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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:49 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014983
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14983
Metabolite Identification
Common NameClofazimine
DescriptionA fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619)
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(4-Chloro-phenyl)-[5-(4-chloro-phenyl)-3-isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazin-2-yl]-amineChEBI
3-(p-Chloranilino)-10-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,10-dihydro-2-(isopropylimino)-phenazineChEBI
3-(p-Chloranilino)-10-(p-chlorphenyl)-2,10-dihydro-2-(isopropylimino)-phenazinChEBI
ClofaziminaChEBI
ClofaziminumChEBI
N,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(isopropylimino)-3,5-dihydrophenazin-2-amineChEBI
ChlofazimineHMDB
LampreneHMDB
N,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-3-((1-methylethyl)imino)-2-phenazinamineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC27H22Cl2N4
Average Molecular Weight473.396
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight472.122152138
IUPAC NameN,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[(propan-2-yl)imino]-3,5-dihydrophenazin-2-amine
Traditional Nameclofazimina
CAS Registry Number2030-63-9
SMILES
CC(C)N=C1C=C2N(C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3)C3=C(C=CC=C3)N=C2C=C1NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C27H22Cl2N4/c1-17(2)30-24-16-27-25(15-23(24)31-20-11-7-18(28)8-12-20)32-22-5-3-4-6-26(22)33(27)21-13-9-19(29)10-14-21/h3-17,31H,1-2H3
InChI KeyWDQPAMHFFCXSNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenazines and derivatives. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a phenazine moiety, which is a linear tricyclic system that consists of a two benzene rings joined by a pyrazine ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassDiazanaphthalenes
Sub ClassBenzodiazines
Direct ParentPhenazines and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenazine
  • Aniline or substituted anilines
  • Chlorobenzene
  • Halobenzene
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Pyrazine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Secondary ketimine
  • Azacycle
  • Secondary amine
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point210 - 212 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.0015 g/LNot Available
LogP7Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00845 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00845 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00845
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID21159573
KEGG Compound IDC06915
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkClofazimine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound2794
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID3749
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes
Gene Name:
ABCB11
Uniprot ID:
O95342
Molecular weight:
146405.8
References
  1. Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Fluorescent substrates of sister-P-glycoprotein (BSEP) evaluated as markers of active transport and inhibition: evidence for contingent unequal binding sites. Pharm Res. 2003 Apr;20(4):537-44. [PubMed:12739759 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Active transport of fluorescent P-glycoprotein substrates: evaluation as markers and interaction with inhibitors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Nov 30;289(2):580-5. [PubMed:11716514 ]