1. (+)-Aspartate
2. (+)-Aspartic acid
3. (2S)-Aspartate
4. (2S)-Aspartic acid
5. (L)-Aspartate
6. (L)-Aspartic acid
7. (R)-2-aminosuccinate
8. (S)-(+)-Aspartate
9. (S)-(+)-Aspartic acid
10. (S)-2-aminosuccinate
11. (S)-2-aminosuccinic acid
12. (S)-Aminobutanedioate
13. (S)-Aminobutanedioic acid
14. (S)-Aspartate
15. (S)-Aspartic acid
16. (S)-amino-Butanedioate
17. (S)-amino-Butanedioic acid
18. 2-Amino-3-methylsuccinate
19. 2-Amino-3-methylsuccinic acid
20. 2-Aminosuccinate
21. 2-Aminosuccinic acid
22. Aminosuccinate
23. Asp
24. Asparagate
25. Asparagic acid
26. Asparaginate
27. Asparaginic acid
28. Asparatate
29. Aspartate
30. H-Asp-OH
31. L-(+)-Aspartate
32. L-(+)-Aspartic acid
33. L-Aminosuccinate
34. L-Aminosuccinic acid
35. L-Asparagate
36. L-Asparagic acid
37. L-Asparaginate
38. L-Asparaginic acid
39. L-Aspartate
40. alpha-Aminosuccinate
41. alpha-Aminosuccinic acid

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• Cytoplasm
• Extracellular
• mitochondria

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Saliva
• Urine

• 104300 (Alzheimer's disease)
• 139250 (Growth hormone deficiency)
• 181500 (Schizophrenia)

1. Fujii N: D-amino acid in elderly tissues. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Sep;28(9):1585-9. [PubMed ]
2. Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6. [PubMed ]
3. Grdzelishvili VZ, Smallwood S, Tower D, Hall RL, Hunt DM, Moyer SA: A single amino acid change in the L-polymerase protein of vesicular stomatitis virus completely abolishes viral mRNA cap methylation. J Virol. 2005 Jun;79(12):7327-37. [PubMed ]
4. Rainesalo S, Keranen T, Palmio J, Peltola J, Oja SS, Saransaari P: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acids in epileptic patients. Neurochem Res. 2004 Jan;29(1):319-24. [PubMed ]
5. Lockridge O: Genetic variants of human serum cholinesterase influence metabolism of the muscle relaxant succinylcholine. Pharmacol Ther. 1990;47(1):35-60. [PubMed ]
6. Franklin RB, Zou J, Yu Z, Costello LC: EAAC1 is expressed in rat and human prostate epithelial cells; functions as a high-affinity L-aspartate transporter; and is regulated by prolactin and testosterone. BMC Biochem. 2006 Mar 27;7:10. [PubMed ]
7. Advani SJ, Hagglund R, Weichselbaum RR, Roizman B: Posttranslational processing of infected cell proteins 0 and 4 of herpes simplex virus 1 is sequential and reflects the subcellular compartment in which the proteins localize. J Virol. 2001 Sep;75(17):7904-12. [PubMed ]
8. Wang M, Meng Z, Fu J: Synthesis and biodistribution of six novel 99mTc complexes of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde-amino acid Schiff bases. Appl Radiat Isot. 2006 Feb;64(2):235-40. [PubMed ]
9. Fisher G, Lopez S, Peterson K, Goff T, Philip I, Gaviria R, Lorenzo N, Tsesarskaia M: Is there a correlation between age and D: -aspartic acid in human knee cartilage? Amino Acids. 2006 Jun 1;. [PubMed ]
10. Baslow MH: Brain N-acetylaspartate as a molecular water pump and its role in the etiology of Canavan disease: a mechanistic explanation. J Mol Neurosci. 2003;21(3):185-90. [PubMed ]
11. Shao B, Belaaouaj A, Verlinde CL, Fu X, Heinecke JW: Methionine sulfoxide and proteolytic cleavage contribute to the inactivation of cathepsin G by hypochlorous acid: an oxidative mechanism for regulation of serine proteinases by myeloperoxidase. J Biol Chem. 2005 Aug 12;280(32):29311-21. Epub 2005 Jun 20. [PubMed ]
12. Silwood CJ, Lynch E, Claxson AW, Grootveld MC: 1H and (13)C NMR spectroscopic analysis of human saliva. J Dent Res. 2002 Jun;81(6):422-7. [PubMed ]
13. Rose CH, Thigpen BD, Bofill JA, Cushman J, May WL, Martin JN Jr: Obstetric implications of antepartum corticosteroid therapy for HELLP syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Nov;104(5 Pt 1):1011-4. [PubMed ]
14. Chiara F, Goumans MJ, Forsberg H, Ahgren A, Rasola A, Aspenstrom P, Wernstedt C, Hellberg C, Heldin CH, Heuchel R: A gain of function mutation in the activation loop of platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor deregulates its kinase activity. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 8;279(41):42516-27. Epub 2004 Jul 28. [PubMed ]
15. Bhende PM, Seaman WT, Delecluse HJ, Kenney SC: BZLF1 activation of the methylated form of the BRLF1 immediate-early promoter is regulated by BZLF1 residue 186. J Virol. 2005 Jun;79(12):7338-48. [PubMed ]
16. Nicholson JK, O'Flynn MP, Sadler PJ, Macleod AF, Juul SM, Sonksen PH: Proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies of serum, plasma and urine from fasting normal and diabetic subjects. Biochem J. 1984 Jan 15;217(2):365-75. [PubMed ]
17. Engelborghs S, Marescau B, De Deyn PP: Amino acids and biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res. 2003 Aug;28(8):1145-50. [PubMed ]
18. Burman P, Hetta J, Wide L, Mansson JE, Ekman R, Karlsson FA: Growth hormone treatment affects brain neurotransmitters and thyroxine [see comment] Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1996 Mar;44(3):319-24. [PubMed ]
19. Butterworth RF: Pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy: a new look at ammonia. Metab Brain Dis. 2002 Dec;17(4):221-7. [PubMed ]
20. Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7. [PubMed ]
21. Wikipedia

1. Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic
2. Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial precursor
3. Aspartoacylase
4. Aspartoacylase-2
5. Asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]
6. Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic
7. Argininosuccinate synthase
8. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial precursor
9. Glutamate decarboxylase 2
10. Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2
11. Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 1
12. Multifunctional protein ADE2 [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole- succinocarboxamide synthase
13. Aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase
14. Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein Aralar2
15. Hypothetical protein GAD1
16. Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein Aralar1
17. CAD protein [Includes: Glutamine-dependent carbamoyl-phosphate synthase
18. L-asparaginase
19. cDNA FLJ77907, highly similar to Homo sapiens aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, mRNA
20. Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial
21. cDNA FLJ34575 fis, clone KIDNE2008362, highly similar to Homo sapiens asparaginase like 1 (ASRGL1), mRNA
22. cDNA, FLJ93078, Homo sapiens glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble(aspartate aminotransferase 1) (GOT1), mRNA (Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble (Aspartate aminotransferase 1), isoform CRA_b)
23. Adenylosuccinate synthetase

1. Transaminase A
2. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1

MAPPSVFAEVPQAQPVLVFKLTADFREDPDPRKVNLGVGAYRTDDCHPWVLPVVKKVEQK
IANDNSLNHEYLPILGLAEFRSCASRLALGDDSPALKEKRVGGVQSLGGTGALRIGADFL
ARWYNGTNNKNTPVYVSSPTWENHNAVFSAAGFKDIRSYRYWDAEKRGLDLQGFLNDLEN
APEFSIVVLHACAHNPTGIDPTPEQWKQIASVMKHRFLFPFFDSAYQGFASGNLERDAWA
IRYFVSEGFEFFCAQSFSKNFGLYNERVGNLTVVGKEPESILQVLSQMEKIVRITWSNPP
AQGARIVASTLSNPELFEEWTGNVKTMADRILTMRSELRARLEALKTPGTWNHITDQIGM
FSFTGLNPKQVEYLVNEKHIYLLPSGRINVSGLTTKNLDYVATSIHEAVTKIQ

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Cysteine Metabolism (map00272 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism (map00400 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )
• Novobiocin biosynthesis (map00401 )

• L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate

• Aminotran_1_2 (PF00155 )

• None

• None

ATGGCACCTCCGTCAGTCTTTGCCGAGGTTCCGCAGGCCCAGCCTGTCCTGGTCTTCAAG
CTCACTGCCGACTTCAGGGAGGATCCGGACCCCCGCAAGGTCAACCTGGGAGTGGGAGCA
TATCGCACGGATGACTGCCATCCCTGGGTTTTGCCAGTAGTGAAGAAAGTGGAGCAGAAG
ATTGCTAATGACAATAGCCTAAATCACGAGTATCTGCCAATCCTGGGCCTGGCTGAGTTC
CGGAGCTGTGCTTCTCGTCTTGCCCTTGGGGATGACAGCCCAGCACTCAAGGAGAAGCGG
GTAGGAGGTGTGCAATCTTTGGGGGGAACAGGTGCACTTCGAATTGGAGCTGATTTCTTA
GCGCGTTGGTACAATGGAACAAACAACAAGAACACACCTGTCTATGTGTCCTCACCAACC
TGGGAGAATCACAATGCTGTGTTTTCCGCTGCTGGTTTTAAAGACATTCGGTCCTATCGC
TACTGGGATGCAGAGAAGAGAGGATTGGACCTCCAGGGCTTCCTGAATGATCTGGAGAAT
GCTCCTGAGTTCTCCATTGTTGTCCTCCACGCCTGTGCACACAACCCAACTGGGATTGAC
CCAACTCCGGAGCAGTGGAAGCAGATTGCTTCTGTCATGAAGCACCGGTTTCTGTTCCCC
TTCTTTGACTCAGCCTATCAGGGCTTCGCATCTGGAAACCTGGAGAGAGATGCCTGGGCC
ATTCGCTATTTTGTGTCTGAAGGCTTCGAGTTCTTCTGTGCCCAGTCCTTCTCCAAGAAC
TTCGGGCTCTACAATGAGAGAGTCGGGAATCTGACTGTGGTTGGAAAAGAACCTGAGAGC
ATCCTGCAAGTCCTTTCCCAGATGGAGAAGATCGTGCGGATTACTTGGTCCAATCCCCCC
GCCCAGGGAGCACGAATTGTGGCCAGCACCCTCTCTAACCCTGAGCTCTTTGAGGAATGG
ACAGGTAATGTGAAGACAATGGCTGACCGGATTCTGACCATGAGATCTGAACTCAGGGCA
CGACTAGAAGCCCTCAAAACCCCTGGGACCTGGAACCACATCACTGATCAAATTGGCATG
TTCAGCTTCACTGGGTTGAACCCCAAGCAGGTTGAGTATCTGGTCAATGAAAAGCACATC
TACCTGCTGCCAAGTGGTCGAATCAACGTGAGTGGCTTAACCACCAAAAATCTAGATTAC
GTGGCCACCTCCATCCATGAAGCAGTCACCAAAATCCAGTGA

1. Bousquet-Lemercier B, Pol S, Pave-Preux M, Hanoune J, Barouki R: Properties of human liver cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase mRNAs generated by alternative polyadenylation site selection. Biochemistry. 1990 Jun 5;29(22):5293-9. [PubMed ]
2. Doyle JM, Schinina ME, Bossa F, Doonan S: The amino acid sequence of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase from human liver. Biochem J. 1990 Sep 15;270(3):651-7. [PubMed ]

1. Transaminase A
2. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 2

MALLHSGRVLPGIAAAFHPGLAAAASARASSWWTHVEMGPPDPILGVTEAFKRDTNSKKM
NLGVGAYRDDNGKPYVLPSVRKAEAQIAAKNLDKEYLPIGGLAEFCKASAELALGENSEV
LKSGRFVTVQTISGTGALRIGASFLQRFFKFSRDVFLPKPTWGNHTPIFRDAGMQLQGYR
YYDPKTCGFDFTGAVEDISKIPEQSVLLLHACAHNPTGVDPRPEQWKEIATVVKKRNLFA
FFDMAYQGFASGDGDKDAWAVRHFIEQGINVCLCQSYAKNMGLYGERVGAFTMVCKDADE
AKRVESQLKILIRPMYSNPPLNGARIAAAILNTPDLRKQWLQEVKGMADRIIGMRTQLVS
NLKKEGSTHNWQHITDQIGMFCFTGLKPEQVERLIKEFSIYMTKDGRISVAGVTSSNVGY
LAHAIHQVTK

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Cysteine Metabolism (map00272 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism (map00400 )
• Tyrosine Metabolism (map00350 )
• Novobiocin biosynthesis (map00401 )

• L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate

• Aminotran_1_2 (PF00155 )

• 1-24

ATGGCCCTGCTGCACTCCGGCCGCGTCCTCCCCGGGATCGCCGCCGCCTTCCACCCGGGC
CTCGCCGCCGCGGCCTCTGCCAGAGCCAGCTCCTGGTGGACCCATGTGGAAATGGGACCT
CCAGATCCCATTCTGGGAGTCACTGAAGCCTTTAAGAGGGACACCAATAGCAAAAAGATG
AATCTGGGAGTTGGTGCCTACCGGGATGATAATGGAAAGCCTTACGTTCTGCCTAGCGTC
CGCAAGGCAGAGGCCCAGATTGCCGCAAAAAATTTGGACAAGGAATACCTGCCCATTGGG
GGACTGGCTGAATTTTGCAAGGCATCTGCAGAACTAGCCCTGGGTGAGAACAGCGAAGTC
TTGAAGAGTGGCCGGTTTGTCACTGTGCAGACCATTTCTGGAACTGGAGCCTTAAGGATC
GGAGCCAGTTTTCTGCAAAGATTTTTTAAGTTCAGCCGAGATGTCTTTCTGCCCAAACCA
ACCTGGGGAAACCACACACCCATCTTCAGGGATGCTGGCATGCAGCTACAAGGTTATCGG
TATTATGACCCCAAGACTTGCGGTTTTGACTTCACAGGCGCTGTGGAGGATATTTCAAAA
ATACCAGAGCAGAGTGTTCTTCTTCTGCATGCCTGCGCCCACAATCCCACGGGAGTGGAC
CCGCGTCCGGAACAGTGGAAGGAAATAGCAACAGTGGTGAAGAAAAGGAATCTCTTTGCG
TTCTTTGACATGGCCTACCAAGGCTTTGCCAGTGGTGATGGTGATAAGGATGCCTGGGCT
GTGCGCCACTTCATCGAACAGGGCATTAATGTTTGCCTCTGCCAATCATATGCCAAGAAC
ATGGGCTTATATGGTGAGCGTGTAGGAGCCTTCACTATGGTCTGCAAAGATGCGGATGAA
GCCAAAAGGGTAGAGTCACAGTTGAAGATCTTGATCCGTCCCATGTATTCCAACCCTCCC
CTCAATGGGGCCCGGATTGCTGCTGCCATTCTGAACACCCCAGATTTGCGAAAACAATGG
CTGCAAGAAGTGAAAGGCATGGCTGACCGCATCATTGGCATGCGGACTCAACTGGTCTCC
AACCTCAAGAAGGAGGGTTCCACCCACAATTGGCAACACATCACCGACCAAATTGGCATG
TTCTGTTTCACAGGGCTAAAGCCTGAACAGGTGGAGCGGCTGATCAAGGAGTTCTCCATC
TACATGACAAAAGATGGCCGCATCTCTGTGGCAGGGGTCACCTCCAGCAACGTGGGCTAC
CTTGCCCATGCCATTCACCAGGTCACCAAGTAA

1. Pol S, Bousquet-Lemercier B, Pave-Preux M, Pawlak A, Nalpas B, Berthelot P, Hanoune J, Barouki R: Nucleotide sequence and tissue distribution of the human mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Dec 30;157(3):1309-15. [PubMed ]
2. Martini F, Angelaccio S, Barra D, Pascarella S, Maras B, Doonan S, Bossa F: The primary structure of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from human heart. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Nov 8;832(1):46-51. [PubMed ]

1. Aminoacylase-2
2. ACY-2

MTSCHIAEEHIQKVAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVKHWLENGAEIQRTGLEVKPFITNPRAVKK
CTRYIDCDLNRIFDLENLGKKMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKDSEDSYDIIFDLHNTTS
NMGCTLILEDSRNNFLIQMFHYIKTSLAPLPCYVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVG
PQPQGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIHHFNEGKEFPPCAIEVYKIIEKVDYPRDENGEIA
AIIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPMFLTLDGKTIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTK
LTLNAKSIRCCLH

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate

• AstE_AspA (PF04952 )

• None

• None

ATGACTTCTTGTCACATTGCTGAAGAACATATACAAAAGGTTGCTATCTTTGGAGGAACC
CATGGGAATGAGCTAACCGGAGTATTTCTGGTTAAGCATTGGCTAGAGAATGGCGCTGAG
ATTCAGAGAACAGGGCTGGAGGTAAAACCATTTATTACTAACCCCAGAGCAGTGAAGAAG
TGTACCAGATATATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGCATTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTGGCAAA
AAAATGTCAGAAGATTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTT
GGTCCAAAAGACAGTGAAGATTCCTATGACATTATTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACCTCT
AACATGGGGTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATAACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTT
CATTACATTAAGACTTCTCTGGCTCCACTACCCTGCTACGTTTATCTGATTGAGCATCCT
TCCCTCAAATATGCGACCACTCGTTCCATAGCCAAGTATCCTGTGGGTATAGAAGTTGGT
CCTCAGCCTCAAGGGGTTCTGAGAGCTGATATCTTGGATCAAATGAGAAAAATGATTAAA
CATGCTCTTGATTTTATACATCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGCGCCATT
GAGGTCTATAAAATTATAGAGAAAGTTGATTACCCCCGGGATGAAAATGGAGAAATTGCT
GCTATCATCCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCACTGCATCCTGGGGATCCC
ATGTTTTTAACTCTTGATGGGAAGACGATCCCACTGGGCGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCC
GTGTTTGTGAATGAGGCCGCATATTACGAAAAGAAAGAAGCTTTTGCAAAGACAACTAAA
CTAACGCTCAATGCAAAAAGTATTCGCTGCTGTTTACATTAG

1. Kaul R, Gao GP, Balamurugan K, Matalon R: Cloning of the human aspartoacylase cDNA and a common missense mutation in Canavan disease. Nat Genet. 1993 Oct;5(2):118-23. [PubMed ]
2. Moore RA, Le Coq J, Faehnle CR, Viola RE: Purification and preliminary characterization of brain aspartoacylase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 May 1;413(1):1-8. [PubMed ]
3. Kaul R, Gao GP, Aloya M, Balamurugan K, Petrosky A, Michals K, Matalon R: Canavan disease: mutations among Jewish and non-jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jul;55(1):34-41. [PubMed ]
4. Shaag A, Anikster Y, Christensen E, Glustein JZ, Fois A, Michelakakis H, Nigro F, Pronicka E, Ribes A, Zabot MT, et al.: The molecular basis of canavan (aspartoacylase deficiency) disease in European non-Jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Sep;57(3):572-80. [PubMed ]
5. Kaul R, Gao GP, Michals K, Whelan DT, Levin S, Matalon R: Novel (cys152 > arg) missense mutation in an Arab patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):269-71. [PubMed ]
6. Kobayashi K, Tsujino S, Ezoe T, Hamaguchi H, Nihei K, Sakuragawa N: Missense mutation (I143T) in a Japanese patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S308-9. [PubMed ]
7. Rady PL, Vargas T, Tyring SK, Matalon R, Langenbeck U: Novel missense mutation (Y231C) in a turkish patient with canavan disease. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Nov 26;87(3):273-5. [PubMed ]
8. Sistermans EA, de Coo RF, van Beerendonk HM, Poll-The BT, Kleijer WJ, van Oost BA: Mutation detection in the aspartoacylase gene in 17 patients with Canavan disease: four new mutations in the non-Jewish population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;8(7):557-60. [PubMed ]
9. Zeng BJ, Wang ZH, Ribeiro LA, Leone P, De Gasperi R, Kim SJ, Raghavan S, Ong E, Pastores GM, Kolodny EH: Identification and characterization of novel mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Nov;25(7):557-70. [PubMed ]
10. Olsen TR, Tranebjaerg L, Kvittingen EA, Hagenfeldt L, Moller C, Nilssen O: Two novel aspartoacylase gene (ASPA) missense mutations specific to Norwegian and Swedish patients with Canavan disease. J Med Genet. 2002 Sep;39(9):e55. [PubMed ]

1. Aminoacylase-3
2. ACY-3
3. Acylase III
4. Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 1
5. HCBP1

MCSLPVPREPLRRVAVTGGTHGNEMSGVYLARHWLHAPAELQRASFSAVPVLANPAATSG
CRRYVDHDLNRTFTSSFLNSRPTPDDPYEVTRARELNQLLGPKASGQAFDFVLDLHNTTA
NMGTCLIAKSSHEVFAMHLCRHLQLQYPELSCQVFLYQRSGEESYNLDSVAKNGLGLELG
PQPQGVLRADIFSRMRTLVATVLDFIELFNQGTAFPAFEMEAYRPVGVVDFPRTEAGHLA
GTVHPQLQDRDFQPLQPGAPIFQMFSGEDLLYEGESTVYPVFINEAAYYEKGVAFVQTEK
FTFTVPAMPALTPAPSPAS

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate

• AstE_AspA (PF04952 )

• None

• None

ATGTGCTCACTGCCTGTGCCCCGGGAGCCCCTGCGTCGCGTGGCTGTGACTGGGGGCACG
CATGGCAACGAGATGTCGGGCGTCTACCTGGCCCGGCACTGGCTGCATGCCCCCGCAGAG
CTGCAGAGAGCCAGCTTCTCCGCTGTGCCTGTGCTGGCCAACCCGGCAGCCACATCCGGC
TGCCGCCGCTACGTGGACCATGACCTCAACCGCACCTTCACCAGCAGCTTCCTCAATTCC
AGGCCCACCCCGGACGACCCATATGAGGTGACAAGAGCCCGAGAGCTGAACCAGCTGCTG
GGGCCCAAGGCCTCGGGCCAGGCCTTTGACTTTGTCCTTGACCTGCACAACACCACGGCC
AACATGGGCACCTGCTTAATCGCGAAGTCCTCCCACGAAGTCTTTGCCATGCACCTGTGC
CGCCATCTGCAGCTGCAGTACCCCGAGCTGTCCTGCCAGGTCTTCCTGTACCAGCGGTCT
GGGGAGGAGAGCTACAACCTGGACTCTGTGGCCAAAAATGGACTGGGTCTGGAGCTGGGC
CCCCAGCCACAGGGTGTGCTGCGGGCTGACATTTTCTCAAGGATGAGGACCCTGGTGGCC
ACAGTTCTGGACTTCATCGAACTCTTCAACCAGGGTACGGCCTTTCCTGCCTTTGAGATG
GAAGCCTATAGACCCGTGGGCGTCGTGGACTTCCCCCGCACCGAGGCCGGGCACCTGGCA
GGCACTGTGCATCCTCAGCTGCAGGACCGAGACTTCCAGCCACTGCAGCCTGGTGCTCCC
ATCTTCCAGATGTTCAGTGGGGAGGACCTGCTCTATGAGGGAGAGTCCACGGTGTACCCC
GTGTTCATTAACGAGGCTGCCTACTATGAGAAGGGCGTTGCCTTTGTCCAGACTGAGAAG
TTCACATTCACCGTGCCTGCCATGCCCGCGCTGACCCCTGCCCCGAGCCCAGCTTCCTAA

1. Glutamine- dependent asparagine synthetase
2. Cell cycle control protein TS11

MCGIWALFGSDDCLSVQCLSAMKIAHRGPDAFRFENVNGYTNCCFGFHRLAVVDPLFGMQ
PIRVKKYPYLWLCYNGEIYNHKKMQQHFEFEYQTKVDGEIILHLYDKGGIEQTICMLDGV
FAFVLLDTANKKVFLGRDTYGVRPLFKAMTEDGFLAVCSEAKGLVTLKHSATPFLKVEPF
LPGHYEVLDLKPNGKVASVEMVKYHHCRDVPLHALYDNVEKLFPGFEIETVKNNLRILFN
NAVKKRLMTDRRIGCLLSGGLDSSLVAATLLKQLKEAQVQYPLQTFAIGMEDSPDLLAAR
KVADHIGSEHYEVLFNSEEGIQALDEVIFSLETYDITTVRASVGMYLISKYIRKNTDSVV
IFSGEGSDELTQGYIYFHKAPSPEKAEEESERLLRELYLFDVLRADRTTAAHGLELRVPF
LDHRFSSYYLSLPPEMRIPKNGIEKHLLRETFEDSNLIPKEILWRPKEAFSDGITSVKNS
WFKILQEYVEHQVDDAMMANAAQKFPFNTPKTKEGYYYRQVFERHYPGRADWLSHYWMPK
WINATDPSARTLTHYKSAVKA

• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• ATP + L-aspartate + L-glutamine = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine + L-glutamate

• Asn_synthase (PF00733 )
• GATase_2 (PF00310 )

• None

• None

ATGTGTGGCATTTGGGCGCTGTTTGGCAGTGATGATTGCCTTTCTGTTCAGTGTCTGAGT
GCTATGAAGATTGCACACAGAGGTCCAGATGCATTCCGTTTTGAGAATGTCAATGGATAC
ACCAACTGCTGCTTTGGATTTCACCGGTTGGCGGTAGTTGACCCGCTGTTTGGAATGCAG
CCAATTCGAGTGAAGAAATATCCGTATTTGTGGCTCTGTTACAATGGTGAAATCTACAAC
CATAAGAAGATGCAACAGCATTTTGAATTTGAATACCAGACCAAAGTGGATGGTGAGATA
ATCCTTCATCTTTATGACAAAGGAGGAATTGAGCAAACAATTTGTATGTTGGATGGTGTG
TTTGCATTTGTTTTACTGGATACTGCCAATAAGAAAGTGTTCCTGGGTAGAGATACATAT
GGAGTCAGACCTTTGTTTAAAGCAATGACAGAAGATGGATTTTTGGCTGTATGTTCAGAA
GCTAAAGGTCTTGTTACATTGAAGCACTCCGCGACTCCCTTTTTAAAAGTGGAGCCTTTT
CTTCCTGGACACTATGAAGTTTTGGATTTAAAGCCAAATGGCAAAGTTGCATCCGTGGAA
ATGGTTAAATATCATCACTGTCGGGATGTACCCCTGCACGCCCTCTATGACAATGTGGAG
AAACTCTTTCCAGGTTTTGAGATAGAAACTGTGAAGAACAACCTCAGGATCCTTTTTAAT
AATGCTGTAAAGAAACGTTTGATGACAGACAGAAGGATTGGCTGCCTTTTATCAGGGGGC
TTGGACTCCAGCTTGGTTGCTGCCACTCTGTTGAAGCAGCTGAAAGAAGCCCAAGTACAG
TATCCTCTCCAGACATTTGCAATTGGCATGGAAGACAGCCCCGATTTACTGGCTGCTAGA
AAGGTGGCAGATCATATTGGAAGTGAACATTATGAAGTCCTTTTTAACTCTGAGGAAGGC
ATTCAGGCTCTGGATGAAGTCATATTTTCCTTGGAAACTTATGACATTACAACAGTTCGT
GCTTCAGTAGGTATGTATTTAATTTCCAAGTATATTCGGAAGAACACAGATAGCGTGGTG
ATCTTCTCTGGAGAAGGATCAGATGAACTTACGCAGGGTTACATATATTTTCACAAGGCT
CCTTCTCCTGAAAAAGCCGAGGAGGAGAGTGAGAGGCTTCTGAGGGAACTCTATTTGTTT
GATGTTCTCCGCGCAGATCGAACTACTGCTGCCCATGGTCTTGAACTGAGAGTCCCATTT
CTAGATCATCGATTTTTTTCCTATTACTTGTCTCTGCCACCAGAAATGAGAATTCCAAAG
AATGGGATAGAAAAACATCTCCTGAGAGAGACGTTTGAGGATTCCAATCTGATACCCAAA
GAGATTCTCTGGCGACCAAAAGAAGCCTTCAGTGATGGAATAACTTCAGTTAAGAATTCC
TGGTTTAAGATTTTACAGGAATACGTTGAACATCAGGTTGATGATGCAATGATGGCAAAT
GCAGCCCAGAAATTTCCCTTCAATACTCCTAAAACCAAAGAAGGATATTACTACCGTCAA
GTCTTTGAACGCCATTACCCAGGCCGGGCTGACTGGCTGAGCCATTACTGGATGCCCAAG
TGGATCAATGCCACTGACCCTTCTGCCCGCACGCTGACCCACTACAAGTCAGCTGTCAAA
GCTTAG

1. Andrulis IL, Chen J, Ray PN: Isolation of human cDNAs for asparagine synthetase and expression in Jensen rat sarcoma cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jul;7(7):2435-43. [PubMed ]
2. Zhang YP, Lambert MA, Cairney AE, Wills D, Ray PN, Andrulis IL: Molecular structure of the human asparagine synthetase gene. Genomics. 1989 Apr;4(3):259-65. [PubMed ]
3. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed ]
4. Greco A, Ittmann M, Basilico C: Molecular cloning of a gene that is necessary for G1 progression in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(6):1565-9. [PubMed ]
5. Greco A, Gong SS, Ittmann M, Basilico C: Organization and expression of the cell cycle gene, ts11, that encodes asparagine synthetase. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jun;9(6):2350-9. [PubMed ]
6. Van Heeke G, Schuster SM: Expression of human asparagine synthetase in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5503-9. [PubMed ]
7. Van Heeke G, Schuster SM: The N-terminal cysteine of human asparagine synthetase is essential for glutamine-dependent activity. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 25;264(33):19475-7. [PubMed ]

1. Aspartate--tRNA ligase
2. AspRS
3. Cell proliferation-inducing gene 40 protein

MPSASASRKSQEKPREIMDAAEDYAKERYGISSMIQSQEKPDRVLVRVRDLTIQKADEVV
WVRARVHTSRAKGKQCFLVLRQQQFNVQALVAVGDHASKQMVKFAANINKESIVDVEGVV
RKVNQKIGSCTQQDVELHVQKIYVISLAEPRLPLQLDDAVRPEAEGEEEGRATVNQDTRL
DNRVIDLRTSTSQAVFRLQSGICHLFRETLINKGFVEIQTPKIISAASEGGANVFTVSYF
KNNAYLAQSPQLYKQMCICADFEKVFSIGPVFRAEDSNTHRHLTEFVGLDIEMAFNYHYH
EVMEEIADTMVQIFKGLQERFQTEIQTVNKQFPCEPFKFLEPTLRLEYCEALAMLREAGV
EMGDEDDLSTPNEKLLGHLVKEKYDTDFYILDKYPLAVRPFYTMPDPRNPKQSNSYDMFM
RGEEILSGAQRIHDPQLLTERALHHGIDLEKIKAYIDSFRFGAPPHAGGGIGLERVTMLF
LGLHNVRQTSMFPRDPKRLTP

• Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (map00970 )

• ATP + L-aspartate + tRNA(Asp) = AMP + diphosphate + L-aspartyl-tRNA(Asp)

• tRNA-synt_2 (PF00152 )
• tRNA_anti (PF01336 )

• None

• None

ATGCCCAGCGCCACGCAGCGCAAGAGTCAGGAGAAGCCGCGGGAGATCATGGACGCGGCG
GAAGATTATGCTAAAGAGAGATATGGAATATCTTCAATGATACAATCACAAGAAAAACCA
GATCGAGTTTTGGTTCGGGTTAGAGACTTGACAATACAAAAAGCTGATGAAGTTGTTTGG
GTACGTGCAAGAGTTCATACAAGCAGAGCTAAAGGGAAACAGTGCTTCTTAGTCCTACGT
CAGCAGCAGTTTAATGTCCAGGCTCTTGTGGCGGTGGGAGACCATGCAAGCAAGCAGATG
GTTAAATTTGCTGCCAACATCAACAAAGAGAGCATTGTGGATGTAGAAGGTGTTGTGAGA
AAAGTGAATCAGAAAATTGGAAGCTGTACACAGCAAGACGTTGAGTTACATGTTCAGAAG
ATTTATGTGATCAGTTTGGCTGAACCCCGTCTGCCCCTGCAGCTGGATGATGCTGTTCGG
CCTGAGCAAGAAGGAGAAGAGGAAGGAAGAGCTACTGTTAACCAGGATACAAGATTAGAC
AACAGAGTCATTGATCTTAGGACATCAACTAGTCAGGCAGTCTTCCGTCTCCAGTCTGGC
ATCTGCCATCTCTTCCGAGAAACTTTAATTAACAAAGGTTTTGTGGAAATCCAAACTCCT
AAAATTATTTCAGCTGCCAGTGAAGGAGGAGCCAATGTTTTTACTGTGTCATATTTTAAA
AATAATGCATACCTGGCTCAGTCCCCACAGCTATATAAGCAAATGTGCATTTGTGCTGAT
TTTGAGAAGGTTTTCTCTATTGGACCAGTATTCAGAGCGGAAGACTCTAATACCCATAGA
CATCTAACTGAGTTTGTTGGTTTGGACATTGAAATGGCTTTTAATTACCATTACCACGAA
GTTATGGAAGAAATTGCTGACACCATGGTACAAATATTCAAAGGACTTCAAGAAAGGTTT
CAGACTGAAATTCAAACAGTGAATAAACAGTTCCCATGTGAGCCATTCAAATTTTTGGAG
CCAACTCTAAGACTAGAATATTGTGAAGCATTGGCTATGCTTAGGGAAGCTGGAGTCGAA
ATGGGAGATGAAGACGATCTGAGCACACCAAATGAAAAGCTGTTGGGTCATTTGGTAAAG
GAAAAGTATGATACAGATTTTTATATTCTTGATAAATATCCATTGGCTGTAAGACCTTTC
TATACCATGCCTGACCCAAGAAATCCCAAACAGTCCAAGTCTTACGATATGTTCATGAGA
GGAGAAGAAATATTGTCAGGAGCTCAAAGAATACATGATCCTCAACTGCTAACAGAGAGA
GCTTTACATCATGGAAATGATTTGGAGAAAATTAAGGCTTACATTGATTCCTTCCGCTTT
GGAGCCCCTCCTCATGCTGGTGGAGGCATTGGATTGGAACGAGTTACTATGCTGTTTCTG
GGATTGCATAATGTTCGTCAGACCTCCATGTTCCCTCGTGATCCCAAACGACTCACTCCT
TAA

1. Jacobo-Molina A, Peterson R, Yang DC: cDNA sequence, predicted primary structure, and evolving amphiphilic helix of human aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 5;264(28):16608-12. [PubMed ]

1. Citrulline--aspartate ligase

MSSKGSVVLAYSGGLDTSCILVWLKEQGYDVIAYLANIGQKEDFEEARKKALKLGAKKVF
IEDVSREFVEEFIWPAIQSSALYEDRYLLGTSLARPCIARKQVEIAQREGAKYVSHGATG
KGNDQVRFELSCYSLAPQIKVIAPWRMPEFYNRFKGRNDLMEYAKQHGIPIPVTPKNPWS
MDENLMHISYEAGILENPKNQAPPGLYTKTQDPAKAPNTPDILEIEFKKGVPVKVTNVKD
GTTHQTSLELFMYLNEVAGKHGVGRIDIVENRFIGMKSRGIYETPAGTILYHAHLDIEAF
TMDREVRKIKQGLGLKFAELVYTGFWHSPECEFVRHCIAKSQERVEGKVQVSVLKGQVYI
LGRESPLSLYNEELVSMNVQGDYEPTDATGFININSLRLKEYHRLQSKVTAK

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• ATP + L-citrulline + L-aspartate = AMP + diphosphate + (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate

• Arginosuc_synth (PF00764 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCAGCAAAGGCTCCGTGGTTCTGGCCTACAGTGGCGGCCTGGACACCTCGTGCATC
CTCGTGTGGCTGAAGGAACAAGGCTATGACGTCATTGCCTATCTGGCCAACATTGGCCAG
AAGGAAGACTTCGAGGAAGCCAGGAAGAAGGCACTGAAGCTTGGGGCCAAAAAGGTGTTC
ATTGAGGATGTCAGCAGGGAGTTTGTGGAGGAGTTCATCTGGCCGGCCATCCAGTCCAGC
GCACTGTATGAGGACCGCTACCTCCTGGGCACCTCTCTTGCCAGGCCCTGCATCGCCCGC
AAACAAGTGGAAATCGCCCAGCGGGAGGGGGCCAAGTATGTGTCCCACGGCGCCACAGGA
AAGGGGAACGATCAGGTCCGGTTTGAGCTCAGCTGCTACTCACTGGCCCCCCAGATAAAG
GTCATTGCTCCCTGGAGGATGCCTGAATTCTACAACCGGTTCAAGGGCCGCAATGACCTG
ATGGAGTACGCAAAGCAACACGGGATTCCCATCCCGGTCACTCCCAAGAACCCGTGGAGC
ATGGATGAGAACCTCATGCACATCAGCTACGAGGCTGGAATCCTGGAGAACCCCAAGAAC
CAAGCGCCTCCAGGTCTCTACACGAAGACCCAGGACCCAGCCAAAGCCCCCAACACCCCT
GACATTCTCGAGATCGAGTTCAAAAAAGGGGTCCCTGTGAAGGTGACCAACGTCAAGGAT
GGCACCACCCACCAGACCTCCTTGGAGCTCTTCATGTACCTGAACGAAGTCGCGGGCAAG
CATGGCGTGGGCCGTATTGACATCGTGGAGAACCGCTTCATTGGAATGAAGTCCCGAGGT
ATCTACGAGACCCCAGCAGGCACCATCCTTTACCATGCTCATTTAGACATCGAGGCCTTC
ACCATGGACCGGGAAGTGCGCAAAATCAAACAAGGCCTGGGCTTGAAATTTGCTGAGCTG
GTGTATACCGGTTTACGGCCTAGCCCTGAGTGTGAATTTGTCCGCCACTGCATCGCCAAG
TCCCAGGAGCGAGTGGAAGGGAAAGTGCAGGTGTCCGTCCTCAAGGGCCAGGTGTACATC
CTCGGCCGGGAGTCCCCACTGTCTCTCTACAATGAGGAGCTGGTGAGCATGAACGTGCAG
GGTGATTATGAGCCAACTGATGCCACCGGGTTCATCAACATCAATTCCCTCAGGCTGAAG
GAATATCATCGTCTCCAGAGCAAGGTCACTGCCAAATAG

1. Bock HG, Su TS, O'Brien WE, Beaudet AL: Sequence for human argininosuccinate synthetase cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Sep 24;11(18):6505-12. [PubMed ]
2. Freytag SO, Bock HG, Beaudet AL, O'Brien WE: Molecular structures of human argininosuccinate synthetase pseudogenes. Evolutionary and mechanistic implications. J Biol Chem. 1984 Mar 10;259(5):3160-6. [PubMed ]
3. Haberle J, Pauli S, Linnebank M, Kleijer WJ, Bakker HD, Wanders RJ, Harms E, Koch HG: Structure of the human argininosuccinate synthetase gene and an improved system for molecular diagnostics in patients with classical and mild citrullinemia. Hum Genet. 2002 Apr;110(4):327-33. Epub 2002 Mar 1. [PubMed ]
4. Isashiki Y, Noda T, Kobayashi K, Sase M, Saheki T, Titani K: Identification of essential arginine residue(s) for Mg-ATP binding of human argininosuccinate synthetase. Protein Seq Data Anal. 1989 Jul;2(4):283-7. [PubMed ]
5. Ji H, Reid GE, Moritz RL, Eddes JS, Burgess AW, Simpson RJ: A two-dimensional gel database of human colon carcinoma proteins. Electrophoresis. 1997 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):605-13. [PubMed ]
6. Kobayashi K, Jackson MJ, Tick DB, O'Brien WE, Beaudet AL: Heterogeneity of mutations in argininosuccinate synthetase causing human citrullinemia. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 5;265(19):11361-7. [PubMed ]
7. Kobayashi K, Rosenbloom C, Beaudet AL, O'Brien WE: Additional mutations in argininosuccinate synthetase causing citrullinemia. Mol Biol Med. 1991 Feb;8(1):95-100. [PubMed ]
8. Kobayashi K, Shaheen N, Terazono H, Saheki T: Mutations in argininosuccinate synthetase mRNA of Japanese patients, causing classical citrullinemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Dec;55(6):1103-12. [PubMed ]
9. Shaheen N, Kobayashi K, Terazono H, Fukushige T, Horiuchi M, Saheki T: Characterization of human wild-type and mutant argininosuccinate synthetase proteins expressed in bacterial cells. Enzyme Protein. 1994-1995;48(5-6):251-64. [PubMed ]
10. Vilaseca MA, Kobayashi K, Briones P, Lambruschini N, Campistol J, Tabata A, Alomar A, Rodes M, Lluch M, Saheki T: Phenotype and genotype heterogeneity in Mediterranean citrullinemia. Mol Genet Metab. 2001 Nov;74(3):396-8. [PubMed ]
11. Gao HZ, Kobayashi K, Tabata A, Tsuge H, Iijima M, Yasuda T, Kalkanoglu HS, Dursun A, Tokatli A, Coskun T, Trefz FK, Skladal D, Mandel H, Seidel J, Kodama S, Shirane S, Ichida T, Makino S, Yoshino M, Kang JH, Mizuguchi M, Barshop BA, Fuchinoue S, Seneca S, Zeesman S, Knerr I, Rodes M, Wasant P, Yoshida I, De Meirleir L, Abdul Jalil M, Begum L, Horiuchi M, Katunuma N, Nakagawa S, Saheki T: Identification of 16 novel mutations in the argininosuccinate synthetase gene and genotype-phenotype correlation in 38 classical citrullinemia patients. Hum Mutat. 2003 Jul;22(1):24-34. [PubMed ]

1. GDH

MYRYLGEALLLSRAGPAALGSASADSAALLGWARGQPAAAPQPGLALAARRHYSEAVADR
EDDPNFFKMVEGFFDRGASIVEDKLVEDLRTRESEEQKRNRVRGILRIIKPCNHVLSLSF
PIRRDDGSWEVIEGYRAQHSQHRTPCKGGIRYSTDVSVDEVKALASLMTYKCAVVDVPFG
GAKAGVKINPKNYTDNELEKITRRFTMELAKKGFIGPGIDVPAPDMSTGEREMSWIADTY
ASTIGHYDINAHACVTGKPISQGGIHGRISATGRGVFHGIENFINEASYMSILGMTPGFG
DKTFVVQGFGNVGLHSMRYLHRFGAKCIAVGESDGSIWNPDGIDPKELEDFKLQHGSILG
FPKAKPYEGSILEADCDILIPAASEKQLTKSNAPRVKAKIIAEGANGPTTPEADKIFLER
NIMVIPDLYLNAGGVTVSYFEWLKNLNHVSYGRLTFKYERDSNYHLLMSVQESLERKFGK
HGGTIPIVPTAEFQDRISGASEKDIVHSGLAYTMERSARQIMRTAMKYNLGLDLRTAAYV
NAIEKVFKVYNEAGVTFT

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• D-Glutamine and D-Glutamate Metabolism (map00471 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• L-glutamate + H2O + NAD(P)+ = 2-oxoglutarate + ammonia + NAD(P)H + H+

• ELFV_dehydrog (PF00208 )
• ELFV_dehydrog_N (PF02812 )

• 1-20

ATGTACCGCTACCTGGGCGAAGCGCTGTTGCTGTCCCGGGCCGGGCCCGCTGCCCTGGGC
TCGGCGTCCGCCGACTCGGCCGCGTTGCTGGGCTGGGCCCGGGGACAGCCCGCCGCCGCC
CCGCAGCCGGGGCTGGCATTGGCCGCCCGGCGCCACTACAGCGAGGCGGTGGCCGACCGC
GAGGACGACCCCAACTTCTTCAAGATGGTGGAGGGCTTCTTCGATCGCGGCGCCAGCATC
GTGGAGGACAAGCTGGTGGAGGACCTGAGGACCCGGGAGAGCGAGGAGCAGAAGCGGAAC
CGGGTGCGCGGCATCCTGCGGATCATCAAGCCCTGCAACCATGTGCTGAGTCTCTCCTTC
CCCATCCGGCGCGACGACGGCTCCTGGGAGGTCATCGAAGGCTACCGGGCCCAGCACAGC
CAGCACCGCACGCCCTGCAAGGGAGGTATCCGTTACAGCACTGATGTGAGTGTAGATGAA
GTAAAAGCTTTGGCTTCTCTGATGACATACAAGTGTGCAGTGGTTGATGTGCCGTTTGGG
GGTGCTAAAGCTGGTGTTAAGATCAATCCCAAGAACTATACTGATAATGAATTGGAAAAG
ATCACAAGGAGGTTCACCATGGAGCTAGCAAAAAAGGGCTTTATTGGTCCTGGCATTGAT
GTGCCTGCTCCAGACATGAGCACAGGTGAGCGGGAGATGTCCTGGATCGCTGATACCTAT
GCCAGCACCATAGGGCACTATGATATTAATGCACACGCCTGTGTTACTGGTAAACCCATC
AGCCAAGGGGGAATCCATGGACGCATCTCTGCTACTGGCCGTGGTGTCTTCCATGGGATT
GAAAATTTCATCAATGAAGCTTCTTACATGAGCATTTTAGGAATGACACCAGGGTTTGGA
GATAAAACATTTGTTGTTCAGGGATTTGGTAATGTGGGCCTACACTCTATGAGATATTTA
CATCGTTTTGGTGCTAAATGTATTGCTGTTGGTGAGTCTGATGGGAGTATATGGAATCCA
GATGGTATTGACCCAAAGGAACTGGAAGACTTCAAATTGCAACATGGGTCCATTCTGGGC
TTCCCCAAGGCAAAGCCCTATGAAGGAAGCATCTTGGAGGCCGACTGTGACATACTGATC
CCAGCTGCCAGTGAGAAGCAGTTGACCAAATCCAACGCACCCAGAGTCAAAGCCAAGATC
ATTGCTGAAGGTGCCAATGGGCCAACAACTCCAGAAGCTGACAAGATCTTCCTGGAGAGA
AACATTATGGTTATTCCAGATCTCTACTTGAATGCTGGAGGAGTGACAGTATCTTACTTT
GAGTGGCTGAAGAATCTAAATCATGTCAGCTATGGCCGTTTGACCTTCAAATATGAAAGG
GATTCTAACTACCACTTGCTCATGTCTGTTCAAGAGAGTTTAGAAAGAAAATTTGGAAAG
CATGGTGGAACTATTCCCATTGTACCCACGGCAGAGTTCCAAGACAGGATATCGGGTGCA
TCTGAGAAAGACATCGTGCACTCTGGCTTGGCATACACAATGGAGCGTTCTGCCAGGCAA
ATTATGCGCACAGCCATGAAGTATAACCTGGGATTGGACCTGAGAACAGCTGCCTATGTT
AATGCCATTGAGAAAGTCTTCAAAGTGTACAATGAAGCTGGTGTGACCTTCACATAG

1. Nakatani Y, Banner C, von Herrath M, Schneider ME, Smith HH, Freese E: Comparison of human brain and liver glutamate dehydrogenase cDNAS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Dec 16;149(2):405-10. [PubMed ]
2. Amuro N, Yamaura M, Goto Y, Okazaki T: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the cDNA for human liver glutamate dehydrogenase precursor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 May 16;152(3):1395-400. [PubMed ]
3. Nakatani Y, Schneider M, Banner C, Freese E: Complete nucleotide sequence of human glutamate dehydrogenase cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jul 11;16(13):6237. [PubMed ]
4. Mavrothalassitis G, Tzimagiorgis G, Mitsialis A, Zannis V, Plaitakis A, Papamatheakis J, Moschonas N: Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding human liver glutamate dehydrogenase: evidence for a small gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3494-8. [PubMed ]
5. Michaelidis TM, Tzimagiorgis G, Moschonas NK, Papamatheakis J: The human glutamate dehydrogenase gene family: gene organization and structural characterization. Genomics. 1993 Apr;16(1):150-60. [PubMed ]
6. Julliard JH, Smith EL: Partial amino acid sequence of the glutamate dehydrogenase of human liver and a revision of the sequence of the bovine enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1979 May 10;254(9):3427-38. [PubMed ]
7. Hochstrasser DF, Frutiger S, Paquet N, Bairoch A, Ravier F, Pasquali C, Sanchez JC, Tissot JD, Bjellqvist B, Vargas R, et al.: Human liver protein map: a reference database established by microsequencing and gel comparison. Electrophoresis. 1992 Dec;13(12):992-1001. [PubMed ]
8. Banner C, Silverman S, Thomas JW, Lampel KA, Vitkovic L, Huie D, Wenthold RJ: Isolation of a human brain cDNA for glutamate dehydrogenase. J Neurochem. 1987 Jul;49(1):246-52. [PubMed ]
9. Tzimagiorgis G, Leversha MA, Chroniary K, Goulielmos G, Sargent CA, Ferguson-Smith M, Moschonas NK: Structure and expression analysis of a member of the human glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD) gene family mapped to chromosome 10p11.2. Hum Genet. 1993 Jun;91(5):433-8. [PubMed ]
10. Smith TJ, Peterson PE, Schmidt T, Fang J, Stanley CA: Structures of bovine glutamate dehydrogenase complexes elucidate the mechanism of purine regulation. J Mol Biol. 2001 Mar 23;307(2):707-20. [PubMed ]
11. Fang J, Hsu BY, MacMullen CM, Poncz M, Smith TJ, Stanley CA: Expression, purification and characterization of human glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) allosteric regulatory mutations. Biochem J. 2002 Apr 1;363(Pt 1):81-7. [PubMed ]
12. Smith TJ, Schmidt T, Fang J, Wu J, Siuzdak G, Stanley CA: The structure of apo human glutamate dehydrogenase details subunit communication and allostery. J Mol Biol. 2002 May 3;318(3):765-77. [PubMed ]
13. Banerjee S, Schmidt T, Fang J, Stanley CA, Smith TJ: Structural studies on ADP activation of mammalian glutamate dehydrogenase and the evolution of regulation. Biochemistry. 2003 Apr 1;42(12):3446-56. [PubMed ]
14. Meissner T, Beinbrech B, Mayatepek E: Congenital hyperinsulinism: molecular basis of a heterogeneous disease. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(5):351-61. [PubMed ]
15. Stanley CA, Lieu YK, Hsu BY, Burlina AB, Greenberg CR, Hopwood NJ, Perlman K, Rich BH, Zammarchi E, Poncz M: Hyperinsulinism and hyperammonemia in infants with regulatory mutations of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. N Engl J Med. 1998 May 7;338(19):1352-7. [PubMed ]
16. Miki Y, Taki T, Ohura T, Kato H, Yanagisawa M, Hayashi Y: Novel missense mutations in the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in the congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome. J Pediatr. 2000 Jan;136(1):69-72. [PubMed ]
17. Santer R, Kinner M, Passarge M, Superti-Furga A, Mayatepek E, Meissner T, Schneppenheim R, Schaub J: Novel missense mutations outside the allosteric domain of glutamate dehydrogenase are prevalent in European patients with the congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome. Hum Genet. 2001 Jan;108(1):66-71. [PubMed ]
18. MacMullen C, Fang J, Hsu BY, Kelly A, de Lonlay-Debeney P, Saudubray JM, Ganguly A, Smith TJ, Stanley CA: Hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome in children with regulatory mutations in the inhibitory guanosine triphosphate-binding domain of glutamate dehydrogenase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Apr;86(4):1782-7. [PubMed ]

1. Glutamate decarboxylase 65 kDa isoform
2. GAD-65
3. 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase

MASPGSGFWSFGSEDGSGDSENPGTARAWCQVAQKFTGGIGNKLCALLYGDAEKPAESGG
SQPPRAAARKAACACDQKPCSCSKVDVNYAFLHATDLLPACDGERPTLAFLQDVMNILLQ
YVVKSFDRSTKVIDFHYPNELLQEYNWELADQPQNLEEILMHCQTTLKYAIKTGHPRYFN
QLSTGLDMVGLAADWLTSTANTNMFTYEIAPVFVLLEYVTLKKMREIIGWPGGSGDGIFS
PGGAISNMYAMMIARFKMFPEVKEKGMAALPRLIAFTSEHSHFSLKKGAAALGIGTDSVI
LIKCDERGKMIPSDLERRILEAKQKGFVPFLVSATAGTTVYGAFDPLLAVADICKKYKIW
MHVDAAWGGGLLMSRKHKWKLSGVERANSVTWNPHKMMGVPLQCSALLVREEGLMQNCNQ
MHASYLFQQDKHYDLSYDTGDKALQCGRHVDVFKLWLMWRAKGTTGFEAHVDKCLELAEY
LYNIIKNREGYEMVFDGKPQHTNVCFWYIPPSLRTLEDNEERMSRLSKVAPVIKARMMEY
GTTMVSYQPLGDKVNFFRMVISNPAATHQDIDFLIEEIERLGQDL

• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Butyrate Metabolism (map00650 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism (map00430 )

• L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2

• Pyridoxal_deC (PF00282 )

• None

• None

ATGGCATCTCCGGGCTCTGGCTTTTGGTCTTTCGGGTCGGAAGATGGCTCTGGGGATTCC
GAGAATCCCGGCACAGCGCGAGCCTGGTGCCAAGTGGCTCAGAAGTTCACGGGCGGCATC
GGAAACAAACTGTGCGCCCTGCTCTACGGAGACGCCGAGAAGCCGGCGGAGAGCGGCGGG
AGCCAACCCCCGCGGGCCGCCGCCCGGAAGGCCGCCTGCGCCTGCGACCAGAAGCCCTGC
AGCTGCTCCAAAGTGGATGTCAACTACGCGTTTCTCCATGCAACAGACCTGCTGCCGGCG
TGTGATGGAGAAAGGCCCACTTTGGCGTTTCTGCAAGATGTTATGAACATTTTACTTCAG
TATGTGGTGAAAAGTTTCGATAGATCAACCAAAGTGATTGATTTCCATTATCCTAATGAG
CTTCTCCAAGAATATAATTGGGAATTGGCAGACCAACCACAAAATTTGGAGGAAATTTTG
ATGCATTGCCAAACAACTCTAAAATATGCAATTAAAACAGGGCATCCTAGATACTTCAAT
CAACTTTCTACTGGTTTGGATATGGTTGGATTAGCAGCAGACTGGCTGACATCAACAGCA
AATACTAACATGTTCACCTATGAAATTGCTCCAGTATTTGTGCTTTTGGAATATGTCACA
CTAAAGAAAATGAGAGAAATCATTGGCTGGCCAGGGGGCTCTGGCGATGGGATATTTTCT
CCCGGTGGCGCCATATCTAACATGTATGCCATGATGATCGCACGCTTTAAGATGTTCCCA
GAAGTCAAGGAGAAAGGAATGGCTGCTCTTCCCAGGCTCATTGCCTTCACGTCTGAACAT
AGTCATTTTTCTCTCAAGAAGGGAGCTGCAGCCTTAGGGATTGGAACAGACAGCGTGATT
CTGATTAAATGTGATGAGAGAGGGAAAATGATTCCATCTGATCTTGAAAGAAGGATTCTT
GAAGCCAAACAGAAAGGGTTTGTTCCTTTCCTCGTGAGTGCCACAGCTGGAACCACCGTG
TACGGAGCATTTGACCCCCTCTTAGCTGTCGCTGACATTTGCAAAAAGTATAAGATCTGG
ATGCATGTGGATGCAGCTTGGGGTGGGGGATTACTGATGTCCCGAAAACACAAGTGGAAA
CTGAGTGGCGTGGAGAGGGCCAACTCTGTGACGTGGAATCCACACAAGATGATGGGAGTC
CCTTTGCAGTGCTCTGCTCTCCTGGTTAGAGAAGAGGGATTGATGCAGAATTGCAACCAA
ATGCATGCCTCCTACCTCTTTCAGCAAGATAAACATTATGACCTGTCCTATGACACTGGA
GACAAGGCCTTACAGTGCGGACGCCACGTTGATGTTTTTAAACTATGGCTGATGTGGAGG
GCAAAGGGGACTACCGGGTTTGAAGCGCATGTTGATAAATGTTTGGAGTTGGCAGAGTAT
TTATACAACATCATAAAAAACCGAGAAGGATATGAGATGGTGTTTGATGGGAAGCCTCAG
CACACAAATGTCTGCTTCTGGTACATTCCTCCAAGCTTGCGTACTCTGGAAGACAATGAA
GAGAGAATGAGTCGCCTCTCGAAGGTGGCTCCAGTGATTAAAGCCAGAATGATGGAGTAT
GGAACCACAATGGTCAGCTACCAACCCTTGGGAGACAAGGTCAATTTCTTCCGCATGGTC
ATCTCAAACCCAGCGGCAACTCACCAAGACATTGACTTCCTGATTGAAGAAATAGAACGC
CTTGGACAAGATTTATAA

1. Karlsen AE, Hagopian WA, Grubin CE, Dube S, Disteche CM, Adler DA, Barmeier H, Mathewes S, Grant FJ, Foster D, et al.: Cloning and primary structure of a human islet isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase from chromosome 10. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8337-41. [PubMed ]
2. Bu DF, Erlander MG, Hitz BC, Tillakaratne NJ, Kaufman DL, Wagner-McPherson CB, Evans GA, Tobin AJ: Two human glutamate decarboxylases, 65-kDa GAD and 67-kDa GAD, are each encoded by a single gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Mar 15;89(6):2115-9. [PubMed ]
3. Bu DF, Tobin AJ: The exon-intron organization of the genes (GAD1 and GAD2) encoding two human glutamate decarboxylases (GAD67 and GAD65) suggests that they derive from a common ancestral GAD. Genomics. 1994 May 1;21(1):222-8. [PubMed ]
4. Mauch L, Abney CC, Berg H, Scherbaum WA, Liedvogel B, Northemann W: Characterization of a linear epitope within the human pancreatic 64-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase and its autoimmune recognition by sera from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Mar 1;212(2):597-603. [PubMed ]
5. Kim J, Richter W, Aanstoot HJ, Shi Y, Fu Q, Rajotte R, Warnock G, Baekkeskov S: Differential expression of GAD65 and GAD67 in human, rat, and mouse pancreatic islets. Diabetes. 1993 Dec;42(12):1799-808. [PubMed ]
6. Namchuk M, Lindsay L, Turck CW, Kanaani J, Baekkeskov S: Phosphorylation of serine residues 3, 6, 10, and 13 distinguishes membrane anchored from soluble glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and is restricted to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65alpha. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jan 17;272(3):1548-57. [PubMed ]
7. Kanaani J, el-Husseini Ael-D, Aguilera-Moreno A, Diacovo JM, Bredt DS, Baekkeskov S: A combination of three distinct trafficking signals mediates axonal targeting and presynaptic clustering of GAD65. J Cell Biol. 2002 Sep 30;158(7):1229-38. [PubMed ]

1. Adenylosuccinate synthetase, acidic isozyme
2. IMP--aspartate ligase 2
3. AdSS 2
4. AMPSase 2

MAFAETYPAASSLPNGDCGRPRARPGGNRVTVVLGAQWGDEGKGKVVDLLAQDADIVCRC
QGGNNAGHTVVVDSVEYDFHLLPSGIINPNVTAFIGNGVVIHLPGLFEEAEKNVQKGKGL
EGWEKRLIISDRAHIVFDFHQAADGIQEQQRQEQAGKNLGTTKKGIGPVYSSKAARSGLR
MCDLVSDFDGFSERFKVLANQYKSIYPTLEIDIEGELQKLKGYMEKIKPMVRDGVYFLYE
ALHGPPKKILVEGANAALLDIDFGTYPFVTSSNCTVGGVCTGLGMPPQNVGEVYGVVKAY
TTRVGIGAFPTEQDNEIGELLQTRGREFGVTTGRKRRCGWLDLVLLKYAHMINGFTALAL
TKLDILDMFTEIKVGVAYKLDGEIIPHIPANQEVLNKVEVQYKTLPGWNTDISNARAFKE
LPVNAQNYVRFIEDELQIPVKWIGVGKSRESMIQLF

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• GTP + IMP + L-aspartate = GDP + phosphate + N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP

• Adenylsucc_synt (PF00709 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGTTCGCCGAGACCTACCCGGCGGCATCCTCCCTGCCCAACGGCGATTGCGGCCGC
CCCAGGGCGGCCGGAGGAAACCGGGTGACGGTGGTGCTCGGTGCGCAGTGGGGCGACGAA
GGCAAAGGGAAGGTGGTGGACCTGCTGGCGCAGGACGCCGACATCGTGTGCCGCTGCCAG
GGAGGAAATAATGCTGGCCATACAGTTGTTGTGGATTCTGTGGAATATGATTTTCATCTC
TTACCCAGTGGAATAATTAATCCAAATGTCACTGCATTCATTGGAAATGGTGTGGTAATT
CATCTACCTGGATTGTTTGAAGAAGCAGAGAAAAATGTTCAAAAAGGAAAAGGACTAGAA
GGCTGGGAAAAAAGGCTTATTATATCTGACAGAGCTCATATTGTATTTGATTTTCATCAA
GCAGCTGATGGTATCCAGGAACAACAGAGACAAGAACAAGCAGGAAAAAATTTGGGTACA
ACAAAAAAGGGCATTGGCCCAGTTTATTCGTCCAAAGCTGCTCGGAGTGGACTCAGGATG
TGCGACCTTGTTTCTGACTTTGATGGCTTCTCTGAGAGGTTTAAAGTTCTAGCTAACCAA
TACAAATCTATATACCCCACTTTGGAAATAGACATTGAAGGTGAATTACAAAAACTCAAG
GGTTATATGGAAAAGATTAAACCAATGGTGAGAGATGGAGTTTATTTTCTATATGAGGCC
CTACATGGACCACCAAAGAAAATCTTGGTAGAAGGTGCAAATGCAGCACTATTAGATATT
GATTTTGGGACTTACCCTTTTGTAACCTCTTCAAATTGTACTGTTGGAGGTGTTTGTACT
GGTTTGGGTATGCCACCTCAAAATGTTGGAGAAGTGTATGGAGTTGTGAAAGCTTATACA
ACTAGAGTTGGTATTGGTGCCTTTCCTACAGAGCAAGACAATGAAATTGGAGAATTATTA
CAAACAAGGGGTAGAGAGTTTGGTGTAACTACTGGAAGGAAAAGAAGATGTGGCTGGTTG
GACCTCGTTTTGCTCAAATATGCTCATATGATCAATGGATTTACTGCGTTGGCACTTACC
AAGTTGGATATTTTGGACATGTTTACGGAAATCAAAGTTGGAGTTGCTTACAAGTTAGAT
GGTGAAATCATACCTCATATCCCAGCAAACCAAGAAGTCTTAAATAAAGTTGAAGTTCAA
TATAAGACTCTCCCAGGATGGAACACAGACATATCAAATGCAAGGGCGTTTAAAGAACTA
CCTGTTAATGCACAAAACTATGTTCGATTTATTGAAGATGAGCTTCAAATTCCAGTTAAG
TGGATTGGTGTTGGTAAATCCAGAGAATCTATGATTCAACTCTTTTAA

1. Powell SM, Zalkin H, Dixon JE: Cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding human adenylosuccinate synthetase. FEBS Lett. 1992 May 25;303(1):4-10. [PubMed ]

1. IMP--aspartate ligase 1
2. AdSS 1
3. AMPSase 1

MSGTRASNDRPPGAGGVKRGRLQQEAAATGSRVTVVLGAQWGDEGKGKVVDLLATDADII
SRCQGGNNAGHTVVVDGKEYDFHLLPSGIINTKAVSFIGNGVVIHLPGLFEEAEKNEKKG
LKDWEKRLIISDRAHLVFDFHQAVDGLQEVQRQAQEGKNIGTTKKGIGPTYSSKAARTGL
RICDLLSDFDEFSSRFKNLAHQHQSMFPTLEIDIEGQLKRLKGFAERIRPMVRDGVYFMY
EALHGPPKKILVEGANAALLDIDFGTYPFVTSSNCTVGGVCTGLGIPPQNIGDVYGVVKA
YTTRVGIGAFPTEQINEIGGLLQTRGHEWGVTTGRKRRCGWLDLMILRYAHMVNGFTALA
LTKLDILDVLGEVKVGVSYKLNGKRIPYFPANQEMLQKVEVEYETLPGWKADTTGARRWE
DLPPQAQNYIRFVENHVGVAVKWVGVGKSRESMIQLF

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• GTP + IMP + L-aspartate = GDP + phosphate + N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP

• Adenylsucc_synt (PF00709 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGGGGACCCGAGCCTCCAACGACCGGCCCCCCGGCGCAGGCGGCGTCAAGCGGGGG
CGGCTGCAGCAGGAGGCGGCGGCGACCGGCTCCCGCGTGACGGTGGTGCTGGGCGCGCAG
TGGGGGGACGAGGGCAAAGGCAAGGTGGTGGACCTGCTGGCCACGGACGCCGACATCATC
AGCCGCTGCCAGGGGGGCAACAACGCCGGCCACACGGTGGTGGTGGATGGGAAAGAGTAC
GACTTCCACCTGCTGCCCAGCGGCATCATCAACACCAAGGCCGTGTCCTTCATTGGCAAC
GGGGTGGTCATCCACTTGCCAGGCTTGTTTGAGGAAGCAGAGAAGAATGAAAAGAAAGGC
CTGAAGGACTGGGAGAAGAGGCTCATCATCTCTGACAGAGCCCACCTTGTGTTTGATTTT
CACCAGGCTGTCGACGGACTTCAGGAAGTGCAGCGCCAGGCACAAGAGGGGAAGAATATA
GGCACCACCAAGAAGGGAATCGGACCAACCTACTCTTCCAAAGCTGCCCGGACAGGCCTC
CGCATCTGCGACCTCCTGTCAGATTTTGATGAGTTTTCCTCCAGATTCAAGAACCTGGCC
CACCAGCACCAGTCGATGTTCCCCACCCTGGAAATAGACATTGAAGGCCAACTCAAAAGG
CTCAAGGGCTTTGCTGAGCGGATCAGACCCATGGTCCGAGATGGTGTTTACTTTATGTAT
GAGGCACTCCACGGCCCCCCCAAGAAGATCCTGGTGGAGGGTGCCAACGCCGCCCTCCTC
GACATTGACTTCGGGACCTACCCCTTTGTGACTTCATCCAACTGCACCGTGGGCGGTGTG
TGCACGGGCCTGGGCATCCCCCCGCAGAACATAGGTGACGTGTATGGCGTGGTGAAAGCC
TATACCACACGTGTGGGCATCGGGGCCTTCCCCACCGAGCAGATCAACGAGATTGGAGGC
CTGCTGCAGACCCGCGGCCACGAGTGGGGAGTGACCACAGGCAGGAAGAGGCGCTGCGGC
TGGCTCGACCTGATGATTCTAAGATATGCTCACATGGTCAACGGATTCACTGCGCTGGCC
CTGACGAAGCTGGACATCCTGGACGTACTGGGTGAGGTTAAAGTCGGTGTCTCATACAAG
CTGAACGGGAAAAGGATTCCCTATTTCCCAGCTAACCAGGAGATGCTTCAGAAGGTCGAA
GTTGAGTATGAAACGCTGCCTGGGTGGAAAGCAGACACCACAGGCGCCAGGAGGTGGGAG
GACCTGCCCCCACAGGCCCAGAACTACATCCGCTTTGTGGAGAATCACGTGGGAGTCGCA
GTCAAATGGGTTGGTGTTGGCAAGTCAAGAGAGTCGATGATCCAGCTGTTTTAG

1. SAICAR synthetase
2. Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase
3. AIR carboxylase
4. AIRC]

MATAEVLNIGKKLYEGKTKEVYELLDSPGKVLLQSKDQITAGNAARKNHLEGKAAISNKI
TSCIFQLLQEAGIKTAFTRKCGETAFIAPQCEMIPIEWVCRRIATGSFLKRNPGVKEGYK
FYPPKVELFFKDDANNDPQWSEEQLIAAKFCFAGLLIGQTEVDIMSHATQAIFEILEKSW
LPQNCTLVDMKIEFGVDVTTKEIVLADVIDNDSWRLWPSGDRSQQKDKQSYRDLKEVTPE
GLQMVKKNFEWVAERVELLLKSESQCRVVVLMGSTSDLGHCEKIKKACGNFGIPCELRVT
SAHKGPDETLRIKAEYEGDGIPTVFVAVAGRSNGLGPVMSGNTAYPVISCPPLTPDWGVQ
DVWSSLRLPSGLGCSTVLSPEGSAQFAAQIFGLSNHLVWSKLRASILNTWISLKQADKKI
RECNL

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )

• ATP + 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate = ADP + phosphate + (S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinate

• AIRC (PF00731 )
• SAICAR_synt (PF01259 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGACAGCTGAGGTACTGAACATTGGTAAAAAATTATATGAGGGTAAAACAAAAGAA
GTCTACGAATTGTTAGACAGTCCAGGAAAAGTCCTCCTGCAGTCCAAGGACCAGATTACA
GCAGGAAATGCAGCTAGAAAAAACCACCTGGAAGGAAAAGCTGCAATCTCAAATAAAATC
ACCAGTTGTATTTTTCAGTTATTACAGGAAGCAGGTATTAAAACTGCCTTCACCAGAAAA
TGTGGGGAGACAGCTTTCATTGCACCGCAGTGTGAAATGATTCCAATTGAATGGGTTTGC
AGAAGAATAGCAACTGGTTCTTTTCTCAAAAGAAATCCTGGTGTCAAGGAAGGATATAAG
TTTTACCCACCTAAAGTGGAGTTGTTTTTCAAGGATGATGCCAATAATGACCCACAGTGG
TCTGAGGAACAGCTGATTGCTGCAAAATTTTGCTTTGCTGGACTTCTTATAGGCCAGACT
GAAGTGGATATCATGAGTCATGCTACACAGGCTATATTTGAAATACTGGAGAAATCCTGG
TTGCCCCAGAATTGTACACTGGTTGATATGAAGATTGAATTTGGTGTTGATGTAACCACC
AAAGAAATTGTTCTTGCTGATGTTATTGACAATGATTCCTGGAGACTCTGGCCATCAGGA
GATCGAAGCCAACAGAAAGACAAACAGTCTTATCGGGACCTCAAAGAAGTAACTCCTGAA
GGGCTCCAAATGGTAAAGAAAAACTTTGAGTGGGTTGCAGAGAGAGTAGAGTTGCTTTTG
AAATCAGAAAGTCAGTGCAGGGTTGTAGTGTTGATGGGCTCTACTTCTGATCTTGGTCAC
TGTGAAAAAATCAAGAAGGCCTGTGGAAATTTTGGCATTCCATGTGAACTTCGAGTAACA
TCTGCGCATAAAGGACCAGATGAAACTCTGAGGATTAAAGCTGAGTATGAAGGGGATGGC
ATTCCTACTGTATTTGTGGCAGTGGCAGGCAGAAGTAATGGTTTGGGACCAGTGATGTCT
GGGAACACTGCATATCCAGTTATCAGCTGTCCTCCCCTCACACCAGACTGGGGAGTTCAG
GATGTGTGGTCTTCTCTTCGACTACCCAGTGGTCTTGGCTGTTCAACCGTACTTTCTCCA
GAAGGATCAGCTCAATTTGCTGCTCAGATATTTGGGTTAAGCAACCATTTGGTATGGAGC
AAACTGCGAGCAAGCATTTTGAACACATGGATTTCCTTGAAGCAGGCTGACAAGAAAATC
AGAGAATGTAATTTATAA

1. Minet M, Lacroute F: Cloning and sequencing of a human cDNA coding for a multifunctional polypeptide of the purine pathway by complementation of the ade2-101 mutant in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet. 1990 Nov;18(4):287-91. [PubMed ]

1. Aspartate beta- hydroxylase
2. ASP beta-hydroxylase
3. Peptide-aspartate beta- dioxygenase

MAQRKNAKSSGNSSSSGSGSGSTSAGSSSPGARRETKHGGHKNGRKGGLSGTSFFTWFMV
IALLGVWTSVAVVWFDLVDYEEVLGKLGIYDADGDGDFDVDDAKVLLGLKERSTSEPAVP
PEEAEPHTEPEEQVPVEAEPQNIEDEAKEQIQSLLHEMVHAEHVEGEDLQQEDGPTGEPQ
QEDDEFLMATDVDDRFETLEPEVSHEETEHSYHVEETVSQDCNQDMEEMMSEQENPDSSE
PVVEDERLHHDTDDVTYQVYEEQAVYEPLENEGIEITEVTAPPEDNPVEDSQVIVEEVSI
FPVEEQQEVPPETNRKTDDPEQKAKVKKKKPKLLNKFDKTIKAELDAAEKLRKRGKIEEA
VNAFKELVRKYPQSPRARYGKAQCEDDLAEKRRSNEVLRGAIETYQEVASLPDVPADLLK
LSLKRRSDRQQFLGHMRGSLLTLQRLVQLFPNDTSLKNDLGVGYLLIGDNDNAKKVYEEV
LSVTPNDGFAKVHYGFILKAQNKIAESIPYLKEGIESGDPGTDDGRFYFHLGDAMQRVGN
KEAYKWYELGHKRGHFASVWQRSLYNVNGLKAQPWWTPKETGYTELVKSLERNWKLIRDE
GLAVMDKAKGLFLPEDENLREKGDWSQFTLWQQGRRNENACKGAPKTCTLLEKFPETTGC
RRGQIKYSIMHPGTHVWPHTGPTNCRLRMHLGLVIPKEGCKIRCANETKTWEEGKVLIFD
DSFEHEVWQDASSFRLIFIVDVWHPELTPQQRRSLPAI

• peptide L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptide 3-hydroxy-L-aspartate + succinate + CO2

• Asp-B-Hydro_N (PF05279 )
• Asp_Arg_Hydrox (PF05118 )

• None

• 54-74

ATGGCCCAGCGTAAGAATGCCAAGAGCAGCGGCAACAGCAGCAGCAGCGGCTCCGGCAGC
GGTAGCACGAGTGCGGGCAGCAGCAGCCCCGGGGCCCGGAGAGAGACAAAGCATGGAGGA
CACAAGAATGGGAGGAAAGGCGGACTCTCAGGAACTTCATTCTTCACGTGGTTTATGGTG
ATTGCATTGCTGGGCGTCTGGACATCTGTAGCTGTCGTTTGGTTTGATCTTGTTGACTAT
GAGGAAGTTCTAGGAAAACTAGGAATCTATGATGCTGATGGTGATGGAGATTTTGATGTG
GATGATGCCAAAGTTTTATTAGGACTTAAAGAGAGATCTACTTCAGAGCCAGCAGTCCCG
CCAGAAGAGGCTGAGCCACACACTGAGCCCGAGGAGCAGGTTCCTGTGGAGGCAGAACCC
CAGAATATCGAAGATGAAGCAAAAGAACAAATTCAGTCCCTTCTCCATGAAATGGTACAC
GCAGAACATGTTGAGGGAGAAGACTTGCAACAAGAAGATGGACCCACAGGAGAACCACAA
CAAGAGGATGATGAGTTTCTTATGGCGACTGATGTAGATGATAGATTTGAGACCCTGGAA
CCTGAAGTATCTCATGAAGAAACCGAGCATAGTTACCACGTGGAAGAGACAGTTTCACAA
GACTGTAATCAGGATATGGAAGAGATGATGTCTGAGCAGGAAAATCCAGATTCCAGTGAA
CCAGTAGTAGAAGATGAAAGATTGCACCATGATACAGATGATGTAACATACCAAGTCTAT
GAGGAACAAGCAGTATATGAACCTCTAGAAAATGAAGGGATAGAAATCACAGAAGTAACT
GCTCCCCCTGAGGATAATCCTGTAGAAGATTCACAGGTAATTGTAGAAGAAGTAAGCATT
TTTCCTGTGGAAGAACAGCAGGAAGTACCACCAGAAACAAATAGAAAAACAGATGATCCA
GAACAAAAAGCAAAAGTTAAGAAAAAGAAGCCTAAACTTTTAAATAAATTTGATAAGACT
ATTAAAGCTGAACTTGATGCTGCAGAAAAACTCCGTAAAAGGGGAAAAATTGAGGAAGCA
GTGAATGCATTTAAAGAACTAGTACGCAAATACCCTCAGAGTCCACGAGCAAGATATGGG
AAGGCGCAGTGTGAGGATGATTTGGCTGAGAAGAGGAGAAGTAATGAGGTGCTACGTGGA
GCCATCGAGACCTACCAAGAGGTGGCCAGCCTACCTGATGTCCCTGCAGACCTGCTGAAG
CTGAGTTTGAAGCGTCGCTCAGACAGGCAACAATTTCTAGGTCATATGAGAGGTTCCCTG
CTTACCCTGCAGAGATTAGTTCAACTATTTCCCAATGATACTTCCTTAAAAAATGACCTT
GGCGTGGGATACCTCTTGATAGGAGATAATGACAATGCAAAGAAAGTTTATGAAGAGGTG
CTGAGTGTGACACCTAATGATGGCTTTGCTAAAGTCCATTATGGCTTCATCCTGAAGGCA
CAGAACAAAATTGCTGAGAGCATCCCATATTTAAAGGAAGGAATAGAATCCGGAGATCCT
GGCACTGATGATGGGAGATTTTATTTCCACCTGGGGGATGCCATGCAGAGGGTTGGGAAC
AAAGAGGCATATAAGTGGTATGAGCTTGGGCACAAGAGAGGACACTTTGCATCTGTCTGG
CAACGCTCACTCATCAATGTGAATGGACTGAAAGCACAGCCTTGTGGCCCAAAAGAAACG
GGCTACACACAGTTAGTAAAGTCTTTAGAAAGAAACTGGAAGTTAATCCGAGATGAAGGC
CTTGCAGTGATGGATAAAGCCAAAGGTCTCTTCCTGCCTGAGGATGAAAACCTGAGGGAA
AAAGGGGACTGGAGCCAGTTCACGCTGTGGCAGCAAGGAAGAAGAAATGAAAATGCCTGC
AAAGGAGCTCCTAAAACCTGTACCTTACTAGAAAAGTTCCCCGAGACAACAGGATGCAGA
AGAGGACAGATCAAATATTCCATCATGCACCCCGGGACTCACGTGTGGCCGCACACAGGG
CCCACAAACTGCAGGCTCCGAATGCACCTGGGCTTGGTGATTCCCAAGGAAGGCTGCAAG
ATTCGATGTGCCAACGAGACCAAGACCTGGGAGGAAGGCAAGGTGCTCATCTTTGATGAC
TCCTTTGAGCACGAGGTATGGCAGGATGCCTCATCTTTCCGGCTGATATTCATCGTGGAT
GTGTGGCATCCGGAACTGACACCACAGCAGAGACGCAGCCTTCCAGCAATTTAG

1. Korioth F, Gieffers C, Frey J: Cloning and characterization of the human gene encoding aspartyl beta-hydroxylase. Gene. 1994 Dec 15;150(2):395-9. [PubMed ]
2. Lavaissiere L, Jia S, Nishiyama M, de la Monte S, Stern AM, Wands JR, Friedman PA: Overexpression of human aspartyl(asparaginyl)beta-hydroxylase in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. J Clin Invest. 1996 Sep 15;98(6):1313-23. [PubMed ]

1. Mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier 2
2. Solute carrier family 25 member 13
3. Citrin

MAAAKVALTKRADPAELRTIFLKYASIEKNGEFFMSPNDFVTRYLNIFGESQPNPKTVEL
LSGVVDQTKDGLISFQEFVAFESVLCAPDALFMVAFQLFDKAGKGEVTFEDVKQVFGQTT
IHQHIPFNWDSEFVQLHFGKERKRHLTYAEFTQFLLEIQLEHAKQAFVQRDNARTGRVTA
IDFRDIMVTIRPHVLTPFVEECLVAAAGGTTSHQVSFSYFNGFNSLLNNMELIRKIYSTL
AGTRKDVEVTKEEFVLAAQKFGQVTPMEVDILFQLADLYEPRGRMTLADIERIAPLEEGT
LPFNLAEAQRQKASGDSARPVLLQVAESAYRFGLGSVAGAVGATAVYPIDLVKTRMQNQR
STGSFVGELMYKNSFDCFKKVLRYEGFFGLYRGLLPQLLGVAPEKAIKLTVNDFVRDKFM
HKDGSVPLAAEILAGGCAGGSQVIFTNPLEIVKIRLQVAGEITTGPRVSALSVVRDLGFF
GIYKGAKACFLRDIPFSAIYFPCYAHVKASFANEDGQVSPGSLLLAGAIAGMPAASLVTP
ADVIKTRLQVAARAGQTTYSGVIDCFRKILREEGPKALWKGAGARVFRSSPQFGVTLLTY
ELLQRWFYIDFGGVKPMGSEPVPKSRINLPAPNPDHVGGYKLAVATFAGIENKFGLYLPL
FKPSVSTSKAIGGGP

• efhand (PF00036 )
• Mito_carr (PF00153 )

• None

• 332-349 393-412 436-449 485-504 524-541 581-600

ATGGCGGCCGCCAAGGTGGCTTTAACCAAGAGAGCAGATCCAGCTGAGCTTAGAACAATA
TTTTTGAAGTATGCAAGCATTGAGAAAAACGGTGAATTTTTCATGTCCCCCAATGACTTT
GTCACTCGATACTTGAACATTTTTGGAGAAAGCCAGCCTAATCCAAAGACTGTGGAACTT
TTAAGTGGAGTGGTGGATCAGACCAAAGATGGATTAATATCTTTTCAAGAATTTGTTGCC
TTTGAATCTGTCCTGTGTGCCCCTGATGCTTTGTTTATGGTAGCCTTTCAGCTGTTTGAC
AAAGCTGGCAAAGGAGAAGTAACTTTTGAGGATGTTAAGCAAGTTTTTGGACAGACCACA
ATTCATCAACATATTCCATTTAACTGGGATTCAGAATTTGTGCAACTACATTTTGGAAAA
GAAAGAAAAAGACACCTGACATATGCGGAATTTACTCAGTTTTTATTGGAAATACAACTG
GAGCACGCAAAGCAAGCCTTTGTGCAACGGGACAATGCTAGGACTGGGAGAGTCACAGCC
ATCGACTTCCGAGACATCATGGTCACCATCCGCCCCCATGTCTTGACTCCTTTTGTAGAA
GAATGTCTAGTAGCTGCTGCTGGAGGTACCACATCCCATCAAGTTAGTTTCTCCTATTTT
AATGGATTTAATTCGCTCCTTAACAACATGGAACTCATTAGAAAGATCTATAGCACTCTG
GCTGGCACCAGGAAAGATGTTGAAGTGACTAAGGAGGAGTTTGTTCTGGCAGCTCAGAAA
TTTGGTCAGGTTACACCCATGGAAGTTGACATCTTGTTTCAGTTAGCAGATTTATATGAG
CCAAGGGGACGTATGACCTTAGCAGACATTGAACGGATTGCTCCTCTGGAAGAGGGAACT
CTGCCCTTTAACTTGGCTGAGGCCCAGAGGCAGAAGGCCTCAGGTGATTCAGCTCGACCA
GTTCTTCTACAAGTTGCAGAGTCGGCCTACAGGTTTGGTCTGGGTTCTGTTGCTGGAGCT
GTTGGAGCCACTGCTGTGTATCCTATCGATCTTGTAAAAACTCGAATGCAGAACCAACGA
TCAACTGGCTCTTTTGTGGGAGAACTCATGTATAAAAACAGCTTTGACTGTTTTAAGAAA
GTGCTACGCTATGAAGGCTTCTTTGGACTGTATAGAGGTCTGTTGCCACAGTTATTGGGA
GTTGCCCCAGAGAAGGCCATAAAACTTACAGTGAACGATTTTGTGAGGGATAAATTTATG
CACAAAGATGGTTCGGTCCCACTTGCAGCAGAAATTCTTGCTGGAGGCTGCGCTGGAGGC
TCCCAGGTGATTTTCACAAATCCTTTAGAAATCGTCAAGATCCGTTTGCAAGTGGCAGGA
GAAATCACCACTGGTCCTCGAGTCAGTGCTCTGTCTGTCGTGCGGGACCTGGGGTTTTTT
GGGATCTACAAGGGTGCCAAAGCATGCTTTCTGCGGGACATTCCTTTCTCGGCCATCTAC
TTTCCGTGCTATGCTCATGTGAAGGCTTCCTTTGCAAATGAAGATGGGCAGGTTAGCCCA
GGAAGCCTGCTCTTAGCTGGTGCCATAGCTGGTATGCCTGCAGCATCTTTAGTGACCCCT
GCTGATGTTATCAAGACGAGATTACAGGTGGCTGCCCGGGCTGGCCAAACCACTTACAGC
GGAGTGATAGACTGCTTTAGAAAGATACTGCGTGAAGAAGGACCAAAAGCTCTGTGGAAG
GGAGCTGGTGCTCGTGTATTTCGATCCTCACCCCAGTTTGGTGTAACTTTGCTGACTTAC
GAATTGCTACAGCGATGGTTCTACATTGATTTTGGAGGAGTAAAACCCATGGGATCAGAG
CCAGTTCCTAAATCCAGGATCAACCTGCCTGCCCCGAATCCTGATCACGTTGGGGGCTAC
AAACTGGCAGTTGCTACATTTGCAGGGATTGAAAACAAATTTGGACTTTACCTACCTCTC
TTCAAGCCATCAGTATCTACCTCAAAGGCTATTGGTGGAGGCCCATAG

1. Kobayashi K, Sinasac DS, Iijima M, Boright AP, Begum L, Lee JR, Yasuda T, Ikeda S, Hirano R, Terazono H, Crackower MA, Kondo I, Tsui LC, Scherer SW, Saheki T: The gene mutated in adult-onset type II citrullinaemia encodes a putative mitochondrial carrier protein. Nat Genet. 1999 Jun;22(2):159-63. [PubMed ]
2. Del Arco A, Agudo M, Satrustegui J: Characterization of a second member of the subfamily of calcium-binding mitochondrial carriers expressed in human non-excitable tissues. Biochem J. 2000 Feb 1;345 Pt 3:725-32. [PubMed ]
3. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed ]
4. Sinasac DS, Crackower MA, Lee JR, Kobayashi K, Saheki T, Scherer SW, Tsui LC: Genomic structure of the adult-onset type II citrullinemia gene, SLC25A13, and cloning and expression of its mouse homologue. Genomics. 1999 Dec 1;62(2):289-92. [PubMed ]
5. Palmieri L, Pardo B, Lasorsa FM, del Arco A, Kobayashi K, Iijima M, Runswick MJ, Walker JE, Saheki T, Satrustegui J, Palmieri F: Citrin and aralar1 are Ca(2+)-stimulated aspartate/glutamate transporters in mitochondria. EMBO J. 2001 Sep 17;20(18):5060-9. [PubMed ]
6. Yamaguchi N, Kobayashi K, Yasuda T, Nishi I, Iijima M, Nakagawa M, Osame M, Kondo I, Saheki T: Screening of SLC25A13 mutations in early and late onset patients with citrin deficiency and in the Japanese population: Identification of two novel mutations and establishment of multiple DNA diagnosis methods for nine mutations. Hum Mutat. 2002 Feb;19(2):122-30. [PubMed ]

MASSTPSSSATSSNAGADPNTTNLRPTTYDTWCGVAHGCTRKLGLKICGFLQRTNSLEEK
SRLVSAFKERQSSKNLLSCENSDRDARFRRTETDFSNLFARDLLPAKNGEEQTVQFLLEV
VDILLNYVRKTFDRSTKVLDFHHPHQLLEGMEGFNLELSDHPESLEQILVDCRDTLKYGV
RTGHPRFFNQLSTGLDIIGLAGEWLTSTANTNMFTYEIAPVFVLMEQITLKKMREIVGWS
SKDGDGIFSPGGAISNMYSIMAARYKYFPEVKTKGMAAVPKLVLFTSEQSHYSIKKAGAA
LGFGTDNVILIKCNERGKIIPADFEAKILEAKQKGYVPFYVNATAGTTVYGAFDPIQEIA
DICEKYNLWLHVDAAWGGGLLMSRKHRHKLNGIERANSVTWNPHKMMGVLLQCSAILVKE
KGILQGCNQMCAGYLFQPDKQYDVSYDTGDKAIQCGRHVDIFKFWLMWKAKGTVGFENQI
NKCLELAEYLYAKIKNREEFEMVFNGEPEHTNVCFWYIPQSLRGVPDSPQRREKLHKVAP
KIKALMMESGTTMVGYQPQGDKANFFRMVISNPAATQSDIDFLIEEIERLGQDL

• Pyridoxal_deC (PF00282 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGTCTTCGACCCCATCTTCGTCCGCAACCTCCTCGAACGCGGGAGCGGACCCCAAT
ACCACTAACCTGCGCCCCACAACGTACGATACCTGGTGCGGCGTGGCCCATGGATGCACC
AGAAAACTGGGGCTCAAGATCTGCGGCTTCTTGCAAAGGACCAACAGCCTGGAAGAGAAG
AGTCGCCTTGTGAGTGCCTTCAAGGAGAGGCAATCCTCCAAGAACCTGCTTTCCTGTGAA
AACAGCGACCGGGATGCCCGCTTCCGGCGCACAGAGACTGACTTCTCTAATCTGTTTGCT
AGAGATCTGCTTCCGGCTAAGAACGGTGAGGAGCAAACCGTGCAATTCCTCCTGGAAGTG
GTGGACATACTCCTCAACTATGTCCGCAAGACATTTGATCGCTCCACCAAGGTGCTGGAC
TTTCATCACCCACACCAGTTGCTGGAAGGCATGGAGGGCTTCAACTTGGAGCTCTCTGAC
CACCCCGAGTCCCTGGAGCAGATCCTGGTTGACTGCAGAGACACCTTGAAGTATGGGGTT
CGCACAGGTCATCCTCGATTTTTCAACCAGCTCTCCACTGGATTGGATATTATTGGCCTA
GCTGGAGAATGGCTGACATCAACGGCCAATACCAACATGTTTACATATGAAATTGCACCA
GTGTTTGTCCTCATGGAACAAATAACACTTAAGAAGATGAGAGAGATAGTTGGATGGTCA
AGTAAAGATGGTGATGGGATATTTTCTCCTGGGGGCGCCATATCCAACATGTACAGCATC
ATGGCTGCTCGCTACAAGTACTTCCCGGAAGTTAAGACAAAGGGCATGGCGGCTGTGCCT
AAACTGGTCCTCTTCACCTCAGAACAGAGTCACTATTCCATAAAGAAAGCTGGGGCTGCA
CTTGGCTTTGGAACTGACAATGTGATTTTGATAAAGTGCAATGAAAGGGGGAAAATAATT
CCAGCTGATTTTGAGGCAAAAATTCTTGAAGCCAAACAGAAGGGATATGTTCCCTTTTAT
GTCAATGCAACTGCTGGCACGACTGTTTATGGAGCTTTTGATCCGATACAAGAGATTGCA
GATATATGTGAGAAATATAACCTTTGGTTGCATGTCGATGCTGCCTGGGGAGGTGGGCTG
CTCATGTCCAGGAAGCACCGCCATAAACTCAACGGCATAGAAAGGGCCAACTCAGTCACC
TGGAACCCTCACAAGATGATGGGCGTGCTGTTGCAGTGCTCTGCCATTCTCGTCAAGGAA
AAGGGTATACTCCAAGGATGCAACCAGATGTGTGCAGGATACCTCTTCCAGCCAGACAAG
CAGTATGATGTCTCCTACGACACCGGGGACAAGGCAATTCAGTGTGGCCGCCACGTGGAT
ATCTTCAAGTTCTGGCTGATGTGGAAAGCAAAGGGCACAGTGGGATTTGAAAACCAGATC
AACAAATGCCTGGAACTGGCTGAATACCTCTATGCCAAGATTAAAAACAGAGAAGAATTT
GAGATGGTTTTCAATGGCGAGCCTGAGCACACAAACGTCTGTTTTTGGTATATTCCACAA
AGCCTCAGGGGTGTGCCAGACAGCCCTCAACGACGGGAAAAGCTACACAAGGTGGCTCCA
AAAATCAAAGCCCTGATGATGGAGTCAGGTACGACCATGGTTGGCTACCAGCCCCAAGGG
GACAAGGCCAACTTCTTCCGGATGGTCATCTCCAACCCAGCCGCTACCCAGTCTGACATT
GACTTCCTCATTGAGGAGATAGAAAGACTGGGCCAGGATCTGTAA

1. Mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier 1
2. Solute carrier family 25 member 12

MAVKVQTTKRGDPHELRNIFLQYASTEVDGERYMTPEDFVQRYLGLYNDPNSNPKIVQLL
AGVADQTKDGLISYQEFLAFESVLCAPDSMFIVAFQLFDKSGNGEVTFENVKEIFGQTII
HHHIPFNWDCEFIRLHFGHNRKKHLNYTEFTQFLQELQLEHARQAFALKDKSKSGMISGL
DFSDIMVTIRSHMLTPFVEENLVSAAGGSISHQVSFSYFNAFNSLLNNMELVRKIYSTLA
GTRKDVEVTKEEFAQSAIRYGQVTPLEIDILYQLADLYNASGRLTLADIERIAPLAEGAL
PYNLAELQRQQSPGLGRPIWLQIAESAYRFTLGSVAGAVGATAVYPIDLVKTRMQNQRGS
GSVVGELMYKNSFDCFKKVLRYEGFFGLYRGLIPQLIGVAPEKAIKLTVNDFVRDKFTRR
DGSVPLPAEVLAGGCAGGSQVIFTNPLEIVKIRLQVAGEITTGPRVSALNVLRDLGIFGL
YKGAKACFLRDIPFSAIYFPVYAHCKLLLADENGHVGGLNLLAAGAMAGVPAASLVTPAD
VIKTRLQVAARAGQTTYSGVIDCFRKILREEGPSAFWKGTAARVFRSSPQFGVTLAHYEV
LQRWFYIDFGGLKPAGSEPTPKSRIADLPPANPDHIGGYRLATATFAGIENKFGLYLPKF
KSPSVAVVQPKAAVAATQ

• efhand (PF00036 )
• Mito_carr (PF00153 )

• 330-347 391-410 434-447 483-502 522-539 579-598

ATGGCGGTCAAGGTGCAGACAACTAAGCGAGGGGATCCTCATGAGTTAAGAAACATATTT
CTACAGTATGCCAGTACTGAGGTTGATGGAGAGCGTTACATGACCCCAGAAGACTTTGTT
CAGCGCTATCTTGGACTGTATAATGATCCAAATAGTAACCCAAAGATCGTGCAGCTCTTG
GCAGGAGTAGCTGATCAAACCAAGGATGGGTTGATCTCCTATCAAGAGTTTTTGGCATTT
GAATCTGTTTTATGTGCTCCAGATTCCATGTTCATAGTGGCTTTCCAGTTGTTTGACAAG
AGTGGAAATGGAGAGGTGACATTTGAAAATGTCAAAGAAATTTTTGGACAGACTATTATT
CATCATCATATCCCTTTTAACTGGGATTGTGAATTTATCCGACTGCATTTTGGGCATAAC
CGGAAGAAGCATCTTAACTACACAGAATTCACGCAGTTTCTCCAGGAGCTGCAATTGGAA
CATGCAAGACAAGCCTTTGCACTCAAAGACAAAAGCAAAAGTGGCATGATTTCTGGTCTG
GATTTCAGTGACATCATGGTTACCATTAGATCTCACATGCTTACTCCTTTTGTGGAGGAG
AACTTAGTTTCAGCAGCTGGAGGAAGTATCTCACACCAGGTTAGCTTCTCCTACTTCAAT
GCATTTAACTCGTTACTGAATAACATGGAGCTTGTTCGTAAGATATATAGCACTCTAGCT
GGCACAAGGAAAGATGTTGAAGTCACAAAGGAGGAATTTGCCCAGAGTGCCATACGCTAT
GGACAAGTCACACCACTAGAAATTGATATTCTATATCAGCTTGCAGACTTATATAATGCT
TCAGGGCGCTTGACTTTGGCAGATATTGAGAGAATAGCCCCATTGGCTGAGGGGGCCTTA
CCTTACAACCTGGCAGAACTTCAGAGACAGCAGTCTCCTGGGTTAGGCAGGCCTATCTGG
CTCCAGATTGCCGAGTCTGCTTACAGATTCACTCTGGGCTCAGTTGCTGGAGCTGTGGGA
GCCACTGCAGTGTATCCTATAGATCTGGTGAAGACCCGAATGCAAAACCAGCGTGGCTCT
GGCTCTGTTGTTGGGGAGCTAATGTACAAAAACAGCTTTGACTGTTTTAAGAAAGTCTTG
CGTTATGAGGGCTTCTTTGGACTCTACAGGGGTCTGATACCACAACTTATAGGGGTTGCT
CCAGAAAAGGCCATTAAACTGACTGTTAATGATTTTGTTCGGGACAAATTTACCAGAAGA
GATGGCTCTGTTCCACTTCCAGCAGAAGTTCTTGCTGGAGGCTGTGCTGGAGGCTCTCAG
GTCATTTTTACCAACCCATTGGAGATAGTGAAGATTCGTCTGCAAGTAGCTGGAGAGATC
ACCACGGGACCCAGAGTCAGCGCCCTGAATGTGCTCCGGGACTTGGGAATTTTTGGTCTG
TATAAGGGTGCCAAAGCGTGTTTCCTCCGAGACATTCCCTTCTCTGCAATCTATTTTCCT
GTTTATGCTCATTGCAAACTACTTCTGGCTGATGAAAATGGACACGTGGGAGGTTTAAAT
CTTCTTGCAGCTGGAGCCATGGCAGGTGTCCCAGCTGCATCTCTGGTGACCCCTGCTGAT
GTCATCAAGACAAGACTGCAGGTGGCTGCCCGCGCTGGCCAGACGACATACAGTGGTGTC
ATCGACTGTTTCAGGAAGATTCTCCGGGAAGAAGGGCCCTCAGCATTTTGGAAAGGGACT
GCAGCTCGAGTGTTTCGATCCTCTCCCCAGTTTGGTGTTACCTTGGCTCATTATGAAGTT
CTCCAGCGGTGGTTTTACATTGATTTTGGAGGCCTCAAACCCGCTGGTTCAGAACCAACA
CCTAAGTCACGCATTGCAGACCTTCCTCCTGCCAACCCTGATCACATCGGTGGATACAGA
CTCGCCACAGCCACGTTTGCAGGCATCGAAAACAAATTTGGCCTTTATCTCCCGAAATTT
AAGTCTCCTAGTGTTGCTGTGGTTCAGCCAAAGGCAGCAGTGGCAGCCACTCAGTGA

1. del Arco A, Satrustegui J: Molecular cloning of Aralar, a new member of the mitochondrial carrier superfamily that binds calcium and is present in human muscle and brain. J Biol Chem. 1998 Sep 4;273(36):23327-34. [PubMed ]
2. Kobayashi K, Sinasac DS, Iijima M, Boright AP, Begum L, Lee JR, Yasuda T, Ikeda S, Hirano R, Terazono H, Crackower MA, Kondo I, Tsui LC, Scherer SW, Saheki T: The gene mutated in adult-onset type II citrullinaemia encodes a putative mitochondrial carrier protein. Nat Genet. 1999 Jun;22(2):159-63. [PubMed ]
3. Palmieri L, Pardo B, Lasorsa FM, del Arco A, Kobayashi K, Iijima M, Runswick MJ, Walker JE, Saheki T, Satrustegui J, Palmieri F: Citrin and aralar1 are Ca(2+)-stimulated aspartate/glutamate transporters in mitochondria. EMBO J. 2001 Sep 17;20(18):5060-9. [PubMed ]

MAALVLEDGSVLRGQPFGAAVSTAGEVVFQTGMVGYPEALTDPSYKAQILVLTYPLIGNY
GIPPDEMDEFGLCKWFESSGIHVAALVVGECCPTPSHWSATRTLHEWLQQHGIPGLQGVD
TRELTKKLREQGSLLGKLVQNGTEPSSLPFLDPNARPLVPEVSIKTPRVFNTGGAPRILA
LDCGLKYNQIRCLCQRGAEVTVVPWDHALDSQEYEGLFLSNGPGDPASYPSVVSTLSRVL
SEPNPRPVFGICLGHQLLALAIGAKTYKMRYGNRGHNQPCLLVGSGRCFLTSQNHGFAVE
TDSLPADWAPLFTNANDGSNEGIVHNSLPFFSVQFHPEHQAGPSDMELLFDIFLETVKEA
TAGNPGGQTVRERLTERLCPPGIPTPGSGLPPPRKVLILGSGGLSIGQAGEFDYSGSQAI
KALKEENIQTLLINPNIATVQTSQGLADKVYFLPITPHYVTQVIRNERPDGVLLTFGGQT
ALNCGVELTKAGVLARYGVRVLGTPVETIELTEDRRAFAARMAEIGEHVAPSEAANSLEQ
AQAAAERLGYPVLVRAAFALGGLGSGFASNREELSALVAPAFAHTSQVLVDKSLKGWKEI
EYEVVRDAYGNCVTVCNMENLDPLGIHTGESIVVAPSQTLNDREYQLLRQTAIKVTQHLG
IVGECNVQYALNPESEQYYIIEVNARLSRSSALASKATGYPLAYVAAKLALGIPLPELRN
SVTGGTAAFEPSVDYCVVKIPRWDLSKFLRVSTKIGSCMKSVGEVMGIGRSFEEAFQKAL
RMVDENCVGFDHTVKPVSDMELETPTDKRIFVVAAALWAGYSVDRLYELTRIDRWFLHRM
KRIIAHAQLLEQHRGQPLPPDLLQQAKCLGFSDKQIALAVLSTELAVRKLRQELGICPAV
KQIDTVAAEWPAQTNYLYLTYWGTTHDLTFRTPHVLVLGSGVYRIGSSVEFDWCAVGCIQ
QLRKMGYKTIMVNYNPETVSTDYDMCDRLYFDEISFEVVMDIYELENPEGVILSMGGQLP
NNMAMALHRQQCRVLGTSPEAIDSAENRFKFSRLLDTIGISQPQWRELSDLESARQFCQT
VGYPCVVRPSYVLSGAAMNVAYTDGDLERFLSSAAAVSKEHPVVISKFIQEAKEIDVDAV
ASDGVVAAIAISEHVENAGVHSGDATLVTPPQDITAKTLERIKAIVHAVGQELQVTGPFN
LQLIAKDDQLKVIECNVRVSRSFPFVSKTLGVDLVALATRVIMGEEVEPVGLMTGSGVVG
VKVPQFSFSRLAGADVVLGVEMTSTGEVAGFGESRCEAYLKAMLSTGFKIPKKNILLTIG
SYKNKSELLPTVRLLESLGYSLYASLGTADFYTEHGVKVTAVDWHFEEAVDGECPPQRSI
LEQLAEKNFELVINLSMRGAGGRRLSSFVTKGYRTRRLAADFSVPLIIDIKCTKLFVEAL
GQIGPAPPLKVHVDCMTSQKLVRLPGLIDVHVHLREPGGTHKEDFASGTAAALAGGITMV
CAMPNTRPPIIDAPALALAQKLAEAGARCDFALFLGASSENAGTLGTVAGSAAGLKLYLN
ETFSELRLDSVVQWMEHFETWPSHLPIVAHAEQQTVAAVLMVAQLTQRSVHICHVARKEE
ILLIKAAKARGLPVTCEVAPHHLFLSHDDLERLGPGKGEVRPELGSRQDVEALWENMAVI
DCFASDHAPHTLEEKCGSRPPPGFPGLETMLPLLLTAVSEGRLSLDDLLQRLHHNPRRIF
HLPPQEDTYVEVDLEHEWTIPSHMPFSKAHWTPFEGQKVKGTVRRVVLRGEVAYIDGQVL
VPPGYGQDVRKWPQGAVPQLPPSAPATSEMTTTPERPRRGIPGLPDGRFHLPPRIHRASD
PGLPAEEPKEKSSRKVAEPELMGTPDGTCYPPPPVPRQASPQNLGTPGLLHPQTSPLLHS
LVGQHILSVQQFTKDQMSHLFNVAHTLRMMVQKERSLDILKGKVMASMFYEVSTRTSSSF
AAAMARLGGAVLSFSEATSSVQKGESLADSVQTMSCYADVVVLRHPQPGAVELAAKHCRR
PVINAGDGVGEHPTQALLDIFTIREELGTVNGMTITMVGDLKHGRTVHSLACLLTQYRVS
LRYVAPPSLRMPPTVRAFVASRGTKQEEFESIEEALPDTDVLYMTRIQKERFGSTQEYEA
CFGQFILTPHIMTRAKKKMVVMHPMPRVNEISVEVDSDPRAAYFRQAENGMYIRMALLAT
VLGRF

• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• 2 ATP + L-glutamine + CO2 + H2O = 2 ADP + phosphate + L-glutamate + carbamoyl phosphate

• Amidohydro_1 (PF01979 )
• CPSase_L_chain (PF00289 )
• CPSase_L_D2 (PF02786 )
• CPSase_L_D3 (PF02787 )
• CPSase_sm_chain (PF00988 )
• GATase (PF00117 )
• MGS (PF02142 )
• OTCace (PF00185 )
• OTCace_N (PF02729 )

ATGGCGGCCCTAGTGTTGGAGGACGGGTCGGTCCTGCGGGGCCAGCCCTTTGGGGCCGCC
GTGTCGACTGCCGGGGAAGTGGTGTTTCAAACCGGCATGGTCGGCTACCCCGAGGCCCTC
ACTGATCCCTCCTACAAGGCACAGATCTTAGTGCTCACCTATCCTCTGATCGGCAACTAT
GGCATCCCCCCAGATGAAATGGATGAGTTCGGTCTCTGCAAGTGGTTTGAATCCTCGGGC
ATCCACGTAGCAGCACTGGTAGTGGGAGAGTGCTGTCCTACTCCCAGCCACTGGAGTGCC
ACCCGCACCCTGCATGAGTGGCTGCAGCAGCATGGCATCCCTGGCTTGCAAGGAGTAGAC
ACTCGGGAGCTGACCAAGAAGTTGCGGGAACAGGGGTCTCTGCTGGGGAAGCTGGTCCAG
AATGGAACAGAACCTTCATCCCTGCCATTCTTGGACCCCAATGCCCGCCCCCTGGTACCA
GAGGTCTCCATTAAGACTCCACGGGTATTCAATACAGGGGGTGCCCCTCGGATCCTTGCT
TTGGACTGTGGCCTCAAGTATAATCAGATCCGATGCCTCTGCCAGCGTGGGGCTGAGGTC
ACTGTGGTACCCTGGGACCATGCACTAGACAGCCAAGAGTATGAGGGTCTCTTCTTAAGT
AATGGGCCTGGTGACCCTGCCTCCTATCCCAGTGTCGTATCCACACTGAGCCGTGTTTTA
TCTGAGCCTAATCCCCGACCTGTCTTTGGGATCTGCCTGGGACACCAGCTATTGGCCTTA
GCCATTGGGGCCAAGACTTACAAGATGAGATATGGGAACCGAGGCCATAACCAGCCCTGC
TTGTTGGTGGGCTCTGGGCGCTGCTTTCTGACATCCCAGAACCATGGGTTTGCTGTGGAG
ACAGACTCACTGCCAGCAGACTGGGCTCCTCTCTTCACCAACGCCAATGATGGTTCCAAT
GAAGGCATTGTGCACAACAGCTTGCCTTTCTTCAGTGTCCAGTTTCACCCAGAGCACCAA
GCTGGCCCTTCAGATATGGAACTGCTTTTCGATATCTTTCTGGAAACTGTGAAAGAGGCC
ACAGCTGGGAACCCTGGGGGCCAGACAGTTAGAGAGCGGCTGACTGAGCGCCTCTGTCCC
CCTGGGATTCCCACTCCCGGCTCTGGACTTCCACCACCACGAAAGGTTCTGATCCTGGGC
TCAGGGGGCCTCTCCATTGGCCAAGCTGGAGAATTTGACTACTCGGGCTCTCAGGCAATT
AAGGCCCTGAAGGAGGAAAACATCCAGACGTTGCTGATCAACCCCAATATTGCCACAGTG
CAGACCTCCCAGGGGCTGGCCGACAAGGTCTATTTTCTTCCCATAACACCTCATTATGTA
ACCCAGGTGATACGTAATGAACGCCCCGATGGTGTGTTACTGACTTTTGGGGGCCAGACT
GCTCTGAACTGTGGTGTGGAGCTGACCAAGGCCGGGGTGCTGGCTCGGTATGGGGTCCGG
GTCCTGGGCACAACAGTGGAGACCATTGAGCTGACCGAGGATCGACGGGCCTTTGCTGCC
AGAATGGCAGAGATCGGAGAGCATGTGGCCCCGAGCGAGGCAGGAAATTCTCTTGAACAG
GCCCAGGCAGCCGCTGAACGGCTGGGGTACCCTGTGCTAGTGCGTGCAGCCTTTGCCGTG
GGTGGCCTGGGCTCTGGCTTTGCCTCTAACAGGGAGGAGCTCTCTGCTCTCGTGGCCCCA
GCTTTTGCCCATACCAGCCAAGTGCTAGTAGACAAGTCTCTGAAGGGATGGAAGGAGATT
GAGTACGAGGTGGTGAGAGACGCCTATGGCAACTGTGTCACGGTGTGTAACATGGAGAAC
TTGGACCCACTGGGCATCCACACTGGTGAGTCCATAGTGGTGGCCCCTAGCCAGACACTG
AATGACAGGGAGTATCAGCTCCTGAGGCAGACAGCTATCAAGGTGACCCAGCACCTGGGA
ATTGTTGGGGAGTGCAATGTGCAGTATGCCTTGAACCCTGAGTCTGAGCAGTATTACATC
ATTGAAGTGAATGCCAGGCTCTCTCGCAGCTCTGCCCTGGCCAGTAAGGCCACAGGTTAT
CCACTGGCTTATGTGGCAGCCAAGCTAGCATTGGGCATCCCTTTGCCTGAGCTCAGGAAC
TCTGTGACAGGGGGTACAGCAGCCTTTGAACCCAGCGTGGATTATTGTGTGGTGAAGATT
CCTCGATGGGACCTTAGCAAGTTCCTGCGAGTCAGCACAAAGATTGGGAGCTGCATGAAG
AGCGTTGGTGAAGTCATGGGCATTGGGCGTTCATTTGAGGAGGCCTTCCAGAAGGCCCTG
CGCATGGTGGATGAGAACTGTGTGGGCTTTGATCACACAGTGAAACCAGTCAGCGATATG
GAGTTGGAGACTCCAACAGATAAGCGGATTTTTGTGGTGGCAGCTGCTTTGTGGGCTGGT
TATTCAGTGGACCGCCTGTATGAGCTCACACGCATCGACCGCTGGTTCCTGCACCGAATG
AAGCGTATCATCGCACATGCCCAGCTGCTAGAACAACACCGTGGACAGCCTTTGCCGCCA
GACCTGCTGCAACAGGCCAAGTGTCTTGGCTTCTCAGACAAACAGATTGCCCTTGCAGTT
CTGAGCACAGAGCTGGCTGTTCGCAAGCTGCGTCAGGAACTGGGGATCTGTCCAGCAGTG
AAACAGATTGACACAGTTGCAGCTGAGTGGCCAGCCCAGACAAATTACCTATACCTAACG
TATTGGGGCACCACCCATGACCTCACCTTTCGAACACCTCATGTCCTAGTCCTTGGCTCT
GGCGTCTACCGTATTGGCTCCAGTGTTGAGTTTGACTGGTGTGCTGTAGGCTGCATCCAG
CAGCTCCGAAAGATGGGATATAAGACCATCATGGTGAACTATAACCCAGAGACAGTCAGC
ACCGACTATGACATGTGTGATCGACTCTACTTTGATGAGATCTCTTTTGAGGTGGTGATG
GACATCTATGAGCTCGAGAACCCTGAAGGTGTGATCCTATCCATGGGTGGACAGCTGCCC
AACAACATGGCCATGGCGTTGCATCGGCAGCAGTGCCGGGTGCTGGGCACCTCCCCTGAA
GCCATTGACTCGGCTGAGAACCGTTTCAAGTTTTCCCGGCTCCTTGACACCATTGGTATC
AGCCAGCCTCAGTGGAGGGAGCTCAGTGACCTCGAGTCTGCTCGCCAATTCTGCCAGACC
GTGGGGTACCCCTGTGTGGTGCGCCCCTCCTATGTGCTGAGCGGTGCTGCTATGAATGTG
GCCTACGCGGATGGAGACCTGGAGCGCTTCCTGAGCAGCGCAGCAGCCGTCTCCAAAGAG
CATCCCGTGGTCATCTCCAAGTTCATCCAGGAGGCTAAGGAGATTGACGTGGATGCCGTG
GCCTCTGATGGTGTGGTGGCAGCCATCGCCATCTCTGAGCATGTGGAGAATGCAGGTGTG
CATTCAGGTGATGCGACGCTGGTGACCCCCCCACAAGATATCACTGCCAAAACCCTGGAG
CGGATCAAAGCCATTGTGCATGCTGTGGGCCAGGAGCTACAGGTCACAGGACCCTTCAAT
CTGCAGCTCATTGCCAAGGATGACCAGCTGAAAGTTATTGAATGCAACGTACGTGTCTCT
CGCTCCTTCCCCTTCGTTTCCAAGACACTGGGTGTGGACCTAGTAGCCTTGGCCACGCGG
GTCATCATGGGGGAAGAAGTGGAACCTGTGGGGCTAATGACTGGTTCTGGAGTCGTGGGA
GTAAAGGTGCCTCAGTTCTCCTTCTCCCGCTTGGCGGGTGCTGACGTGGTGTTGGGTGTG
GAAATGACCAGTACTGGGGAGGTGGCCGGCTTTGGGGAGAGCCGCTGTGAGGCATACCTC
AAGGCCATGCTAAGCACTGGCTTTAAGATCCCCAAGAAGAATATCCTGCTGACCATTGGC
AGCTATAAGAACAAAAGCGAGCTGCTCCCAACTGTGCGGCTACTGGAGAGCCTGGGCTAC
AGCCTCTATGCCAGTCTCGGCACAGCTGACTTCTACACTGAGCATGGCGTCAAGGTAACA
GCTGTGGACTGGCACTTTGAGGAGGCTGTGGATGGTGAGTGCCCACCACAGCGGAGCATC
CTGGAGCAGCTAGCTGAGAAAAACTTTGAGCTGGTGATTAACCTGTCAATGCGTGGAGCT
GGGGGCCGGCGTCTCTCCTCCTTTGTCACCAAGGGCTACCGCACCCGACGCTTGGCCGCT
GACTTCTCCGTGCCCCTAATCATCGATATCAAGTGCACCAAACTCTTTGTGGAGGCCCTA
GGCCAGATCGGGCCAGCCCCTCCTTTGAAGGTGCATGTTGACTGTATGACCTCCCAAAAG
CTTGTGCGACTGCCGGGATTGATTGATGTCCATGTGCACCTGCGGGAACCAGGTGGGACA
CATAAGGAGGACTTTGCTTCAGGCACAGCCGCTGCCCTGGCTGGGGGTATCACCATGGTG
TGTGCCATGCCTAATACCCGGCCCCCCATCATTGACGGCCCTGCTCTGGCCCTGGCCCAG
AAGCTGGCAGAGGCTGGCGCCCGGTGCGACTTTGCGCTATTCCTTGGGGCCTCGTCTGAA
AATGCAGGAACCTTGGGCACCGTGGCCGGGTCTGCAGCCGGGCTGAAGCTTTACCTCAAT
GAGACCTTCTCTGAGCTGCGGCTGGACAGCGTGGTCCAGTGGATGGAGCATTTCGAGACA
TGGCCCTCCCACCTCCCCATTGTGGCTCACGCAGAGCAGCAAACCGTGGCTGCTGTCCTC
ATGGTGGCTCAGCTCACTCAGCGCTCAGTGCACATATGTCACGTGGCACGGAAGGAGGAG
ATCCTGCTAATTAAAGCTGCAAAGGCACGGGGCTTGCCAGTGACCTGCGAGGTGGCTCCC
CACCACCTGTTCCTAAGCCATGATGACCTGGAGCGCCTGGGGCCTGGGAAGGGGGAGGTC
CGGCCTGAGCTTGGCTCCCGCCAGGATGTGGAAGCCCTGTGGGAGGACATGGCTGTCATC
GACTGCTTTGCCTCAGACCATGCTCCCCATACCTTGGAGGAGAAGTGTGGGTCCAGGCCC
CCACCTGGGTTCCCAGGGTTAGAGACCATGCTGCCACTACTCCTGACGGCTGTAAGCGAG
GGCCGGCTCAGCCTGGACGACCTGCTGCAGCGATTGCACCACAATCCTCGGCGCATCTTT
CACCTGCCCCCGCAGGAGGACACCTATGTGGAGGTGGATCTGGAGCATGAGTGGACAATT
CCCAGCCACATGCCCTTCTCCAAGGCCCACTGGACACCTTTTGAAGGGCAGAAAGTGAAG
GGCACCGTCCGCCGTGTGGTCCTGCGAGGGGAGGTTGCCTATATCGATGGGCAGGTTCTG
GTACCCCCGGGCTATGGACAGGATGTACGGAAGTGGCCACAGGGGGCTGTTCCTCAGCTC
CCACCCTCAGCCCCTGCCACTAGTGAGATGACCACGACACCTGAAAGACCCCGCCGTGGC
ATCCCAGGGCTTCCTGATGGCCGCTTCCATCTGCCGCCCCGAATCCATCGAGCCTCCGAC
CCAGGTTTGCCAGCTGAGGAGCCAAAGGAGAAGTCCTCTCGGAAGGTAGCCGAGCCAGAG
CTGATGGGAACCCCTGATGGCACCTGCTACCCTCCACCACCAGTACCGAGACAGGCATCT
CCCCAGAACCTGGGGACCCCTGGCTTGCTGCACCCCCAGACCTCACCCCTGCTGCACTCA
TTAGTGGGCCAACATATCCTGTCCGTCCAGCAGTTCACCAAGGATCAGATGTCTCACCTG
TTCAATGTGGCACACACACTGCGTATGATGGTGCAGAAGGAGCGGAGCCTCGACATCCTG
AAGGGGAAGGTCATGGCCTCCATGTTCTATGAAGTGAGCACACGGACCAGCAGCTCCTTT
GCAGCAGCCATGGCCCGGCTGGGAGGTGCTGTGCTCAGCTTCTCGGAAGCCACATCGTCC
GTCCAGAAGGGCGAATCCCTGGCTGACTCCGTGCAGACCATGAGCTGCTATGCCGACGTC
GTCGTGCTCCGGCACCCCCAGCCTGGAGCAGTGGAGCTGGCCGCCAAGCACTGCCGGAGG
CCAGTGATCAATGCTGGGGATGGGGTCGGAGAGCACCCCACCCAGGCCCTGCTGGACATC
TTCACCATCCGTGAGGAGCTGGGAACTGTCAATGGCATGACGATCACGATGGTGGGTGAC
CTGAAGCACGGACGCACAGTACATTCCCTGGCCTGCCTGCTCACCCAGTATCGTGTCAGC
CTGCGCTACGTGGCACCTCCCAGCCTGCGCATGCCACCCACTGTGCGGGCCTTCGTGGCC
TCCCGCGGCACCAAGCAGGAGGAATTCGAGAGCATTGAGGAGGCGCTGCCTGACACTGAT
GTGCTCTACATGACTCGAATCCAGAAGGAACGATTTGGCTCTACCCAGGAGTACGAAGCT
TGCTTTGGTCAGTTCATCCTCACTCCCCACATCATGACCCGGGCCAAGAAGAAGATGGTG
GTGATGCACCCGATGCCCCGTGTCAACGAGATAAGCGTGGAAGTGGACTCGGATCCCCGC
GCAGCCTACTTCCGCCAGGCTGAGAACGGCATGTACATCCGCATGGCTCTGTTAGCCACC
GTGCTGGGCCGTTTCTAG

1. Iwahana H, Fujimura M, Ii S, Kondo M, Moritani M, Takahashi Y, Yamaoka T, Yoshimoto K, Itakura M: Molecular cloning of a human cDNA encoding a trifunctional enzyme of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase-aspartate transcarbamoylase-dihydroorotase in de Novo pyrimidine synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Feb 6;219(1):249-55. [PubMed ]
2. Davidson JN, Rao GN, Niswander L, Andreano C, Tamer C, Chen KC: Organization and nucleotide sequence of the 3' end of the human CAD gene. DNA Cell Biol. 1990 Nov;9(9):667-76. [PubMed ]

1. L-asparagine amidohydrolase
2. Asparaginase-like protein 1

MNPIVVVHGGGAGPISKDRKERVHQGMVRAATVGYGILREGGSAVDAVEGAVVALEDDPE
FNAGCGSVLNTNGEVEMDASIMDGKDLSAGAVSAVQCIANPIKLARLVMEKTPHCFLTDQ
GAAQFAAAMGVPEIPGEKLVTERNKKRLEKEKHEKGAQKTDCQKNLGTVGAVALDCKGNV
AYATSTGGIVNKMVGRVGDSPCLGAGGYADNDIGAVSTTGHGESILKVNLARLTLFHIEQ
GKTVEEAADLSLGYMKSRVKGLGGLIVVSKTGDWVAKWTSTSMPWAAAKDGKLHFGIDPD
DTTITDLP

• Cyanoamino acid metabolism (map00460 )
• Nitrogen Metabolism (map00910 )

• L-Asparagine + H2O --> L-Aspartate + Ammonium

• Asparaginase_2 (PF01112 )

• None

• None

1. Bush LA, Herr JC, Wolkowicz M, Sherman NE, Shore A, Flickinger CJ: A novel asparaginase-like protein is a sperm autoantigen in rats. Mol Reprod Dev. 2002 Jun;62(2):233-47. [PubMed ]

1. Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, isoform CRA_a

MPSASASRKSQEKPREIMDAAEDYAKERYGISSMIQSQEKPDRVLVRVRDLTIQKADEVV
WVRARVHTSRAKGKQCFLVLRQQQFNVQALVAVGDHASKQMVKFAANINKESIVDVEGVV
RKVNQKIGSCTQQDVELHVQKIYVISLAEPRLPLQLDDAVRPEAEGEEEGRATVNQDTRL
DNRVIDLRTSTSQAVFRLQSGICHLFRETLINKGFVEIQTPKIISAASEGGANVFTVSYF
KNNAYLAQSPQLYKQMCICADFEKVFSIGPVFRAEDSNTHRHLTEFVGLDIEMAFNYHYH
EVMEEIADTMVQIFKGLQERFQTEIQTVNKQFPCEPFKFLEPTLRLEYCEALAMLREAGV
EMGDEDDLSTPNEKLLGHLVKEKYDTDFYILDKYPLAVRPFYTMPDPRNPKQSNSYDMFM
RGEEILSGAQRIHDPQLLTERALHHGIDLEKIKAYIDSFRFGAPPHAGGGIGLERVTMLF
LGLHNVRQTSMFPRDPKRLTP

• None

• None

1. Aspartate--tRNA ligase
2. AspRS

MYFPSWLSQLYRGLSRPIRRTTQPIWGSLYRSLLQSSQRRIPEFSSFVVRTNTCGELRSS
HLGQEVTLCGWIQYRRQNTFLVLRDFDGLVQVIIPQDESAASVKKILCEAPVESVVQVSG
TVISRPAGQENPKMPTGEIEIKVKTAELLNACKKLPFEIKNFVKKTEALRLQYRYLDLRS
FQMQYNLRLRSQMVMKMREYLCNLHGFVDIETPTLFKRTPGGAKEFLVPSREPGKFYSLP
QSPQQFKQLLMVGGLDRYFQVARCYRDEGSRPDRQPEFTQIDIEMSFVDQTGIQSLIEGL
LQYSWPNDKDPVVVPFPTMTFAEVLATYGTDKPDTRFGMKIIDISDVFRNTEIGFLQDAL
SKPHGTVKAICIPEGAKYLKRKDIESIRNFAADHFNQEILPVFLNANRNWNSPVANFIME
SQRLELIRLMETQEEDVVLLTAGEHNKACSLLGKLRLECADLLETRGVVLRDPTLFSFLW
VVDFPLFLPKEENPRELESAHHPFTAPHPSDIHLLYTEPKKARSQHYDLVLNGNEIGGGS
IRIHNAELQRYILATLLKEDVKMLSHLLQALDYGAPPHGGIALGLDRLICLVTGSPSIRD
VIAFPKSFRGHDLMSNTPDSVPPEELKPYHIRVSKPTDSKAERAH

• GAD (PF02938 )
• tRNA-synt_2 (PF00152 )
• tRNA_anti (PF01336 )

• None

• None

ATGTACTTCCCTTCTTGGTTAAGTCAGCTGTACAGGGGTTTATCCAGACCCATCAGAAGG
ACCACCCAACCGATCTGGGGTTCTCTCTACAGAAGTCTGTTGCAGAGTTCACAGAGGAGA
ATTCCAGAATTCAGTAGCTTTGTTGTCCGGACCAACACATGTGGAGAGTTGCGTTCGTCT
CACTTAGGCCAAGAAGTCACCTTGTGTGGATGGATTCAGTACCGAAGGCAAAACACATTC
TTGGTCCTAAGAGATTTCGATGGGCTTGTTCAAGTTATCATTCCCCAGGATGAGTCGGCA
GCCTCTGTGAAGAAGATTTTATGTGAAGCCCCTGTGGAATCTGTGGTGCAAGTGTCTGGT
ACAGTCATTTCCCGTCCTGCAGGACAAGAGAATCCAAAAATGCCAACAGGTGAGATTGAA
ATCAAAGTTAAAACAGCTGAGCTTCTGAATGCCTGCAAGAAGCTGCCCTTTGAAATTAAG
AACTTCGTGAAGAAAACAGAGGCTCTTCGGTTGCAGTATCGCTACTTAGACTTGCGTAGT
TTCCAAATGCAGTATAACCTGCGACTGAGGTCCCAGATGGTCATGAAAATGCGGGAATAT
CTCTGTAATCTGCATGGGTTTGTGGATATAGAAACCCCCACATTGTTTAAGAGGACCCCA
GGGGGTGCCAAAGAGTTTTTAGTACCATCCAGGGAACCTGGAAAGTTTTATTCTCTCCCT
CAGAGTCCTCAACAGTTTAAGCAACTTCTGATGGTTGGCGGTTTAGACAGATATTTTCAG
GTTGCCCGATGTTATCGAGATGAAGGTTCAAGACCAGACAGACAGCCTGAGTTTACTCAG
ATTGACATAGAGATGTCATTTGTAGACCAGACTGGGATCCAGAGTTTAATTGAGGGTTTG
CTCCAGTATTCCTGGCCCAATGACAAAGATCCTGTGGTTGTTCCTTTTCCTACTATGACT
TTTGCTGAGGTGCTGGCCACCTATGGAACTGATAAACCTGACACTCGCTTTGGAATGAAG
ATTATAGATATCAGTGATGTGTTTAGAAACACAGAGATTGGATTTCTTCAAGATGCACTT
AGTAAGCCCCATGGAACTGTGAAAGCCATATGTATCCCTGAAGGAGCAAAATACTTAAAA
AGGAAAGACATTGAATCCATTAGAAACTTTGCAGCTGACCATTTTAATCAGGAAATCTTA
CCTGTATTCCTTAACGCCAATAGAAACTGGAATTCTCCAGTTGCTAATTTCATAATGGAG
TCACAAAGACTGGAATTAATCAGACTAATGGAGACCCAAGAGGAAGATGTGGTCCTACTA
ACTGCTGGAGAGCACAATAAAGCATGCTCTTTGTTAGGAAAATTACGACTGGAATGTGCT
GACCTTCTAGAAACAAGAGGAGTGGTGCTCCGTGACCCCACTCTGTTCTCTTTCCTTTGG
GTGGTAGATTTCCCACTCTTCCTGCCCAAGGAGGAAAATCCCAGAGAGCTGGAATCGGCC
CACCACCCATTTACTGCTCCCCACCCCAGTGACATACATCTCCTGTACACTGAGCCCAAA
AAGGCCCGTAGCCAACACTATGACTTGGTTTTAAATGGCAATGAAATAGGAGGTGGTTCA
ATTCGAATTCACAATGCAGAGCTGCAGCGTTATATCCTGGCAACCTTACTAAAGGAGGAT
GTGAAAATGCTCTCCCATCTGCTCCAGGCTTTAGATTATGGGGCACCCCCTCATGGAGGA
ATTGCCTTAGGGTTAGACAGACTGATATGCCTTGTCACTGGATCTCCAAGCATCAGAGAT
GTCATAGCCTTCCCAAAGTCCTTCCGGGGACATGACCTCATGAGCAATACCCCAGATTCT
GTCCCTCCTGAGGAACTGAAGCCCTATCATATCCGAGTCTCCAAGCCAACAGACTCCAAA
GCAGAAAGAGCTCATTGA

1. SubName: Asparaginase like 1, isoform CRA_a
2. SubName: cDNA, FLJ93550, highly similar to Homo sapiens asparaginase like 1 (ASRGL1), mRNA

MNPIVVVHGGGAGPISKDRKERVHQGMVRAATVGYGILREGGSAVDAVEGAVVALEDDPE
FNAGCGSVLNTNGEVEMDASIMDGKDLSAGAVSAVQCIANPIKLARLVMEKTPHCFLTDQ
GAAQFAAAMGVPEIPGEKLVTERNKKRLEKEKHEKGAQKTDCQKNLGTVGAVALDCKGNV
AYATSTGGIVNKMVGRVGDSPCLGAGGYADNDIGAVSTTGHGESILKVNLARLTLFHIEQ
GKTVEEAADLSLGYMKSRVKGLGGLIVVSKTGDWVAKWTSTSMPWAAAKDGKLHFGIDPD
DTTITDLP

• Asparaginase_2 (PF01112 )

• None

• None

MAPPSVFAEVPQAQPVLVFKLTADFREDPDPRKVNLGVGAYRTDDCHPWVLPVVKKVEQK
IANDNSLNHEYLPILGLAEFRSCASRLALGDDSPALKEKRVGGVQSLGGTGALRIGADFL
ARWYNGTNNKNTPVYVSSPTWENHNAVFSAAGFKDIRSYRYWDAEKRGLDLQGFLNDLEN
APEFSIVVLHACAHNPTGIDPTPEQWKQIASVMKHRFLFPFFDSAYQGFASGNLERDAWA
IRYFVSEGFEFFCAQSFSKNFGLYNERVGNLTVVGKEPESILQVLSQMEKIVRITWSNPP
AQGARIVASTLSNPELFEEWTGNVKTMADRILTMRSELRARLEALKTPGTWNHITDQIGM
FSFTGLNPKQVEYLVNEKHIYLLPSGRINVSGLTTKNLDYVATSIHEAVTKIQ

• Aminotran_1_2 (PF00155 )

• None

• None

MAFAETYPAASSLPNGDCGRPRARPGGNRVTVVLGAQWGDEGKGKVVDLLAQDADIVCRC
QGGNNAGHTVVVDSVEYDFHLLPSGIINPNVTAFIGNGVVIHLPGLFEEAEKNVQKGKGL
EGWEKRLIISDRAHIVFDFHQAADGIQEQQRQEQAGKNLGTTKKGIGPVYSSKAARSGLR
MCDLVSDFDGFSERFKVLANQYKSIYPTLEIDIEGELQKLKGYMEKIKPMVRDGVYFLYE
ALHGPPKKILVEGANAALLDIDFGTYPFVTSSNCTVGGVCTGLGMPPQNVGEVYGVVKAY
TTRVGIGAFPTEQDNEIGELLQTRGREFGVTTGRKRRCGWLDLVLLKYAHMINGFTALAL
TKLDILDMFTEIKVGVAYKLDGEIIPHIPANQEVLNKVEVQYKTLPGWNTDISNARAFKE
LPVNAQNYVRFIEDELQIPVKWIGVGKSRESMIQLF

• Adenylsucc_synt (PF00709 )

• None

• None