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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:57 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015357
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15357
Metabolite Identification
Common NameMivacurium
DescriptionMivacurium, also known as BW B1090U or mivacron, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzylisoquinolines. These are organic compounds containing an isoquinoline to which a benzyl group is attached. Both mivacurium and doxacurium are descendants of early vigorous attempts to synthesize potent non-depolarizing agents with pharmacophores derived from cross-combinations of the non-depolarizing agent, laudexium, and the well-known depolarizing agent, succinylcholine (suxamethonium chloride). Mivacurium did not exhibit the ultra-short duration of action seen with BW785U; whereas, BW A444U produced an intermediate duration of action. Like other non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, the pharmacological action of mivacurium is antagonism to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Mivacurium is a drug which is used for inpatients and outpatients, as an adjunct to general anesthesia, to facilitate tracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. Mivacurium belongs to a class of compounds that is commonly and most erroneously referred to as "benzylisoquinolines" when, in fact, it is a bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolinium agent, often abbreviated to bbTHIQ.The orientation of the two O atoms in the bridge is to the THIQ side of the carbonyl CO group, whereas in Atracurium the O atom is on the bridge side. Mivacurium is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). It has approximately 10% of the activity of each of the other two structures. However, unlike other non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, it is metabolized by plasma cholinesterase. Mivacurium is available worldwide although, in the United States, it became unavailable in spring 2006 to loss of a supplier who provided a chemical intermediary. Per the manufacturer it will become available again later in 2016 in the U.S.Mivacurium represents the second generation of tetrahydroisoquinolinium neuromuscular blocking drugs in a long lineage of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor anatagonists synthesized by Mary M. Jackson and James C. Wisowaty, PhD (both chemists within the Chemical Development Laboratories at Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle Park, NC) in collaboration with John J. Savarese MD (who at the time was an anesthesiologist in the Dept. of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA).
Structure
Data?1582753288
Synonyms
ValueSource
BW b1090UHMDB
BW-b-1090UHMDB
Mivacurium chlorideHMDB
MivacronHMDB
BW-b1090UHMDB
BW-b 1090UHMDB
BWB 1090UHMDB
BW b 1090UHMDB
Chemical FormulaC58H80N2O14
Average Molecular Weight1029.2608
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight1028.560955278
IUPAC Name(1R)-2-(3-{[(4E)-8-{3-[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-ium-2-yl]propoxy}-8-oxooct-4-enoyl]oxy}propyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-ium
Traditional Namemivacurium
CAS Registry Number106791-40-6
SMILES
COC1=CC(C[C@@H]2C3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3CC[N+]2(C)CCCOC(=O)CC\C=C\CCC(=O)OCCC[N+]2(C)CCC3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C=C3[C@H]2CC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C2)=CC(OC)=C1OC
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C58H80N2O14/c1-59(25-21-41-35-47(63-3)49(65-5)37-43(41)45(59)29-39-31-51(67-7)57(71-11)52(32-39)68-8)23-17-27-73-55(61)19-15-13-14-16-20-56(62)74-28-18-24-60(2)26-22-42-36-48(64-4)50(66-6)38-44(42)46(60)30-40-33-53(69-9)58(72-12)54(34-40)70-10/h13-14,31-38,45-46H,15-30H2,1-12H3/q+2/b14-13+/t45-,46-,59?,60?/m1/s1
InChI KeyILVYCEVXHALBSC-OTBYEXOQSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzylisoquinolines. These are organic compounds containing an isoquinoline to which a benzyl group is attached.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassIsoquinolines and derivatives
Sub ClassBenzylisoquinolines
Direct ParentBenzylisoquinolines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzylisoquinoline
  • Tetrahydroisoquinoline
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Anisole
  • Phenol ether
  • Methoxybenzene
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Fatty acid ester
  • Aralkylamine
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Fatty acyl
  • Benzenoid
  • Tetraalkylammonium salt
  • Quaternary ammonium salt
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Azacycle
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic salt
  • Organic cation
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility3.3e-05 g/LNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility3.3e-05 g/LALOGPS
logP3.8ALOGPS
logP-0.76ChemAxon
logS-7.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)18.59ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.1ChemAxon
Physiological Charge2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count12ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area144.9 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count30ChemAxon
Refractivity308.74 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability116.68 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings6ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+311.18830932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-309.32630932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-343.35830932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+317.37830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+314.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+315.732859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+314.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+313.832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-259.832859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-261.432859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-263.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Not Available
Spectra

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01226 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01226 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB01226
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4444509
KEGG Compound IDC07550
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkMivacurium chloride
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5281042
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID756783
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in carboxylesterase activity
Specific function:
Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
Gene Name:
BCHE
Uniprot ID:
P06276
Molecular weight:
68417.575
References
  1. Kao YJ, Le ND: The reversal of profound mivacurium-induced neuromuscular blockade. Can J Anaesth. 1996 Nov;43(11):1128-33. [PubMed:8922768 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover
Gene Name:
CHRM3
Uniprot ID:
P20309
Molecular weight:
66127.4
References
  1. Habre W, Adamicza A, Lele E, Novak T, Sly PD, Petak F: The involvement of histaminic and muscarinic receptors in the bronchoconstriction induced by myorelaxant administration in sensitized rabbits. Anesth Analg. 2008 Dec;107(6):1899-906. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318186587c. [PubMed:19020136 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition
Gene Name:
CHRM2
Uniprot ID:
P08172
Molecular weight:
51714.6
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
General function:
Involved in extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific function:
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane
Gene Name:
CHRNA2
Uniprot ID:
Q15822
Molecular weight:
59764.8
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
  3. Ihmsen H, Schmidt J, Schwilden H, Schmitt HJ, Muenster T: Influence of disease progression on the neuromuscular blocking effect of mivacurium in children and adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Anesthesiology. 2009 May;110(5):1016-9. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819daf31. [PubMed:19352159 ]
  4. Jonsson Fagerlund M, Dabrowski M, Eriksson LI: Pharmacological characteristics of the inhibition of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents at human adult muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Anesthesiology. 2009 Jun;110(6):1244-52. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819fade3. [PubMed:19417616 ]
  5. Jonsson M, Gurley D, Dabrowski M, Larsson O, Johnson EC, Eriksson LI: Distinct pharmacologic properties of neuromuscular blocking agents on human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: a possible explanation for the train-of-four fade. Anesthesiology. 2006 Sep;105(3):521-33. [PubMed:16931985 ]
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]