Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2012-04-03 14:10:30 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-07-07 20:54:00 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0013678 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | p-Hydroxyhippuric acid |
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Description | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid, also known as 4-hydroxybenzoylglycine or 4-hydroxyhippate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hippuric acids. Hippuric acids are compounds containing hippuric acid, which consists of a of a benzoyl group linked to the N-terminal of a glycine. 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid. |
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Structure | OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 InChI=1S/C9H9NO4/c11-7-3-1-6(2-4-7)9(14)10-5-8(12)13/h1-4,11H,5H2,(H,10,14)(H,12,13) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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4-Hydroxybenzoylglycine | ChEBI | 4-Hydroxyhippate | Generator | 4-Hydroxyhippic acid | Generator | 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)carbonylamino]acetic acid | HMDB | 2-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)formamido]acetic acid | HMDB | 4-Hydroxyhippurate | HMDB | 4-OH-Hippuric acid | HMDB | p-Hydroxy-hippuric acid | HMDB | [(4-Hydroxybenzoyl)amino]acetic acid | HMDB | p-Hydroxyhippuric acid | HMDB | p-Hydroxyhippate | HMDB | p-Hydroxyhippic acid | HMDB | 4'-Hydroxyhippurate | HMDB | 4'-Hydroxyhippuric acid | HMDB | 4’-hydroxyhippurate | HMDB | 4’-hydroxyhippuric acid | HMDB | N-(p-Hydroxybenzoyl)glycine | HMDB | p-Hydroxyhippurate | HMDB | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid | ChEBI | 2-[(4-Hydroxybenzoyl)amino]acetic acid | HMDB | 4'-Hydroxhippuric acid | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C9H9NO4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 195.1721 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 195.053157781 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)formamido]acetic acid |
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Traditional Name | [(4-hydroxyphenyl)formamido]acetic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 2482-25-9 |
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SMILES | OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C9H9NO4/c11-7-3-1-6(2-4-7)9(14)10-5-8(12)13/h1-4,11H,5H2,(H,10,14)(H,12,13) |
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InChI Key | ZMHLUFWWWPBTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hippuric acids. Hippuric acids are compounds containing hippuric acid, which consists of a of a benzoyl group linked to the N-terminal of a glycine. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
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Sub Class | Benzoic acids and derivatives |
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Direct Parent | Hippuric acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Hippuric acid
- N-acyl-alpha-amino acid
- N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives
- Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
- Benzoyl
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Phenol
- Carboxamide group
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboxylic acid
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 | 2145.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)NCC(=O)O)C=C1 | 2149.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,1TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)N(CC(=O)O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 | 2108.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 | 2258.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,2TMS,isomer #2 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 2153.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,2TMS,isomer #3 | C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)N(CC(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 | 2140.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 2147.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 2106.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,3TMS,isomer #1 | C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C | 2233.8 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 | 2390.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)NCC(=O)O)C=C1 | 2427.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,1TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(CC(=O)O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 | 2385.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 | 2778.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2653.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,2TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)N(CC(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 | 2687.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2885.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2739.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Hydroxyhippuric acid,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CN(C(=O)C1=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2595.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00di-1900000000-07bd47210e1c18d19c78 | 2017-07-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00dl-8982000000-016ad8c26c264db9ef97 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 35V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0f6x-9400000000-3d4dbdacafaebba147cf | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-0900000000-a916e7c30b53b399298a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-006t-0900000000-d252a86f47419d419bc0 | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-1900000000-a680ce571986b15d0d71 | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00dl-9600000000-39500903a2246ed4d7d8 | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-f6ed56b2505b426ab18b | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-2900000000-0c2b762b727ebf3108f0 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00dl-9200000000-cfd75bbf2139a9e184ed | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9600000000-677e373389c304ac33e8 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9100000000-4edfd065383ed838da2f | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-983418779545bcb1f73e | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-4900000000-9c98bf04ba07933f98aa | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-3900000000-d3d1bc473b13420cae0c | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - p-Hydroxyhippuric acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01bc-9200000000-4b8b59c1ab3079b9b3d0 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-16 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 1.691 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 1.742 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 1.793 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 4.0989 nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected and Quantified | 0.369 (0.0461-1.0350) nmol/g wet feces | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0-14 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0-30 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 4.2-19.59 umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 7.42(4.69-18.33) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Female | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 7.48(4.17-19.96) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 2.8 (1.4-6.0) umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Not Available | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 27.488 +/- 10.23 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 4.55 (3.40-7.47) umol/mmol creatinine | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 93.846 +/- 33.846 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Uremia | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Bladder cancer | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 35.234 +/- 16.83 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Eosinophilic esophagitis | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 35.795 +/- 21.952 umol/mmol creatinine | Children (1 - 13 years old) | Not Specified | Gastroesophageal reflux disease | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Hypertension (mild) | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Hypertension (mild) | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Uremia |
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- Vanholder R, De Smet R, Glorieux G, Argiles A, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Clark W, Cohen G, De Deyn PP, Deppisch R, Descamps-Latscha B, Henle T, Jorres A, Lemke HD, Massy ZA, Passlick-Deetjen J, Rodriguez M, Stegmayr B, Stenvinkel P, Tetta C, Wanner C, Zidek W: Review on uremic toxins: classification, concentration, and interindividual variability. Kidney Int. 2003 May;63(5):1934-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00924.x. [PubMed:12675874 ]
| Colorectal cancer |
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- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
| Eosinophilic esophagitis |
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- Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
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Associated OMIM IDs | - 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
- 610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB029984 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00052156 |
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Chemspider ID | 133104 |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 151012 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 71018 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | MDB00029845 |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Jacobs DM, Spiesser L, Garnier M, de Roo N, van Dorsten F, Hollebrands B, van Velzen E, Draijer R, van Duynhoven J: SPE-NMR metabolite sub-profiling of urine. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2012 Nov;404(8):2349-61. doi: 10.1007/s00216-012-6339-2. Epub 2012 Aug 31. [PubMed:22932811 ]
- van Duynhoven J, Vaughan EE, Jacobs DM, Kemperman RA, van Velzen EJ, Gross G, Roger LC, Possemiers S, Smilde AK, Dore J, Westerhuis JA, Van de Wiele T: Metabolic fate of polyphenols in the human superorganism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 15;108 Suppl 1:4531-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1000098107. Epub 2010 Jun 25. [PubMed:20615997 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
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