTGAATCCTGCCAATACCCGCAGCATTTCCAAC
ATGACATCCCAGGAATTTGTGGAGAAACTAACCAAGCGACTGAAAAGACACCCTGAGGAG
ACAGGAGGCTTCCAGGAGGCACCGCTGGCCTATGATGCCATCTGGGCCTTGGCACTGGCC
CTGAACAAGACATCTGGAGGAGGCGGCCGTTCTGGTGTGCGCCTGGAGGACTTCAACTAC
AACAACCAGACCATTACCGACCAAATCTACCGGGCAATGAACTCTTCGTCCTTTGAGGGT
GTCTCTGGCCATGTGGTGTTTGATGCCAGCGGCTCTCGGATGGCATGGACGCTTATCGAG
CAGCTTCAGGGTGGCAGCTACAAGAAGATTGGCTACTATGACAGCACCAAGGATGATCTT
TCCTGGTCCAAAACAGATAAATGGATTGGAGGGTCCCCCCCAGCTGACCAGACCCTGGTC
ATCAAGACATTCCGCTTCCTGTCACAGAAACTCTTTATCTCCGTCTCAGTTCTCTCCAGC
CTGGGCATTGTCCTAGCTGTTGTCTGTCTGTCCTTTAACATCTACAACTCACATGTCCGT
TATATCCAGAACTCACAGCCCAACCTGAACAACCTGACTGCTGTGGGCTGCTCACTGGCT
TTAGCTGCTGTCTTCCCCCTGGGGCTCGATGGTTACCACATTGGGAGGAACCAGTTTCCT
TTCGTCTGCCAGGCCCGCCTCTGGCTCCTGGGCCTGGGCTTTAGTCTGGGCTACGGTTCC
ATGTTCACCAAGATTTGGTGGGTCCACACGGTCTTCACAAAGAAGGAAGAAAAGAAGGAG
TGGAGGAAGACTCTGGAACCCTGGAAGCTGTATGCCACAGTGGGCCTGCTGGTGGGCATG
GATGTCCTCACTCTCGCCATCTGGCAGATCGTGGACCCTCTGCACCGGACCATTGAGACA
TTTGCCAAGGAGGAACCTAAGGAAGATATTGACGTCTCTATTCTGCCCCAGCTGGAGCAT
TGCAGCTCCAGGAAGATGAATACATGGCTTGGCATTTTCTATGGTTACAAGGGGCTGCTG
CTGCTGCTGGGAATCTTCCTTGCTTATGAGACCAAGAGTGTGTCCACTGAGAAGATCAAT
GATCACCGGGCTGTGGGCATGGCTATCTACAATGTGGCAGTCCTGTGCCTCATCACTGCT
CCTGTCACCATGATTCTGTCCAGCCAGCAGGATGCAGCCTTTGCCTTTGCCTCTCTTGCC
ATAGTTTTCTCCTCCTATATCACTCTTGTTGTGCTCTTTGTGCCCAAGATGCGCAGGCTG
ATCACCCGAGGGGAATGGCAGTCGGAGGCGCAGGACACCATGAAGACAGGGTCATCGACC
AACAACAACGAGGAGGAGAAGTCCCGGCTGTTGGAGAAGGAGAACCGTGAACTGGAAAAG
ATCATTGCTGAGAAAGAGGAGCGTGTCTCTGAACTGCGCCATCAACTCCAGTCTCGGCAG
CAGCTCCGCTCCCGGCGCCACCCACCGACACCCCCAGAACCCTCTGGGGGCCTGCCCAGG
GGACCCCCTGAGCCCCCCGACCGGCTTAGCTGTGATGGGAGTCGAGTGCATTTGCTTTAT
AAGTGA
Enzyme 12 GenBank Gene ID AJ225028 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GeneCard ID GABBR1 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GenAtlas ID GABBR1 Link Image
Enzyme 12 HGNC ID HGNC:4070 Link Image
Enzyme 12 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 12 Locus 6p21.31
Enzyme 12 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 12 General References
  1. Kaupmann K, Schuler V, Mosbacher J, Bischoff S, Bittiger H, Heid J, Froestl W, Leonhard S, Pfaff T, Karschin A, Bettler B: Human gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptors are differentially expressed and regulate inwardly rectifying K+ channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Dec 8;95(25):14991-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. White JH, Wise A, Main MJ, Green A, Fraser NJ, Disney GH, Barnes AA, Emson P, Foord SM, Marshall FH: Heterodimerization is required for the formation of a functional GABA(B) receptor. Nature. 1998 Dec 17;396(6712):679-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Grifa A, Totaro A, Rommens JM, Carella M, Roetto A, Borgato L, Zelante L, Gasparini P: GABA (gamma-amino-butyric acid) neurotransmission: identification and fine mapping of the human GABAB receptor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Sep 18;250(2):240-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Goei VL, Choi J, Ahn J, Bowlus CL, Raha-Chowdhury R, Gruen JR: Human gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor gene: complementary DNA cloning, expression, chromosomal location, and genomic organization. Biol Psychiatry. 1998 Oct 15;44(8):659-66. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Peters HC, Kammer G, Volz A, Kaupmann K, Ziegler A, Bettler B, Epplen JT, Sander T, Riess O: Mapping, genomic structure, and polymorphisms of the human GABABR1 receptor gene: evaluation of its involvement in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Neurogenetics. 1998 Dec;2(1):47-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Makoff A: Molecular cloning of human GABABR1 and its tissue distribution. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1999 Jan 22;64(1):137-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Schwarz DA, Barry G, Eliasof SD, Petroski RE, Conlon PJ, Maki RA: Characterization of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor GABAB(1e), a GABAB(1) splice variant encoding a truncated receptor. J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 13;275(41):32174-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Sullivan R, Chateauneuf A, Coulombe N, Kolakowski LF Jr, Johnson MP, Hebert TE, Ethier N, Belley M, Metters K, Abramovitz M, O'Neill GP, Ng GY: Coexpression of full-length gamma-aminobutyric acid(B) (GABA(B)) receptors with truncated receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 supports the GABA(B) heterodimer as the functional receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):460-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Kuner R, Kohr G, Grunewald S, Eisenhardt G, Bach A, Kornau HC: Role of heteromer formation in GABAB receptor function. Science. 1999 Jan 1;283(5398):74-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Sander T, Peters C, Kammer G, Samochowiec J, Zirra M, Mischke D, Ziegler A, Kaupmann K, Bettler B, Epplen JT, Riess O: Association analysis of exonic variants of the gene encoding the GABAB receptor and idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Aug 20;88(4):305-10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 12 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 13 [top]
Enzyme 13 ID 7966
Enzyme 13 Name Hypothetical protein GAD1
Enzyme 13 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 13 Gene Name GAD1
Enzyme 13 Protein Sequence >Hypothetical protein GAD1
MASSTPSSSATSSNAGADPNTTNLRPTTYDTWCGVAHGCTRKLGLKICGFLQRTNSLEEK
SRLVSAFKERQSSKNLLSCENSDRDARFRRTETDFSNLFARDLLPAKNGEEQTVQFLLEV
VDILLNYVRKTFDRSTKVLDFHHPHQLLEGMEGFNLELSDHPESLEQILVDCRDTLKYGV
RTGHPRFFNQLSTGLDIIGLAGEWLTSTANTNMFTYEIAPVFVLMEQITLKKMREIVGWS
SKDGDGIFSPGGAISNMYSIMAARYKYFPEVKTKGMAAVPKLVLFTSEQSHYSIKKAGAA
LGFGTDNVILIKCNERGKIIPADFEAKILEAKQKGYVPFYVNATAGTTVYGAFDPIQEIA
DICEKYNLWLHVDAAWGGGLLMSRKHRHKLNGIERANSVTWNPHKMMGVLLQCSAILVKE
KGILQGCNQMCAGYLFQPDKQYDVSYDTGDKAIQCGRHVDIFKFWLMWKAKGTVGFENQI
NKCLELAEYLYAKIKNREEFEMVFNGEPEHTNVCFWYIPQSLRGVPDSPQRREKLHKVAP
KIKALMMESGTTMVGYQPQGDKANFFRMVISNPAATQSDIDFLIEEIERLGQDL
Enzyme 13 Number of Residues 594
Enzyme 13 Molecular Weight 66897
Enzyme 13 Theoretical pI 7.67
Enzyme 13 GO Classification
Function
  • carbon-carbon lyase activity
  • carboxy-lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • lyase activity
Process
  • amino acid and derivative metabolism
  • amino acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 13 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 13 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 13 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 13 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 13 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 13 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 13 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 13 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 13 GenBank ID Protein 62988850 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q53TQ7 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q53TQ7_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 13 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 13 Gene Sequence >1785 bp
ATGGCGTCTTCGACCCCATCTTCGTCCGCAACCTCCTCGAACGCGGGAGCGGACCCCAAT
ACCACTAACCTGCGCCCCACAACGTACGATACCTGGTGCGGCGTGGCCCATGGATGCACC
AGAAAACTGGGGCTCAAGATCTGCGGCTTCTTGCAAAGGACCAACAGCCTGGAAGAGAAG
AGTCGCCTTGTGAGTGCCTTCAAGGAGAGGCAATCCTCCAAGAACCTGCTTTCCTGTGAA
AACAGCGACCGGGATGCCCGCTTCCGGCGCACAGAGACTGACTTCTCTAATCTGTTTGCT
AGAGATCTGCTTCCGGCTAAGAACGGTGAGGAGCAAACCGTGCAATTCCTCCTGGAAGTG
GTGGACATACTCCTCAACTATGTCCGCAAGACATTTGATCGCTCCACCAAGGTGCTGGAC
TTTCATCACCCACACCAGTTGCTGGAAGGCATGGAGGGCTTCAACTTGGAGCTCTCTGAC
CACCCCGAGTCCCTGGAGCAGATCCTGGTTGACTGCAGAGACACCTTGAAGTATGGGGTT
CGCACAGGTCATCCTCGATTTTTCAACCAGCTCTCCACTGGATTGGATATTATTGGCCTA
GCTGGAGAATGGCTGACATCAACGGCCAATACCAACATGTTTACATATGAAATTGCACCA
GTGTTTGTCCTCATGGAACAAATAACACTTAAGAAGATGAGAGAGATAGTTGGATGGTCA
AGTAAAGATGGTGATGGGATATTTTCTCCTGGGGGCGCCATATCCAACATGTACAGCATC
ATGGCTGCTCGCTACAAGTACTTCCCGGAAGTTAAGACAAAGGGCATGGCGGCTGTGCCT
AAACTGGTCCTCTTCACCTCAGAACAGAGTCACTATTCCATAAAGAAAGCTGGGGCTGCA
CTTGGCTTTGGAACTGACAATGTGATTTTGATAAAGTGCAATGAAAGGGGGAAAATAATT
CCAGCTGATTTTGAGGCAAAAATTCTTGAAGCCAAACAGAAGGGATATGTTCCCTTTTAT
GTCAATGCAACTGCTGGCACGACTGTTTATGGAGCTTTTGATCCGATACAAGAGATTGCA
GATATATGTGAGAAATATAACCTTTGGTTGCATGTCGATGCTGCCTGGGGAGGTGGGCTG
CTCATGTCCAGGAAGCACCGCCATAAACTCAACGGCATAGAAAGGGCCAACTCAGTCACC
TGGAACCCTCACAAGATGATGGGCGTGCTGTTGCAGTGCTCTGCCATTCTCGTCAAGGAA
AAGGGTATACTCCAAGGATGCAACCAGATGTGTGCAGGATACCTCTTCCAGCCAGACAAG
CAGTATGATGTCTCCTACGACACCGGGGACAAGGCAATTCAGTGTGGCCGCCACGTGGAT
ATCTTCAAGTTCTGGCTGATGTGGAAAGCAAAGGGCACAGTGGGATTTGAAAACCAGATC
AACAAATGCCTGGAACTGGCTGAATACCTCTATGCCAAGATTAAAAACAGAGAAGAATTT
GAGATGGTTTTCAATGGCGAGCCTGAGCACACAAACGTCTGTTTTTGGTATATTCCACAA
AGCCTCAGGGGTGTGCCAGACAGCCCTCAACGACGGGAAAAGCTACACAAGGTGGCTCCA
AAAATCAAAGCCCTGATGATGGAGTCAGGTACGACCATGGTTGGCTACCAGCCCCAAGGG
GACAAGGCCAACTTCTTCCGGATGGTCATCTCCAACCCAGCCGCTACCCAGTCTGACATT
GACTTCCTCATTGAGGAGATAGAAAGACTGGGCCAGGATCTGTAA
Enzyme 13 GenBank Gene ID AC007405 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GeneCard ID GAD1 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GenAtlas ID GAD1 Link Image
Enzyme 13 HGNC ID HGNC:4092 Link Image
Enzyme 13 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 13 Locus 2q31
Enzyme 13 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 13 General References Not Available
Enzyme 13 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 14 [top]
Enzyme 14 ID 12979
Enzyme 14 Name cDNA FLJ75643, highly similar to Homo sapiens 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase
Enzyme 14 Synonyms
  1. ABAT, nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, transcript variant 2, mRNA
Enzyme 14 Gene Name Not Available
Enzyme 14 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ75643, highly similar to Homo sapiens 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase
MASMLLAQRLACSFQHSYRLLVPGSRHISQAAAKVDVEFDYDGPLMKTEVPGPRSQELMK
QLNIIQNAEAVHFFCNYEESRGNYLVDVDGNRMLDLYSQISSVPIGYSHPALLKLIQQPQ
NASMFVNRPALGILPPENFVEKLRQSLLSVAPKGMSQLITMACGSCSNENALKTIFMWYR
SKERGQRGFSQEELETCMINQAPGCPDYSILSFMGAFHGRTMGCLATTHSKAIHKIDIPS
FDWPIAPFPRLKYPLEEFVKENQQEEARCLEEVEDLIVKYRKKKKTVAGIIVEPIQSEGG
DNHASDDFFRKLRDIARKHGCAFLVDEVQTGGGCTGKFWAHEHWGLDDPADVMTFSKKMM
TGGFFHKEEFRPNAPYRIFNTWLGDPSKNLLLAEVINIIKREDLLNNAAHAGKALLTGLL
DLQARYPQFISRVRGRGTFCSFDTPDDSIRNKLILIARNKGVVLGGCGDKSIRFRPTLVF
RDHHAHLFLNIFSDILADFK
Enzyme 14 Number of Residues 500
Enzyme 14 Molecular Weight 56440
Enzyme 14 Theoretical pI 8.04
Enzyme 14 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 14 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 14 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 14 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 14 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 14 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 14 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 14 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 14 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 14 GenBank ID Protein 158254434 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A8K386 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A8K386_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB ID 1OHY Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB File Show
Enzyme 14 3D Structure
Enzyme 14 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 14 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 14 GenBank Gene ID AK290501 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GeneCard ID A8K386 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 14 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 14 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 14 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 14 SNPs Not Available
Enzyme 14 General References Not Available
Enzyme 14 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 15 [top]
Enzyme 15 ID 13041
Enzyme 15 Name Probable glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 15 Synonyms
  1. Glutamate--tRNA ligase
  2. GluRS
Enzyme 15 Gene Name EARS2
Enzyme 15 Protein Sequence >Probable glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial precursor
MAALLRRLLQRERPSAASGRPVGRREANLGTDAGVAVRVRFAPSPTGFLHLGGLRTALYN
YIFAKKYQGSFILRLEDTDQTRVVPGAAENIEDMLEWAGIPPDESPRRGGPAGPYQQSQR
LELYAQATEALLKTGAAYPCFCSPQRLELLKKEALRNHQTPRYDNRCRNMSQEQVAQKLA
KDPKPAIRFRLEQVVPAFQDLVYGWNRHEVASVEGDPVIMKSDGFPTYHLACVVDDHHMG
ISHVLRGSEWLVSTAKHLLLYQALGWQPPHFAHLPLLLNRDGSKLSKRQGDVFLEHFAAD
GFLPDSLLDIITNCGSGFAENQMGRTLPELITQFNLTQVTCHSALLDLEKLPEFNRLHLQ
RLVSNESQRRQLVGKLQVLVEEAFGCQLQNRDVLNPVYVERILLLRQGHICRLQDLVSPV
YSYLWTRPAVGRAQLDAISEKVDVIAKRVLGLLERSSMSLTQDMLNGELKKLSEGLEGTK
YSNVMKLLRMALSGQQQGPPVAEMMLALGPKEVRERIQKVVSS
Enzyme 15 Number of Residues 523
Enzyme 15 Molecular Weight 58689
Enzyme 15 Theoretical pI 8.98
Enzyme 15 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • RNA ligase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • glutamate-tRNA ligase activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming phosphoric ester bonds
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • tRNA ligase activity
Process
  • RNA metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation
  • macromolecule biosynthesis
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • protein biosynthesis
  • tRNA aminoacylation
  • tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation
  • tRNA metabolism
Component
  • aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
  • protein complex
  • unlocalized protein complex
Enzyme 15 General Function Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Enzyme 15 Specific Function ATP + L-glutamate + tRNA(Glu) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
Enzyme 15 Pathways
Enzyme 15 Reactions
  • ATP + L-glutamate + tRNAGlu = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNAGlu [RN:R05578] ALL_REAC R05578
Enzyme 15 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 15 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 15 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 15 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 15 GenBank ID Protein 57997136 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q5JPH6 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SYEM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 15 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 15 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 15 GenBank Gene ID AL832489 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GeneCard ID Q5JPH6 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GenAtlas ID EARS2 Link Image
Enzyme 15 HGNC ID HGNC:29419 Link Image
Enzyme 15 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 15 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 15 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 15 General References
  1. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXII. The complete sequences of 50 new cDNA clones which code for large proteins. DNA Res. 2001 Dec 31;8(6):319-27. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 15 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 16 [top]
Enzyme 16 ID 13123
Enzyme 16 Name cDNA, FLJ96771, Homo sapiens ornithine decarboxylase-like protein (ODC-p), mRNA (Arginine decarboxylase, isoform CRA_d)
Enzyme 16 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 16 Gene Name ADC
Enzyme 16 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ96771, Homo sapiens ornithine decarboxylase-like protein (ODC-p)
MAGYLSESDFVMVEEGFSTRDLLKELTLGASQATTDEVAAFFVADLGAIVRKHFCFLKCL
PRVRPFYAVKCNSSPGVLKVLAQLGLGFSCANKAEMELVQHIGIPASKIICANPCKQIAQ
IKYAAKHGIQLLSFDNEMELAKVVKSHPSAKMVLCIATDDSHSLSCLSLKFGVSLKSCRH
LLENAKKHHVEVVGVSFHIGSGCPDPQAYAQSIADARLVFEMGTELGHKMHVLDLGGGFP
GTEGAKVRFEEIASVINSALDLYFPEGCGVDIFAELGRYYVTSAFTVAVSIIAKKEVLLD
QPGREEENGSTSKTIVYHLDEGVYGIFNSVLFDNICPTPILQKKPSTEQPLYSSSLWGPA
VDGCDCVAEGLWLPQLHVGDWLVFDNMGAYTVGMGSPFWGTQACHITYAMSRVAWEALRR
QLMAAEQEDDVEGVCKPLSCGWEITDTLCVGPVFTPASIM
Enzyme 16 Number of Residues 460
Enzyme 16 Molecular Weight 49980
Enzyme 16 Theoretical pI Not Available
Enzyme 16 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 16 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 16 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 16 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 16 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 16 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 16 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 16 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 16 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 16 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2RDU5 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2RDU5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 16 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 16 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 16 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 GeneCard ID B2RDU5 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 16 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 16 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 16 General References Not Available
Enzyme 16 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 17 [top]
Enzyme 17 ID 13416
Enzyme 17 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 precursor
Enzyme 17 Synonyms
  1. GABA-B receptor 2
  2. GABA-B-R2
  3. Gb2
  4. GABABR2
  5. G-protein coupled receptor 51
  6. HG20
Enzyme 17 Gene Name GABBR2
Enzyme 17 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 precursor
MASPRSSGQPGPPPPPPPPPARLLLLLLLPLLLPLAPGAWGWARGAPRPPPSSPPLSIMG
LMPLTKEVAKGSIGRGVLPAVELAIEQIRNESLLRPYFLDLRLYDTECDNAKGLKAFYDA
IKYGPNHLMVFGGVCPSVTSIIAESLQGWNLVQLSFAATTPVLADKKKYPYFFRTVPSDN
AVNPAILKLLKHYQWKRVGTLTQDVQRFSEVRNDLTGVLYGEDIEISDTESFSNDPCTSV
KKLKGNDVRIILGQFDQNMAAKVFCCAYEENMYGSKYQWIIPGWYEPSWWEQVHTEANSS
RCLRKNLLAAMEGYIGVDFEPLSSKQIKTISGKTPQQYEREYNNKRSGVGPSKFHGYAYD
GIWVIAKTLQRAMETLHASSRHQRIQDFNYTDHTLGRIILNAMNETNFFGVTGQVVFRNG
ERMGTIKFTQFQDSREVKVGEYNAVADTLEIINDTIRFQGSEPPKDKTIILEQLRKISLP
LYSILSALTILGMIMASAFLFFNIKNRNQKLIKMSSPYMNNLIILGGMLSYASIFLFGLD
GSFVSEKTFETLCTVRTWILTVGYTTAFGAMFAKTWRVHAIFKNVKMKKKIIKDQKLLVI
VGGMLLIDLCILICWQAVDPLRRTVEKYSMEPDPAGRDISIRPLLEHCENTHMTIWLGIV
YAYKGLLMLFGCFLAWETRNVSIPALNDSKYIGMSVYNVGIMCIIGAAVSFLTRDQPNVQ
FCIVALVIIFCSTITLCLVFVPKLITLRTNPDAATQNRRFQFTQNQKKEDSKTSTSVTSV
NQASTSRLEGLQSENHRLRMKITELDKDLEEVTMQLQDTPEKTTYIKQNHYQELNDILNL
GNFTESTDGGKAILKNHLDQNPQLQWNTTEPSRTCKDPIEDINSPEHIQRRLSLQLPILH
HAYLPSIGGVDASCVSPCVSPTASPRHRHVPPSFRVMVSGL
Enzyme 17 Number of Residues 941
Enzyme 17 Molecular Weight 105823
Enzyme 17 Theoretical pI 8.83
Enzyme 17 GO Classification
Function
  • G-protein coupled receptor activity
  • GABA-B receptor activity
  • metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
Process
Component
  • cell
  • membrane
Enzyme 17 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 17 Specific Function Receptor for GABA. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G-proteins that inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-dependent calcium-channels and modulates inositol phospholipids hydrolysis. Plays a critical role in the fine-tuning of inhibitory synaptic transmission. Pre-synaptic GABA-B-R inhibit neurotransmitter release by down-regulating high- voltage activated calcium channels, whereas postsynaptic GABA-B-R decrease neuronal excitability by activating a prominent inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) conductance that underlies the late inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Not only implicated in synaptic inhibition but also in hippocampal long-term potentiation, slow wave sleep, muscle relaxation and antinociception
Enzyme 17 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 17 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 17 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 17 Signals
  • 1-41
Enzyme 17 Transmembrane Regions
  • 484-504 523-543 552-572 598-618 655-675 692-712 721-741
Enzyme 17 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 17 GenBank ID Protein 3776098 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O75899 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GABR2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 17 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 17 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Sequence >2826 bp
ATGGCTTCCCCGCGGAGCTCCGGGCAGCCCGGGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCGCCACCGCCGCCC
GCGCGCCTGCTACTGCTACTGCTGCTGCCGCTGCTGCTGCCTCTGGCGCCCGGGGCCTGG
GGCTGGGCGCGGGGCGCCCCCCGGCCGCCGCCCAGCAGCCCGCCGCTCTCCATCATGGGC
CTCATGCCGCTCACCAAGGAGGTGGCCAAGGGCAGCATCGGGCGCGGTGTGCTCCCCGCC
GTGGAACTGGCCATCGAGCAGATCCGCAACGAGTCACTCCTGCGCCCCTACTTCCTCGAC
CTGCGGCTCTATGACACGGAGTGCGACAACGCAAAAGGGTTGAAAGCCTTCTACGATGCA
ATAAAATACGGGCCTAACCACTTGATGGTGTTTGGAGGCGTCTGTCCATCCGTCACATCC
ATCATTGCAGAGTCCCTCCAAGGCTGGAATCTGGTGCAGCTTTCTTTTGCTGCAACCACG
CCTGTTCTAGCCGATAAGAAAAAATACCCTTATTTCTTTCGGACCGTCCCATCAGACAAT
GCGGTGAATCCAGCCATTCTGAAGTTGCTCAAGCACTACCAGTGGAAGCGCGTGGGCACG
CTGACGCAAGACGTTCAGAGGTTCTCTGAGGTGCGGAATGACCTGACTGGAGTTCTGTAT
GGCGAGGACATTGAGATTTCAGACACCGAGAGCTTCTCCAACGATCCCTGTACCAGTGTC
AAAAAGCTGAAGGGGAATGATGTGCGGATCATCCTTGGCCAGTTTGACCAGAATATGGCA
GCAAAAGTGTTCTGTTGTGCATACGAGGAGAACATGTATGGTAGTAAATATCAGTGGATC
ATTCCGGGCTGGTACGAGCCTTCTTGGTGGGAGCAGGTGCACACGGAAGCCAACTCATCC
CGCTGCCTCCGGAAGAATCTGCTTGCTGCCATGGAGGGCTACATTGGCGTGGATTTCGAG
CCCCTGAGCTCCAAGCAGATCAAGACCATCTCAGGAAAGACTCCACAGCAGTATGAGAGA
GAGTACAACAACAAGCGGTCAGGCGTGGGGCCCAGCAAGTTCCACGGGTACGCCTACGAT
GGCATCTGGGTCATCGCCAAGACACTGCAGAGGGCCATGGAGACACTGCATGCCAGCAGC
CGGCACCAGCGGATCCAGGACTTCAACTACACGGACCACACGCTGGGCAGGATCATCCTC
AATGCCATGAACGAGACCAACTTCTTCGGGGTCACGGGTCAAGTTGTATTCCGGAATGGG
GAGAGAATGGGGACCATTAAATTTACTCAATTTCAAGACAGCAGGGAGGTGAAGGTGGGA
GAGTACAACGCTGTGGCCGACACACTGGAGATCATCAATGACACCATCAGGTTCCAAGGA
TCCGAACCACCAAAAGACAAGACCATCATCCTGGAGCAGCTGCGGAAGATCTCCCTACCT
CTCTACAGCATCCTCTCTGCCCTCACCATCCTCGGGATGATCATGGCCAGTGCTTTTCTC
TTCTTCAACATCAAGAACCGGAATCAGAAGCTCATAAAGATGTCGAGTCCATACATGAAC
AACCTTATCATCCTTGGAGGGATGCTCTCCTATGCTTCCATATTTCTCTTTGGCCTTGAT
GGATCCTTTGTCTCTGAAAAGACCTTTGAAACACTTTGCACCGTCAGGACCTGGATTCTC
ACCGTGGGCTACACGACCGCTTTTGGGGCCATGTTTGCAAAGACCTGGAGAGTCCACGCC
ATCTTCAAAAATGTGAAAATGAAGAAGAAGATCATCAAGGACCAGAAACTGCTTGTGATC
GTGGGGGGCATGCTGCTGATCGACCTGTGTATCCTGATCTGCTGGCAGGCTGTGGACCCC
CTGCGAAGGACAGTGGAGAAGTACAGCATGGAGCCGGACCCAGCAGGACGGGATATCTCC
ATCCGCCCTCTCCTGGAGCACTGTGAGAACACCCATATGACCATCTGGCTTGGCATCGTC
TATGCCTACAAGGGACTTCTCATGTTGTTCGGTTGTTTCTTAGCTTGGGAGACCCGCAAC
GTCAGCATCCCCGCACTCAACGACAGCAAGTACATCGGGATGAGTGTCTACAACGTGGGG
ATCATGTGCATCATCGGGGCCGCTGTCTCCTTCCTGACCCGGGACCAGCCCAATGTGCAG
TTCTGCATCGTGGCTCTGGTCATCATCTTCTGCAGCACCATCACCCTCTGCCTGGTATTC
GTGCCGAAGCTCATCACCCTGAGAACAAACCCAGATGCAGCAACGCAGAACAGGCGATTC
CAGTTCACTCAGAATCAGAAGAAAGAAGATTCTAAAACGTCCACCTCGGTCACCAGTGTG
AACCAAGCCAGCACATCCCGCCTGGAGGGCCTACAGTCAGAAAACCATCGCCTGCGAATG
AAGATCACAGAGCTGGATAAAGACTTGGAAGAGGTCACCATGCAGCTGCAGGACACACCA
GAAAAGACCACCTACATTAAACAGAACCACTACCAAGAGCTCAATGACATCCTCAACCTG
GGAAACTTCACTGAGAGCACAGATGGAGGAAAGGCCATTTTAAAAAATCACCTCGATCAA
AATCCCCAGCTACAGTGGAACACAACAGAGCCCTCTCGAACATGCAAAGATCCTATAGAA
GATATAAACTCTCCAGAACACATCCAGCGTCGGCTGTCCCTCCAGCTCCCCATCCTCCAC
CACGCCTACCTCCCATCCATCGGAGGCGTGGACGCCAGCTGTGTCAGCCCCTGCGTCAGC
CCCACCGCCAGCCCCCGCCACAGACATGTGCCACCCTCCTTCCGAGTCATGGTCTCGGGC
CTGTAA
Enzyme 17 GenBank Gene ID AJ012188 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GeneCard ID O75899 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GenAtlas ID GABBR2 Link Image
Enzyme 17 HGNC ID HGNC:4507 Link Image
Enzyme 17 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 17 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 17 General References
  1. White JH, Wise A, Main MJ, Green A, Fraser NJ, Disney GH, Barnes AA, Emson P, Foord SM, Marshall FH: Heterodimerization is required for the formation of a functional GABA(B) receptor. Nature. 1998 Dec 17;396(6712):679-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ng GY, McDonald T, Bonnert T, Rigby M, Heavens R, Whiting P, Chateauneuf A, Coulombe N, Kargman S, Caskey T, Evans J, O'neill GP, Liu Q: Cloning of a novel G-protein-coupled receptor GPR 51 resembling GABAB receptors expressed predominantly in nervous tissues and mapped proximal to the hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 locus on chromosome 9. Genomics. 1999 Mar 15;56(3):288-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Martin SC, Russek SJ, Farb DH: Molecular identification of the human GABABR2: cell surface expression and coupling to adenylyl cyclase in the absence of GABABR1. Mol Cell Neurosci. 1999 Mar;13(3):180-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Clark JA, Mezey E, Lam AS, Bonner TI: Distribution of the GABA(B) receptor subunit gb2 in rat CNS. Brain Res. 2000 Mar 31;860(1-2):41-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ng GY, Clark J, Coulombe N, Ethier N, Hebert TE, Sullivan R, Kargman S, Chateauneuf A, Tsukamoto N, McDonald T, Whiting P, Mezey E, Johnson MP, Liu Q, Kolakowski LF Jr, Evans JF, Bonner TI, O'Neill GP: Identification of a GABAB receptor subunit, gb2, required for functional GABAB receptor activity. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 19;274(12):7607-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sullivan R, Chateauneuf A, Coulombe N, Kolakowski LF Jr, Johnson MP, Hebert TE, Ethier N, Belley M, Metters K, Abramovitz M, O'Neill GP, Ng GY: Coexpression of full-length gamma-aminobutyric acid(B) (GABA(B)) receptors with truncated receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 supports the GABA(B) heterodimer as the functional receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):460-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 17 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 18 [top]
Enzyme 18 ID 13909
Enzyme 18 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 precursor
Enzyme 18 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit alpha-1
Enzyme 18 Gene Name GABRA1
Enzyme 18 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 precursor
MRKSPGLSDCLWAWILLLSTLTGRSYGQPSLQDELKDNTTVFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPG
LGERVTEVKTDIFVTSFGPVSDHDMEYTIDVFFRQSWKDERLKFKGPMTVLRLNNLMASK
IWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTMPNKLLRITEDGTLLYTMRLTVRAECPMHLEDFPMDAHAC
PLKFGSYAYTRAEVVYEWTREPARSVVVAEDGSRLNQYDLLGQTVDSGIVQSSTGEYVVM
TTHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISA
RNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGYAWDGKSVVPEKPKKVKDP
LIKKNNTYAPTATSYTPNLARGDPGLATIAKSATIEPKEVKPETKPPEPKKTFNSVSKID
RLSRIAFPLLFGIFNLVYWATYLNREPQLKAPTPHQ
Enzyme 18 Number of Residues 456
Enzyme 18 Molecular Weight 51802
Enzyme 18 Theoretical pI 9.61
Enzyme 18 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 18 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 18 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 18 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 18 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 18 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 18 Signals
  • 1-27
Enzyme 18 Transmembrane Regions
  • 252-273 279-300 313-334 422-443
Enzyme 18 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 18 GenBank ID Protein 31631 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14867 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 18 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 18 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 18 Gene Sequence >1061 bp
ATGAGGAAAAGTCCAGGTCTGTCTGACTGTCTTTGGGCCTGGATCCTCCTTCTGAGCACA
CTGACTGGAAGAAGCTATGGACAGCCGTCATTACAAGATGAACTTAAAGACAATACCACT
GTCTTCACCAGGATTTTGGACAGACTCCTAGATGGTTATGACAATCGCCTGAGACCAGGA
TTGGGAGAGCGTGTAACCGAAGTGAAGACTGATATCTTCGTCACCAGTTTCGGACCCGTT
TCAGACCATGATATGGAATATACAATAGATGTATTTTTCCGTCAAAGCTGGAAGGATGAA
AGGTTAAAATTTAAAGGACCTATGACAGTCCTCCGGTTAAATAACCTAATGGCAAGTAAA
ATCTGGACTCCAGACACATTTATGCCCAACAAACTCCTGCGAATCACAGAGGATGGCACC
TTGCTGTACACCATGAGGCTGACAGTGAGAGCTGAATGTCCGATGCATTTGGAGGACTTC
CCTATGGATGCCCATGCTTGCCCACTAAAATTTGGAAGTTATGCTTATACAAGAGCAGAA
GTTGTTTATGAATGGACCAGAGAGCCAGCACACTCAGTGGTTGTAGCAGAAGATGGATCC
CGTCTAAACCAGTATGACCTTCTTGGACAAACAGTAGACTCTGGAATTGTCCAGTCAAGT
ACAGGAGAATATGTTGTTATGACCACTCATTTCCACTTGAAGAGAAAGATTGGCTACTTT
GTTATTCAAACATACCTGCCATGCATAATGACAGTGATTCTCTCGCAAGTCTCCTTCTGG
CTCAACAGAGAGTCTGTACCAGCAAGAACGGTCTTTGGAGTAACAACTGTGCTCACCATG
ACAACATTGAGCATCAGTGCCAGAAACTCCCTCCCTAAGGTGGCTTATGCAACAGCTATG
GATTGGGATTGGTTTATTGCCGTGTGCTATGCCTTTGTGTTCTCAGCTCTGATTGAGTTT
GCCACAGTAAACTATTTCACTAAGAGAGGTTATGCATGGGATGGCAAAAGTGTGGTTCCA
GAAAAGCCAAAGAAAGTAAAGGATCCCTTATTCCCGAATTC
Enzyme 18 GenBank Gene ID X13584 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GeneCard ID P14867 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GenAtlas ID GABRA1 Link Image
Enzyme 18 HGNC ID HGNC:4075 Link Image
Enzyme 18 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 18 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 18 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 18 General References
  1. Schofield PR, Pritchett DB, Sontheimer H, Kettenmann H, Seeburg PH: Sequence and expression of human GABAA receptor alpha 1 and beta 1 subunits. FEBS Lett. 1989 Feb 27;244(2):361-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Garrett KM, Duman RS, Saito N, Blume AJ, Vitek MP, Tallman JF: Isolation of a cDNA clone for the alpha subunit of the human GABA-A receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 31;156(2):1039-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Cossette P, Liu L, Brisebois K, Dong H, Lortie A, Vanasse M, Saint-Hilaire JM, Carmant L, Verner A, Lu WY, Wang YT, Rouleau GA: Mutation of GABRA1 in an autosomal dominant form of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Nat Genet. 2002 Jun;31(2):184-9. Epub 2002 May 6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 18 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 19 [top]
Enzyme 19 ID 13910
Enzyme 19 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 precursor
Enzyme 19 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit alpha-2
Enzyme 19 Gene Name GABRA2
Enzyme 19 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 precursor
MKTKLNIYNMQFLLFVFLVWDPARLVLANIQEDEAKNNITIFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPG
LGDSITEVFTNIYVTSFGPVSDTDMEYTIDVFFRQKWKDERLKFKGPMNILRLNNLMASK
IWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTMPNKLLRIQDDGTLLYTMRLTVQAECPMHLEDFPMDAHSC
PLKFGSYAYTTSEVTYIWTYNASDSVQVAPDGSRLNQYDLLGQSIGKETIKSSTGEYTVM
TAHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISA
RNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGWAWDGKSVVNDKKKEKASV
MIQNNAYAVAVANYAPNLSKDPVLSTISKSATTPEPNKKPENKPAEAKKTFNSVSKIDRM
SRIVFPVLFGTFNLVYWATYLNREPVLGVSP
Enzyme 19 Number of Residues 451
Enzyme 19 Molecular Weight 51327
Enzyme 19 Theoretical pI 9.50
Enzyme 19 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 19 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 19 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 19 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 19 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 19 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 19 Signals
  • 1-28
Enzyme 19 Transmembrane Regions
  • 252-273 279-300 313-334 420-441
Enzyme 19 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 19 GenBank ID Protein 386422 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47869 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 19 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 19 Gene Sequence >1356 bp
ATGAAGACAAAATTGAACATCTACAACATCGAGTTCCTGCTTTTTGTTTTCTTGGTGTGG
GACCCTGCCAGGTTGGTGCTGGCTAACATCCAAGAAGATGAGGCTAAAAATAACATTACC
ATCTTTACGAGAATTCTTGACAGACTTCTGGATGGTTACGATAATCGGCTTAGACCAGGA
CTGGGAGACAGTATTACTGAAGTCTTCACTAACATCTACGTGACCAGTTTTGGCCCTGTC
TCAGATACAGATATGGAATATACAATTGATGTTTTCTTTCGACAAAAATGGAAAGATGAA
CGTTTAAAATTTAAAGGTCCTATGAATATCCTTCGACTAAACAATTTAATGGCTAGCAAA
ATCTGGACTCCAGATACCTTTTTTCACAATGGGAAGAAATCAGTAGCTCATAATATGACA
ATGCCAAATAAGTTGCTTCGAATTCAGGATGATGGGACTCTGCTGTATACCATGAGGCTT
ACAGTTCAAGCTGAATGCCCAATGCACTTGGAGGATTTCCCAATGGATGCTCATTCATGT
CCTCTGAAATTTGGCAGCTATGCATATACAACTTCAGAGGTCACTTATATTTGGACTTAC
AATGCATCTGATTCAGTACAGGTTGCTCCTGATGGCTCTAGGTTAAATCAATATGACCTG
CTGGGCCAATCAATCGGAAAGGAGACAATTAAATCCAGTACAGGTGAATATACTGTAATG
ACAGCTCATTTCCACCTGAAAAGAAAAATTGGGTATTTTGTGATTCAAACCTATCTGCCT
TGCATCATGACTGTCATTCTCTCCCAAGTTTCATTCTGGCTTAACAGAGAATCTGTGCCT
GCAAGAACTGTGTTTGGAGTAACAACTGTCCTAACAATGACAACTCTAAGCATCAGTGCT
CGGAATTCTCTCCCCAAAGTGGCTTATGCAACTGCCATGGACTGGTTTATTGCTGTTTGT
TATGCATTTGTGTTCTCTGCCCTAATTGAATTTGCAACTGTTAATTACTTCACCAAAAGA
GGATGGACTTGGGATGGGAAGAGTGTAGTAAATGACAAGAAAAAAGAAAAGGCTTCCGTT
ATGATACAGAACAACGCTTATGCAGTGGCTGTTGCCAATTATGCCCCGAATCTTTCAAAA
GATCCAGTTCTCTCCACCATCTCCAAGAGTGCAACCACGCCAGAACCCAACAAGAAGCCA
GAAAACAAGCCAGCTGAAGCAAAGAAAACTTTCAACAGTGTTAGCAAAATTGACAGAATG
TCCAGAATAGTTTTTCCAGTTTTGTTTGGTACCTTTAATTTAGTTTACTGGGCTACATAT
TTAAACAGAGAACCTGTATTAGGGGTCAGTCCTTGA
Enzyme 19 GenBank Gene ID S62907 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GeneCard ID P47869 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GenAtlas ID GABRA2 Link Image
Enzyme 19 HGNC ID HGNC:4076 Link Image
Enzyme 19 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 19 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 19 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 19 General References
  1. Hadingham KL, Wingrove P, Le Bourdelles B, Palmer KJ, Ragan CI, Whiting PJ: Cloning of cDNA sequences encoding human alpha 2 and alpha 3 gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits and characterization of the benzodiazepine pharmacology of recombinant alpha 1-, alpha 2-, alpha 3-, and alpha 5-containing human gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):970-5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 19 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 20 [top]
Enzyme 20 ID 13911
Enzyme 20 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 precursor
Enzyme 20 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit alpha-3
Enzyme 20 Gene Name GABRA3
Enzyme 20 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 precursor
MIITQTSHCYMTSLGILFLINILPGTTGQGESRRQEPGDFVKQDIGGLSPKHAPDIPDDS
TDNITIFTRILDRLLDGYDNRLRPGLGDAVTEVKTDIYVTSFGPVSDTDMEYTIDVFFRQ
TWHDERLKFDGPMKILPLNNLLASKIWTPDTFFHNGKKSVAHNMTTPNKLLRLVDNGTLL
YTMRLTIHAECPMHLEDFPMDVHACPLKFGSYAYTTAEVVYSWTLGKNKSVEVAQDGSRL
NQYDLLGHVVGTEIIRSSTGEYVVMTTHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLN
RESVPARTVFGVTTVLTMTTLSISARNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVN
YFTKRSWAWEGKKVPEALEMKKKTPAAPAKKTSTTFNIVGTTYPINLAKDTEFSTISKGA
APSASSTPTIIASPKATYVQDSPTETKTYNSVSKVDKISRIIFPVLFAIFNLVYWATYVN
RESAIKGMIRKQ
Enzyme 20 Number of Residues 492
Enzyme 20 Molecular Weight 55165
Enzyme 20 Theoretical pI 8.93
Enzyme 20 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 20 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 20 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 20 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 20 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 20 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 20 Signals
  • 1-28
Enzyme 20 Transmembrane Regions
  • 277-298 304-325 338-359 458-479
Enzyme 20 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 20 GenBank ID Protein 386424 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P34903 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 20 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 20 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 20 Gene Sequence >1479 bp
ATGATAATCACACAAACAAGTCACTGTTACATGACCAGCCTTGGGATTCTTTTCCTGATT
AATATTCTCCCTGGAACCACTGGTCAAGGGGAATCAAGACGACAAGAACCCGGGGACTTT
GTGAAGCAGGACATTGGCGGGCTGTCTCCTAAGCATGCCCCAGATATTCCTGATGACAGC
ACTGACAACATCACTATCTTCACCAGAATCTTGGATCGTCTTCTGGACGGCTATGACAAC
CGGCTGCGACCTGGGCTTGGAGATGCAGTGACTGAAGTGAAGACTGACATCTACGTGACC
AGTTTTGGCCCTGTGTCAGACACTGACATGGAGTACACTATTGATGTATTTTTTCGGCAG
ACATGGCATGATGAAAGACTGAAATTTGATGGCCCCATGAAGATCCTTCCACTGAACAAT
CTCCTGGCTAGTAAGATCTGGACACCGGACACCTTCTTCCACAATGGCAAGAAATCAGTG
GCTCATAACATGACCACGCCCAACAAGCTGCTCAGATTGGTGGACAACGGAACCCTCCTC
TATACAATGAGGTTAACAATTCATGCTGAGTGTCCCATGCATTTGGAAGATTTTCCCATG
GATGTGCATGCCTGCCCACTGAAGTTTGGAAGCTATGCCTATACAACAGCTGAAGTGGTT
TATTCTTGGACTCTCGGAAAGAACAAATCCGTGGAAGTGGCACAGGATGGTTCTCGCTTG
AACCAGTATGACCTTTTGGGCCATGTTGTTGGGACAGAGATAATCCGGTCTAGTACAGGA
GAATATGTCGTCATGACAACCCACTTCCATCTCAAGCGAAAAATTGGCTACTTTGTGATC
CAGACCTACTTGCCATGTATCATGACTGTCATTCTGTCACAAGTGTCGTTCTGGCTCAAC
AGAGAGTCTGTTCCTGCCCGTACAGTCTTTGGTGTCACCACTGTGCTTACCATGACCACC
TTGAGTATCAGTGCCAGAAATTCCTTACCTAAAGTGGCATATGCGACGGCCATGGACTGG
TTCATAGCCGTCTGTTATGCCTTTGTATTTTCTGCACTGATTGAATTTGCCACTGTCAAC
TATTTCACCAAGCGGAGTTGGGCTTGGGAAGGCAAGAAGGTGCCAGAGGCCCTGGAGATG
AAGAAGAAAACACCAGCAGCCCCAGCAAAGAAAACCAGCACTACCTTCAACATCGTGGGG
ACCACCTATCCCATCAACCTGGCCAAGGACACTGAATTTTCCACCATCTCCAAGGGCGCT
GCTCCCAGTGCCTCCTCAACCCCAACAATCATTGCTTCACCCAAGGCCACCTACGTGCAG
GACAGCCCGACTGAGACCAAGACCTACAACAGTGTCAGCAAGGTTGACAAAATTTCCCGC
ATCATCTTTCCTGTGCTCTTTGCCATATTCAATCTGGTCTATTGGGCCACATATGTCAAC
CGGGAGTCAGCTATCAAGGGCATGATCCGCAAACAGTAG
Enzyme 20 GenBank Gene ID S62908 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GeneCard ID P34903 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GenAtlas ID GABRA3 Link Image
Enzyme 20 HGNC ID HGNC:4077 Link Image
Enzyme 20 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 20 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 20 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 20 General References
  1. Hadingham KL, Wingrove P, Le Bourdelles B, Palmer KJ, Ragan CI, Whiting PJ: Cloning of cDNA sequences encoding human alpha 2 and alpha 3 gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits and characterization of the benzodiazepine pharmacology of recombinant alpha 1-, alpha 2-, alpha 3-, and alpha 5-containing human gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Jun;43(6):970-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Amir R, Dahle EJ, Toriolo D, Zoghbi HY: Candidate gene analysis in Rett syndrome and the identification of 21 SNPs in Xq. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Jan 3;90(1):69-71. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 20 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 21 [top]
Enzyme 21 ID 13912
Enzyme 21 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 precursor
Enzyme 21 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit alpha-4
Enzyme 21 Gene Name GABRA4
Enzyme 21 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 precursor
MVSAKKVPAIALSAGVSFALLRFLCLAVCLNESPGQNQKEEKLCTENFTRILDSLLDGYD
NRLRPGFGGPVTEVKTDIYVTSFGPVSDVEMEYTMDVFFRQTWIDKRLKYDGPIEILRLN
NMMVTKVWTPDTFFRNGKKSVSHNMTAPNKLFRIMRNGTILYTMRLTISAECPMRLVDFP
MDGHACPLKFGSYAYPKSEMIYTWTKGPEKSVEVPKESSSLVQYDLIGQTVSSETIKSIT
GEYIVMTVYFHLRRKMGYFMIQTYIPCIMTVILSQVSFWINKESVPARTVFGITTVLTMT
TLSISARHSLPKVSYLTAMDWFIAVCFAFVFSALIEFAAVNYFTNIQMEKAKRKTSKPPQ
EVPAAPVQREKHPEAPLQDTNANLNMRKRTNALVHSESDVGNRTEVGNHSSKSSTVVQES
SKGTPRSYLASSPNPFSRANAAETISAARALPSASPTSIRTGHMPRKASVGSASTRHVFG
SRLQRIKTTVNTIGATGKLSATPPPSAPPPSGSGTSKIDKYARILFPVTFGAFNMVYWVV
YLSKDTMEKSESLM
Enzyme 21 Number of Residues 554
Enzyme 21 Molecular Weight 61641
Enzyme 21 Theoretical pI 10.00
Enzyme 21 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 21 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 21 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 21 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 21 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 21 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 21 Signals
  • 1-35
Enzyme 21 Transmembrane Regions
  • 259-280 285-306 318-340 524-543
Enzyme 21 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 21 GenBank ID Protein 905393 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P48169 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 21 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 21 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 21 Gene Sequence >1665 bp
ATGGTTTCTGCCAAGAAGGTACCCGCGATCGCTCTGTCCGCCGGGGTCAGTTTCGCCCTC
CTGCGCTTCCTGTGCCTGGCGGTTTGTTTAAACGAATCCCCAGGACAGAACCAAAAGGAG
GAGAAATTGTGCACAGAAAATTTCACCCGCATCCTGGACAGTTTGCTCGATGGTTATGAC
AACAGGCTGCGTCCTGGATTTGGGGGTCCTGTTACAGAAGTGAAAACTGACATATATGTC
ACCAGCTTTGGACCTGTTTCTGATGTTGAAATGGAATACACAATGGATGTGTTCTTCAGG
CAGACATGGATTGACAAAAGATTAAAATATGACGGCCCCATTGAAATTTTGAGATTGAAC
AATATGATGGTAACGAAAGTGTGGACCCCTGATACTTTCTTCAGGAATGGAAAGAAATCT
GTCTCACATAATATGACAGCTCCAAATAAGCTTTTTAGAATTATGAGAAATGGTACTATT
TTATACACAATGAGACTCACCATAAGTGCGGAGTGTCCCATGAGATTGGTGGATTTTCCC
ATGGATGGTCATGCATGCCCTTTGAAATTCGGGAGTTATGCCTATCCAAAGAGTGAGATG
ATCTATACCTGGACAAAAGGTCCTGAGAAATCAGTTGAAGTTCCGAAGGAGTCTTCCAGC
TTAGTTCAATATGATTTGATTGGGCAAACCGTATCAAGTGAAACCATCAAATCAATTACG
GGCGAATATATTGTTATGACGGTTTACTTCCACCTCAGACGGAAGATGGGTTATTTTATG
ATTCAGACCTATATTCCGTGCATTATGACAGTGATTCTTTCTCAAGTTTCATTTTGGATA
AATAAAGAATCAGTTCCCGCTAGGACTGTATTTGGAATAACAACTGTCCTCACCATGACC
ACACTAAGCATCAGTGCACGACATTCTTTGCCCAAAGTGTCCTACTTGACCGCCATGGAC
TGGTTCATAGCTGTCTGCTTTGCTTTTGTATTTTCGGCCCTTATCGAGTTTGCTGCTGTC
AACTATTTCACCAATATTCAAATGGAAAAAGCCAAAAGAAAGACATCAAAGCCCCCTCAG
GAAGTTCCCGCTGCTCCAGTGCAGAGAGAGAAGCATCCTGAAGCCCCTCTGCAGGATACA
AATGCCAATTTGAACATGAGAAAAAGAACAAATGCTTTGGTTCACTCTGAATCTGATGTT
GGCAACAGAACTGAGGTGGGAAACCATTCAAGCAAATCTTCCACAGTTGTTCAAGAATCT
TCTAAAGGCACACCTCGGTCTTACTTAGCTTCCAGTCCAAACCCATTCAGCCGTGCAAAT
GCAGCTGAAACCATATCTGCAGCAAGAGCACTTCCATCTGCTTCTCCTACTTCTATCCGA
ACTGGACATATGCCTCGAAAGGCTTCAGTTGGATCTGCTTCTACTCGTCACGTGTTTGGA
TCAAGACTGCAGAGGATAAAGACCACAGTTAATACCATAGGGGCTACTGGGAAGTTGTCA
GCTACTCCTCCTCCATCGGCTCCACCACCTTCTGGATCTGGCACAAGTAAAATAGACAAA
TATGCCCGTATTCTCTTTCCAGTCACATTTGGGGCATTTAACATGGTTTATTGGGTTGTT
TATTTATCTAAGGACACTATGGAGAAATCAGAAAGTCTAATGTAA
Enzyme 21 GenBank Gene ID U30461 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GeneCard ID P48169 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GenAtlas ID GABRA4 Link Image
Enzyme 21 HGNC ID HGNC:4078 Link Image
Enzyme 21 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 21 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 21 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 21 General References
  1. Yang W, Drewe JA, Lan NC: Cloning and characterization of the human GABAA receptor alpha 4 subunit: identification of a unique diazepam-insensitive binding site. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Nov 30;291(3):319-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. McLean PJ, Farb DH, Russek SJ: Mapping of the alpha 4 subunit gene (GABRA4) to human chromosome 4 defines an alpha 2-alpha 4-beta 1-gamma 1 gene cluster: further evidence that modern GABAA receptor gene clusters are derived from an ancestral cluster. Genomics. 1995 Apr 10;26(3):580-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 21 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 22 [top]
Enzyme 22 ID 13913
Enzyme 22 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 precursor
Enzyme 22 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit alpha-5
Enzyme 22 Gene Name GABRA5
Enzyme 22 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 precursor
MDNGMFSGFIMIKNLLLFCISMNLSSHFGFSQMPTSSVKDETNDNITIFTRILDGLLDGY
DNRLRPGLGERITQVRTDIYVTSFGPVSDTEMEYTIDVFFRQSWKDERLRFKGPMQRLPL
NNLLASKIWTPDTFFHNGKKSIAHNMTTPNKLLRLEDDGTLLYTMRLTISAECPMQLEDF
PMDAHACPLKFGSYAYPNSEVVYVWTNGSTKSVVVAEDGSRLNQYHLMGQTVGTENISTS
TGEYTIMTAHFHLKRKIGYFVIQTYLPCIMTVILSQVSFWLNRESVPARTVFGVTTVLTM
TTLSISARNSLPKVAYATAMDWFIAVCYAFVFSALIEFATVNYFTKRGWAWDGKKALEAA
KIKKKREVILNKSTNAFTTGKMSHPPNIPKEQTPAGTSNTTSVSVKPSEEKTSESKKTYN
SISKIDKMSRIVFPVLFGTFNLVYWATYLNREPVIKGAASPK
Enzyme 22 Number of Residues 462
Enzyme 22 Molecular Weight 52147
Enzyme 22 Theoretical pI 9.56
Enzyme 22 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 22 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 22 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 22 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 22 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 22 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 22 Signals
  • 1-31
Enzyme 22 Transmembrane Regions
  • 260-281 286-307 319-341 428-449
Enzyme 22 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 22 GenBank ID Protein 182916 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P31644 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 22 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 22 Gene Sequence >1389 bp
ATGGACAATGGAATGTTCTCTGGTTTTATCATGATCAAAAACCTCCTTCTCTTTTGTATT
TCCATGAACTTATCCAGTCACTTTGGCTTTTCACAGATGCCAACCAGTTCAGTGAAAGAT
GAGACCAATGACAACATCACGATATTTACCAGGATCTTGGATGGGCTCTTGGATGGCTAC
GACAACAGACTTCGGCCCGGGCTGGGAGAGCGCATCACTCAGGTGAGGACCGACATCTAC
GTCACCAGCTTCGGCCCGGTGTCCGACACGGAAATGGAGTACACCATAGACGTGTTTTTC
CGACAAAGCTGGAAAGATGAAAGGCTTCGGTTTAAGGGGCCCATGCAGCGCCTCCCTCTC
AACAACCTCCTTGCCAGCAAGATCTGGACCCCAGACACGTTCTTCCACAACGGGAAGAAG
TCCATCGCTCACAACATGACCACGCCCAACAAGCTGCTGCGGCTGGAGGACGACGGCACC
CTGCTCTACACCATGCGCTTGACCATCTCTGCAGAGTGCCCCATGCAGCTTGAGGACTTC
CCGATGGATGCGCACGCTTGCCCTCTGAAATTTGGCAGCTATGCGTACCCTAATTCTGAA
GTCGTTTACGTCTGGACCAACGGCTCCACCAAGTCGGTGGTGGTGGCGGAAGATGGCTCC
AGACTGAACCAGTACCACCTGATGGGGCAGACGGTGGGCACTGAGAACATCAGCACCAGC
ACAGGCGAATACACAATCATGACAGCTCACTTCCACCTGAAAAGGAAGATTGGCTACTTT
GTCATCCAGACCTACCTTCCCTGCATAATGACCGTGATCTTATCACAGGTGTCCTTTTGG
CTGAACCGGGAATCAGTCCCAGCCAGGACAGTTTTTGGGGTCACCACGGTGCTGACCATG
ACGACCCTCAGCATCAGCGCCAGGAACTCTCTGCCCAAAGTGGCCTACGCCACCGCCATG
GACTGGTTCATAGCTGTGTGCTATGCCTTCGTCTTCTCGGCGCTGATAGAGTTTGCCACG
GTCAATTACTTTACCAAGAGAGGCTGGGCCTGGGATGGCAAAAAAGCCTTGGAAGCAGCC
AAGATCAAGAAAAAGCGTGAAGTCATACTAAATAAGTCAACAAACGCTTTTACAACTGGG
AAGATGTCTCACCCCCCAAACATTCCGAAGGAACAGACCCCAGCAGGGACGTCGAATACA
ACCTCAGTCTCAGTAAAACCCTCTGAAGAGAAGACTTCTGAAAGCAAAAAGACTTACAAC
AGTATCAGCAAAATTGACAAAATGTCCCGAATCGTATTCCCAGTCTTGTTCGGCACTTTC
AACTTAGTTTACTGGGCAACGTATTTGAATAGGGAGCCGGTGATAAAAGGAGCCGCCTCT
CCAAAATAA
Enzyme 22 GenBank Gene ID L08485 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GeneCard ID P31644 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GenAtlas ID GABRA5 Link Image
Enzyme 22 HGNC ID HGNC:4079 Link Image
Enzyme 22 Chromosome Location 15
Enzyme 22 Locus 15q11.2-q12
Enzyme 22 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 22 General References
  1. Knoll JH, Sinnett D, Wagstaff J, Glatt K, Wilcox AS, Whiting PM, Wingrove P, Sikela JM, Lalande M: FISH ordering of reference markers and of the gene for the alpha 5 subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABRA5) within the Angelman and Prader-Willi syndrome chromosomal regions. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Feb;2(2):183-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wingrove P, Hadingham K, Wafford K, Kemp JA, Ragan CI, Whiting P: Cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding the human GABA-A receptor alpha 5 subunit. Biochem Soc Trans. 1992 Feb;20(1):18S. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kim Y, Glatt H, Xie W, Sinnett D, Lalande M: Human gamma-aminobutyric acid-type A receptor alpha5 subunit gene (GABRA5): characterization and structural organization of the 5' flanking region. Genomics. 1997 Jun 15;42(3):378-87. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 22 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 23 [top]
Enzyme 23 ID 13914
Enzyme 23 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 precursor
Enzyme 23 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit alpha-6
Enzyme 23 Gene Name GABRA6
Enzyme 23 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 precursor
MASSLPWLCIILWLENALGKLEVEGNFYSENVSRILDNLLEGYDNRLRPGFGGAVTEVKT
DIYVTSFGPVSDVEMEYTMDVFFRQTWTDERLKFGGPTEILSLNNLMVSKIWTPDTFFRN
GKKSIAHNMTTPNKLFRIMQNGTILYTMRLTINADCPMRLVNFPMDGHACPLKFGSYAYP
KSEIIYTWKKGPLYSVEVPEESSSLLQYDLIGQTVSSETIKSNTGEYVIMTVYFHLQRKM
GYFMIQIYTPCIMTVILSQVSFWINKESVPARTVFGITTVLTMTTLSISARHSLPKVSYA
TAMDWFIAVCFAFVFSALIEFAAVNYFTNLQTQKAKRKAQFAAPPTVTISKATEPLEAEI
VLHPDSKYHLKKRITSLSLPIVSSSEANKVLTRAPILQSTPVTPPPLSPAFGGTSKIDQY
SRILFPVAFAGFNLVYWVVYLSKDTMEVSSSVE
Enzyme 23 Number of Residues 453
Enzyme 23 Molecular Weight 51025
Enzyme 23 Theoretical pI 8.40
Enzyme 23 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 23 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 23 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 23 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 23 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 23 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 23 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 23 Transmembrane Regions
  • 243-264 269-290 301-324 420-441
Enzyme 23 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 23 GenBank ID Protein 1470364 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16445 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRA6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 23 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 23 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 23 Gene Sequence >1362 bp
ATGGCGTCATCTCTGCCCTGGCTGTGCATTATTCTGTGGCTAGAAAATGCCCTAGGGAAA
CTCGAAGTTGAAGGCAACTTCTACTCAGAAAACGTCAGTCGGATCCTGGACAACTTGCTT
GAAGGCTATGACAATCGGCTGCGGCCGGGATTTGGAGGTGCTGTCACTGAAGTCAAAACA
GACATTTATGTGACCAGTTTTGGGCCCGTGTCAGATGTGGAGATGGAGTATACGATGGAT
GTTTTTTTTCGCCAGACCTGGACTGATGAGAGGTTGAAGTTTGGGGGGCCAACTGAGATT
CTGAGTCTGAATAATTTGATGGTCAGTAAAATCTGGACGCCTGACACCTTTTTCAGAAAT
GGTAAAAAGTCCATTGCTCACAACATGACAACTCCTAATAAACTCTTCAGAATAATGCAG
AATGGAACCATTTTATACACCATGAGGCTTACCATCAATGCTGACTGTCCCATGAGGCTG
GTTAACTTTCCTATGGATGGGCATGCTTGTCCACTCAAGTTTGGGAGCTATGCTTATCCC
AAAAGTGAAATCATATATACGTGGAAAAAAGGACCACTTTACTCAGTAGAAGTCCCAGAA
GAATCTTCAAGCCTTCTCCAGTATGATCTGATTGGACAAACAGTATCTAGTGAGACAATT
AAATCTAACACAGGTGAATACGTTATAATGACAGTTTACTTCCACTTGCAAAGGAAGATG
GGCTACTTCATGATACAGATATACACTCCTTGCATTATGACAGTCATTCTTTCCCAGGTG
TCTTTCTGGATTAATAAGGAGTCCGTCCCAGCAAGAACTGTTTTTGGGATCACCACTGTT
TTAACTATGACCACTTTGAGCATCAGTGCCCGGCACTCTTTGCCAAAAGTGTCATATGCC
ACTGCCATGGATTGGTTCATAGCTGTTTGCTTTGCATTCGTCTTCTCTGCTCTTATCGAG
TTCGCAGCTGTCAACTACTTTACCAATCTTCAGACACAGAAGGCGAAAAGGAAGGCACAG
TTTGCAGCCCCACCCACAGTGACAATATCAAAAGCTACTGAACCTTTGGAAGCTGAGATT
GTTTTGCATCCTGACTCCAAATATCATCTGAAGAAAAGGATCACTTCTCTGTCTTTGCCA
ATAGTTTCATCTTCCGAGGCCAATAAAGTGCTCACGAGAGCGCCCATCTTACAATCAACA
CCTGTCACACCCCCACCACTCCCGCCAGCCTTTGGAGGCACCAGTAAAATAGACCAGTAT
TCTCGAATTCTCTTCCCAGTTGCATTTGCAGGATTCAACCTTGTGTACTGGGTAGTTTAT
CTTTCCAAAGATACAATGGAAGTGAGTAGCAGTGTTGAATAG
Enzyme 23 GenBank Gene ID S81944 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GeneCard ID Q16445 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GenAtlas ID GABRA6 Link Image
Enzyme 23 HGNC ID HGNC:4080 Link Image
Enzyme 23 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 23 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 23 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 23 General References
  1. Hadingham KL, Garrett EM, Wafford KA, Bain C, Heavens RP, Sirinathsinghji DJ, Whiting PJ: Cloning of cDNAs encoding the human gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha 6 subunit and characterization of the pharmacology of alpha 6-containing receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 1996 Feb;49(2):253-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 23 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 24 [top]
Enzyme 24 ID 13915
Enzyme 24 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 precursor
Enzyme 24 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit beta-1
Enzyme 24 Gene Name GABRB1
Enzyme 24 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 precursor
MWTVQNRESLGLLSFPVMITMVCCAHSTNEPSNMSYVKETVDRLLKGYDIRLRPDFGGPP
VDVGMRIDVASIDMVSEVNMDYTLTMYFQQSWKDKRLSYSGIPLNLTLDNRVADQLWVPD
TYFLNDKKSFVHGVTVKNRMIRLHPDGTVLYGLRITTTAACMMDLRRYPLDEQNCTLEIE
SYGYTTDDIEFYWNGGEGAVTGVNKIELPQFSIVDYKMVSKKVEFTTGAYPRLSLSFRLK
RNIGYFILQTYMPSTLITILSWVSFWINYDASAARVALGITTVLTMTTISTHLRETLPKI
PYVKAIDIYLMGCFVFVFLALLEYAFVNYIFFGKGPQKKGASKQDQSANEKNKLEMNKVQ
VDAHGNILLSTLEIRNETSGSEVLTSVSDPKATMYSYDSASIQYRKPLSSREAYGRALDR
HGVPSKGRIRRRASQLKVKIPDLTDVNSIDKWSRMFFPITFSLFNVVYWLYYVH
Enzyme 24 Number of Residues 474
Enzyme 24 Molecular Weight 54235
Enzyme 24 Theoretical pI 9.01
Enzyme 24 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 24 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 24 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 24 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 24 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 24 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 24 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 24 Transmembrane Regions
  • 246-267 271-293 305-327 452-473
Enzyme 24 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 24 GenBank ID Protein 31635 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P18505 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRB1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 24 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 24 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Gene Sequence >1425 bp
ATGTGGACAGTACAAAATCGAGAGAGTCTGGGGCTTCTCTCTTTCCCTGTGATGATTACC
ATGGTCTGTTGTGCACACAGCACCAATGAACCCAGCAACATGCCATACGTGAAAGAGACA
GTGGACAGATTGCTCAAAGGATATGACATTCGCTTGCGGCCGGACTTCGGAGGGCCCCCC
GTCGACGTTGGGATGCGGATCGATGTCGCCAGCATAGACATGGTCTCCGAAGTGAATATG
GATTATACACTCACCATGTATTTCCAGCAGTCTTGGAAAGACAAAAGGCTTTCTTATTCT
GGAATCCCACTGAACCTCACCCTAGACAATAGGGTAGCTGACCAACTCTGGGTACCAGAC
ACCTACTTTCTGAATGACAAGAAATCATTTGTGCATGGGGTCACAGTGAAAAATCGAATG
ATTCGACTGCATCCTGATGGAACAGTTCTCTATGGACTCCGAATCACAACCACAGCTGCA
TGTATGATGGATCTTCGAAGATATCCACTGGATGAGCAGAACTGCACCCTGGAGATCGAA
AGTTATGGCTATACCACTGATGACATTGAATTTTACTGGAATGGAGGAGAAGGGGCAGTC
ACTGGTGTTAATAAAATCGAACTTCCTCAATTTTCAATTGTTGACTACAAGATGGTGTCT
AAGAAGGTGGAGTTCACAACAGGAGCGTATCCACGACTGTCACTAAGTTTTCGTCTAAAG
AGAAACATTGGTTACTTCATTTTGCAAACCTACATGCCTTCTACACTGATTACAATTCTG
TCCTGGGTGTCTTTTTGGATCAACTATGATGCATCTGCAGCCAGAGTCGCACTAGGAATC
ACGACGGTGCTTACAATGACAACCATCAGCACCCACCTCAGGGAGACCCTGCCAAAGATC
CCTTATGTCAAAGCGATTGATATTTATCTGATGGGTTGCTTTGTGTTTGTGTTCCTGGCT
CTGCTGGAGTATGCCTTTGTAAATTACATCTTCTTTGGGAAAGGCCCTCAGAAAAAGGGA
GCTAGCAAACAAGACCAGAGTGCCAATGAGAAGAATAAACTGGAGATGAATAAAGTCCAG
GTCGACGCCCACGGTAACATTCTCCTCAGCACCCTGGAAATCCGGAATGAGACGAGTGGC
TCGGAAGTGCTCACGAGCGTGAGCGACCCCAAGGCCACCATGTACTCCTATGACAGCGCC
AGCATCCAGTACCGCAAGCCCCTGAGCAGCCGCGAGGCCTACGGGCGCGCCCTGGACCGG
CACGGGGTACCCAGCAAGGGGCGCATCCGCAGGCGTGCCTCCCAGCTCAAAGTCAAGATC
CCCGACTTGACTGATGTGAATTCCATAGACAAGTGGTCCCGAATGTTTTTCCCCATCACC
TTTTCTCTTTTTAATGTCGTCTATTGGCTTTACTATGTACACTGA
Enzyme 24 GenBank Gene ID X14767 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GeneCard ID P18505 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GenAtlas ID GABRB1 Link Image
Enzyme 24 HGNC ID HGNC:4081 Link Image
Enzyme 24 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 24 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 24 General References
  1. Schofield PR, Pritchett DB, Sontheimer H, Kettenmann H, Seeburg PH: Sequence and expression of human GABAA receptor alpha 1 and beta 1 subunits. FEBS Lett. 1989 Feb 27;244(2):361-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kirkness EF, Kusiak JW, Fleming JT, Menninger J, Gocayne JD, Ward DC, Venter JC: Isolation, characterization, and localization of human genomic DNA encoding the beta 1 subunit of the GABAA receptor (GABRB1). Genomics. 1991 Aug;10(4):985-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Garrett KM, Saito N, Duman RS, Abel MS, Ashton RA, Fujimori S, Beer B, Tallman JF, Vitek MP, Blume AJ: Differential expression of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits. Mol Pharmacol. 1990 May;37(5):652-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Coon H, Sobell J, Heston L, Sommer S, Hoff M, Holik J, Umar F, Robertson M, Reimherr F, Wender P, et al.: Search for mutations in the beta 1 GABAA receptor subunit gene in patients with schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 1994 Mar 15;54(1):12-20. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 24 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 25 [top]
Enzyme 25 ID 13916
Enzyme 25 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 precursor
Enzyme 25 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit beta-2
Enzyme 25 Gene Name GABRB2
Enzyme 25 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 precursor
MWRVRKRGYFGIWSFPLIIAAVCAQSVNDPSNMSLVKETVDRLLKGYDIRLRPDFGGPPV
AVGMNIDIASIDMVSEVNMDYTLTMYFQQAWRDKRLSYNVIPLNLTLDNRVADQLWVPDT
YFLNDKKSFVHGVTVKNRMIRLHPDGTVLYGLRITTTAACMMDLRRYPLDEQNCTLEIES
YGYTTDDIEFYWRGDDNAVTGVTKIELPQFSIVDYKLITKKVVFSTGSYPRLSLSFKLKR
NIGYFILQTYMPSILITILSWVSFWINYDASAARVALGITTVLTMTTINTHLRETLPKIP
YVKAIDMYLMGCFVFVFMALLEYALVNYIFFGRGPQRQKKAAEKAASANNEKMRLDVNKM
DPHENILLSTLEIKNEMATSEAVMGLGDPRSTMLAYDASSIQYRKAGLPRHSFGRNALER
HVAQKKSRLRRRASQLKITIPDLTDVNAIDRWSRIFFPVVFSFFNIVYWLYYVN
Enzyme 25 Number of Residues 474
Enzyme 25 Molecular Weight 54607
Enzyme 25 Theoretical pI 9.66
Enzyme 25 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 25 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 25 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 25 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 25 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 25 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 25 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 25 Transmembrane Regions
  • 245-266 270-292 304-326 452-473
Enzyme 25 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 25 GenBank ID Protein 455946 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47870 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRB2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 25 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 25 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Gene Sequence >1425 bp
ATGTGGAGAGTGCGGAAAAGGGGCTACTTTGGGATTTGGTCCTTCCCCTTAATAATCGCC
GCTGTCTGTGCGCAGAGTGTCAATGACCCTAGTAATATGTCGCTGGTTAAAGAGACGGTG
GATAGACTCCTGAAAGGCTATGACATTCGTCTGAGACCAGATTTTGGAGGTCCCCCCGTG
GCTGTGGGGATGAACATTGACATTGCCAGCATCGATATGGTTTCTGAAGTCAATATGGAT
TATACCTTGACAATGTACTTTCAACAAGCCTGGAGAGATAAGAGGCTGTCCTATAATGTA
ATACCTTTAAACTTGACTCTGGACAACAGAGTGGCAGACCAGCTCTGGGTGCCTGATACC
TATTTCCTGAACGATAAGAAGTCATTTGTGCACGGAGTGACTGTTAAGAACCGCATGATT
CGCCTGCATCCTGATGGCACCGTCCTTTATGGACTCAGAATCACAACCACAGCTGCCTGC
ATGATGGACCTAAGGAGGTACCCACTGGATGAACAAAACTGCACCTTGGAAATTGAGAGC
TATGGATACACAACTGATGACATTGAGTTTTACTGGCGTGGCGATGATAATGCAGTAACA
GGAGTAACGAAAATTGAACTTCCACAGTTCTCTATTGTAGATTACAAACTTATCACCAAG
AAGGTTGTTTTTTCCACAGGTTCCTATCCCAGGTTATCCCTCAGCTTTAAGCTTAAGAGA
AACATTGGCTACTTTATCCTGCAAACATACATGCCTTCCATCCTGATTACCATCCTCTCC
TGGGTCTCCTTCTGGATTAATTACGATGCTTCAGCTGCAAGGGTGGCATTAGGAATCACA
ACTGTCCTCACAATGACCACAATCAACACCCACCTCCGGGAAACTCTCCCTAAAATCCCC
TATGTGAAGGCCATTGACATGTACCTGATGGGGTGCTTTGTCTTCGTTTTCATGGCCCTT
CTGGAATATGCCCTAGTCAACTACATCTTCTTTGGGAGGGGGCCCCAACGCCAAAAGAAA
GCAGCTGAGAAGGCTGCCAGTGCCAACAATGAGAAGATGCGCCTGGATGTCAACAAGATG
GACCCCCATGAGAACATCTTACTGAGCACTCTCGAGATAAAAAATGAAATGGCCACATCT
GAGGCTGTGATGGGACTTGGAGACCCCAGAAGCACAATGCTAGCCTATGATGCCTCCAGC
ATCCAGTATCGGAAAGCTGGGTTGCCCAGGCATAGTTTTGGCCGAAATGCTCTGGAACGA
CATGTGGCGCAAAAGAAAAGTCGCCTGAGGAGACGCGCCTCCCAACTGAAAATCACCATC
CCTGACTTGACTGATGTGAATGCCATAGATCGGTGGTCCCGCATATTCTTCCCAGTGGTT
TTTTCCTTCTTCAACATCGTCTATTGGCTTTATTATGTGAACTAA
Enzyme 25 GenBank Gene ID S67368 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GeneCard ID P47870 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GenAtlas ID GABRB2 Link Image
Enzyme 25 HGNC ID HGNC:4082 Link Image
Enzyme 25 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 25 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 25 General References
  1. Hadingham KL, Wingrove PB, Wafford KA, Bain C, Kemp JA, Palmer KJ, Wilson AW, Wilcox AS, Sikela JM, Ragan CI, et al.: Role of the beta subunit in determining the pharmacology of human gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors. Mol Pharmacol. 1993 Dec;44(6):1211-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. McKinley DD, Lennon DJ, Carter DB: Cloning, sequence analysis and expression of two forms of mRNA coding for the human beta 2 subunit of the GABAA receptor. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1995 Jan;28(1):175-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 25 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 26 [top]
Enzyme 26 ID 13917
Enzyme 26 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 precursor
Enzyme 26 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit beta-3
Enzyme 26 Gene Name GABRB3
Enzyme 26 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 precursor
MWGLAGGRLFGIFSAPVLVAVVCCAQSVNDPGNMSFVKETVDKLLKGYDIRLRPDFGGPP
VCVGMNIDIASIDMVSEVNMDYTLTMYFQQYWRDKRLAYSGIPLNLTLDNRVADQLWVPD
TYFLNDKKSFVHGVTVKNRMIRLHPDGTVLYGLRITTTAACMMDLRRYPLDEQNCTLEIE
SYGYTTDDIEFYWRGGDKAVTGVERIELPQFSIVEHRLVSRNVVFATGAYPRLSLSFRLK
RNIGYFILQTYMPSILITILSWVSFWINYDASAARVALGITTVLTMTTINTHLRETLPKI
PYVKAIDMYLMGCFVFVFLALLEYAFVNYIFFGRGPQRQKKLAEKTAKAKNDRSKSESNR
VDAHGNILLTSLEVHNEMNEVSGGIGDTRNSAISFDNSGIQYRKQSMPREGHGRFLGDRS
LPHKKTHLRRRSSQLKIKIPDLTDVNAIDRWSRIVFPFTFSLFNLVYWLYYVN
Enzyme 26 Number of Residues 473
Enzyme 26 Molecular Weight 54116
Enzyme 26 Theoretical pI 9.41
Enzyme 26 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 26 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 26 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 26 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 26 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 26 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 26 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 26 Transmembrane Regions
  • 246-267 271-293 305-327 451-472
Enzyme 26 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 26 GenBank ID Protein 182925 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P28472 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRB3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 26 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 26 Gene Sequence >1422 bp
ATGTGGGGCCTTGCGGGAGGAAGGCTTTTCGGCATCTTCTCGGCCCCGGTGCTGGTGGCT
GTGGTGTGCTGCGCCCAGAGTGTGAACGATCCCGGGAACATGTCCTTTGTGAAGGAGACG
GTGGACAAGCTGTTGAAAGGCTACGACATTCGCCTAAGACCCGACTTCGGGGGTCCCCCG
GTCTGCGTGGGGATGAACATCGACATCGCCAGCATCGACATGGTTTCCGAAGTCAACATG
GATTATACCTTAACCATGTATTTTCAACAATATTGGAGAGATAAAAGGCTCGCCTATTCT
GGGATCCCTCTCAACCTCACGCTTGACAATCGAGTGGCTGACCAGCTATGGGTGCCCGAC
ACATATTTCTTAAATGACAAAAAGTCATTTGTGCATGGAGTGACAGTGAAAAACCGCATG
ATCCGTCTTCACCCTGATGGGACAGTGCTGTATGGGCTCAGAATCACCACGACAGCAGCA
TGCATGATGGACCTCAGGAGATACCCCCTGGACGAGCAGAACTGCACTCTGGAAATTGAA
AGCTATGGCTACACCACGGATGACATTGAGTTTTACTGGCGAGGCGGGGACAAGGCTGTT
ACCGGAGTGGAAAGGATTGAGCTCCCGCAGTTCTCCATCGTGGAGCACCGTCTGGTCTCG
AGGAATGTTGTCTTCGCCACAGGTGCCTATCCTCGACTGTCACTGAGCTTTCGGTTGAAG
AGGAACATTGGATACTTCATTCTTCAGACTTATATGCCCTCTATACTGATAACGATTCTG
TCGTGGGTGTCCTTCTGGATCAATTATGATGCATCTGCTGCTAGAGTTGCCCTCGGGATC
ACAACTGTGCTGACAATGACAACCATCAACACCCACCTTCGGGAGACCTTGCCCAAAATC
CCCTATGTCAAAGCCATTGACATGTACCTTATGGGCTGCTTCGTCTTTGTGTTCCTGGCC
CTTCTGGAGTATGCCTTTGTCAACTACATTTTCTTTGGAAGAGGCCCTCAAAGGCAGAAG
AAGCTTGCAGAAAAGACAGCCAAGGCAAAGAATGACCGTTCAAAGAGCGAAAGCAACCGG
GTGGATGCTCATGGAAATATTCTGTTGACATCGCTGGAAGTTCACAATGAAATGAATGAG
GTCTCAGGCGGCATTGGCGATACCAGGAATTCAGCAATATCCTTTGACAACTCAGGAATC
CAGTACAGGAAACAGAGCATGCCTCGAGAAGGGCATGGGCGATTCCTGGGGGACAGAAGC
CTCCCGCACAAGAAGACCCATCTACGGAGGAGGTCTTCACAGCTCAAAATTAAAATACCT
GATCTAACCGATGTGAATGCCATAGACAGATGGTCCAGGATCGTGTTTCCATTCACTTTT
TCTCTTTTCAACTTAGTTTACTGGCTGTACTATGTTAACTGA
Enzyme 26 GenBank Gene ID M82919 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GeneCard ID P28472 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GenAtlas ID GABRB3 Link Image
Enzyme 26 HGNC ID HGNC:4083 Link Image
Enzyme 26 Chromosome Location 15
Enzyme 26 Locus 15q11.2-q12
Enzyme 26 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 26 General References
  1. Wagstaff J, Chaillet JR, Lalande M: The GABAA receptor beta 3 subunit gene: characterization of a human cDNA from chromosome 15q11q13 and mapping to a region of conserved synteny on mouse chromosome 7. Genomics. 1991 Dec;11(4):1071-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kirkness EF, Fraser CM: A strong promoter element is located between alternative exons of a gene encoding the human gamma-aminobutyric acid-type A receptor beta 3 subunit (GABRB3). J Biol Chem. 1993 Feb 25;268(6):4420-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 26 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 27 [top]
Enzyme 27 ID 13918
Enzyme 27 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta precursor
Enzyme 27 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit delta
Enzyme 27 Gene Name GABRD
Enzyme 27 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta precursor
MDAPARLLAPLLLLCAQQLRGTRAMNDIGDYVGSNLEISWLPNLDGLIAGYARNFRPGIG
GPPVNVALALEVASIDHISEANMEYTMTVFLHQSWRDSRLSYNHTNETLGLDSRFVDKLW
LPDTFIVNAKSAWFHDVTVENKLIRLQPDGVILYSIRITSTVACDMDLAKYPMDEQECML
DLESYGYSSEDIVYYWSESQEHIHGLDKLQLAQFTITSYRFTTELMNFKSAGQFPRLSLH
FHLRRNRGVYIIQSYMPSVLLVAMSWVSFWISQAAVPARVSLGITTVLTMTTLMVSARSS
LPRASAIKALDVYFWICYVFVFAALVEYAFAHFNADYRKKQKAKVKVSRPRAEMDVRNAI
VLFSLSAAGVTQELAISRRQRRVPGNLMGSYRSVGVETGETKKEGAARSGGQGGIRARLR
PIDADTIDIYARAVFPAAFAAVNVIYWAAYAM
Enzyme 27 Number of Residues 452
Enzyme 27 Molecular Weight 50709
Enzyme 27 Theoretical pI 8.73
Enzyme 27 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 27 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 27 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 27 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 27 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 27 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 27 Signals
  • 1-16
Enzyme 27 Transmembrane Regions
  • 249-271 275-297 309-331 430-452
Enzyme 27 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 27 GenBank ID Protein 2388693 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14764 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 27 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 27 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Gene Sequence >1359 bp
ATGGACGCGCCCGCCCGGCTGCTGGCCCCGCTCCTGCTCCTCTGCGCGCAGCAGCTCCGC
GGCACCAGAGCGATGAATGACATCGGCGACTACGTGGGCTCCAACCTGGAGATCTCCTGG
CTCCCCAACCTGGACGGGCTGATAGCCGGCTACGCCCGCAACTTCCGGCCTGGCATCGGA
GGCCCCCCCGTGAATGTGGCCCTTGCCCTGGAGGTGGCCAGCATCGACCACATCTCAGAG
GCCAACATGGAGTACACCATGACGGTGTTCCTGCACCAGAGCTGGCGGGACAGCAGGCTC
TCCTACAACCACACCAACGAGACCCTGGGCCTGGACAGCCGCTTCGTGGACAAGCTGTGG
CTGCCCGACACCTTCATCGTGAACGCCAAGTCGGCCTGGTTCCACGACGTGACGGTGGAG
AACAAGCTCATCCGGCTGCAGCCCGACGGCGTGATCCTGTACAGCATCCGAATCACCTCC
ACTGTGGCCTGCGACATGGACCTGGCCAAATACCCCATGGACGAGCAGGAGTGCATGCTG
GACCTGGAGAGCTACGGTTACTCATCGGAGGACATCGTCTACTACTGGTCGGAGAGCCAG
GAGCACATCCACGGGCTGGACAAGCTGCAGCTGGCGCAGTTCACCATCACCAGCTACCAC
TTCACCACGGAGCTGATGAACTTCAAGTCCGCTGGCCAGTTCCCACGGCTCAGCCTGCAC
TTCCACCTGCGGAGGAACCGCGGCGTGTACATCATCCAATCCTACATGCCCTCCGTCCTG
CTGGTCGCCATGTCCTGGGTCTCCTTCTGGATCAGCCAGGCGGCGGTGCCCGCCAGGGTG
TCTCTAGGCATCACCACGGTGCTGACGATGACCACGCTCATGGTCAGTGCCCGCTCCTCC
CTGCCACGGGCATCAGCCATCAAGGCACTGGACGTCTACTTCTGGATCTGCTATGTCTTC
GTGTTTGCCGCCCTGGTGGAGTACGCCTTTGCTCATTTCAACGCCGACTACAGGAAGAAG
CAGAAGGCCAAGGTCAAGGTCTCCAGGCCGAGGGCAGAGATGGACGTGAGGAACGCCATT
GTCCTCTTCTCCCTCTCTGCTGCCGGCGTCACGCAGGAGCTGGCCATCTCCCGCCGGCAG
CGCCGCGTCCCGGGGAACCTGATGGGCTCCTACAGGTCGGTGGGGGTGGAGACAGGGGAG
ACGAAGAAGGAGGGGGCAGCCCGCTCAGGAGGCCAGGGGGGCATCCGTGCCCGGCTCAGG
CCCATCGACGCAGACACCATTGACATTTACGCCCGCGCTGTGTTCCCTGCGGCGTTTGCG
GCCGTCAATGTCATCTACTGGGCGGCATACGCCATGTGA
Enzyme 27 GenBank Gene ID AF016917 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GeneCard ID O14764 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GenAtlas ID GABRD Link Image
Enzyme 27 HGNC ID HGNC:4084 Link Image
Enzyme 27 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 27 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 27 General References Not Available
Enzyme 27 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 28 [top]
Enzyme 28 ID 13919
Enzyme 28 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon precursor
Enzyme 28 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit epsilon
Enzyme 28 Gene Name GABRE
Enzyme 28 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon precursor
MLSKVLPVLLGILLILQSRVEGPQTESKNEASSRDVVYGPQPQPLENQLLSEETKSTETE
TGSRVGKLPEASRILNTILSNYDHKLRPGIGEKPTVVTVEISVNSLGPLSILDMEYTIDI
IFSQTWYDERLCYNDTFESLVLNGNVVSQLWIPDTFFRNSKRTHEHEITMPNQMVRIYKD
GKVLYTIRMTIDAGCSLHMLRFPMDSHSCPLSFSSFSYPENEMIYKWENFKLEINEKNSW
KLFQFDFTGVSNKTEIITTPVGDFMVMTIFFNVSRRFGYVAFQNYVPSSVTTMLSWVSFW
IKTESAPARTSLGITSVLTMTTLGTFSRKNFPRVSYITALDFYIAICFVFCFCALLEFAV
LNFLIYNQTKAHASPKLRHPRINSRAHARTRARSRACARQHQEAFVCQIVTTEGSDGEER
PSCSAQQPPSPGSPEGPRSLCSKLACCEWCKRFKKYFCMVPDCEGSTWQQGRLCIHVYRL
DNYSRVVFPVTFFFFNVLYWLVCLNL
Enzyme 28 Number of Residues 506
Enzyme 28 Molecular Weight 57972
Enzyme 28 Theoretical pI 8.09
Enzyme 28 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 28 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 28 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 28 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 28 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 28 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 28 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 28 Transmembrane Regions
  • 254-274 281-301 344-364 486-506
Enzyme 28 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 28 GenBank ID Protein 1857126 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P78334 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRE_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 28 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 28 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 28 Gene Sequence >1521 bp
ATGTTGTCCAAAGTTCTTCCAGTCCTCCTAGGCATCTTATTGATCCTCCAGTCGAGGGTC
GAGGGACCTCAGACTGAATCAAAGAATGAAGCCTCTTCCCGTGATGTTGTCTATGGCCCC
CAGCCCCAGCCTCTGGAAAATCAGCTCCTCTCTGAGGAAACAAAGTCAACTGAGACTGAG
ACTGGGAGCAGAGTTGGCAAACTGCCAGAAGCCTCTCGCATCCTGAACACTATCCTGAGT
AATTATGACCACAAACTGCGCCCTGGCATTGGAGAGAAGCCCACTGTGGTCACTGTTGAG
ATCGCCGTCAACAGCCTTGGTCCTCTCTCTATCCTAGACATGGAATACACCATTGACATC
ATCTTCTCCCAGACCTGGTACGACGAACGCCTCTGTTACAACGACACCTTTGAGTCTCTT
GTTCTGAATGGCAATGTGGTGAGCCAGCTATGGATCCCGGACACCTTTTTTAGGAATTCT
AAGAGGACCCACGAGCATGAGATCACCATGCCCAACCAGATGGTCCGCATCTACAAGGAT
GGCAAGGTGTTGTACACAATTAGGATGACCATTGATGCCGGATGCTCACTCCACATGCTC
AGATTTCCAATGGATTCTCACTCTTGCCCTCTATCTTTCTCTAGCTTTTCCTATCCTGAG
AATGAGATGATCTACAAGTGGGAAAATTTCAAGCTTGAAATCAATGAGAAGAACTCCTGG
AAGCTCTTCCAGTTTGATTTTACAGGAGTGAGCAACAAAACTGAAATAATCACAACCCCA
GTTGGTGACTTCATGGTCATGACGATTTTCTTCAATGTGAGCAGGCGGTTTGGCTATGTT
GCCTTTCAAAACTATGTCCCTTCTTCCGTGACCACGATGCTCTCCTGGGTTTCCTTTTGG
ATCAAGACAGAGTCTGCTCCAGCCCGGACCTCTCTAGGGATCACCTCTGTTCTGACCATG
ACCACGTTGGGCACCTTTTCTCGTAAGAATTTCCCGCGTGTCTCCTATATCACAGCCTTG
GATTTCTATATCGCCATCTGCTTCGTCTTCTGCTTCTGCGCTCTGTTGGAGTTTGCTGTG
CTCAACTTCCTGATCTACAACCAGACAAAAGCCCATGCTTCTCCTAAACTCCGCCATCCT
CGTATCAATAGCCGTGCCCATGCCCGTACCCGTGCACGTTCCCGAGCCTGTGCCCGCCAA
CATCAGGAAGCTTTTGTGTGCCAGATTGTCACCACTGAGGGAAGTGATGGAGAGGAGCGC
CCGTCTTGCTCAGCCCAGCAGCCCCCTAGCCCAGGTAGCCCTGAGGGTCCCCGCAGCCTC
TGCTCCAAGCTGGCCTGCTGTGAGTGGTGCAAGCGTTTTAAGAAGTACTTCTGCATGGTC
CCCGATTGTGAGGGCAGTACCTGGCAGCAGGGCCGCCTCTGCATCCATGTCTACCGCCTG
GATAACTACTCGAGAGTTGTTTTCCCAGTGACTTTCTTCTTCTTCAATGTGCTCTACTGG
CTTGTTTGCCTTAACTTGTAG
Enzyme 28 GenBank Gene ID U66661 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GeneCard ID P78334 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GenAtlas ID GABRE Link Image
Enzyme 28 HGNC ID HGNC:4085 Link Image
Enzyme 28 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 28 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 28 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 28 General References
  1. Davies PA, Hanna MC, Hales TG, Kirkness EF: Insensitivity to anaesthetic agents conferred by a class of GABA(A) receptor subunit. Nature. 1997 Feb 27;385(6619):820-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wilke K, Gaul R, Klauck SM, Poustka A: A gene in human chromosome band Xq28 (GABRE) defines a putative new subunit class of the GABAA neurotransmitter receptor. Genomics. 1997 Oct 1;45(1):1-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Garret M, Bascles L, Boue-Grabot E, Sartor P, Charron G, Bloch B, Margolskee RF: An mRNA encoding a putative GABA-gated chloride channel is expressed in the human cardiac conduction system. J Neurochem. 1997 Apr;68(4):1382-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 28 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 29 [top]
Enzyme 29 ID 13920
Enzyme 29 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 precursor
Enzyme 29 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit gamma-1
Enzyme 29 Gene Name GABRG1
Enzyme 29 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 precursor
MGPLKAFLFSPFLLRSQSRGVRLVFLLLTLHLGNCVDKADDEDDEDLTVNKTWVLAPKIH
EGDITQILNSLLQGYDNKLRPDIGVRPTVIETDVYVNSIGPVDPINMEYTIDIIFAQTWF
DSRLKFNSTMKVLMLNSNMVGKIWIPDTFFRNSRKSDAHWITTPNRLLRIWNDGRVLYTL
RLTINAECYLQLHNFPMDEHSCPLEFSSYGYPKNEIEYKWKKPSVEVADPKYWRLYQFAF
VGLRNSTEITHTISGDYVIMTIFFDLSRRMGYFTIQTYIPCILTVVLSWVSFWINKDAVP
ARTSLGITTVLTMTTLSTIARKSLPKVSYVTAMDLFVSVCFIFVFAALMEYGTLHYFTSN
QKGKTATKDRKLKNKASMTPGLHPGSTLIPMNNISVPQEDDYEYQCLEGKDCASFFCCFE
DCRTGSWREGRIHIRIAKIDSYSRIFFPTAFALFNLVYWVGYLYL
Enzyme 29 Number of Residues 465
Enzyme 29 Molecular Weight 53668
Enzyme 29 Theoretical pI 8.08
Enzyme 29 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 29 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 29 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 29 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 29 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 29 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 29 Signals
  • 1-35
Enzyme 29 Transmembrane Regions
  • 273-294 299-320 332-354 445-465
Enzyme 29 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 29 GenBank ID Protein 21411386 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8N1C3 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRG1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 29 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 29 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 29 Gene Sequence >1398 bp
ATGGGTCCTTTGAAAGCTTTTCTCTTCTCCCCTTTTCTTCTGCGGAGTCAAAGTAGAGGG
GTGAGGTTGGTCTTCTTGTTACTGACCCTGCATTTGGGAAACTGTGTTGATAAGGCAGAT
GATGAAGATGATGAGGATTTAACGGTGAACAAAACCTGGGTCTTGGCCCCAAAAATTCAT
GAAGGAGATATCACACAAATTCTGAATTCATTGCTTCAAGGCTATGACAATAAACTTCGT
CCAGATATAGGAGTGAGGCCCACAGTAATTGAAACTGATGTTTATGTAAACAGCATTGGA
CCAGTTGATCCAATTAATATGGAATATACAATAGATATAATTTTTGCCCAAACCTGGTTT
GACAGTCGTTTAAAATTCAATAGTACCATGAAAGTGCTTATGCTTAACAGTAATATGGTT
GGAAAAATTTGGATTCCTGACACTTTCTTCAGAAACTCAAGAAAATCTGATGCTCACTGG
ATAACAACTCCTAATCGTCTGCTTCGAATTTGGAATGATGGACGAGTTCTGTATACTCTA
AGATTGACAATTAATGCAGAATGTTATCTTCAGCTTCATAACTTTCCCATGGATGAACAT
TCCTGTCCACTGGAATTTTCAAGCTATGGATACCCTAAAAATGAAATTGAGTATAAGTGG
AAAAAGCCCTCCGTAGAAGTGGCTGATCCTAAATACTGGAGATTATATCAGTTTGCATTT
GTAGGGTTACGGAACTCAACTGAAATCACTCACACGATCTCTGGGGATTATGTTATCATG
ACAATTTTTTTTGACCTGAGCAGAAGAATGGGATATTTCACTATTCAGACCTACATTCCA
TGCATTCTGACAGTTGTTCTTTCTTGGGTGTCTTTTTGGATCAATAAAGATGCAGTGCCT
GCAAGAACATCGTTGGGTATCACTACAGTTCTGACTATGACAACCCTGAGTACAATTGCC
AGGAAGTCTTTACCTAAGGTTTCTTATGTGACTGCGATGGATCTCTTTGTTTCTGTTTGT
TTCATTTTTGTTTTTGCAGCCTTGATGGAATATGGAACCTTGCATTATTTTACCAGCAAC
CAAAAAGGAAAGACTGCTACTAAAGACAGAAAGCTAAAAAATAAAGCCTCGATGACTCCT
GGTCTCCATCCTGGATCCACTCTGATTCCAATGAATAATATTTCTGTGCCGCAAGAAGAT
GATTATGAGTATCAGTGTTTGGAGGGCAAAGATTGTGCCAGCTTCTTCTGTTGCTTTGAA
GACTGCAGAACAGGATCTTGGAGGGAAGGAAGGATACACATACGCATTGCCAAAATTGAC
TCTTATTCTAGAATATTTTTCCCAACCGCTTTTGCCCTGTTCAACTTGGTTTATTGGGTT
GGCTATCTTTACTTATAA
Enzyme 29 GenBank Gene ID BC031087 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GeneCard ID Q8N1C3 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GenAtlas ID GABRG1 Link Image
Enzyme 29 HGNC ID HGNC:4086 Link Image
Enzyme 29 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 29 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 29 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 29 General References Not Available
Enzyme 29 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 30 [top]
Enzyme 30 ID 13921
Enzyme 30 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 precursor
Enzyme 30 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit gamma-3
Enzyme 30 Gene Name GABRG3
Enzyme 30 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 precursor
MAPKLLLLLCLFSGLHARSRKVEEDEYEDSSSNQKWVLAPKSQDTDVTLILNKLLREYDK
KLRPDIGIKPTVIDVDIYVNSIGPVSSINMEYQIDIFFAQTWTDSRLRFNSTMKILTLNS
NMVGLIWIPDTIFRNSKTAEAHWITTPNQLLRIWNDGKILYTLRLTINAECQLQLHNFPM
DEHSCPLIFSSYGYPKEEMIYRWRKNSVEAADQKSWRLYQFDFMGLRNTTEIVTTSAGDY
VVMTIYFELSRRMGYFTIQTYIPCILTVVLSWVSFWIKKDATPARTALGITTVLTMTTLS
TIARKSLPRVSYVTAMDLFVTVCFLFVFAALMEYATLNYYSSCRKPTTTKKTTSLLHPDS
SRWIPERISLQAPSNYSLLDMRPPPTAMITLNNSVYWQEFEDTCVYECLDGKDCQSFFCC
YEECKSGSWRKGRIHIDILELDSYSRVFFPTSFLLFNLVYWVGYLYL
Enzyme 30 Number of Residues 467
Enzyme 30 Molecular Weight 54289
Enzyme 30 Theoretical pI 7.58
Enzyme 30 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • anion transport
  • cell communication
  • cell surface receptor linked signal transduction
  • cellular physiological process
  • cellular process
  • chloride transport
  • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
  • inorganic anion transport
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • signal transduction
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 30 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 30 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 30 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 30 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 30 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 30 Signals
  • 1-17
Enzyme 30 Transmembrane Regions
  • 255-277 281-303 315-337 444-467
Enzyme 30 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 30 GenBank ID Protein 1754749 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99928 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRG3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 30 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 30 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Sequence >1404 bp
ATGGCCCCGAAGCTGCTGCTCCTCCTCTGCCTGTTCTCGGGCTTGCACGCGCGGTCCAGA
AAGGTGGAAGAGGATGAATATGAAGATTCATCATCAAACCAAAAGTGGGTCTTGGCTCCA
AAATCCCAAGACACCGACGTGACTCTTATTCTCAACAAGTTGCTAAGAGAGTATGATAAA
AAGCTGAGGCCAGATATTGGAATAAAACCGACCGTAATTGACGTTGACATTTATGTTAAC
AGCATTGGTCCTGTGTCATCAATAAACATGGAATACCAAATTGACATATTTTTTGCTCAG
ACCTGGACAGATAGTCGCCTTCGATTCAACAGCACAATGAAAATTCTTACTCTGAACAGC
AACATGGTGGGGTTAATCTGGATCCCAGACACCATCTTCCGCAATTCTAAAACCGCAGAG
GCTCACTGGATCACCACACCCAATCAGCTCCTCCGGATTTGGAATGACGGGAAAATCCTT
TACACTTTGAGGCTCACCATCAATGCTGAGTGCCAGCTGCAGCTGCACAACTTCCCCATG
GACGAACACTCCTGCCCGCTGATTTTCTCCAGCTATGGCTATCCCAAAGAAGAAATGATT
TATAGATGGAGAAAAAATTCAGTGGAGGCAGCTGACCAGAAATCATGGCGGCTTTATCAG
TTTGACTTCATGGGCCTCAGAAACACCACAGAAATCGTGACAACGTCTGCAGGTGATTAT
GTTGTCATGACTATATATTTTGAATTGAGTAGAAGAATGGGATACTTCACCATTCAGACA
TACATTCCCTGTATACTGACTGTGGTTTTATCCTGGGTGTCATTTTGGATCAAAAAAGAT
GCTACGCCAGCAAGAACAGCATTAGGCATCACCACGGTGCTGACCATGACCACCCTGAGC
ACCATCGCCAGGAAGTCCTTGCCACGCGTGTCCTACGTGACCGCCATGGACCTTTTTGTG
ACTGTGTGCTTCCTGTTTGTCTTCGCCGCGCTGATGGAGTATGCCACCCTCAACTACTAT
TCCAGCTGTAGAAAACCAACCACCACGAAAAAGACAACATCGTTACTACATCCAGATTCC
TCAAGATGGATTCCTGAGCGAATAAGCCTACAAGCCCCTTCCAACTATTCCCTCCTGGAC
ATGAGGCCACCACCACCTGCGATGATCACTTTAAACAATTCCGTTTACTGGCAGGAATTT
GAAGATACCTGTGTCTATGAGTGTCTGGATGGCAAAGACTGTCAGAGCTTCTTCTGCTGC
TATGAAGAATGTAAATCAGGATCCTGGAGGAAAGGGCGTATTCACATAGACATCTTGGAG
CTGGACTCGTACTCCCGGGTCTTTTTCCCCACGTCCTTCCTGCTCTTTAACCTGGTCTAC
TGGGTTGGATACCTGTATCTCTAA
Enzyme 30 GenBank Gene ID S82769 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GeneCard ID Q99928 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GenAtlas ID GABRG3 Link Image
Enzyme 30 HGNC ID HGNC:4088 Link Image
Enzyme 30 Chromosome Location 15
Enzyme 30 Locus 15q12
Enzyme 30 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 30 General References
  1. Hadingham KL, Wafford KA, Thompson SA, Palmer KJ, Whiting PJ: Expression and pharmacology of human GABAA receptors containing gamma 3 subunits. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Nov 30;291(3):301-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 30 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 31 [top]
Enzyme 31 ID 13922
Enzyme 31 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi precursor
Enzyme 31 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit pi
Enzyme 31 Gene Name GABRP
Enzyme 31 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi precursor
MNYSLHLAFVCLSLFTERMCIQGSQFNVEVGRSDKLSLPGFENLTAGYNKFLRPNFGGEP
VQIALTLDIASISSISESNMDYTATIYLRQRWMDQRLVFEGNKSFTLDARLVEFLWVPDT
YIVESKKSFLHEVTVGNRLIRLFSNGTVLYALRITTTVACNMDLSKYPMDTQTCKLQLES
WGYDGNDVEFTWLRGNDSVRGLEHLRLAQYTIERYFTLVTRSQQETGNYTRLVLQFELRR
NVLYFILETYVPSTFLVVLSWVSFWISLDSVPARTCIGVTTVLSMTTLMIGSRTSLPNTN
CFIKAIDVYLGICFSFVFGALLEYAVAHYSSLQQMAAKDRGTTKEVEEVSITNIINSSIS
SFKRKISFASIEISSDNVDYSDLTMKTSDKFKFVFREKMGRIVDYFTIQNPSNVDHYSKL
LFPLIFMLANVFYWAYYMYF
Enzyme 31 Number of Residues 440
Enzyme 31 Molecular Weight 50641
Enzyme 31 Theoretical pI 6.99
Enzyme 31 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 31 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 31 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. In the uterus, the function of the receptor appears to be related to tissue contractility. The binding of this pI subunit with other GABA(A) receptor subunits alters the sensitivity of recombinant receptors to modulatory agents such as pregnanolone
Enzyme 31 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 31 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 31 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 31 Signals
  • 1-16
Enzyme 31 Transmembrane Regions
  • 243-266 270-292 305-327 417-438
Enzyme 31 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 31 GenBank ID Protein 2197001 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00591 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 31 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 31 Gene Sequence >1323 bp
ATGAACTACAGCCTCCACTTGGCCTTCGTGTGTCTGAGTCTCTTCACTGAGAGGATGTGC
ATCCAGGGGAGTCAGTTCAACGTCGAGGTCGGCAGAAGTGACAAGCTTTCCCTGCCTGGC
TTTGAGAACCTCACAGCAGGATATAACAAATTTCTCAGGCCCAATTTTGGTGGAGAACCC
GTACAGATAGCGCTGACTCTGGACATTGCAAGTATCTCTAGCATTTCAGAGAGTAACATG
GACTACACAGCCACCATATACCTCCGACAGCGCTGGATGGACCAGCGGCTGGTGTTTGAA
GGCAACAAGAGCTTCACTCTGGATGCCCGCCTCGTGGAGTTCCTCTGGGTGCCAGATACT
TACATTGTGGAGTCCAAGAAGTCCTTCCTCCATGAAGTCACTGTGGGAAACAGGCTCATC
CGCCTCTTCTCCAATGGCACGGTCCTGTATGCCCTCAGAATCACGACAACTGTTGCATGT
AACATGGATCTGTCTAAATACCCCATGGACACACAGACATGCAAGTTGCAGCTGGAAAGC
TGGGGCTATGATGGAAATGATGTGGAGTTCACCTGGCTGAGAGGGAACGACTCTGTGCGT
GGACTGGAACACCTGCGGCTTGCTCAGTACACCATAGAGCGGTATTTCACCTTAGTCACC
AGATCGCAGCAGGAGACAGGAAATTACACTAGATTGGTCTTACAGTTTGAGCTTCGGAGG
AATGTTCTGTATTTCATTTTGGAAACCTACGTTCCTTCCACTTTCCTGGTGGTGTTGTCC
TGGGTTTCATTTTGGATCTCTCTCGATTCAGTCCCTGCAAGAACCTGCATTGGAGTGACG
ACCGTGTTATCAATGACCACACTGATGATCGGGTCCCGCACTTCTCTTCCCAACACCAAC
TGCTTCATCAAGGCCATCGATGTGTACCTGGGGATCTGCTTTAGCTTTGTGTTTGGGGCC
TTGCTAGAATATGCAGTTGCTCACTACAGTTCCTTACAGCAGATGGCAGCCAAAGATAGG
GGGACAACAAAGGAAGTAGAAGAAGTCAGTATTACTAATATCATCAACAGCTCCATCTCC
AGCTTTAAACGGAAGATCAGCTTTGCCAGCATTGAAATTTCCAGCGACAACGTTGACTAC
AGTGACTTGACAATGAAAACCAGCGACAAGTTCAAGTTTGTCTTCCGAGAAAAGATGGGC
AGGATTGTTGATTATTTCACAATTCAAAACCCCAGTAATGTTGATCACTATTCCAAACTA
CTGTTTCCTTTGATTTTTATGCTAGCCAATGTATTTTACTGGGCATACTACATGTATTTT
TGA
Enzyme 31 GenBank Gene ID U95367 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GeneCard ID O00591 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GenAtlas ID GABRP Link Image
Enzyme 31 HGNC ID HGNC:4089 Link Image
Enzyme 31 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 31 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 31 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 31 General References
  1. Hedblom E, Kirkness EF: A novel class of GABAA receptor subunit in tissues of the reproductive system. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 13;272(24):15346-50. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 31 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 32 [top]
Enzyme 32 ID 13923
Enzyme 32 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 precursor
Enzyme 32 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit rho-1
Enzyme 32 Gene Name GABRR1
Enzyme 32 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 precursor
MRFGIFLLWWGWVLATESRMHWPGREVHEMSKKGRPQRQRREVHEDAHKQVSPILRRSPD
ITKSPLTKSEQLLRIDDHDFSMRPGFGGPAIPVGVDVQVESLDSISEVDMDFTMTLYLRH
YWKDERLSFPSTNNLSMTFDGRLVKKIWVPDMFFVHSKRSFIHDTTTDNVMLRVQPDGKV
LYSLRVTVTAMCNMDFSRFPLDTQTCSLEIESYAYTEDDLMLYWKKGNDSLKTDERISLS
QFLIQEFHTTTKLAFYSSTGWYNRLYINFTLRRHIFFFLLQTYFPATLMVMLSWVSFWID
RRAVPARVPLGITTVLTMSTIITGVNASMPRVSYIKAVDIYLWVSFVFVFLSVLEYAAVN
YLTTVQERKEQKLREKLPCTSGLPPPRTAMLDGNYSDGEVNDLDNYMPENGEKPDRMMVQ
LTLASERSSPQRKSQRSSYVSMRIDTHAIDKYSRIIFPAAYILFNLIYWSIFS
Enzyme 32 Number of Residues 473
Enzyme 32 Molecular Weight 55258
Enzyme 32 Theoretical pI 8.86
Enzyme 32 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 32 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 32 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-1 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission
Enzyme 32 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 32 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 32 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 32 Signals
  • 1-15
Enzyme 32 Transmembrane Regions
  • 276-299 303-325 337-359 452-473
Enzyme 32 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 32 GenBank ID Protein 182911 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P24046 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRR1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 32 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Gene Sequence >1422 bp
ATGAGATTTGGCATCTTTCTTTTGTGGTGGGGATGGGTTTTGGCCACTGAAAGCAGAATG
CACTGGCCCGGAAGAGAAGTCCACGAGATGTCTAAGAAAGGCAGGCCCCAAAGACAAAGA
CGAGAAGTACATGAAGATGCCCACAAGCAAGTCAGCCCAATTCTGAGACGAAGTCCTGAC
ATCACCAAATCGCCTCTGACAAAGTCAGAACAGCTTCTGAGGATAGATGACCATGATTTC
AGCATGAGGCCTGGCTTTGGAGGCCCTGCCATTCCTGTTGGTGTGGATGTGCAGGTGGAG
AGTTTGGATAGCATCTCAGAGGTTGACATGGACTTTACGATGACCCTCTACCTGAGGCAC
TACTGGAAGGACGAGAGGCTGTCTTTTCCAAGCACCAACAACCTCAGCATGACGTTTGAT
GGCCGGCTGGTCAAGAAGATCTGGGTCCCTGACATGTTTTTCGTGCACTCCAAACGCTCC
TTCATCCACGACACCACCACAGACAACGTCATGTTGCGGGTCCAGCCTGATGGGAAAGTG
CTCTATAGTCTCAGGGTTACAGTAACTGCAATGTGCAACATGGACTTCAGCCGATTTCCC
TTGGACACACAAACGTGCTCTCTTGAAATTGAAAGCTATGCCTATACAGAAGATGACCTC
ATGCTGTACTGGAAAAAGGGCAATGACTCCTTAAAGACAGATGAACGGATCTCACTCTCC
CAGTTCCTCATTCAGGAATTCCACACCACCACCAAACTGGCTTTCTACAGCAGCACAGGC
TGGTACAACCGTCTCTACATTAATTTCACGTTGCGTCGCCACATCTTCTTCTTCTTGCTC
CAAACTTATTTCCCCGCTACCCTGATGGTCATGCTGTCCTGGGTGTCCTTCTGGATCGAC
CGCAGAGCCGTGCCTGCCAGAGTCCCCTTAGGTATCACAACGGTGCTGACCATGTCCACC
ATCATCACGGGCGTGAATGCCTCCATGCCGCGCGTCTCCTACATCAAGGCCGTGGACATC
TACCTCTGGGTCAGCTTTGTGTTCGTGTTCCTCTCGGTGCTGGAGTATGCGGCCGTCAAC
TACCTGACCACTGTGCAGGAGAGGAAGGAACAGAAGCTGCGGGAGAAGCTTCCCTGCACC
AGCGGATTACCTCCGCCCCGCACTGCAATGCTGGACGGCAACTACAGTGATGGGGAGGTG
AATGACCTGGACAACTACATGCCAGAGAATGGAGAGAAGCCCGACAGGATGATGGTGCAG
CTGACCCTGGCCTCAGAGAGGAGCTCCCCACAGAGGAAAAGTCAGAGAAGCAGCTATGTG
AGCATGAGAATCGACACCCACGCCATTGATAAATACTCCAGGATCATCTTTCCAGCAGCA
TACATTTTATTCAATTTAATATACTGGTCTATTTTCTCCTAG
Enzyme 32 GenBank Gene ID M62400 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GeneCard ID P24046 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GenAtlas ID GABRR1 Link Image
Enzyme 32 HGNC ID HGNC:4090 Link Image
Enzyme 32 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 32 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 32 General References
  1. Cutting GR, Lu L, O'Hara BF, Kasch LM, Montrose-Rafizadeh C, Donovan DM, Shimada S, Antonarakis SE, Guggino WB, Uhl GR, et al.: Cloning of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) rho 1 cDNA: a GABA receptor subunit highly expressed in the retina. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 1;88(7):2673-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 32 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 33 [top]
Enzyme 33 ID 13924
Enzyme 33 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 precursor
Enzyme 33 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit rho-2
Enzyme 33 Gene Name GABRR2
Enzyme 33 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 precursor
MPYFTRLILFLFCLMVLVESRKPKRKRWTGQVEMPKPSHLYKKNLDVTKIRKGKPQQLLR
VDEHDFSMRPAFGGPAIPVGVDVQVESLDSISEVDMDFTMTLYLRHYWKDERLAFSSASN
KSMTFDGRLVKKIWVPDVFFVHSKRSFTHDTTTDNIMLRVFPDGHVLYSMRITVTAMCNM
DFSHFPLDSQTCSLELESYAYTDEDLMLYWKNGDESLKTDEKISLSQFLIQKFHTTSRLA
FYSSTGWYNRLYINFTLRRHIFFFLLQTYFPATLMVMLSWVSFWIDRRAVPARVSLGITT
VLTMTTIITGVNASMPRVSYVKAVDIYLWVSFVFVFLSVLEYAAVNYLTTVQERKERKLR
EKFPCMCGMLHSKTMMLDGSYSESEANSLAGYPRSHILTEEERQDKIVVHLGLSGEANAA
RKKGLLKGQTGFRIFQNTHAIDKYSRLIFPASYIFFNLIYWSVFS
Enzyme 33 Number of Residues 465
Enzyme 33 Molecular Weight 54152
Enzyme 33 Theoretical pI 9.58
Enzyme 33 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 33 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 33 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-2 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission
Enzyme 33 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 33 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 33 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 33 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 33 Transmembrane Regions
  • 262-285 289-311 323-345 444-465
Enzyme 33 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 33 GenBank ID Protein 456428 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P28476 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRR2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 33 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Gene Sequence >1398 bp
ATGCCTTATTTTACAAGACTCATTTTGTTCTTGTTTTGCTTGATGGTTCTCGTGGAGAGC
AGAAAACCCAAGAGGAAGCGATGGACAGGGCAGGTGGAAATGCCCAAGCCAAGTCACTTA
TATAAGAAGAACCTTGATGTGACCAAGATCCGGAAGGGAAAGCCTCAGCAGCTTCTCAGA
GTGGACGAGCACGACTTCAGCATGAGACCCGCCTTCGGAGGCCCTGCCATCCCGGTGGGC
GTGGACGTACAGGTGGAGAGCCTGGACAGCATCTCCGAGGTGGACATGGACTTCACTATG
ACCCTGTACCTGCGGCATTACTGGAAGGATGAGAGGCTAGCTTTCTCCAGCGCCAGCAAC
AAGAGCATGACCTTCGATGGCCGGCTGGTGAAGAAGATCTGGGTCCCTGATGTCTTCTTT
GTTCACTCCAAAAGATCGTTCACTCATGACACCACCACTGACAACATCATGCTGAGGGTG
TTCCCAGATGGACACGTGCTGTACAGCATGAGGATTACGGTCACTGCCATGTGCAACATG
GACTTCAGCCACTTTCCCCTGGACTCCCAGACCTGTTCTTTGGAGCTGGAGAGCTATGCC
TATACAGATGAAGATCTAATGCTGCACTGGAAGAATGGGGATGAATCCCTAAAAACAGAT
GAGAAGATCTCCTTGTCTCAGTTTCTGATTCAGAAATTTCACACAACTTCCAGGCTGGCC
TTCTACAGCAGCACTGGCTGGTACAACCGTCTGTACATTAACTTCACGTTGCGTCGCCAC
ATCTTCTTCTTCTTGCTCCAAACATATTTCCCTGCCACTCTGATGGTCATGCTGTCCTGG
GTGTCCTTCTGGATCGACCGCAGAGCTGTGCCTGCCAGAGTTTCACTGGGTATCACGACG
GTGCTGACCATGACCACCATCATCACGGGCGTGAATGCCTCCATGCCGCGCGTCTCCTAC
GTCAAGGCCGTGGACATCTACCTCTGGGTCAGCTTTGTGTTCGTGTTCCTCTCGGTGCTG
GAGTATGCGGCTGTCAACTACCTGACCACCGTGCAGGAGCGCAAGGAACGGAAGCTGCGG
GAGAAGTTCCCGTGCATGTGTGGAATGCTTCACTCAAAAACCATGATGCTGGATGGAAGC
TACAGTGAGTCTGAGGCCAACAGCCTGGCTGGGTACCCCAGAAGCCATATCCTGACAGAA
GAAGAAAGGCAAGACAAAATAGTGGTCCACCTGGGCCTGAGTGGTGAAGCCAACGCTGCC
AGAAAGAAGGGGCTTCTGAAGGGCCAGACGGGTTTTCGTATCTTCCAGAATACCCATGCC
ATTGACAAATACTCTAGGTTGATATTCCCTGCCTCCTACATATTTTTCAACTTAATTTAT
TGGTCAGTGTTTTCCTAG
Enzyme 33 GenBank Gene ID M86868 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GeneCard ID P28476 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GenAtlas ID GABRR2 Link Image
Enzyme 33 HGNC ID HGNC:4091 Link Image
Enzyme 33 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 33 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 33 General References
  1. Cutting GR, Curristin S, Zoghbi H, O'Hara B, Seldin MF, Uhl GR: Identification of a putative gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit rho2 cDNA and colocalization of the genes encoding rho2 (GABRR2) and rho1 (GABRR1) to human chromosome 6q14-q21 and mouse chromosome 4. Genomics. 1992 Apr;12(4):801-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 33 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 34 [top]
Enzyme 34 ID 13925
Enzyme 34 Name Uncharacterized protein ENSP00000328115
Enzyme 34 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Name Not Available
Enzyme 34 Protein Sequence >Uncharacterized protein ENSP00000328115
MVLAFQLVSFTYIWIILKPNVCAASNIKMTHQRCSSSMKQTCKQETRMKKDDSTKARPQK
YEQLLHIEDNDFAMRPGFGGSPVPVGIDVHVESIDSISETNMDFTMTFYLRHYWKDERLS
FPSTANKSMTFDHRLTRKIWVPDIFFVHSKRSFIHDTTMENIMLRVHPDGNVLLSLRITV
SAMCFMDFSRFPLDTQNCSLELESCKSHFLVEPLFDFRKFLVRLAHFGISSKEKAYNEDD
LMLYWKHGNKSLNTEEHMSLSQFFIEDFSASSGLAFYSSTGWYNRLFINFVLRRHVFFFV
LQTYFPAILMVMLSWVSFWIDRRAVPARVSLGITTVLTMSTIITAVSASMPQVSYLKAVD
VYLWVSSLFVFLSVIEYAAVNYLTTVEERKQFKKTGKMDDDGCFYILFSHRTFLSAPSID
LCEVKGLDGKPNPNFPMNQESKTFKKIIILENNHVIDTYSRILFPIVYILFNLFYWGVYV
LEKFDSINKS
Enzyme 34 Number of Residues 490
Enzyme 34 Molecular Weight 57058
Enzyme 34 Theoretical pI 8.37
Enzyme 34 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 34 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 34 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 34 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 34 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 34 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 34 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 34 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 34 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 34 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A8MPY1 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A8MPY1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 34 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 34 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 34 GenBank Gene ID AC026100 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GeneCard ID A8MPY1 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GenAtlas ID GABRR3 Link Image
Enzyme 34 HGNC ID HGNC:17969 Link Image
Enzyme 34 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 34 SNPs Not Available
Enzyme 34 General References Not Available
Enzyme 34 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 35 [top]
Enzyme 35 ID 13926
Enzyme 35 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta precursor
Enzyme 35 Synonyms
  1. GABA(Areceptor subunit theta
Enzyme 35 Gene Name GABRQ
Enzyme 35 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta precursor
MGIRGMLRAAVILLLIRTWLAEGNYPSPIPKFHFEFSSAVPEVVLNLFNCKNCANEAVVQ
KILDRVLSRYDVRLRPNFGGAPVPVRISIYVTSIEQISEMNMDYTITMFFHQTWKDSRLA
YYETTLNLTLDYRMHEKLWVPDCYFLNSKDAFVHDVTVENRVFQLHPDGTVRYGIRLTTT
AACSLDLHKFPMDKQACNLVVESYGYTVEDIILFWDDNGNAIHMTEELHIPQFTFLGRTI
TSKEVYFYTGSYIRLILKFQVQREVNSYLVQVYWPTVLTTITSWISFWMNYDSSAARVTI
GLTSMLILTTIDSHLRDKLPNISCIKAIDIYILVCLFFVFLSLLEYVYINYLFYSRGPRR
QPRRHRRPRRVIARYRYQQVVVGNVQDGLINVEDGVSSLPITPAQAPLASPESLGSLTST
SEQAQLATSESLSPLTSLSGQAPLATGESLSDLPSTSEQARHSYGVRFNGFQADDSIFPT
EIRNRVEAHGHGVTHDHEDSNESLSSDERHGHGPSGKPMLHHGEKGVQEAGWDLDDNNDK
SDCLAIKEQFKCDTNSTWGLNDDELMAHGQEKDSSSESEDSCPPSPGCSFTEGFSFDLFN
PDYVPKVDKWSRFLFPLAFGLFNIVYWVYHMY
Enzyme 35 Number of Residues 632
Enzyme 35 Molecular Weight 72022
Enzyme 35 Theoretical pI 5.76
Enzyme 35 GO Classification
Function
  • GABA receptor activity
  • GABA-A receptor activity
  • extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • ion transporter activity
  • ligand-gated ion channel activity
  • neurotransmitter receptor activity
  • receptor activity
  • signal transducer activity
  • transmembrane receptor activity
  • transporter activity
Process
  • cellular physiological process
  • ion transport
  • physiological process
  • transport
Component
  • cell
  • integral to membrane
  • intrinsic to membrane
  • membrane
  • postsynaptic membrane
Enzyme 35 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 35 Specific Function GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel
Enzyme 35 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 35 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 35 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 35 Signals
  • 1-21
Enzyme 35 Transmembrane Regions
  • 269-289 327-347 612-632
Enzyme 35 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 35 GenBank ID Protein 7861736 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UN88 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRT_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 35 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 35 Gene Sequence >1899 bp
ATGGGCATCCGAGGCATGCTGCGAGCCGCAGTGATCCTGCTGCTCATCAGGACCTGGCTC
GCGGAGGGCAACTACCCCAGTCCCATCCCGAAATTCCACTTCGAGTTCTCCTCTGCTGTG
CCCGAAGTCGTCCTGAACCTCTTCAACTGCAAAAATTGTGCAAATGAAGCTGTGGTTCAA
AAGATTTTGGACAGGGTGCTGTCAAGATACGATGTCCGCCTGAGACCGAATTTTGGAGGT
GCCCCTGTGCCTGTGAGAATATCTATTTATGTCACGAGCATTGAACAGATCTCAGAAATG
AATATGGACTACACGATCACGATGTTTTTTCATCAGACTTGGAAAGATTCACGCTTAGCA
TACTATGAGACCACCCTGAACTTGACCCTGGACTATCGGATGCATGAGAAGTTGTGGGTC
CCTGACTGCTACTTTCTGAACAGCAAGGATGCTTTCGTGCATGATGTGACTGTGGAGAAT
CGCGTGTTTCAGCTTCACCCAGATGGAACGGTGCGGTACGGCATCCGACTCACCACTACA
GCAGCTTGTTCCCTGGATCTGCATAAATTCCCTATGGACAAGCAGGCCTGCAACCTGGTG
GTAGAGAGCTATGGTTACACGGTTGAAGACATCATATTATTCTGGGATGACAATGGGAAC
GCCATCCACATGACTGAGGAGCTGCATATCCCTCAGTTCACTTTCCTGGGAAGGACGATT
ACTAGCAAGGAGGTGTATTTCTACACAGGTTCCTACATACGCCTGATACTGAAGTTCCAG
GTTCAGAGGGAAGTTAACAGCTACCTTGTGCAAGTCTACTGGCCTACTGTCCTCACCACT
ATTACCTCTTGGATATCGTTTTGGATGAACTATGATTCCTCTGCAGCCAGGGTGACAATT
GGCTTAACTTCAATGCTCATCCTGACCACCATCGACTCACATCTGCGGGATAAGCTCCCC
AACATTTCCTGTATCAAGGCCATTGATATCTATATCCTCGTGTGCTTGTTCTTTGTGTTC
CTGTCCTTGCTGGAGTATGTCTACATCAACTATCTTTTCTACAGTCGAGGACCTCGGCGC
CAGCCTAGGCGACACAGGAGACCCCGAAGAGTCATTGCCCGCTACCGCTACCAGCAAGTG
GTGGTAGGAAACGTGCAGGATGGCCTGATTAACGTGGAAGACGGAGTCAGCTCTCTCCCC
ATCACCCCAGCGCAGGCCCCCCTGGCAAGCCCGGAAAGCCTCGGTTCTTTGACGTCCACC
TCCGAGCAGGCCCAGCTGGCCACCTCGGAAAGCCTCAGCCCACTCACTTCTCTCTCAGGC
CAGGCCCCCCTGGCCACTGGAGAAAGCCTGAGCGATCTCCCCTCCACCTCAGAGCAGGCC
CGGCACAGCTATGGTGTTCGCTTTAATGGTTTCCAGGCTGATGACAGTATTATTCCTACC
GAAATCCGCAACCGTGTCGAAGCCCATGGCCATGGTGTTACCCATGACCATGAAGATTCC
AATGAGAGCTTGAGCTCGGATGAGCGCCATGGCCATGGCCCCAGTGGGAAGCCCATGCTT
CACCATGGCGAGAAGGGTGTGCAAGAAGCAGGCTGGGACCTTGATGACAACAATGACAAG
AGCGACTGCCTTGCCATTAAGGAGCAATTCAAGTGTGATACTAACAGTACCTGGGGCCTT
AATGATGATGAGCTCATGGCCCATGGCCAAGAGAAGGACAGTAGCTCAGAGTCTGAGGAT
AGTTGCCCCCCAAGCCCTGGGTGCTCCTTCACTGAAGGGTTCTCCTTCGATCTCTTTAAT
CCTGACTACGTCCCAAAGGTCGACAAGTGGTCCCGGTTCCTCTTCCCTCTGGCCTTTGGG
TTGTTCAACATTGTTTACTGGGTATACCATATGTATTAG
Enzyme 35 GenBank Gene ID AF189259 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GeneCard ID Q9UN88 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GenAtlas ID GABRQ Link Image
Enzyme 35 HGNC ID HGNC:14454 Link Image
Enzyme 35 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 35 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 35 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 35 General References
  1. Sinkkonen ST, Hanna MC, Kirkness EF, Korpi ER: GABA(A) receptor epsilon and theta subunits display unusual structural variation between species and are enriched in the rat locus ceruleus. J Neurosci. 2000 May 15;20(10):3588-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bonnert TP, McKernan RM, Farrar S, le Bourdelles B, Heavens RP, Smith DW, Hewson L, Rigby MR, Sirinathsinghji DJ, Brown N, Wafford KA, Whiting PJ: theta, a novel gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 17;96(17):9891-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 35 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 36 [top]
Enzyme 36 ID 16882
Enzyme 36 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2
Enzyme 36 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor-associated protein-like 2
  2. Golgi-associated ATPase enhancer of 16 kDa
  3. GATE-16
  4. General protein transport factor p16
  5. Ganglioside expression factor 2
  6. GEF-2
  7. MAP1 light chain 3-related protein
Enzyme 36 Gene Name GABARAPL2
Enzyme 36 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2
MKWMFKEDHSLEHRCVESAKIRAKYPDRVPVIVEKVSGSQIVDIDKRKYLVPSDITVAQF
MWIIRKRIQLPSEKAIFLFVDKTVPQSSLTMGQLYEKEKDEDGFLYVAYSGENTFGF
Enzyme 36 Number of Residues 117
Enzyme 36 Molecular Weight 13667
Enzyme 36 Theoretical pI 8.43
Enzyme 36 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 36 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 36 Specific Function Involved in intra-Golgi traffic. Modulates intra-Golgi transport through coupling between NSF activity and SNAREs activation. It first stimulates the ATPase activity of NSF which in turn stimulates the association with GOSR1
Enzyme 36 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 36 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 36 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 36 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 36 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 36 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P60520 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRL2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB ID 1EO6 Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB File Show
Enzyme 36 3D Structure
Enzyme 36 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 36 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank Gene ID AB030710 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GeneCard ID P60520 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GenAtlas ID GABARAPL2 Link Image
Enzyme 36 HGNC ID HGNC:13291 Link Image
Enzyme 36 Chromosome Location 16
Enzyme 36 Locus 16q22.3-q24.1
Enzyme 36 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 36 General References
  1. Okazaki N, Yan J, Yuasa S, Ueno T, Kominami E, Masuho Y, Koga H, Muramatsu M: Interaction of the Unc-51-like kinase and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 related proteins in the brain: possible role of vesicular transport in axonal elongation. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 Dec 28;85(1-2):1-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Xin Y, Yu L, Chen Z, Zheng L, Fu Q, Jiang J, Zhang P, Gong R, Zhao S: Cloning, expression patterns, and chromosome localization of three human and two mouse homologues of GABA(A) receptor-associated protein. Genomics. 2001 Jun 15;74(3):408-13. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 36 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 37 [top]
Enzyme 37 ID 17099
Enzyme 37 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein
Enzyme 37 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor-associated protein
  2. MM46
Enzyme 37 Gene Name GABARAP
Enzyme 37 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein
MKFVYKEEHPFEKRRSEGEKIRKKYPDRVPVIVEKAPKARIGDLDKKKYLVPSDLTVGQF
YFLIRKRIHLRAEDALFFFVNNVIPPTSATMGQLYQEHHEEDFFLYIAYSDESVYGL
Enzyme 37 Number of Residues 117
Enzyme 37 Molecular Weight 13918
Enzyme 37 Theoretical pI 9.21
Enzyme 37 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 37 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 37 Specific Function May play a role in intracellular transport of GABA(A) receptors and its interaction with the cytoskeleton
Enzyme 37 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 37 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 37 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 37 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 37 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 37 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O95166 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRAP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 37 PDB ID 1KM7 Link Image
Enzyme 37 PDB File Show
Enzyme 37 3D Structure
Enzyme 37 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 37 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank Gene ID AF161586 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GeneCard ID O95166 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GenAtlas ID GABARAP Link Image
Enzyme 37 HGNC ID HGNC:4067 Link Image
Enzyme 37 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 37 Locus 17p13.1
Enzyme 37 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 37 General References
  1. Wang H, Bedford FK, Brandon NJ, Moss SJ, Olsen RW: GABA(A)-receptor-associated protein links GABA(A) receptors and the cytoskeleton. Nature. 1999 Jan 7;397(6714):69-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Okazaki N, Yan J, Yuasa S, Ueno T, Kominami E, Masuho Y, Koga H, Muramatsu M: Interaction of the Unc-51-like kinase and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 related proteins in the brain: possible role of vesicular transport in axonal elongation. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 Dec 28;85(1-2):1-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Knight D, Harris R, McAlister MS, Phelan JP, Geddes S, Moss SJ, Driscoll PC, Keep NH: The X-ray crystal structure and putative ligand-derived peptide binding properties of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type A receptor-associated protein. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 15;277(7):5556-61. Epub 2001 Nov 29. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stangler T, Mayr LM, Willbold D: Solution structure of human GABA(A) receptor-associated protein GABARAP: implications for biolgoical funcrion and its regulation. J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 19;277(16):13363-6. Epub 2002 Mar 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kouno T, Miura K, Kanematsu T, Shirakawa M, Hirata M, Kawano K: 1H, 13C and '5N resonance assignments of GABARAP, GABAA receptor associated protein. J Biomol NMR. 2002 Jan;22(1):97-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 37 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 38 [top]
Enzyme 38 ID 17100
Enzyme 38 Name Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1
Enzyme 38 Synonyms
  1. GABA(A) receptor-associated protein-like 1
  2. Glandular epithelial cell protein 1
  3. GEC-1
  4. Early estrogen-regulated protein
Enzyme 38 Gene Name GABARAPL1
Enzyme 38 Protein Sequence >Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1
MKFQYKEDHPFEYRKKEGEKIRKKYPDRVPVIVEKAPKARVPDLDKRKYLVPSDLTVGQF
YFLIRKRIHLRPEDALFFFVNNTIPPTSATMGQLYEDNHEEDYFLYVAYSDESVYGK
Enzyme 38 Number of Residues 117
Enzyme 38 Molecular Weight 14044
Enzyme 38 Theoretical pI 9.13
Enzyme 38 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 38 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 38 Specific Function Increases cell-surface expression of kappa-type opioid receptor through facilitating anterograde intracellular trafficking of the receptor
Enzyme 38 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 38 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 38 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 38 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 38 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 38 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9H0R8 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GBRL1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 38 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 38 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 38 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank Gene ID AF287012 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GeneCard ID Q9H0R8 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GenAtlas ID GABARAPL1 Link Image
Enzyme 38 HGNC ID HGNC:4068 Link Image
Enzyme 38 Chromosome Location 12
Enzyme 38 Locus 12p13.2
Enzyme 38 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 38 General References
  1. Vernier-Magnin S, Muller S, Sallot M, Radom J, Musard JF, Adami P, Dulieu P, Remy-Martin JP, Jouvenot M, Fraichard A: A novel early estrogen-regulated gene gec1 encodes a protein related to GABARAP. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 1;284(1):118-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Xin Y, Yu L, Chen Z, Zheng L, Fu Q, Jiang J, Zhang P, Gong R, Zhao S: Cloning, expression patterns, and chromosome localization of three human and two mouse homologues of GABA(A) receptor-associated protein. Genomics. 2001 Jun 15;74(3):408-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Bocher M, Blocker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Dusterhoft A, Beyer A, Kohrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwalder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A: Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. Genome Res. 2001 Mar;11(3):422-35. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 38 Metabolite References Not Available