1. GUN
2. Guanine enol
3. Guanine
4. Guanin
5. GUA
6. Dew Pearl
7. CI Natural white 1
8. C.I. Natural White 1
9. 6-Hydroxy-2-aminopurine
10. 2-Aminohypoxanthine
11. 2-amino-Hypoxanthine
12. 2-Amino-6-purinol
13. 2-Amino-6-hydroxypurine
14. 2-Amino-6-hydroxy-1H-purine
15. 2-amino-3,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
16. 2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-purin-6-one
17. 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
18. 2-amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-Purin-6-one
19. Stella Polaris
20. Pearl Essence
21. Pathocidin
22. Naturon
23. Natural White 1
24. Natural pearl essence
25. Mearlmaid AA
26. Mearlmaid

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• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
• Extracellular

• Cellular Cytoplasm
• Urine

1. Boulias C, Moscarello MA: Guanine nucleotides stimulate hydrolysis of phosphatidyl inositol bis phosphate in human myelin membranes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Jul 14;162(1):282-7. [PubMed ]
2. Harkness RA: Hypoxanthine, xanthine and uridine in body fluids, indicators of ATP depletion. J Chromatogr. 1988 Jul 29;429:255-78. [PubMed ]
3. Castro-Gago M, Cid E, Trabazo S, Pavon P, Camina F, Rodriguez-Segade S, Einis Punal J, Rodriguez-Nunez A: Cerebrospinal fluid purine metabolites and pyrimidine bases after brief febrile convulsions. Epilepsia. 1995 May;36(5):471-4. [PubMed ]
4. Steyn LM, Harley EH: Intracellular activity of HPRT Cape Town: purine uptake and growth of cultured cells in selective media. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1985;8(4):198-203. [PubMed ]
5. Yafe A, Etzioni S, Weisman-Shomer P, Fry M: Formation and properties of hairpin and tetraplex structures of guanine-rich regulatory sequences of muscle-specific genes. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 May 20;33(9):2887-900. Print 2005. [PubMed ]
6. Ohdoi C, Nyhan WL, Kuhara T: Chemical diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 15;792(1):123-30. [PubMed ]
7. Russo TA, Jodush ST, Brown JJ, Johnson JR: Identification of two previously unrecognized genes (guaA and argC) important for uropathogenesis. Mol Microbiol. 1996 Oct;22(2):217-29. [PubMed ]
8. Liu Z, Li T, Wang E: Simultaneous determination of guanine, uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine in human plasma by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection. Analyst. 1995 Aug;120(8):2181-4. [PubMed ]
9. Parkinson SJ, Waldman SA: An intracellular adenine nucleotide binding site inhibits guanyly cyclase C by a guanine nucleotide-dependent mechanism. Biochemistry. 1996 Mar 12;35(10):3213-21. [PubMed ]
10. Rodriguez-Nunez A, Camina F, Lojo S, Rodriguez-Segade S, Castro-Gago M: Concentrations of nucleotides, nucleosides, purine bases and urate in cerebrospinal fluid of children with meningitis. Acta Paediatr. 1993 Oct;82(10):849-52. [PubMed ]
11. Groopman JD, Zhu JQ, Donahue PR, Pikul A, Zhang LS, Chen JS, Wogan GN: Molecular dosimetry of urinary aflatoxin-DNA adducts in people living in Guangxi Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. Cancer Res. 1992 Jan 1;52(1):45-52. [PubMed ]
12. Shioya M, Wakabayashi K, Yamashita K, Nagao M, Sugimura T: Formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA treated with fecapentaene-12 and -14. Mutat Res. 1989 Mar;225(3):91-4. [PubMed ]
13. Allgayer H, Kolb M, Stuber V, Kruis W: Effects of bile acids on base hydroxylation in a model of human colonic mucosal DNA. Cancer Detect Prev. 2002;26(1):85-9. [PubMed ]
14. Schei MA, Hessen JO, Lund E: House-dust mites and mattresses. Allergy. 2002 Jun;57(6):538-42. [PubMed ]
15. Weimann A, Belling D, Poulsen HE: Quantification of 8-oxo-guanine and guanine as the nucleobase, nucleoside and deoxynucleoside forms in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 15;30(2):E7. [PubMed ]
16. Wikipedia

1. Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
2. Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
3. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
4. Thymidine phosphorylase precursor
5. Guanine deaminase
6. Queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase
7. Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
8. Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
9. Guanine deaminase (Guanine deaminase, isoform CRA_b)
10. cDNA, FLJ95575, highly similar to Homo sapiens endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived) (ECGF1), mRNA
11. Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i), alpha-1 subunit

1. APRT

MADSELQLVEQRIRSFPDFPTPGVVFRDISPVLKDPASFRAAIGLLARHLKATHGGRIDY
IAGLDSRGFLFGPSLAQELGLGCVLIRKRGKLPGPTLWASYSLEYGKAELEIQKDALEPG
QRVVVVDDLLATGGTMNAACELLGRLQAEVLECVSLVELTSLKGREKLAPVPFFSLLQYE

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• AMP + diphosphate = adenine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

• Pribosyltran (PF00156 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGACTCCGAGCTGCAGCTGGTTGAGCAGCGGATCCGCAGCTTCCCCGACTTCCCC
ACCCCAGGCGTGGTATTCAGGGACATCTCGCCCGTCCTGAAGGACCCCGCCTCCTTCCGC
GCCGCCATCGGCCTCCTGGCGCGACACCTGAAGGCGACCCACGGGGGCCGCATCGACTAC
ATCGCAGGCCTAGACTCCCGAGGCTTCCTCTTTGGCCCCTCCCTGGCCCAGGAGCTTGGA
CTGGGCTGCGTGCTCATCCGAAAGCGGGGGAAGCTGCCAGGCCCCACTCTGTGGGCCTCC
TATTCCCTGGAGTACGGGAAGGCTGAGCTGGAGATTCAGAAAGACGCCCTGGAGCCAGGA
CAGAGGGTGGTCGTCGTGGATGATCTGCTGGCCACTGGTGGAACCATGAACGCTGCCTGT
GAGCTGCTGGGCCGCCTGCAGGCTGAGGTCCTGGAGTGCGTGAGCCTGGTGGAGCTGACC
TCGCTTAAGGGCAGGGAGAAGCTGGCACCTGTACCCTTCTTCTCTCTCCTGCAGTATGAG
TGA

1. Hidaka Y, Tarle SA, O'Toole TE, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Nucleotide sequence of the human APRT gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Nov 11;15(21):9086. [PubMed ]
2. Broderick TP, Schaff DA, Bertino AM, Dush MK, Tischfield JA, Stambrook PJ: Comparative anatomy of the human APRT gene and enzyme: nucleotide sequence divergence and conservation of a nonrandom CpG dinucleotide arrangement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(10):3349-53. [PubMed ]
3. Wilson JM, O'Toole TE, Argos P, Shewach DS, Daddona PE, Kelley WN: Human adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. Complete amino acid sequence of the erythrocyte enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1986 Oct 15;261(29):13677-83. [PubMed ]
4. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
5. Chen J, Sahota A, Laxdal T, Scrine M, Bowman S, Cui C, Stambrook PJ, Tischfield JA: Identification of a single missense mutation in the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) gene from five Icelandic patients and a British patient. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Dec;49(6):1306-11. [PubMed ]
6. Sahota A, Chen J, Boyadjiev SA, Gault MH, Tischfield JA: Missense mutation in the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase gene causing 2,8-dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 May;3(5):817-8. [PubMed ]
7. Hidaka Y, Palella TD, O'Toole TE, Tarle SA, Kelley WN: Human adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. Identification of allelic mutations at the nucleotide level as a cause of complete deficiency of the enzyme. J Clin Invest. 1987 Nov;80(5):1409-15. [PubMed ]
8. Hidaka Y, Tarle SA, Fujimori S, Kamatani N, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Human adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. Demonstration of a single mutant allele common to the Japanese. J Clin Invest. 1988 Mar;81(3):945-50. [PubMed ]
9. Kamatani N, Hakoda M, Otsuka S, Yoshikawa H, Kashiwazaki S: Only three mutations account for almost all defective alleles causing adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in Japanese patients. J Clin Invest. 1992 Jul;90(1):130-5. [PubMed ]
10. Deng L, Yang M, Frund S, Wessel T, De Abreu RA, Tischfield JA, Sahota A: 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis in a patient with considerable residual adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity in cell extracts but with mutations in both copies of APRT. Mol Genet Metab. 2001 Mar;72(3):260-4. [PubMed ]

1. HGPRT
2. HGPRTase

MATRSPGVVISDDEPGYDLDLFCIPNHYAEDLERVFIPHGLIMDRTERLARDVMKEMGGH
HIVALCVLKGGYKFFADLLDYIKALNRNSDRSIPMTVDFIRLKSYCNDQSTGDIKVIGGD
DLSTLTGKNVLIVEDIIDTGKTMQTLLSLVRQYNPKMVKVASLLVKRTPRSVGYKPDFVG
FEIPDKFVVGYALDYNEYFRDLNHVCVISETGKAKYKA

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• IMP + diphosphate = hypoxanthine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

• Pribosyltran (PF00156 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGACCCGCAGCCCTGGCGTCGTGATTAGTGATGATGAACCAGGTTATGACCTTGAT
TTATTTTGCATACCTAATCATTATGCTGAGGATTTGGAAAGGGTGTTTATTCCTCATGGA
CTAATTATGGACAGGACTGAACGTCTTGCTCGAGATGTGATGAAGGAGATGGGAGGCCAT
CACATTGTAGCCCTCTGTGTGCTCAAGGGGGGCTATAAATTCTTTGCTGACCTGCTGGAT
TACATCAAAGCACTGAATAGAAATAGTGATAGATCCATTCCTATGACTGTAGATTTTATC
AGACTGAAGAGCTATTGTAATGACCAGTCAACAGGGGACATAAAAGTAATTGGTGGAGAT
GATCTCTCAACTTTAACTGGAAAGAATGTCTTGATTGTGGAAGATATAATTGACACTGGC
AAAACAATGCAGACTTTGCTTTCCTTGGTCAGGCAGTATAATCCAAAGATGGTCAAGGTC
GCAAGCTTGCTGGTGAAAAGGACCCCACGAAGTGTTGGATATAAGCCAGACTTTGTTGGA
TTTGAAATTCCAGACAAGTTTGTTGTAGGATATGCCCTTGACTATAATGAATACTTCAGG
GATTTGAATCATGTTTGTGTCATTAGTGAAACTGGAAAAGCAAAATACAAAGCCTAA

1. Jolly DJ, Okayama H, Berg P, Esty AC, Filpula D, Bohlen P, Johnson GG, Shively JE, Hunkapillar T, Friedmann T: Isolation and characterization of a full-length expressible cDNA for human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jan;80(2):477-81. [PubMed ]
2. Edwards A, Voss H, Rice P, Civitello A, Stegemann J, Schwager C, Zimmermann J, Erfle H, Caskey CT, Ansorge W: Automated DNA sequencing of the human HPRT locus. Genomics. 1990 Apr;6(4):593-608. [PubMed ]
3. Wilson JM, Tarr GE, Mahoney WC, Kelley WN: Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. Complete amino acid sequence of the erythrocyte enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1982 Sep 25;257(18):10978-85. [PubMed ]
4. Patel PI, Framson PE, Caskey CT, Chinault AC: Fine structure of the human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Feb;6(2):393-403. [PubMed ]
5. Eads JC, Scapin G, Xu Y, Grubmeyer C, Sacchettini JC: The crystal structure of human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase with bound GMP. Cell. 1994 Jul 29;78(2):325-34. [PubMed ]
6. Shi W, Li CM, Tyler PC, Furneaux RH, Grubmeyer C, Schramm VL, Almo SC: The 2.0 A structure of human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in complex with a transition-state analog inhibitor. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Jun;6(6):588-93. [PubMed ]
7. Balendiran GK, Molina JA, Xu Y, Torres-Martinez J, Stevens R, Focia PJ, Eakin AE, Sacchettini JC, Craig SP 3rd: Ternary complex structure of human HGPRTase, PRPP, Mg2+, and the inhibitor HPP reveals the involvement of the flexible loop in substrate binding. Protein Sci. 1999 May;8(5):1023-31. [PubMed ]
8. Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Emmerson BT, Gordon RB: A review of the molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency. Hum Genet. 1992 Nov;90(3):195-207. [PubMed ]
9. Wilson JM, Kobayashi R, Fox IH, Kelley WN: Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1983 May 25;258(10):6458-60. [PubMed ]
10. Wilson JM, Kelley WN: Molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in a patient with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. J Clin Invest. 1983 May;71(5):1331-5. [PubMed ]
11. Wilson JM, Tarr GE, Kelley WN: Human hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase: an amino acid substitution in a mutant form of the enzyme isolated from a patient with gout. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Feb;80(3):870-3. [PubMed ]
12. Wilson JM, Kelley WN: Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. Structural alteration in a dysfunctional enzyme variant (HPRTMunich) isolated from a patient with gout. J Biol Chem. 1984 Jan 10;259(1):27-30. [PubMed ]
13. Cariello NF, Scott JK, Kat AG, Thilly WG, Keohavong P: Resolution of a missense mutant in human genomic DNA by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing using in vitro DNA amplification: HPRT Munich. Am J Hum Genet. 1988 May;42(5):726-34. [PubMed ]
14. Davidson BL, Pashmforoush M, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Genetic basis of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in a patient with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HPRTFlint). Gene. 1988 Mar 31;63(2):331-6. [PubMed ]
15. Davidson BL, Palella TD, Kelley WN: Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase: a single nucleotide substitution in cDNA clones isolated from a patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HPRTMidland). Gene. 1988 Aug 15;68(1):85-91. [PubMed ]
16. Fujimori S, Hidaka Y, Davidson BL, Palella TD, Kelley WN: Identification of a single nucleotide change in a mutant gene for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT Ann Arbor). Hum Genet. 1988 May;79(1):39-43. [PubMed ]
17. Davidson BL, Chin SJ, Wilson JM, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. Genetic evidence for identical mutations in two partially deficient subjects. J Clin Invest. 1988 Dec;82(6):2164-7. [PubMed ]
18. Keough DT, Gordon RB, de Jersey J, Emmerson BT: Biochemical basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in nine families. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1988;11(3):229-38. [PubMed ]
19. Igarashi T, Minami M, Nishida Y: Molecular analysis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase mutations in five unrelated Japanese patients. Acta Paediatr Jpn. 1989 Jun;31(3):303-13. [PubMed ]
20. Davidson BL, Pashmforoush M, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. The molecular defect in a patient with gout (HPRTAshville). J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 5;264(1):520-5. [PubMed ]
21. Fujimori S, Davidson BL, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Identification of a single nucleotide change in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (HPRTYale) responsible for Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. J Clin Invest. 1989 Jan;83(1):11-3. [PubMed ]
22. Davidson BL, Tarle SA, Palella TD, Kelley WN: Molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in ten subjects determined by direct sequencing of amplified transcripts. J Clin Invest. 1989 Jul;84(1):342-6. [PubMed ]
23. Gibbs RA, Nguyen PN, McBride LJ, Koepf SM, Caskey CT: Identification of mutations leading to the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome by automated direct DNA sequencing of in vitro amplified cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1919-23. [PubMed ]
24. Gibbs RA, Nguyen PN, Edwards A, Civitello AB, Caskey CT: Multiplex DNA deletion detection and exon sequencing of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene in Lesch-Nyhan families. Genomics. 1990 Jun;7(2):235-44. [PubMed ]
25. Skopek TR, Recio L, Simpson D, Dallaire L, Melancon SB, Ogier H, O'Neill JP, Falta MT, Nicklas JA, Albertini RJ: Molecular analyses of a Lesch-Nyhan syndrome mutation (hprtMontreal) by use of T-lymphocyte cultures. Hum Genet. 1990 Jun;85(1):111-6. [PubMed ]
26. Gordon RB, Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Beacham IR, Emmerson BT: Identification of a single nucleotide substitution in the coding sequence of in vitro amplified cDNA from a patient with partial HPRT deficiency (HPRTBRISBANE). J Inherit Metab Dis. 1990;13(5):692-700. [PubMed ]
27. Davidson BL, Tarle SA, Van Antwerp M, Gibbs DA, Watts RW, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Identification of 17 independent mutations responsible for human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 May;48(5):951-8. [PubMed ]
28. Tarle SA, Davidson BL, Wu VC, Zidar FJ, Seegmiller JE, Kelley WN, Palella TD: Determination of the mutations responsible for the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome in 17 subjects. Genomics. 1991 Jun;10(2):499-501. [PubMed ]
29. Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Beacham IR, Emmerson BT, Gordon RB: Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency: analysis of HPRT mutations by direct sequencing and allele-specific amplification. Hum Genet. 1991 Oct;87(6):688-92. [PubMed ]
30. Yamada Y, Goto H, Ogasawara N: Identification of two independent Japanese mutant HPRT genes using the PCR technique. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1991;309B:121-4. [PubMed ]
31. Lightfoot T, Joshi R, Nuki G, Snyder FF: The point mutation of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRTEdinburgh) and detection by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Hum Genet. 1992 Mar;88(6):695-6. [PubMed ]
32. Sege-Peterson K, Chambers J, Page T, Jones OW, Nyhan WL: Characterization of mutations in phenotypic variants of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. Hum Mol Genet. 1992 Sep;1(6):427-32. [PubMed ]
33. Burgemeister R, Rotzer E, Gutensohn W, Gehrke M, Schiel W: Identification of a new missense mutation in exon 2 of the human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (HPRTIsar): a further example of clinical heterogeneity in HPRT deficiencies. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(4):341-4. [PubMed ]
34. Fujimori S, Sakuma R, Yamaoka N, Hakoda M, Yamanaka H, Kamatani N: An asymptomatic germline missense base substitution in the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene that reduces the amount of enzyme in humans. Hum Genet. 1997 Jan;99(1):8-10. [PubMed ]
35. Liu G, Aral B, Zabot MT, Kamoun P, Ceballos-Picot I: The molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in French families; report of two novel mutations. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S88-90. [PubMed ]

1. Inosine phosphorylase
2. PNP

MENGYTYEDYKNTAEWLLSHTKHRPQVAIICGSGLGGLTDKLTQAQIFDYGEIPNFPRST
VPGHAGRLVFGFLNGRACVMMQGRFHMYEGYPLWKVTFPVRVFHLLGVDTLVVTNAAGGL
NPKFEVGDIMLIRDHINLPGFSGQNPLRGPNDERFGDRFPAMSDAYDRTMRQRALSTWKQ
MGEQRELQEGTYVMVAGPSFETVAECRVLQKLGADAVGMSTVPEVIVARHCGLRVFGFSL
ITNKVIMDYESLEKANHEEVLAAGKQAAQKLEQFVSILMASIPLPDKAS

• Nicotinate and Nicotinamide Metabolism (map00760 )
• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate

• Mtap_PNP (PF00896 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGAACGGATACACCTATGAAGATTATAAGAACACTGCAGAATGGCTTCTGTCTCAT
ACTAAGCACCGACCTCAAGTTGCAATAATCTGTGGTTCTGGATTAGGAGGTCTGACTGAT
AAATTAACTCAGGCCCAGATCTTTGACTACAGTGAAATCCCCAACTTTCCTCGAAGTACA
GTGCCAGGTCATGCTGGCCGACTGGTGTTTGGGTTCCTGAATGGCAGGGCCTGTGTGATG
ATGCAGGGCAGGTTCCACATGTATGAAGGGTACCCACTCTGGAAGGTGACATTCCCAGTG
AGGGTTTTCCACCTTCTGGGTGTGGACACCCTGGTAGTCACCAATGCAGCAGGAGGGCTG
AACCCCAAGTTTGAGGTTGGAGATATCATGCTGATCCGTGACCATATCAACCTACCTGGT
TTCAGTGGTCAGAACCCTCTCAGAGGGCCCAATGATGAAAGGTTTGGAGATCGTTTCCCT
GCCATGTCTGATGCCTACGACCGGACTATGAGGCAGAGGGCTCTCAGTACCTGGAAACAA
ATGGGGGAGCAACGTGAGCTACAGGAAGGCACCTATGTGATGGTGGCAGGCCCCAGCTTT
GAGACTGTGGCAGAATGTCGTGTGCTGCAGAAGCTGGGAGCAGACGCTGTTGGCATGAGT
ACAGTACCAGAAGTTATCGTTGCACGGCACTGTGGACTTCGAGTCTTTGGCTTCTCACTC
ATCACTAACAAGGTCATCATGGATTATGAAAGCCTGGAGAAGGCCAACCATGAAGAAGTC
TTAGCAGCTGGCAAACAAGCTGCACAGAAATTGGAACAGTTTGTCTCCATTCTTATGGCC
AGCATTCCACTCCCTGACAAAGCCAGTTGA

1. Williams SR, Goddard JM, Martin DW Jr: Human purine nucleoside phosphorylase cDNA sequence and genomic clone characterization. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 25;12(14):5779-87. [PubMed ]
2. Williams SR, Gekeler V, McIvor RS, Martin DW Jr: A human purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency caused by a single base change. J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 15;262(5):2332-8. [PubMed ]
3. Yu L, Kalla K, Guthrie E, Vidrine A, Klimecki WT: Genetic variation in genes associated with arsenic metabolism: glutathione S-transferase omega 1-1 and purine nucleoside phosphorylase polymorphisms in European and indigenous Americans. Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Aug;111(11):1421-7. [PubMed ]
4. Ealick SE, Rule SA, Carter DC, Greenhough TJ, Babu YS, Cook WJ, Habash J, Helliwell JR, Stoeckler JD, Parks RE Jr, et al.: Three-dimensional structure of human erythrocytic purine nucleoside phosphorylase at 3.2 A resolution. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jan 25;265(3):1812-20. [PubMed ]
5. Aust MR, Andrews LG, Barrett MJ, Norby-Slycord CJ, Markert ML: Molecular analysis of mutations in a patient with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):763-72. [PubMed ]
6. Pannicke U, Tuchschmid P, Friedrich W, Bartram CR, Schwarz K: Two novel missense and frameshift mutations in exons 5 and 6 of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patient. Hum Genet. 1996 Dec;98(6):706-9. [PubMed ]

1. TdRPase
2. TP
3. Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor
4. PD-ECGF
5. Gliostatin

MAALMTPGTGAPPAPGDFSGEGSQGLPDPSPEPKQLPELIRMKRDGGRLSEADIRGFVAA
VVNGSAQGAQIGAMLMAIRLRGMDLEETSVLTQALAQSGQQLEWPEAWRQQLVDKHSTGG
VGDKVSLVLAPALAACGCKVPMISGRGLGHTGGTLDKLESIPGFNVIQSPEQMQVLLDQA
GCCIVGQSEQLVPADGILYAARDVTATVDSLPLITASILSKKLVEGLSALVVDVKFGGAA
VFPNQEQARELAKTLVGVGASLGLRVAAALTAMDKPLGRCVGHALEVEEALLCMDGAGPP
DLRDLVTTLGGALLWLSGHAGTQAQGAARVAAALDDGSALGRFERMLAAQGVDPGLARAL
CSGSPAERRQLLPRAREQEELLAPADGTVELVRALPLALVLHELGAGRSRAGEPLRLGVG
AELLVDVGQRLRRGTPWLRVHRDGPALSGPQSRALQEALVLSDRAPFAAPSPFAELVLPP
QQ

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• thymidine + phosphate = thymine + 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate

• Glycos_trans_3N (PF02885 )
• Glycos_transf_3 (PF00591 )
• PYNP_C (PF07831 )

• None

• None

ATGGCAGCCTTGATGACCCCGGGAACCGGGGCCCCACCCGCGCCTGGTGACTTCTCCGGG
GAAGGGAGCCAGGGACTTCCCGACCCTTCGCCAGAGCCCAAGCAGCTCCCGGAGCTGATC
CGCATGAAGCGAGACGGAGGCCGCCTGAGCGAAGCGGACATCAGGGGCTTCGTGGCCGCT
GTGGTGAATGGGAGCGCGCAGGGCGCACAGATCGGGGCCATGCTGATGGCCATCCGACTT
CGGGGCATGGATCTGGAGGAGACCTCGGTGCTGACCCAGGCCCTGGCTCAGTCGGGACAG
CAGCTGGAGTGGCCAGAGGCCTGGCGCCAGCAGCTTGTGGACAAGCATTCCACAGGGGGT
GTGGGTGACAAGGTCAGCCTGGTCCTCGCACCTGCCCTGGCGGCATGTGGCTGCAAGGTG
CCAATGATCAGCGGACGTGGTCTGGGGCACACAGGAGGCACCTTGGATAAGCTGGAGTCT
ATTCCTGGATTCAATGTCATCCAGAGCCCAGAGCAGATGCAAGTGCTGCTGGACCAGGCG
GGCTGCTGTATCGTGGGTCAGAGTGAGCAGCTGGTTCCTGCGGACGGAATCCTATATGCA
GCCAGAGATGTGACAGCCACCGTGGACAGCCTGCCACTCATCACAGCCTCCATTCTCAGT
AAGAAACTCGTGGAGGGGCTGTCCGCTCTGGTGGTGGACGTTAAGTTCGGAGGGGCCGCC
GTCTTCCCCAACCAGGAGCAGGCCCGGGAGCTGGCAAAGACGCTGGTTGGCGTGGGAGCC
AGCCTAGGGCTTCGGGTCGCGGCAGCGCTGACCGCCATGGACAAGCCCCTGGGTCGCTGC
GTGGGCCACGCCCTGGAGGTGGAGGAGGCGCTGCTCTGCATGGACGGCGCAGGCCCGCCA
GACTTAAGGGACCTGGTCACCACGCTCGGGGGCGCCCTGCTCTGGCTCAGCGGACACGCG
GGGACTCAGGCTCAGGGCGCTGCCCGGGTGGCCGCGGCGCTGGACGACGGCTCGGCCCTT
GGCCGCTTCGAGCGGATGCTGGCGGCGCAGGGCGTGGATCCCGGTCTGGCCCGAGCCCTG
TGCTCGGGAAGTCCCGCAGAACGCCGGCAGCTGCTGCCTCGCGCCCGGGAGCAGGAGGAG
CTGCTGGCGCCCGCAGATGGCACCGTGGAGCTGGTCCGGGCGCTGCCGCTGGCGCTGGTG
CTGCACGAGCTCGGGGCCGGGCGCAGCCGCGCTGGGGAGCCGCTCCGCCTGGGGGTGGGC
GCAGAGCTGCTGGTCGACGTGGGTCAGAGGCTGCGCCGTGGGACCCCCTGGCTCCGCGTG
CACCGGGACGGCCCCGCGCTCAGCGGCCCGCAGAGCCGCGCCCTGCAGGAGGCGCTCGTA
CTCTCCGACCGCGCGCCATTCGCCGCCCCCTCGCCCTTCGCAGAGCTCGTTCTGCCGCCG
CAGCAATAA

1. Ishikawa F, Miyazono K, Hellman U, Drexler H, Wernstedt C, Hagiwara K, Usuki K, Takaku F, Risau W, Heldin CH: Identification of angiogenic activity and the cloning and expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. Nature. 1989 Apr 13;338(6216):557-62. [PubMed ]
2. Furukawa T, Yoshimura A, Sumizawa T, Haraguchi M, Akiyama S, Fukui K, Ishizawa M, Yamada Y: Angiogenic factor. Nature. 1992 Apr 23;356(6371):668. [PubMed ]
3. Asai K, Nakanishi K, Isobe I, Eksioglu YZ, Hirano A, Hama K, Miyamoto T, Kato T: Neurotrophic action of gliostatin on cortical neurons. Identity of gliostatin and platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):20311-6. [PubMed ]
4. Usuki K, Saras J, Waltenberger J, Miyazono K, Pierce G, Thomason A, Heldin CH: Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor has thymidine phosphorylase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 15;184(3):1311-6. [PubMed ]
5. Nishino I, Spinazzola A, Hirano M: Thymidine phosphorylase gene mutations in MNGIE, a human mitochondrial disorder. Science. 1999 Jan 29;283(5402):689-92. [PubMed ]
6. Gamez J, Ferreiro C, Accarino ML, Guarner L, Tadesse S, Marti RA, Andreu AL, Raguer N, Cervera C, Hirano M: Phenotypic variability in a Spanish family with MNGIE. Neurology. 2002 Aug 13;59(3):455-7. [PubMed ]

1. Guanase
2. Guanine aminase
3. Guanine aminohydrolase
4. GAH
5. p51-nedasin

MCAAQMPPLAHIFRGTFVHSTWTCPMEVLRDHLLGVSDSGKIVFLEEASQQEKLAKEWCF
KPCEIRELSHHEFFMPGLVDTHIHASQYSFAGSSIDLPLLEWLTKYTFPAEHRFQNIDFA
EEVYTRVVRRTLKNGTTTACYFATIHTDSSLLLADITDKFGQRAFVGKVCMDLNDTFPEY
KETTEESIKETERFVSEMLQKNYSRVKPIVTPRFSLSCSETLMGELGNIAKTRDLHIQSH
ISENRDEVEAVKNLYPSYKNYTSVYDKNNLLTNKTVMAHGCYLSAEELNVFHERGASIAH
CPNSNLSLSSGFLNVLEVLKHEVKIGLGTDVAGGYSYSMLDAIRRAVMVSNILLINKVNE
KSLTLKEVFRLATLGGSQALGLDGEIGNFEVGKEFDAILINPKASDSPIDLFYGDFFGDI
SEAVIQKFLYLGDDRNIEEVYVGGKQVVPFSSSV

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• guanine + H2O = xanthine + ammonia

• Amidohydro_1 (PF01979 )

• None

• None

ATGTGTGCCGCTCAGATGCCGCCCCTGGCGCACATCTTCCGAGGGACGTTCGTCCACTCC
ACCTGGACCTGCCCCATGGAGGTGCTGCGGGATCACCTCCTCGGCGTGAGCGACAGCGGC
AAAATAGTGTTTTTAGAAGAAGCATCTCAACAGGAAAAACTGGCCAAAGAATGGTGCTTC
AAGCCGTGTGAAATAAGAGAACTGAGCCACCATGAGTTCTTCATGCCTGGGCTGGTTGAT
ACACACATCCATGCCTCTCAGTATTCCTTTGCTGGAAGTAGCATAGACCTGCCACTCTTG
GAGTGGCTGACCAAGTACACATTTCCTGCAGAACACAGATTCCAGAACATCGACTTTGCA
GAAGAAGTATATACCAGAGTTGTCAGGAGAACACTAAAGAATGGAACAACCACAGCTTGT
TACTTTGCAACAATTCACACTGACTCATCTCTGCTCCTTGCCGACATTACAGATAAATTT
GGACAGCGGGCATTTGTGGGCAAAGTTTGCATGGATTTGAATGACACTTTTCCAGAATAC
AAGGAGACCACTGAGGAATCGATCAAGGAAACTGAGAGATTTGTGTCAGAAATGCTCCAA
AAGAACTATTCTAGAGTGAAGCCCATAGTGACACCACGTTTTTCCCTCTCCTGCTCTGAG
ACTTTGATGGGTGAACTGGGCAACATTGCTAAAACCCGTGATTTGCACATTCAGAGCCAT
ATAAGTGAAAATCGTGATGAAGTTGAAGCTGTGAAAAACTTATACCCCAGTTATAAAAAC
TACACATCTGTGTATGATAAAAACAATCTTTTGACAAATAAGACAGTGATGGCACACGGC
TGCTACCTCTCTGCAGAAGAACTGAACGTATTCCATGAACGAGGAGCATCCATCGCACAC
TGTCCCAATTCTAATTTATCGCTCAGCAGTGGATTTCTAAATGTGCTAGAAGTCCTGAAA
CATGAAGTCAAGATAGGGCTGGGTACAGACGTGGCTGGTGGCTATTCATATTCCATGCTT
GATGCAATCAGAAGAGCAGTGATGGTTTCCAATATCCTTTTAATTAATAAGGTAAATGAG
AAAAGCCTCACCCTCAAAGAAGTCTTCAGACTAGCTACTCTTGGAGGAAGCCAAGCCCTG
GGGCTGGATGGTGAGATTGGAAACTTTGAAGTGGGCAAGGAATTTGATGCCATCCTGATC
AACCCCAAAGCATCCGACTCTCCCATTGACCTGTTTTATGGGGACTTTTTTGGTGATATT
TCTGAGGCTGTTATCCAGAAGTTCCTCTATCTAGGAGATGATCGAAATATTGAAGAGGTT
TATGTGGGCGGAAAGCAGGTGGTTCCGTTTTCCAGCTCAGTGTAA

1. Yuan G, Bin JC, McKay DJ, Snyder FF: Cloning and characterization of human guanine deaminase. Purification and partial amino acid sequence of the mouse protein. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 19;274(12):8175-80. [PubMed ]
2. Kuwahara H, Araki N, Makino K, Masuko N, Honda S, Kaibuchi K, Fukunaga K, Miyamoto E, Ogawa M, Saya H: A novel NE-dlg/SAP102-associated protein, p51-nedasin, related to the amidohydrolase superfamily, interferes with the association between NE-dlg/SAP102 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 5;274(45):32204-14. [PubMed ]

1. tRNA-guanine transglycosylase
2. Guanine insertion enzyme

MRLVAECSRSRARAGELWLPHGTVATPVFMPVGTQATMKGITTEQLDALGCRICLGNTYH
LGLRPGPELIQKANGLHGFMNWPHNLLTDSGGFQMVSLVSLSEVTEEGVRFRSPYDGNET
LLSPEKSVQIQNALGSDIIMQLDDVVSSTVTGPRVEEAMYRSIRWLDRCIAAHQRPDKQN
LFAIIQGGLDADLRATCLEEMTKRDVPGFAIGGLSGGESKSQFWRMVALSTSRLPKDKPR
YLMGVGYATDLVVCVALGCDMFDCVFPTRTARFGSALVPTGNLQLRKKVFEKDFGPIDPE
CTCPTCQKHSRAFLHALLHSDNTAALHHLTVHNIAYQLQLMSAVRTSIVEKRFPDFVRDF
MGAMYGDPTLCPTWATDALASVGITLG

• tRNA guanine + queuine = tRNA queuine + guanine

• TGT (PF01702 )

• 1-25

ATGGCGGGAGCAGCTACCCAGGCTTCCCTGGAGTCGGCCCCACGGATCATGCGGCTGGTG
GCCGAATGCAGCCGCTCCAGGGCCCGGGCAGGCGAGCTGTGGCTGCCGCATGGGACAGTG
GCCACTCCTGTGTTCATGCCAGTGGGCACGCAGGCCACCATGAAGGGCATCACGACCGAA
CAGCTGGACGCTCTGGGTTGCCGCATCTGCCTGGGCAATACCTACCATCTGGGTCTAAGG
CCGGGACCCGAGCTGATCCAGAAAGCCAACGGTCTCCACGGCTTCATGAATTGGCCTCAT
AATCTGCTAACGGACAGCGGCGGTTTCCAGATGGTGTCGCTGGTGTCTCTGTCCGAGGTG
ACGGAGGAGGGCGTCCGCTTCCGCTCCCCCTACGACGGCAATGAGACCCTGCTGAGCCCG
GAGAAATCCGTGCAGATCCAGAATGCGCTGGGCTCGGACATCATCATGCAGCTGGACGAC
GTGGTTAGCAGTACTGTGACTGGGCCACGTGTGGAGGAGGCCATGTACAGGTCAATCCGC
TGGCTGGACCGGTGCATTGCAGCCCATCAGCGGCCGGACAAGCAGAACCTCTTCGCCATT
ATCCAGGGTGGGCTGGACGCAGATCTCCGGGCCACCTGCCTTGAAGAGATGACCAAGCGA
GACGTGCCTGGCTTCGCCATCGGGGGCCTGAGCGGGGGTGAGAGCAAGTCGCAGTTCTGG
CGGATGGTGGCGCTGAGCACCTCTCGGCTGCCGAAGGACAAGCCCCGATATCTGATGGGG
GTTGGCTATGCCACTGATCTGGTAGTCTGCGTGGCTCTTGGATGTGACATGTTCGACTGC
GTCTTCCCCACACGGACAGCGCGCTTTGGCTCTGCCCTGGTGCCCACTGGGAACCTGCAG
TTGAGGAAGAAGGTGTTTGAGAAGGACTTCGGCCCCATAGACCCGGAGTGCACCTGCCCC
ACGTGCCAAAAGCACAGCCGCGCCTTCCTGCACGCACTGCTGCACAGTGACAACACGGCC
GCGCTGCACCACCTCACGGTCCACAACATCGCCTACCAGCTGCAGCTCATGAGCGCCGTC
CGCACCAGCATCGTGGAGAAGCGCTTCCCGGACTTCGTGCGGGACTTCATGGGCGCCATG
TACGGGGATCCCACCCTCTGTCCCACCTGGGCCACTGACGCTCTGGCCTCTGTGGGAATC
ACACTTGGCTGA

1. Deshpande KL, Katze JR: Characterization of cDNA encoding the human tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (TGT) catalytic subunit. Gene. 2001 Mar 7;265(1-2):205-12. [PubMed ]

1. Adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein

MGCLGNSKTEDQRNEEKAQREANKKIEKQLQKDKQVYRATHRLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQM
RILHVNGFNGEGGEEDPQAARSNSDGEKATKVQDIKNNLKEAIETIVAAMSNLVPPVELA
NPENQFRVDYILSVMNVPDFDFPPEFYEHAKALWEDEGVRACYERSNEYQLIDCAQYFLD
KIDVIKQADYVPSDQDLLRCRVLTSGIFETKFQVDKVNFHMFDVGGQRDERRKWIQCFND
VTAIIFVVASSSYNMVIREDNQTNRLQEALNLFKSIWNNRWLRTISVILFLNKQDLLAEK
VLAGKSKIEDYFPEFARYTTPEDATPEPGEDPRVTRAKYFIRDEFLRISTASGDGRHYCY
PHFTCAVDTENIRRVFNDCRDIIQRMHLRQYELL

• G-alpha (PF00503 )

• None

• None

ATGGGCTGCCTCGGGAACAGTAAGACCGAGGACCAGCGCAACGAGGAGAAGGCGCAGCGT
GAGGCCAACAAAAAGATCGAGAAGCAGCTGCAGAAGGACAAGCAGGTCTACCGGGCCACG
CACCGCCTGCTGCTGCTGGGTGCTGGAGAATCTGGTAAAAGCACCATTGTGAAGCAGATG
AGGATCCTGCATGTTAATGGGTTTAATGGAGAGGGCGGCGAAGAGGACCCGCAGGCTGCA
AGGAGCAACAGCGATGGTGAGAAGGCAACCAAAGTGCAGGACATCAAAAACAACCTGAAA
GAGGCGATTGAAACCATTGTGGCCGCCATGAGCAACCTGGTGCCCCCCGTGGAGCTGGCC
AACCCCGAGAACCAGTTCAGAGTGGACTACATCCTGAGTGTGATGAACGTGCCTGACTTT
GACTTCCCTCCCGAATTCTATGAGCATGCCAAGGCTCTGTGGGAGGATGAAGGAGTGCGT
GCCTGCTACGAACGCTCCAACGAGTACCAGCTGATTGACTGTGCCCAGTACTTCCTGGAC
AAGATCGACGTGATCAAGCAGGCTGACTATGTGCCGAGCGATCAGGACCTGCTTCGCTGC
CGTGTCCTGACTTCTGGAATCTTTGAGACCAAGTTCCAGGTGGACAAAGTCAACTTCCAC
ATGTTTGACGTGGGTGGCCAGCGCGATGAACGCCGCAAGTGGATCCAGTGCTTCAACGAT
GTGACTGCCATCATCTTCGTGGTGGCCAGCAGCAGCTACAACATGGTCATCCGGGAGGAC
AACCAGACCAACCGCCTGCAGGAGGCTCTGAACCTCTTCAAGAGCATCTGGAACAACAGA
TGGCTGCGCACCATCTCTGTGATCCTGTTCCTCAACAAGCAAGATCTGCTCGCTGAGAAA
GTCCTTGCTGGGAAATCGAAGATTGAGGACTACTTTCCAGAATTTGCTCGCTACACTACT
CCTGAGGATGCTACTCCCGAGCCCGGAGAGGACCCACGCGTGACCCGGGCCAAGTACTTC
ATTCGAGATGAGTTTCTGAGGATCAGCACTGCCAGTGGAGATGGGCGTCACTACTGCTAC
CCTCATTTCACCTGCGCTGTGGACACTGAGAACATCCGCCGTGTGTTCAACGACTGCCGT
GACATCATTCAGCGCATGCACCTTCGTCAGTACGAGCTGCTCTAA

1. Mattera R, Codina J, Crozat A, Kidd V, Woo SL, Birnbaumer L: Identification by molecular cloning of two forms of the alpha-subunit of the human liver stimulatory (GS) regulatory component of adenylyl cyclase. FEBS Lett. 1986 Sep 29;206(1):36-42. [PubMed ]
2. Harris BA: Complete cDNA sequence of a human stimulatory GTP-binding protein alpha subunit. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Apr 25;16(8):3585. [PubMed ]
3. Kozasa T, Itoh H, Tsukamoto T, Kaziro Y: Isolation and characterization of the human Gs alpha gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(7):2081-5. [PubMed ]
4. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
5. Bray P, Carter A, Simons C, Guo V, Puckett C, Kamholz J, Spiegel A, Nirenberg M: Human cDNA clones for four species of G alpha s signal transduction protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):8893-7. [PubMed ]
6. Miric A, Vechio JD, Levine MA: Heterogeneous mutations in the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of the stimulatory G protein of adenylyl cyclase in Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Jun;76(6):1560-8. [PubMed ]
7. Schwindinger WF, Francomano CA, Levine MA: Identification of a mutation in the gene encoding the alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein of adenylyl cyclase in McCune-Albright syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 1;89(11):5152-6. [PubMed ]
8. Weinstein LS, Shenker A, Gejman PV, Merino MJ, Friedman E, Spiegel AM: Activating mutations of the stimulatory G protein in the McCune-Albright syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1991 Dec 12;325(24):1688-95. [PubMed ]
9. Landis CA, Masters SB, Spada A, Pace AM, Bourne HR, Vallar L: GTPase inhibiting mutations activate the alpha chain of Gs and stimulate adenylyl cyclase in human pituitary tumours. Nature. 1989 Aug 31;340(6236):692-6. [PubMed ]
10. Schwindinger WF, Miric A, Zimmerman D, Levine MA: A novel Gs alpha mutant in a patient with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy uncouples cell surface receptors from adenylyl cyclase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Oct 14;269(41):25387-91. [PubMed ]
11. Warner DR, Weng G, Yu S, Matalon R, Weinstein LS: A novel mutation in the switch 3 region of Gsalpha in a patient with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy impairs GDP binding and receptor activation. J Biol Chem. 1998 Sep 11;273(37):23976-83. [PubMed ]

1. Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-q

MACCLSEEAKEARRINDEIERQLRRDKRDARRELKLLLLGTGESGKSTFIKQMRIIHGSG
YSDEDKRGFTKLVYQNIFTAMQAMIRAMDTLKIPYKYEHNKAHAQLVREVDVEKVSAFEN
PYVDAIKSLWNDPGIQECYDRRREYQLSDSTKYYLNDLDRVADPAYLPTQQDVLRVRVPT
TGIIEYPFDLQSVIFRMVDVGGQRSERRKWIHCFENVTSIMFLVALSEYDQVLVESDNEN
RMEESKALFRTIITYPWFQNSSVILFLNKKDLLEEKIMYSHLVDYFPEYDGPQRDAQAAR
EFILKMFVDLNPDSDKIIYSHFTCATDTENIRFVFAAVKDTILQLNLKEYNLV

• G-alpha (PF00503 )

• None

• None

ATGACTCTGGAGTCCATCATGGCGTGCTGCCTGAGCGAGGAGGCCAAGGAAGCCCGGCGG
ATCAACGACGAGATCGAGCGGCACGTCCGCAGGGACAAGCGGGACGCCCGCCGGGAGCTC
AAGCTGCTGCTGCTCGGGACAGGAGAGAGTGGCAAGAGTACGTTTATCAAGCAGATGAGA
ATCATCCATGGGTCAGGATACTCTGATGAAGATAAAAGGGGCTTCACCAAGCTGGTGTAT
CAGAACATCTTCACGGCCATGCAGGCCATGATCAGAGCCATGGACACACTCAAGATCCCA
TACAAGTATGAGCACAATAAGGCTCATGCACAATTAGTTCGAGAAGTTGATGTGGAGAAG
GTGTCTGCTTTTGAGAATCCATATGTAGATGCAATAAAGAGTTTATGGAATGATCCTGGA
ATCCAGGAATGCTATGATAGACGACGAGAATATCAATTATCTGACTCTACCAAATACTAT
CTTAATGACTTGGACCGCGTAGCTGACCCTGCCTACCTGCCTACGCAACAAGATGTGCTT
AGAGTTCGAGTCCCCACCACAGGGATCATCGAATACCCCTTTGACTTACAAAGTGTCATT
TTCAGAATGGTCGATGTAGGGGGCCAAAGGTCAGAGAGAAGAAAATGGATACACTGCTTT
GAAAATGTCACCTCTATCATGTTTCTAGTAGCGCTTAGTGAATATGATCAAGTTCTCGTG
GAGTCAGACAATGAGAACCGAATGGAGGAAAGCAAGGCTCTCTTTAGAACAATTATCACA
TACCCCTGGTTCCAGAACTCCTCGGTTATTCTGTTCTTAAACAAGAAAGATCTTCTAGAG
GAGAAAATCATGTATTCCCATCTAGTCGACTACTTCCCAGAATATGATGGACCCCAGAGA
GATGCCCAGGCAGCCCGAGAATTCATTCTGAAGATGTTCGTGGACCTGAACCCAGACAGT
GACAAAATTATCTACTCCCACTTCACGTGCGCCACAGACACCGAGAATATCCGCTTTGTC
TTTGCTGCCGTCAAGGACACCATCCTCCAGTTGAACCTGAAGGAGTACAATCTGGTCTAA

1. Dong Q, Shenker A, Way J, Haddad BR, Lin K, Hughes MR, McBride OW, Spiegel AM, Battey J: Molecular cloning of human G alpha q cDNA and chromosomal localization of the G alpha q gene (GNAQ) and a processed pseudogene. Genomics. 1995 Dec 10;30(3):470-75. [PubMed ]
2. Chen B, Leverette RD, Schwinn DA, Kwatra MM: Human G(alpha q): cDNA and tissue distribution. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Jun 11;1281(2):125-8. [PubMed ]
3. Johnson GJ, Leis LA, Dunlop PC: Specificity of G alpha q and G alpha 11 gene expression in platelets and erythrocytes. Expressions of cellular differentiation and species differences. Biochem J. 1996 Sep 15;318 ( Pt 3):1023-31. [PubMed ]
4. Gabbeta J, Dhanasekaran N, Rao AK: G alpha q cDNA sequence from human platelets. Thromb Res. 1998 Jul 1;91(1):29-32. [PubMed ]
5. Lesch KP, Manji HK: Signal-transducing G proteins and antidepressant drugs: evidence for modulation of alpha subunit gene expression in rat brain. Biol Psychiatry. 1992 Oct 1;32(7):549-79. [PubMed ]
6. Thomas CP, Dunn MJ, Mattera R: Ca2+ signalling in K562 human erythroleukaemia cells: effect of dimethyl sulphoxide and role of G-proteins in thrombin- and thromboxane A2-activated pathways. Biochem J. 1995 Nov 15;312 ( Pt 1):151-8. [PubMed ]
7. Rochdi MD, Watier V, La Madeleine C, Nakata H, Kozasa T, Parent JL: Regulation of GTP-binding protein alpha q (Galpha q) signaling by the ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein-50 (EBP50). J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 25;277(43):40751-9. Epub 2002 Aug 21. [PubMed ]

MCAAQMPPLAHIFRGTFVHSTWTCPMEVLRDHLLGVSDSGKIVFLEEASQQEKLAKEWCF
KPCEIRELSHHEFFMPGLVDTHIHASQYSFAGSSIDLPLLEWLTKYTFPAEHRFQNIDFA
EEVYTRVVRRTLKNGTTTACYFATIHTDSSLLLADITDKFGQRAFVGKVCMDLNDTFPEY
KETTEESIKETERFVSEMLQKNYSRVKPIVTPRFSLSCSETLMGELGNIAKTRDLHIQSH
ISENRDEVEAVKNLYPSYKNYTSVYDKNNLLTNKTVMAHGCYLSAEELNVFHERGASIAH
CPNSNLSLSSGFLNVLEVLKHEVKIGLGTDVAGGYSYSMLDAIRRAVMVSNILLINKVNE
KSLTLKEVFRLATLGGSQALGLDGEIGNFEVGKEFDAILINPKASDSPIDLFYGDFFGDI
SEAVIQKFLYLGDDRNIEEVYVGGKQVVPFSSSV

• Amidohydro_1 (PF01979 )

• None

• None

ATGTGTGCCGCTCAGATGCCGCCCCTGGCGCACATCTTCCGAGGGACGTTCGTCCACTCC
ACCTGGACCTGCCCCATGGAGGTGCTGCGGGATCACCTCCTCGGCGTGAGCGACAGCGGC
AAAATAGTGTTTTTAGAAGAAGCATCTCAACAGGAAAAACTGGCCAAAGAATGGTGCTTC
AAGCCGTGTGAAATAAGAGAACTGAGCCACCATGAGTTCTTCATGCCTGGGCTGGTTGAT
ACACACATCCATGCCTCTCAGTATTCCTTTGCTGGAAGTAGCATAGACCTGCCACTCTTG
GAGTGGCTGACCAAGTACACATTTCCTGCAGAACACAGATTCCAGAACATCGACTTTGCA
GAAGAAGTATATACCAGAGTTGTCAGGAGAACACTAAAGAATGGAACAACCACAGCTTGT
TACTTTGCAACAATTCACACTGACTCATCTCTGCTCCTTGCCGACATTACAGATAAATTT
GGACAGCGGGCATTTGTGGGCAAAGTTTGCATGGATTTGAATGACACTTTTCCAGAATAC
AAGGAGACCACTGAGGAATCGATCAAGGAAACTGAGAGATTTGTGTCAGAAATGCTCCAA
AAGAACTATTCTAGAGTGAAGCCCATAGTGACACCACGTTTTTCCCTCTCCTGCTCTGAG
ACTTTGATGGGTGAACTGGGCAACATTGCTAAAACCCGTGATTTGCACATTCAGAGCCAT
ATAAGTGAAAATCGTGATGAAGTTGAAGCTGTGAAAAACTTATACCCCAGTTATAAAAAC
TACACATCTGTGTATGATAAAAACAATCTTTTGACAAATAAGACAGTGATGGCACACGGC
TGCTACCTCTCTGCAGAAGAACTGAACGTATTCCATGAACGAGGAGCATCCATCGCACAC
TGTCCCAATTCTAATTTATCGCTCAGCAGTGGATTTCTAAATGTGCTAGAAGTCCTGAAA
CATGAAGTCAAGATAGGGCTGGGTACAGACGTGGCTGGTGGCTATTCATATTCCATGCTT
GATGCAATCAGAAGAGCAGTGATGGTTTCCAATATCCTTTTAATTAATAAGGTAAATGAG
AAAAGCCTCACCCTCAAAGAAGTCTTCAGACTAGCTACTCTTGGAGGAAGCCAAGCCCTG
GGGCTGGATGGTGAGATTGGAAACTTTGAAGTGGGCAAGGAATTTGATGCCATCCTGATC
AACCCCAAAGCATCCGACTCTCCCATTGACCTGTTTTATGGGGACTTTTTTGGTGATATT
TCTGAG

MAALMTPGTGAPPAPGDFSGEGSQGLPDPSPEPKQLPELIRMKRDGGRLSEADIRGFVAA
VVNGSAQGAQIGAMLMAIRLRGMDLEETSVLTQALAQSGQQLEWPEAWRQQLVDKHSTGG
VGDKVSLVLAPALAACGCKVPVISGRGLGHTGGTLDKLESIPGFNVIQSPEQMQVLLDQA
GCCIVGQSEQLVPADGILYAARDVTATVDSLPLITASILSKKLVEGLSALVVDVKFGGAA
VFPNQEQARELAKTLVGVGASLGLRVAAALTAMDKPLGRCVGHALEVEEALLCMDGAGPP
DLRDLVTTLGGALLWLSGHAGTQAQGAARVAAALDDGSALGRFERMLAAQGVDPGLARAL
CSGSPAERRQLLPRAREQEELLAPADGTVELVRALPLALVLHELGAGRSRAGEPLRLGVG
AELLVDVGQRLRRGTPWLRVHRDGPALSGPQSRALQEALVLSDRAPFAAPSPFAELVLPP
QQ

• Glycos_trans_3N (PF02885 )
• Glycos_transf_3 (PF00591 )
• PYNP_C (PF07831 )

• None

• None

1. Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein

MGCTLSAEDKAAVERSKMIDRNLREDGEKAAREVKLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMKIIHEAG
YSEEECKQYKAVVYSNTIQSIIAIIRAMGRLKIDFGDSARADDARQLFVLAGAAEEGFMT
AELAGVIKRLWKDSGVQACFNRSREYQLNDSAAYYLNDLDRIAQPNYIPTQQDVLRTRVK
TTGIVETHFTFKDLHFKMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEGVTAIIFCVALSDYDLVLAEDEEM
NRMHESMKLFDSICNNKWFTDTSIILFLNKKDLFEEKIKKSPLTICYPEYAGSNTYEEAA
AYIQCQFEDLNKRKDTKEIYTHFTCATDTKNVQFVFDAVTDVIIKNNLKDCGLF

• G-alpha (PF00503 )

• None

• None

1. Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Bocher M, Blocker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Dusterhoft A, Beyer A, Kohrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwalder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A: Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. Genome Res. 2001 Mar;11(3):422-35. [PubMed ]
2. Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y: Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs. J Biol Chem. 1988 May 15;263(14):6656-64. [PubMed ]
3. Bray P, Carter A, Guo V, Puckett C, Kamholz J, Spiegel A, Nirenberg M: Human cDNA clones for an alpha subunit of Gi signal-transduction protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(15):5115-9. [PubMed ]
4. Kimple RJ, Kimple ME, Betts L, Sondek J, Siderovski DP: Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits. Nature. 2002 Apr 25;416(6883):878-81. [PubMed ]