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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:39:00 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000153
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00153
Metabolite Identification
Common NameEstriol
DescriptionEstriol is a metabolite of estrone metabolized via 16alpha-hydroxyestrone through the enzyme 16alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.147) or to 2- or 4-hydroxyestrone (catechol estrogens) by the action of catecho-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6). The latter metabolites can be formed in the brain and may compete with receptors for catecholamines. Metabolites are conjugated with sulfate or glucuronide before excretion by the kidney. During pregnancy, estriol constitutes 60-70% of the total estrogens, increasing to 300-500-fold in relation to non-pregnant women. The late term human fetus produces relatively large amounts of 16 alphahydroxy DHEA, which serves the mother as a precursor of estriol. It has been shown that 90% of the precursors for the formation of estriol are of fetal origin. If abnormal maternal serum screening results, specifically low levels of unconjugated estriol in the second trimester are detected, a diagnosis of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS),or RSH is suspected. SLOS is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the gene encoding 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.21, DHCR7). (PMID: 16202579 , 16112271 , 16097001 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC18H24O3
Average Molecular Weight288.3814
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight288.172544634
IUPAC Name(1S,10R,11S,13R,14R,15S)-15-methyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadeca-2(7),3,5-triene-5,13,14-triol
Traditional Name(1S,10R,11S,13R,14R,15S)-15-methyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadeca-2(7),3,5-triene-5,13,14-triol
CAS Registry Number50-27-1
SMILES
[H][C@@]12C[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@]1([H])C3=C(CC[C@@]21[H])C=C(O)C=C3
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C18H24O3/c1-18-7-6-13-12-5-3-11(19)8-10(12)2-4-14(13)15(18)9-16(20)17(18)21/h3,5,8,13-17,19-21H,2,4,6-7,9H2,1H3/t13-,14-,15+,16-,17+,18+/m1/s1
InChI KeyPROQIPRRNZUXQM-ZXXIGWHRSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassEstrane steroids
Direct ParentEstrogens and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Estrogen-skeleton
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • 17-hydroxysteroid
  • 16-hydroxysteroid
  • 16-alpha-hydroxysteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • Phenanthrene
  • Tetralin
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Benzenoid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • 1,2-diol
  • Polyol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point282 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogP2.45HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Biospecimen Locations
  • Amniotic Fluid
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adrenal Cortex
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Placenta
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
Amniotic FluidDetected and Quantified0.0023 +/- 0.0007 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.006 +/- 0.002 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.000100 -0.00700 uMAdult (>18 years old)Female
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.001 +/- 0.00055 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
Amniotic FluidDetected and Quantified0.004 +/- 0.002 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Ambulant pregnancy
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.205 +/- 0.04 uMAdult (>18 years old)Female
Diabetes
details
BloodDetected and Quantified<0.00000002 uMChildren (1-13 years old)Female
Aromatase deficiency
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Pregnancy
  1. Andreolini F, Borra C, Caccamo F, Di Corcia A, Nicoletti I, Samperi R, Improta F: Estriol and its conjugates in late pregnancy determined by extraction with Carbopack B and liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. Clin Chem. 1985 Oct;31(10):1698-702. [PubMed:2994907 ]
Diabetes mellitus type 2
  1. Giussi GA, Ballejo G, Benedetti WL: Estriol serum levels, neonatal vitality and stromal villous edema in diabetic pregnancies. Acta Diabetol Lat. 1979 Apr-Jun;16(2):105-10. [PubMed:484160 ]
Aromatase deficiency
  1. Mullis PE, Yoshimura N, Kuhlmann B, Lippuner K, Jaeger P, Harada H: Aromatase deficiency in a female who is compound heterozygote for two new point mutations in the P450arom gene: impact of estrogens on hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, multicystic ovaries, and bone densitometry in childhood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Jun;82(6):1739-45. doi: 10.1210/jcem.82.6.3994. [PubMed:9177373 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB04573
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB006781
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID5553
KEGG Compound IDC05141
BioCyc IDESTRIOL
BiGG ID45207
Wikipedia LinkEstriol
METLIN ID2581
PubChem Compound5756
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID27974
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDESTRIOL
MarkerDB IDMDB00000074
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceLeeds, Norma S.; Fukushima, David K.; Gallagher, T. F. Studies of steroid ring D epoxides of enol acetates; a new synthesis of estriol and of androstane-3b,16a,17b-triol. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1954), 76 2943-8.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 31 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Capable of catalyzing the interconversion of testosterone and androstenedione, as well as estradiol and estrone. Also has 20-alpha-HSD activity. Uses NADH while EDH17B3 uses NADPH.
Gene Name:
HSD17B2
Uniprot ID:
P37059
Molecular weight:
42784.75
Reactions
Estriol + NAD → 16b-Hydroxyestrone + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Estriol + NADP → 16b-Hydroxyestrone + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme has glucuronidating capacity with steroid substrates such as 5-beta-androstane 3-alpha,17-beta-diol, estradiol, ADT, eugenol and bile acids. Only isoform 1 seems to be active.
Gene Name:
UGT2B28
Uniprot ID:
Q9BY64
Molecular weight:
38742.9
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails
General function:
Involved in sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
Specific function:
Nuclear hormone receptor. Binds estrogens with an affinity similar to that of ESR1, and activates expression of reporter genes containing estrogen response elements (ERE) in an estrogen-dependent manner. Isoform beta-cx lacks ligand binding ability and has no or only very low ere binding activity resulting in the loss of ligand-dependent transactivation ability. DNA- binding by ESR1 and ESR2 is rapidly lost at 37 degrees Celsius in the absence of ligand while in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen loss in DNA-binding at elevated temperature is more gradual
Gene Name:
ESR2
Uniprot ID:
Q92731
Molecular weight:
59215.8
References
  1. Mishra RG, Stanczyk FZ, Burry KA, Oparil S, Katzenellenbogen BS, Nealen ML, Katzenellenbogen JA, Hermsmeyer RK: Metabolite ligands of estrogen receptor-beta reduce primate coronary hyperreactivity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Jan;290(1):H295-303. Epub 2005 Sep 30. [PubMed:16199482 ]
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
NAD-dependent 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase with highest activity towards estradiol. Has very low activity towards testosterone. The heteroteramer with CBR4 has NADH-dependent 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase activity. May play a role in biosynthesis of fatty acids in mitochondria.
Gene Name:
HSD17B8
Uniprot ID:
Q92506
Molecular weight:
26973.56
Reactions
Estriol + NAD → 16b-Hydroxyestrone + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
Estriol + NADP → 16b-Hydroxyestrone + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme is active on polyhydroxylated estrogens (such as estriol, 4-hydroxyestrone and 2-hydroxyestriol) and xenobiotics (such as 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, 4-nitrophenol, 2-aminophenol, 4-hydroxybiphenyl and menthol). It is capable of 6 alpha-hydroxyglucuronidation of hyodeoxycholic acid.
Gene Name:
UGT2B4
Uniprot ID:
P06133
Molecular weight:
60512.035
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate.
Gene Name:
UGT1A4
Uniprot ID:
P22310
Molecular weight:
60024.535
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.
Gene Name:
UGT2B10
Uniprot ID:
P36537
Molecular weight:
60773.485
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Its unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol suggests it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent and active estrogen metabolites. Is also active with androsterone, hyodeoxycholic acid and tetrachlorocatechol (in vitro).
Gene Name:
UGT2B7
Uniprot ID:
P16662
Molecular weight:
60720.15
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme displays activity toward several classes of xenobiotic substrates, including simple phenolic compounds, 7-hydroxylated coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and certain drugs and their hydroxylated metabolites. It also catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogens and androgens.
Gene Name:
UGT2B15
Uniprot ID:
P54855
Molecular weight:
61035.815
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases catalyze phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase water solubility and enhance excretion. They are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Active on odorants and seems to be involved in olfaction; it could help clear lipophilic odorant molecules from the sensory epithelium.
Gene Name:
UGT2A1
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y4X1
Molecular weight:
60771.605
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + Estriol → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Estriol-16-Glucuronidedetails

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Kim WY, Benet LZ: P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1)-mediated efflux of sex-steroid hormones and modulation of P-gp expression in vitro. Pharm Res. 2004 Jul;21(7):1284-93. [PubMed:15290871 ]
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids
Gene Name:
SLCO1A2
Uniprot ID:
P46721
Molecular weight:
74144.1
References
  1. Kanai N, Lu R, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Vore M, Schuster VL: Estradiol 17 beta-D-glucuronide is a high-affinity substrate for oatp organic anion transporter. Am J Physiol. 1996 Feb;270(2 Pt 2):F326-31. [PubMed:8779894 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 31 proteins in total.