We are currently updating the database - data may be missing for the next 10 minutes. We apologize for any inconvenience.

Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Sucrose (HMDB00258)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2010-01-15 18:41:56
Accession Number HMDB00258
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Sucrose
Description Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose linked via their anomeric carbons. It is obtained commercially from sugarcane, sugar beet (beta vulgaris), and other plants and used extensively as a food and a sweetener. Sucrose is derived by crushing and extraction of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) with water or extraction of the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) with water, evaporating, and purifying with lime, carbon, and various liquids. Sucrose is also obtainable from sorghum. Sucrose occurs in low percentages in honey and maple sap. Sucrose is used as a sweetener in foods and soft drinks, in the manufacture of syrups, in invert sugar, confectionery, preserves and jams, demulcent, pharmaceutical products, and caramel. Sucrose is also a chemical intermediate for detergents, emulsifying agents, and other sucrose derivatives. Sucrose is wiidespread in seeds, leaves, fruits, flowers and roots of plants, where it functions as an energy store for metabolism and as a carbon source for biosynthesis. The annual world production of sucrose is in excess of 90 million tons mainly from the juice of sugar cane (20%) and sugar beet (17%). In addition to its use as a sweetner, sucrose is used in food products as a preservative, antioxidant, moisture control agent, stabilizer and thickening agent.
Synonyms
  1. (+)-Sucrose
  2. D-(+)-Saccharose
  3. D-(+)-Sucrose
  4. D-Sucrose
  5. Saccharose
  6. Saccharum
  7. Sucrose
  8. Sugar
  9. White sugar
  10. b -D-Fructofuranosyl a-D-glucopyranoside
  11. Table sugar
Chemical IUPAC Name (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
Chemical Formula C12H22O11
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Carbohydrates and Carbohydrate conjugates
Class
  • Carbohydrates
Sub Class
  • Disaccharides
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • acetal
  • primary alcohol
  • secondary alcohol
  • 1,2-diol
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
  • Component of Starch and sucrose metabolism
Application
Source
  • Exogenous
Average Molecular Weight 342.297
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 342.116211
Isomeric SMILES OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@]2(CO)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Canonical SMILES OCC1OC(OC2(CO)OC(CO)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O
KEGG Compound ID C00089 Link Image
BioCyc ID SUCROSE Link Image
BiGG ID 33807 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Sucrose Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB00258 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB00258 Link Image
METLIN ID 137 Link Image
PubChem Compound 5988 Link Image
PubChem Substance 7847093 Link Image
ChEBI ID 17992 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 57-50-1
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C12H22O11/c13-1-4-6(16)8(18)9(19)11(21-4)23-12(3-15)10(20)7(17)5(2-14)22-12/h4-11,13-20H,1-3H2/t4-,5-,6-,7-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12+/m1/s1
Synthesis Reference Fitremann, Juliette; Queneau, Yves; Maitre, Jean-Paul; Bouchu, Alain. Co-melting of solid sucrose and multivalent cation soaps for solvent-free synthesis of sucrose esters. Tetrahedron Letters (2007), 48(23), 4111-4114.
Melting Point (Experimental) 185.5 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 2100.0 mg/mL [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 824.0 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge 0
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity -3.70 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -2.63 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -4.1 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1A0T Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
BMRB Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
  • Extracellular
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Adipose Tissue
Bladder
Epidermis
Fibroblasts
Intestine
Kidney
Mouth
Muscle
Myelin
Nerve Cells
Neuron
Placenta
Platelet
Spleen
Stratum Corneum
Testes
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 1.8 +/- 1.2 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Male
Patient information Men
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 165-177. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp., Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Biofluid Urine
Value 4.6055 (0-9.211) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 18.79 +/- 29.28 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Infant:0-1 yr old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed Link Image]
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Urine
Value 11 (0-159) umol/mmol creatinine
Age N/A
Sex Both
Condition Lung Cancer
Comments Not Available
References
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Lung Cancer
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Galactose Metabolism SMP00043 Link Image map00052 Link Image
Starch and Sucrose Metabolism SMP00058 Link Image map00500 Link Image
General References
  1. Rogers AJ, Greenwald MH, Deguzman MA, Kelley ME, Simon HK: A randomized, controlled trial of sucrose analgesia in infants younger than 90 days of age who require bladder catheterization in the pediatric emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2006 Jun;13(6):617-22. Epub 2006 Apr 24. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Nakano S, Kato T, Nakamura S, Kameyama M: Acetylcholinesterase activity in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia. J Neurol Sci. 1986 Sep;75(2):213-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ponec M, Wauben-Penris PJ, Burger A, Kempenaar J, Bodde HE: Nitroglycerin and sucrose permeability as quality markers for reconstructed human epidermis. Skin Pharmacol. 1990;3(2):126-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Rodrigues Silva C, Dutra de Oliveira JE, de Souza RA, Silva HC: Effect of a rice bran fiber diet on serum glucose levels of diabetic patients in Brazil. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2005 Mar;55(1):23-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Nakamura J, Koh N, Sakakibara F, Hamada Y, Wakao T, Sasaki H, Mori K, Nakashima E, Naruse K, Hotta N: Diabetic neuropathy in sucrose-fed Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats: effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor, TAT. Life Sci. 1997;60(21):1847-57. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Calderilla-Fajardo SB, Cazares-Delgadillo J, Villalobos-Garcia R, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Ganem-Quintanar A, Robles R: Influence of sucrose esters on the in vivo percutaneous penetration of octyl methoxycinnamate formulated in nanocapsules, nanoemulsion, and emulsion. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2006 Jan;32(1):107-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Poschalko A, Rohr T, Gruber H, Bianco A, Guichard G, Briand JP, Weber V, Falkenhagen D: SUBPOL: a novel SUcrose-Based Polymer support for solid-phase peptide synthesis and affinity chromatography applications. J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Nov 5;125(44):13415-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Hamer I, Jadot M: Endolysosomal transport of newly-synthesized cathepsin D in a sucrose model of lysosomal storage. Exp Cell Res. 2005 Oct 1;309(2):284-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Chambers ST, Kunin CM: Isolation of glycine betaine and proline betaine from human urine. Assessment of their role as osmoprotective agents for bacteria and the kidney. J Clin Invest. 1987 Mar;79(3):731-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Wilson M, Patel H, Kpendema H, Noar JH, Hunt NP, Mordan NJ: Corrosion of the intra-oral magnets by multi-species biofilms in the presence and absence of sucrose. Biomaterials. 1997 Jan;18(1):53-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Giofre MR, Meduri G, Pallio S, Calandra S, Magnano A, Niceforo D, Cinquegrani M, di Leo V, Mazzon E, Sturniolo GC, Longo G, Fries W: Gastric permeability to sucrose is increased in portal hypertensive gastropathy. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2000 May;12(5):529-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Chanarat P, Chiewsilp P: A simple method for the elimination of platelets from the lymphocyte-platelet mixture by sucrose. Am J Clin Pathol. 1975 Feb;63(2):237-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Skogsdal Y, Eriksson M, Schollin J: Analgesia in newborns given oral glucose. Acta Paediatr. 1997 Feb;86(2):217-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Cohen J, Malter H, Wright G, Kort H, Massey J, Mitchell D: Partial zona dissection of human oocytes when failure of zona pellucida penetration is anticipated. Hum Reprod. 1989 May;4(4):435-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Ayala-Bravo HA, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Naik A, Kalia YN, Cornejo-Bravo JM, Ganem-Quintanar A: Effects of sucrose oleate and sucrose laureate on in vivo human stratum corneum permeability. Pharm Res. 2003 Aug;20(8):1267-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal [Contains: Sucrase
  2. Alpha-galactosidase A precursor
  3. Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase precursor
  4. Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal [Includes: Maltase
  5. Neutral alpha-glucosidase C
  6. Uncharacterized protein GAA
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5523
Enzyme 1 Name Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal [Contains: Sucrase
Enzyme 1 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Name SI
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal [Contains: Sucrase
MARKKFSGLEISLIVLFVIVTIIAIALIVVLATKTPAVDEISDSTSTPATTRVTTNPSDS
GKCPNVLNDPVNVRINCIPEQFPTEGICAQRGCCWRPWNDSLIPWCFFVDNHGYNVQDMT
TTSIGVEAKLNRIPSPTLFGNDINSVLFTTQNQTPNRFRFKITDPNNRRYEVPHQYVKEF
TGPTVSDTLYDVKVAQNPFSIQVIRKSNGKTLFDTSIGPLVYSDQYLQISARLPSDYIYG
IGEQVHKRFRHDLSWKTWPIFTRDQLPGDNNNNLYGHQTFFMCIEDTSGKSFGVFLMNSN
AMEIFIQPTPIVTYRVTGGILDFYILLGDTPEQVVQQYQQLVGLPAMPAYWNLGFQLSRW
NYKSLDVVKEVVRRNREAGIPFDTQVTDIDYMEDKKDFTYDQVAFNGLPQFVQDLHDHGQ
KYVIILDPAISIGRRANGTTYATYERGNTQHVWINESDGSTPIIGEVWPGLTVYPDFTNP
NCIDWWANECSIFHQEVQYDGLWIDMNEVSSFIQGSTKGCNVNKLNYPPFTPDILDKLMY
SKTICMDAVQNWGKQYDVHSLYGYSMAIATEQAVQKVFPNKRSFILTRSTFAGSGRHAAH
WLGDNTASWEQMEWSITGMLEFSLFGIPLVGADICGFVAETTEELCRRWMQLGAFYPFSR
NHNSDGYEHQDPAFFGQNSLLVKSSRQYLTIRYTLLPFLYTLFYKAHVFGETVARPVLHE
FYEDTNSWIEDTEFLWGPALLITPVLKQGADTVSAYIPDAIWYDYESGAKRPWRKQRVDM
YLPADKIGLHLRGGYIIPIQEPDVTTTASRKNPLGLIVALGENNTAKGDFFWDDGETKDT
IQNGNYILYTFSVSNNTLDIVCTHSSYQEGTTLAFQTVKILGLTDSVTEVRVAENNQPMN
AHSNFTYDASNQVLLIADLKLNLGRNFSVQWNQIFSENERFNCYPDADLATEQKCTQRGC
VWRTGSSLSKAPECYFPRQDNSYSVNSARYSSMGITADLQLNTANARIKLPSDPISTLRV
EVKYHKNDMLQFKIYDPQKKRYEVPVPLNIPTTPISTYEDRLYDVEIKENPFGIQIRRRS
SGRVIWDSWLPGFAFNDQFIQISTRLPSEYIYGFGEVEHTAFKRDLNWNTWGMFTRDQPP
GYKLNSYGFHPYYMALEEEGNAHGVFLLNSNAMDVTFQPTPALTYRTVGGILDFYMFLGP
TPQVATKQYHEVIGHPVMPAYWALGFQLCRYGYANTSEVRELYDAMVAANIPYDVQYTDI
DYMERQLDFTIGEAFQDLPQFVDKIRGEGMRYIIILDPAISGNETKTYPAFERGQQNDVF
VKWPNTNDICWAKVWPDLPNITIDKTLTEDEAVNASRAHVAFPDFFRTSTAEWWAREIVD
FYNEKMKFDGLWIDMNEPSSFVNGTTTNQCRNDELNYPPYFPELTKRTDGLHFRTICMEA
EQILSDGTSVLHYDVHNLYGWSQMKPTHDALQKTTGKRGIVISRSTYPTSGRWGGHWLGD
NYARWDNMDKSIIGMMEFSLFGISYTGADICGFFNNSEYHLCTRWMQLGAFYPYSRNHNI
ANTRRQDPASWNETFAEMSRNILNIRYTLLPYFYTQMHEIHANGGTVIRPLLHEFFDEKP
TWDIFKQFLWGPAFMVTPVLEPYVQTVNAYVPNARWFDYHTGKDIGVRGQFQTFNASYDT
INLHVRGGHILPCQEPAQNTFYSRQKHMKLIVAADDNQMAQGSLFWDDGESIDTYERDLY
LSVQFNLNQTTLTSTILKRGYINKSETRLGSLHVWGKGTTPVNAVTLTYNGNKNSLPFNE
DTTNMILRIDLTTHNVTLEEPIEINWS
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 1827
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 209406
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 5.39
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Plays an important role in the final stage of carbohydrate digestion
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • Hydrolysis of sucrose and maltose by an alpha-D-glucosidase-type action
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • 1-32
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 36645 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14410 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SUIS_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >5484 bp
ATGGCAAGAAAGAAATTTAGTGGATTGGAAATCTCTCTGATTGTCCTTTTTGTCATAGTT
ACTATAATAGCTATTGCCTTAATTGTTGTTTTAGCAACTAAGACACCTGCTGTTGATGAA
ATTAGTGATTCTACTTCAACTCCAGCTACTACTCGTGTGACTACAAATCCTTCTGATTCA
GGAAAATGTCCAAATGTGTTAAATGATCCTGTCAATGTGAGAATAAACTGCATTCCAGAA
CAATTCCCAACAGAGGGAATTTGTGCACAGAGAGGCTGCTGCTGGAGGCCGTGGAATGAC
TCTCTTATTCCTTGGTGCTTCTTCGTTGATAATCATGGTTATAACGTTCAAGACATGACA
ACAACAAGTATTGGAGTTGAAGCCAAATTAAACAGGATACCTTCACCTACACTATTTGGA
AATGACATCAACAGTGTTCTCTTCACAACTCAAAATCAGACACCCAATCGTTTCCGGTTC
AAGATTACTGATCCAAATAATAGAAGATATGAAGTTCCTCATCAGTATGTAAAAGAGTTT
ACTGGACCCACAGTTTCTGATACGTTGTATGATGTGAAGGTTGCCCAAAACCCATTTAGC
ATCCAAGTTATTAGGAAAAGCAACGGTAAAACTTTGTTTGACACCAGCATTGGTCCCTTA
GTGTACTCTGACCAGTACTTACAGATCTCAGCCCGTCTTCCAAGTGATTATATTTATGGT
ATTGGAGAACAAGTTCATAAGAGATTTCGTCATGATTTATCCTGGAAAACATGGCCAATT
TTTACTCGAGACCAACTTCCTGGTGATAATAATAATAATTTATACGGCCATCAAACATTC
TTTATGTGTATTGAAGATACATCTGGAAAGTCATTCGGTGTTTTTTTAATGAATAGCAAT
GCAATGGAGATTTTTATCCAGCCTACTCCAATAGTAACATATAGAGTTACCGGTGGCATT
CTGGATTTTTACATCCTTCTAGGAGATACACCAGAACAAGTAGTTCAACAGTATCAACAG
CTTGTTGGACTACCAGCAATGCCAGCATATTGGAATCTTGGATTCCAACTAAGTCGCTGG
AATTATAAGTCACTAGATGTAGTGAAAGAAGTGGTAAGGAGAAACCGGGAAGCTGGCATA
CCATTTGATACACAGGTCACTGATATTGACTACATGGAAGACAAGAAAGACTTTACTTAT
GATCAAGTTGCGTTTAACGGACTCCCTCAATTTGTGCAAGATTTGCATGACCATGGACAG
AAATATGTCATCATCTTGGACCCTGCAATTTCCATAGGTCGACGTGCCAATGGAACAACA
TATGCAACCTATGAGAGGGGAAACACACAACATGTGTGGATAAATGAGTCAGATGGAAGT
ACACCAATTATTGGAGAGGTATGGCCAGGATTAACAGTATACCCTGATTTCACTAATCCA
AACTGCATTGATTGGTGGGCAAATGAATGCAGTATTTTCCATCAAGAAGTGCAATATGAT
GGACTTTGGATTGACATGAATGAAGTTTCCAGCTTTATTCAAGGTTCAACAAAAGGATGT
AATGTAAACAAATTGAATTATCCACCGTTTACTCCTGATATTCTTGACAAACTCATGTAT
TCCAAAACAATTTGCATGGATGCTGTGCAGAACTGGGGTAAACAGTATGATGTTCATAGC
CTCTATGGATACAGCATGGCTATAGCCACAGAGCAAGCTGTACAAAAAGTTTTTCCTAAT
AAGAGAAGCTTCATTCTTACCCGCTCAACATTTGCTGGATCTGGAAGACATGCTGCTCAT
TGGTTAGGAGACAATACTGCTTCATGGGAACAAATGGAATGGTCTATAACTGGAATGCTG
GAGTTCAGTTTGTTTGGAATACCTTTGGTTGGAGCAGACATCTGTGGATTTGTGGCTGAA
ACCACAGAAGAACTTTGCAGAAGATGGATGCAACTTGGGGCATTTTATCCATTTTCCAGA
AACCATAATTCTGACGGATATGAACATCAGGATCCTGCATTTTTTGGGCAGAATTCACTT
TTGGTTAAATCATCAAGGCAGTATTTAACTATTCGCTACACCTTATTACCCTTCCTCTAC
ACTCTGTTTTATAAAGCCCATGTGTTTGGAGAAACAGTAGCAAGACCAGTTCTTCATGAG
TTTTATGAGGATACGAACAGCTGGATTGAGGACACTGAGTTTTTGTGGGGCCCTGCATTA
CTTATTACTCCTGTTCTAAAACAGGGAGCAGATACTGTGAGTGCCTACATCCCTGATGCT
ATTTGGTATGATTATGAATCTGGTGCAAAAAGGCCATGGAGGAAACAACGGGTTGATATG
TATCTTCCAGCAGACAAAATAGGATTACATCTTAGAGGAGGTTATATCATCCCCATTCAA
GAACCAGATGTAACAACAACAGCAAGCCGTAAGAATCCTCTAGGACTTATAGTCGCATTA
GGTGAAAACAACACAGCCAAAGGAGACTTTTTCTGGGATGATGGAGAAACTAAAGATACA
ATACAAAATGGCAACTACATATTATATACATTTTCAGTTTCTAATAACACATTAGATATT
GTGTGCACACATTCATCATATCAGGAAGGAACTACCTTAGCATTTCAGACTGTAAAAATC
CTTGGGTTGACAGACAGTGTTACAGAAGTTAGAGTGGCGGAAAATAATCAACCAATGAAC
GCTCATTCCAATTTCACTTATGATGCTTCTAACCAGGTTCTCCTAATTGCAGATCTCAAA
CTTAATCTTGGAAGAAACTTTAGTGTTCAATGGAATCAAATTTTCTCAGAAAATGAAAGA
TTTAATTGTTATCCAGATGCAGATTTGGCAACTGAACAAAAGTGCACACAACGTGGCTGT
GTATGGAGAACGGGTTCTTCTCTATCCAAAGCACCTGAGTGTTACTTTCCCAGACAAGAT
AACTCTTATTCAGTCAACTCAGCTCGCTATTCATCCATGGGTATAACAGCTGACCTCCAA
CTAAATACTGCAAATGCCAGAATAAAGTTACCTTCTGACCCCATCTCAACTCTTCGTGTG
GAGGTGAAATATCACAAAAATGATATGTTGCAGTTTAAGATTTATGATCCCCAAAAGAAG
AGATATGAAGTACCAGTACCGTTAAACATTCCAACCACCCCAATAAGTACTTATGAAGAC
AGACTTTATGATGTGGAAATCAAGGAAAATCCTTTTGGCATCCAGATTCGACGGAGAAGC
AGTGGAAGAGTCATTTGGGATTCTTGGCTGCCTGGATTTGCTTTTAATGACCAGTTCATT
CAAATATCGACTCGCCTGCCATCAGAATATATATATGGTTTTGGGGAAGTGGAACATACA
GCATTTAAGCGAGATCTGAACTGGAATACTTGGGGAATGTTCACAAGAGACCAACCCCCT
GGTTACAAACTTAATTCCTATGGATTTCATCCCTATTACATGGCTCTGGAAGAGGAGGGC
AATGCTCATGGTGTTTTCTTACTCAACAGCAATGCAATGGATGTTACATTCCAGCCAACT
CCTGCTCTAACTTACCGTACAGTTGGAGGGATCTTGGATTTTTATATGTTTTTGGGCCCA
ACTCCACAAGTTGCAACAAAGCAATACCATGAAGTAATTGGCCATCCAGTCATGCCAGCT
TATTGGGCTTTGGGATTCCAATTATGTCGTTATGGATATGCAAATACTTCAGAGGTTCGG
GAATTATATGACGCTATGGTGGCTGCTAACATCCCCTATGATGTTCAGTACACAGACATT
GACTACATGGAAAGGCAGCTAGACTTTACAATTGGTGAAGCATTCCAGGACCTTCCTCAG
TTTGTTGACAAAATAAGAGGAGAAGGAATGAGATACATTATTATCCTGGATCCAGCAATT
TCAGGAAATGAAACAAAGACTTACCCTGCATTTGAAAGAGGACAGCAGAATGATGTCTTT
GTCAAATGGCCAAACACCAATGACATTTGTTGGGCAAAGGTTTGGCCAGATTTGCCCAAC
ATAACAATAGATAAAACTCTAACGGAAGATGAAGCTGTTAATGCTTCCAGAGCTCATGTA
GCTTTCCCAGATTTCTTCAGGACTTCCACAGCAGAGTGGTGGGCCAGAGAAATTGTGGAC
TTTTACAATGAAAAGATGAAGTTTGATGGTTTGTGGATTGATATGAATGAGCCATCAAGT
TTTGTAAATGGAACAACTACTAATCAATGCAGAAATGACGAACTAAATTATCCACCTTAT
TTCCCAGAACTCACAAAAAGAACTGATGGATTACATTTCAGAACAATTTGCATGGAAGCT
GAGCAGATTCTTAGTGATGGAACATCAGTTTTGCATTACGATGTTCACAATCTCTATGGA
TGGTCACAGATGAAACCTACTCATGATGCATTGCAAAAGACAACTGGAAAAAGAGGGATT
GTAATTTCTCGTTCCACGTATCCTACTAGTGGACGATGGGGAGGACACTGGCTTGGAGAC
AACTATGCACGATGGGACAACATGGACAAATCAATCATTGGTATGATGGAATTTAGTCTG
TTTGGAATATCATATACTGGAGCAGACATCTGTGGTTTTTTCAACAACTCAGAATATCAT
CTCTGTACCCGCTGGATGCAACTTGGAGCATTTTATCCATACTCAAGGAATCACAACATT
GCAAATACTAGAAGACAAGATCCCGCTTCCTGGAATGAAACTTTTGCTGAAATGTCAAGG
AATATTCTAAATATTAGATACACCTTATTGCCCTATTTTTACACACAAATGCATGAAATT
CATGCTAATGGTGGCACTGTTATCCGACCCCTTTTGCATGAGTTCTTTGATGAAAAACCA
ACCTGGGATATATTCAAGCAGTTCTTATGGGGTCCAGCATTTATGGTTACCCCAGTACTG
GAACCTTATGTTCAAACTGTAAATGCCTACGTCCCCAATGCTCGGTGGTTTGACTACCAT
ACAGGCAAAGATATTGGCGTCAGAGGACAATTTCAAACATTTAATGCTTCTTATGACACA
ATAAACCTACATGTCCGTGGTGGTCACATCCTACCATGTCAAGAGCCAGCTCAAAACACA
TTTTACAGTCGACAAAAACACATGAAGCTCATTGTTGCTGCAGATGATAATCAGATGGCA
CAGGGTTCTCTGTTTTGGGATGATGGAGAGAGTATAGACACCTATGAAAGAGACCTATAT
TTATCTGTACAATTTAATTTAAACCAGACCACCTTAACAAGCACTATATTGAAGAGAGGT
TACATAAATAAAAGTGAAACGAGGCTTGGATCCCTTCATGTATGGGGGAAAGGAACTACT
CCTGTCAATGCAGTTACTCTAACGTATAACGGAAATAAAAATTCGCTTCCTTTTAATGAA
GACACTACCAACATGATATTACGTATTGATCTGACCACACACAATGTTACTCTAGAAGAA
CCAATAGAAATCAACTGGTCATGA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID X63597 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID SI Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID SI Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:10856 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 1 Locus 3q25.2-q26.2
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Chantret I, Lacasa M, Chevalier G, Ruf J, Islam I, Mantei N, Edwards Y, Swallow D, Rousset M: Sequence of the complete cDNA and the 5' structure of the human sucrase-isomaltase gene. Possible homology with a yeast glucoamylase. Biochem J. 1992 Aug 1;285 ( Pt 3):915-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Green F, Edwards Y, Hauri HP, Povey S, Ho MW, Pinto M, Swallow D: Isolation of a cDNA probe for a human jejunal brush-border hydrolase, sucrase-isomaltase, and assignment of the gene locus to chromosome 3. Gene. 1987;57(1):101-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gorvel JP, Ferrero A, Chambraud L, Rigal A, Bonicel J, Maroux S: Expression of sucrase-isomaltase and dipeptidylpeptidase IV in human small intestine and colon. Gastroenterology. 1991 Sep;101(3):618-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ouwendijk J, Moolenaar CE, Peters WJ, Hollenberg CP, Ginsel LA, Fransen JA, Naim HY: Congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Identification of a glutamine to proline substitution that leads to a transport block of sucrase-isomaltase in a pre-Golgi compartment. J Clin Invest. 1996 Feb 1;97(3):633-41. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5997
Enzyme 2 Name Alpha-galactosidase A precursor
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Melibiase
  2. Alpha-D- galactoside galactohydrolase
  3. Alpha-D-galactosidase A
  4. Agalsidase alfa
Enzyme 2 Gene Name GLA
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Alpha-galactosidase A precursor
MQLRNPELHLGCALALRFLALVSWDIPGARALDNGLARTPTMGWLHWERFMCNLDCQEEP
DSCISEKLFMEMAELMVSEGWKDAGYEYLCIDDCWMAPQRDSEGRLQADPQRFPHGIRQL
ANYVHSKGLKLGIYADVGNKTCAGFPGSFGYYDIDAQTFADWGVDLLKFDGCYCDSLENL
ADGYKHMSLALNRTGRSIVYSCEWPLYMWPFQKPNYTEIRQYCNHWRNFADIDDSWKSIK
SILDWTSFNQERIVDVAGPGGWNDPDMLVIGNFGLSWNQQVTQMALWAIMAAPLFMSNDL
RHISPQAKALLQDKDVIAINQDPLGKQGYQLRQGDNFEVWERPLSGLAWAVAMINRQEIG
GPRSYTIAVASLGKGVACNPACFITQLLPVKRKLGFYEWTSRLRSHINPTGTVLLQLENT
MQMSLKDLL
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 429
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 48767
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 5.27
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D- galactose residues in alpha-D-galactosides, including galactose oligosaccharides, galactomannans and galactohydrolase
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-galactose residues in alpha-D-galactosides, including galactose oligosaccharides, galactomannans and galactohydrolase
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • 1-31
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 757912 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P06280 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name AGAL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID 1R47 Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB File Show
Enzyme 2 3D Structure
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1290 bp
ATGCAGCTGAGGAACCCAGAACTACATCTGGGCTGCGCGCTTGCGCTTCGCTTCCTGGCC
CTCGTTTCCTGGGACATCCCTGGGGCTAGAGCACTGGACAATGGATTGGCAAGGACGCCT
ACCATGGGCTGGCTGCACTGGGAGCGCTTCATGTGCAACCTTGACTGCCAGGAAGAGCCA
GATTCCTGCATCAGTGAGAAGCTCTTCATGGAGATGGCAGAGCTCATGGTCTCAGAAGGC
TGGAAGGATGCAGGTTATGAGTACCTCTGCATTGATGACTGTTGGATGGCTCCCCAAAGA
GATTCAGAAGGCAGACTTCAGGCAGACCCTCAGCGCTTTCCTCATGGGATTCGCCAGCTA
GCTAATTATGTTCACAGCAAAGGACTGAAGCTAGGGATTTATGCAGATGTTGGAAATAAA
ACCTGCGCAGGCTTCCCTGGGAGTTTTGGATACTACGACATTGATGCCCAGACCTTTGCT
GACTGGGGAGTAGATCTGCTAAAATTTGATGGTTGTTACTGTGACAGTTTGGAAAATTTG
GCAGATGGTTATAAGCACATGTCCTTGGCCCTGAATAGGACTGGCAGAAGCATTGTGTAC
TCCTGTGAGTGGCCTCTTTATATGTGGCCCTTTCAAAAGCCCAATTATACAGAAATCCGA
CAGTACTGCAATCACTGGCGAAATTTTGCTGACATTGATGATTCCTGGAAAAGTATAAAG
AGTATCTTGGACTGGACATCTTTTAACCAGGAGAGAATTGTTGATGTTGCTGGACCAGGG
GGTTGGAATGACCCAGATATGTTAGTGATTGGCAACTTTGGCCTCAGCTGGAATCAGCAA
GTAACTCAGATGGCCCTCTGGGCTATCATGGCTGCTCCTTTATTCATGTCTAATGACCTC
CGACACATCAGCCCTCAAGCCAAAGCTCTCCTTCAGGATAAGGACGTAATTGCCATCAAT
CAGGACCCCTTGGGCAAGCAAGGGTACCAGCTTAGACAGGGAGACAACTTTGAAGTGTGG
GAACGACCTCTCTCAGGCTTAGCCTGGGCTGTAGCTATGATAAACCGGCAGGAGATTGGT
GGACCTCGCTCTTATACCATCGCAGTTGCTTCCCTGGGTAAAGGAGTGGCCTGTAATCCT
GCCTGCTTCATCACACAGCTCCTCCCTGTGAAAAGGAAGCTAGGGTTCTATGAATGGACT
TCAAGGTTAAGAAGTCACATAAATCCCACAGGCACTGTTTTGCTTCAGCTAGAAAATACA
ATGCAGATGTCATTAAAAGACTTACTTTAA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID X05790 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID GLA Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID GLA Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:4296 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location X
Enzyme 2 Locus Xq22
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Tsuji S, Martin BM, Kaslow DC, Migeon BR, Choudary PV, Stubbleflied BK, Mayor JA, Murray GJ, Barranger JA, Ginns EI: Signal sequence and DNA-mediated expression of human lysosomal alpha-galactosidase A. Eur J Biochem. 1987 Jun 1;165(2):275-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kornreich R, Desnick RJ, Bishop DF: Nucleotide sequence of the human alpha-galactosidase A gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Apr 25;17(8):3301-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Oeltjen JC, Liu X, Lu J, Allen RC, Muzny D, Belmont JW, Gibbs RA: Sixty-nine kilobases of contiguous human genomic sequence containing the alpha-galactosidase A and Bruton's tyrosine kinase loci. Mamm Genome. 1995 May;6(5):334-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bishop DF, Calhoun DH, Bernstein HS, Hantzopoulos P, Quinn M, Desnick RJ: Human alpha-galactosidase A: nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone encoding the mature enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4859-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Quinn M, Hantzopoulos P, Fidanza V, Calhoun DH: A genomic clone containing the promoter for the gene encoding the human lysosomal enzyme, alpha-galactosidase A. Gene. 1987;58(2-3):177-88. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Bishop DF, Kornreich R, Desnick RJ: Structural organization of the human alpha-galactosidase A gene: further evidence for the absence of a 3' untranslated region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(11):3903-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Novo FJ, Kruszewski A, MacDermot KD, Goldspink G, Gorecki DC: Editing of human alpha-galactosidase RNA resulting in a pyrimidine to purine conversion. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Jul 25;23(14):2636-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Eng CM, Desnick RJ: Molecular basis of Fabry disease: mutations and polymorphisms in the human alpha-galactosidase A gene. Hum Mutat. 1994;3(2):103-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Koide T, Ishiura M, Iwai K, Inoue M, Kaneda Y, Okada Y, Uchida T: A case of Fabry's disease in a patient with no alpha-galactosidase A activity caused by a single amino acid substitution of Pro-40 by Ser. FEBS Lett. 1990 Jan 1;259(2):353-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. von Scheidt W, Eng CM, Fitzmaurice TF, Erdmann E, Hubner G, Olsen EG, Christomanou H, Kandolf R, Bishop DF, Desnick RJ: An atypical variant of Fabry's disease with manifestations confined to the myocardium. N Engl J Med. 1991 Feb 7;324(6):395-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Sakuraba H, Oshima A, Fukuhara Y, Shimmoto M, Nagao Y, Bishop DF, Desnick RJ, Suzuki Y: Identification of point mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene in classical and atypical hemizygotes with Fabry disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Nov;47(5):784-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Bernstein HS, Bishop DF, Astrin KH, Kornreich R, Eng CM, Sakuraba H, Desnick RJ: Fabry disease: six gene rearrangements and an exonic point mutation in the alpha-galactosidase gene. J Clin Invest. 1989 Apr;83(4):1390-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Ishii S, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y: Point mutations in the upstream region of the alpha-galactosidase A gene exon 6 in an atypical variant of Fabry disease. Hum Genet. 1992 Apr;89(1):29-32. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Eng CM, Resnick-Silverman LA, Niehaus DJ, Astrin KH, Desnick RJ: Nature and frequency of mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene that cause Fabry disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 Dec;53(6):1186-97. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Davies JP, Winchester BG, Malcolm S: Mutation analysis in patients with the typical form of Anderson-Fabry disease. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Jul;2(7):1051-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Davies J, Christomanou H, Winchester B, Malcolm S: Detection of 8 new mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene in Fabry disease. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Apr;3(4):667-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Eng CM, Niehaus DJ, Enriquez AL, Burgert TS, Ludman MD, Desnick RJ: Fabry disease: twenty-three mutations including sense and antisense CpG alterations and identification of a deletional hot-spot in the alpha-galactosidase A gene. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Oct;3(10):1795-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Okumiya T, Ishii S, Takenaka T, Kase R, Kamei S, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y: Galactose stabilizes various missense mutants of alpha-galactosidase in Fabry disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Sep 25;214(3):1219-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Okumiya T, Ishii S, Kase R, Kamei S, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y: Alpha-galactosidase gene mutations in Fabry disease: heterogeneous expressions of mutant enzyme proteins. Hum Genet. 1995 May;95(5):557-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Madsen KM, Hasholt L, Sorensen SA, Fermer ML, Dahl N: Two novel mutations (L32P) and (G85N) among five different missense mutations in six Danish families with Fabry's disease. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):277-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Nakao S, Takenaka T, Maeda M, Kodama C, Tanaka A, Tahara M, Yoshida A, Kuriyama M, Hayashibe H, Sakuraba H, et al.: An atypical variant of Fabry's disease in men with left ventricular hypertrophy. N Engl J Med. 1995 Aug 3;333(5):288-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Davies JP, Eng CM, Hill JA, Malcolm S, MacDermot K, Winchester B, Desnick RJ: Fabry disease: fourteen alpha-galactosidase A mutations in unrelated families from the United Kingdom and other European countries. Eur J Hum Genet. 1996;4(4):219-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  23. Cariolou MA, Christodoulides M, Manoli P, Kokkofitou A, Tsambaos D: Novel trinucleotide deletion in Fabry's disease. Hum Genet. 1996 Apr;97(4):468-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  24. Germain D, Biasotto M, Tosi M, Meo T, Kahn A, Poenaru L: Fluorescence-assisted mismatch analysis (FAMA) for exhaustive screening of the alpha-galactosidase A gene and detection of carriers in Fabry disease. Hum Genet. 1996 Dec;98(6):719-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  25. Blanch LC, Meaney C, Morris CP: A sensitive mutation screening strategy for Fabry disease: detection of nine mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene. Hum Mutat. 1996;8(1):38-43. [PubMed Link Image]
  26. Redonnet-Vernhet I, Ploos van Amstel JK, Jansen RP, Wevers RA, Salvayre R, Levade T: Uneven X inactivation in a female monozygotic twin pair with Fabry disease and discordant expression of a novel mutation in the alpha-galactosidase A gene. J Med Genet. 1996 Aug;33(8):682-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  27. Takata T, Okumiya T, Hayashibe H, Shimmoto M, Kase R, Itoh K, Utsumi K, Kamei S, Sakuraba H: Screening and detection of gene mutations in Japanese patients with Fabry disease by non-radioactive single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis. Brain Dev. 1997 Mar;19(2):111-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  28. Eng CM, Ashley GA, Burgert TS, Enriquez AL, D'Souza M, Desnick RJ: Fabry disease: thirty-five mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene in patients with classic and variant phenotypes. Mol Med. 1997 Mar;3(3):174-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  29. Miyazaki T, Kajita M, Ohmori S, Mizutani N, Niwa T, Murata Y, Seo H: A novel mutation (E358K) in the alpha-galactosidase A gene detected in a Japanese family with Fabry disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S139-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  30. Okumiya T, Kawamura O, Itoh K, Kase R, Ishii S, Kamei S, Sakuraba H: Novel missense mutation (M72V) of alpha-galactosidase gene and its expression product in an atypical Fabry hemizygote. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S213-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  31. Guffon N, Froissart R, Chevalier-Porst F, Maire I: Mutation analysis in 11 French patients with Fabry disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S288-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  32. Germain DP, Poenaru L: Fabry disease: identification of novel alpha-galactosidase A mutations and molecular carrier detection by use of fluorescent chemical cleavage of mismatches. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Apr 21;257(3):708-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  33. Beyer EM, Karpova EA, Udalova OV, Ploos van Amstel JK, van Diggelen OP, Tsvetkova IV: The multiple cases of Fabry disease in a Russian family caused by an E341K amino acid substitution in the alpha-galactosidase A. Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Feb;280(1-2):81-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  34. Topaloglu AK, Ashley GA, Tong B, Shabbeer J, Astrin KH, Eng CM, Desnick RJ: Twenty novel mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene causing Fabry disease. Mol Med. 1999 Dec;5(12):806-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  35. Lee JK, Kim GH, Kim JS, Kim KK, Lee MC, Yoo HW: Identification of four novel mutations in five unrelated Korean families with Fabry disease. Clin Genet. 2000 Sep;58(3):228-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  36. Ashton-Prolla P, Tong B, Shabbeer J, Astrin KH, Eng CM, Desnick RJ: Fabry disease: twenty-two novel mutations in the alpha-galactosidase A gene and genotype/phenotype correlations in severely and mildly affected hemizygotes and heterozygotes. J Investig Med. 2000 Jul;48(4):227-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  37. Germain DP, Salard D, Fellmann F, Azibi K, Caillaud C, Bernard MC, Poenaru L: Identification of a novel de novo mutation (G373D) in the alpha-galactosidase A gene (GLA) in a patient affected with Fabry disease. Hum Mutat. 2001 Apr;17(4):353. [PubMed Link Image]
  38. Blaydon D, Hill J, Winchester B: Fabry disease: 20 novel GLA mutations in 35 families. Hum Mutat. 2001 Nov;18(5):459. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 7178
Enzyme 3 Name Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase precursor
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Acid maltase
  2. Aglucosidase alfa[Contains: 76 kDa lysosomal alpha-glucosidase
  3. 70 kDa lysosomal alpha-glucosidase]
Enzyme 3 Gene Name GAA
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase precursor
MGVRHPPCSHRLLAVCALVSLATAALLGHILLHDFLLVPRELSGSSPVLEETHPAHQQGA
SRPGPRDAQAHPGRPRAVPTQCDVPPNSRFDCAPDKAITQEQCEARGCCYIPAKQGLQGA
QMGQPWCFFPPSYPSYKLENLSSSEMGYTATLTRTTPTFFPKDILTLRLDVMMETENRLH
FTIKDPANRRYEVPLETPRVHSRAPSPLYSVEFSEEPFGVIVHRQLDGRVLLNTTVAPLF
FADQFLQLSTSLPSQYITGLAEHLSPLMLSTSWTRITLWNRDLAPTPGANLYGSHPFYLA
LEDGGSAHGVFLLNSNAMDVVLQPSPALSWRSTGGILDVYIFLGPEPKSVVQQYLDVVGY
PFMPPYWGLGFHLCRWGYSSTAITRQVVENMTRAHFPLDVQWNDLDYMDSRRDFTFNKDG
FRDFPAMVQELHQGGRRYMMIVDPAISSSGPAGSYRPYDEGLRRGVFITNETGQPLIGKV
WPGSTAFPDFTNPTALAWWEDMVAEFHDQVPFDGMWIDMNEPSNFIRGSEDGCPNNELEN
PPYVPGVVGGTLQAATICASSHQFLSTHYNLHNLYGLTEAIASHRALVKARGTRPFVISR
STFAGHGRYAGHWTGDVWSSWEQLASSVPEILQFNLLGVPLVGADVCGFLGNTSEELCVR
WTQLGAFYPFMRNHNSLLSLPQEPYSFSEPAQQAMRKALTLRYALLPHLYTLFHQAHVAG
ETVARPLFLEFPKDSSTWTVDHQLLWGEALLITPVLQAGKAEVTGYFPLGTWYDLQTVPI
EALGSLPPPPAAPREPAIHSEGQWVTLPAPLDTINVHLRAGYIIPLQGPGLTTTESRQQP
MALAVALTKGGEARGELFWDDGESLEVLERGAYTQVIFLARNNTIVNELVRVTSEGAGLQ
LQKVTVLGVATAPQQVLSNGVPVSNFTYSPDTKVLDICVSLLMGEQFLVSWC
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 952
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 105339
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 5.91
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Essential for the degradation of glygogen to glucose in lysosomes
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing 1,4-linked alpha-D-glucose residues with release of alpha-D-glucose
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • 1-27
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 31608 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P10253 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LYAG_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >2859 bp
ATGGGAGTGAGGCACCCGCCCTGCTCCCACCGGCTCCTGGCCGTCTGCGCCCTCGTGTCC
TTGGCAACCGCTGCACTCCTGGGGCACATCCTACTCCATGATTTCCTGCTGGTTCCCCGA
GAGCTGAGTGGCTCCTCCCCAGTCCTGGAGGAGACTCACCCAGCTCACCAGCAGGGAGCC
AGCAGACCAGGGCCCCGGGATGCCCAGGCACACCCCGGCCGTCCCAGAGCAGTGCCCACA
CAGTGCGACGTCCCCCCCAACAGCCGCTTCGATTGCGCCCCTGACAAGGCCATCACCCAG
GAACAGTGCGAGGCCCGCGGCTGCTGCTACATCCCTGCAAAGCAGGGGCTGCAGGGAGCC
CAGATGGGGCAGCCCTGGTGCTTCTTCCCACCCAGCTACCCCAGCTACAAGCTGGAGAAC
CTGAGCTCCTCTGAAATGGGCTACACGGCCACCCTGACCCGTACCACCCCCACCTTCTTC
CCCAAGGACATCCTGACCCTGCGGCTGGACGTGATGATGGAGACTGAGAACCGCCTCCAC
TTCACGATCAAAGATCCAGCTAACAGGCGCTACGAGGTGCCCTTGGAGACCCCGCGTGTC
CACAGCCGGGCACCGTCCCCACTCTACAGCGTGGAGTTCTCCGAGGAGCCCTTCGGGGTG
ATCGTGCACCGGCAGCTGGACGGCCGCGTGCTGCTGAACACGACGGTGGCGCCCCTGTTC
TTTGCGGACCAGTTCCTTCAGCTGTCCACCTCGCTGCCCTCGCAGTATATCACAGGCCTC
GCCGAGCACCTCAGTCCCCTGATGCTCAGCACCAGCTGGACCAGGATCACCCTGTGGAAC
CGGGACCTTGCGCCCACGCCCGGTGCGAACCTCTACGGGTCTCACCCTTTCTACCTGGCG
CTGGAGGACGGCGGGTCGGCACACGGGGTGTTCCTGCTAAACAGCAATGCCATGGATGTG
GTCCTGCAGCCGAGCCCTGCCCTTAGCTGGAGGTCGACAGGTGGGATCCTGGATGTCTAC
ATCTTCCTGGGCCCAGAGCCCAAGAGCGTGGTGCAGCAGTACCTGGACGTTGTGGGATAC
CCGTTCATGCCGCCATACTGGGGCCTGGGCTTCCACCTGTGCCGCTGGGGCTACTCCTCC
ACCGCTATCACCCGCCAGGTGGTGGAGAACATGACCAGGGCCCACTTCCCCCTGGACGTC
CAATGGAACGACCTGGACTACATGGACTCCCGGAGGGACTTCACGTTCAACAAGGATGGC
TTCCGGGACTTCCCGGCCATGGTGCAGGAGCTGCACCAGGGCGGCCGGCGCTACATGATG
ATCGTGGATCCTGCCATCAGCAGCTCGGGCCCTGCCGGGAGCTACAGGCCCTACGACGAG
GGTCTGCGGAGGGGGGTTTTCATCACCAACGAGACCGGCCAGCCGCTGATTGGGAAGGTA
TGGCCCGGGTCCACTGCCTTCCCCGACTTCACCAACCCCACAGCCCTGGCCTGGTGGGAG
GACATGGTGGCTGAGTTCCATGACCAGGTGCCCTTCGACGGCATGTGGATTGACATGAAC
GAGCCTTCCAACTTCATCAGAGGCTCTGAGGACGGCTGCCCCAACAATGAGCTGGAGAAC
CCACCCTACGTGCCTGGGGTGGTTGGGGGGACCCTCCAGGCGGCCACCATCTGTGCCTCC
AGCCACCAGTTTCTCTCCACACACTACAACCTGCACAACCTCTACGGCCTGACCGAAGCC
ATCGCCTCCCACAGGGCGCTGGTGAAGGCTCGGGGGACACGCCCATTTGTGATCTCCCGC
TCGACCTTTGCTGGCCACGGCCGATACGCCGGCCACTGGACGGGGGACGTGTGGAGCTCC
TGGGAGCAGCTCGCCTCCTCCGTGCCAGAAATCCTGCAGTTTAACCTGCTGGGGGTGCCT
CTGGTCGGGGCCGACGTCTGCGGCTTCCTGGGCAACACCTCAGAGGAGCTGTGTGTGCGC
TGGACCCAGCTGGGGGCCTTCTACCCCTTCATGCGGAACCACAACAGCCTGCTCAGTCTG
CCCCAGGAGCCGTACAGCTTCAGCGAGCCGGCCCAGCAGGCCATGAGGAAGGCCCTCACC
CTGCGCTACGCACTCCTCCCCCACCTCTACACACTGTTCCACCAGGCCCACGTCGCGGGG
GAGACCGTGGCCCGGCCCCTCTTCCTGGAGTTCCCCAAGGACTCTAGCACCTGGACTGTG
GACCACCAGCTCCTGTGGGGGGAGGCCCTGCTCATCACCCCAGTGCTCCAGGCCGGGAAG
GCCGAAGTGACTGGCTACTTCCCCTTGGGCACATGGTACGACCTGCAGACGGTGCCAATA
GAGGCCCTTGGCAGCCTCCCACCCCCACCTGCAGCTCCCCGTGAGCCAGCCATCCACAGC
GAGGGGCAGTGGGTGACGCTGCCGGCCCCCCTGGACACCATCAACGTCCACCTCCGGGCT
GGGTACATCATCCCCCTGCAGGGCCCTGGCCTCACAACCACAGAGTCCCGCCAGCAGCCC
ATGGCCCTGGCTGTGGCCCTGACCAAGGGTGGAGAGGCCCGAGGGGAGCTGTTCTGGGAC
GATGGAGAGAGCCTGGAAGTGCTGGAGCGAGGGGCCTACACACAGGTCATCTTCCTGGCC
AGGAATAACACGATCGTGAATGAGCTGGTACGTGTGACCAGTGAGGGAGCTGGCCTGCAG
CTGCAGAAGGTGACTGTCCTGGGCGTGGCCACGGCGCCCCAGCAGGTCCTCTCCAACGGT
GTCCCTGTCTCCAACTTCACCTACAGCCCCGACACCAAGGTCCTGGACATCTGTGTCTCG
CTGTTGATGGGAGAGCAGTTTCTCGTCAGCTGGTGTTAG
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID Y00839 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID GAA Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID GAA Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:4065 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 3 Locus 17q25.2-q25.3
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Hoefsloot LH, Hoogeveen-Westerveld M, Kroos MA, van Beeumen J, Reuser AJ, Oostra BA: Primary structure and processing of lysosomal alpha-glucosidase; homology with the intestinal sucrase-isomaltase complex. EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1697-704. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Martiniuk F, Mehler M, Tzall S, Meredith G, Hirschhorn R: Sequence of the cDNA and 5'-flanking region for human acid alpha-glucosidase, detection of an intron in the 5' untranslated leader sequence, definition of 18-bp polymorphisms, and differences with previous cDNA and amino acid sequences. DNA Cell Biol. 1990 Mar;9(2):85-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hoefsloot LH, Hoogeveen-Westerveld M, Reuser AJ, Oostra BA: Characterization of the human lysosomal alpha-glucosidase gene. Biochem J. 1990 Dec 1;272(2):493-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lin CY, Shieh JJ: Identification of a de novo point mutation resulting in infantile form of Pompe's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Mar 17;208(2):886-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hermans MM, Kroos MA, van Beeumen J, Oostra BA, Reuser AJ: Human lysosomal alpha-glucosidase. Characterization of the catalytic site. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 25;266(21):13507-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hermans MM, Wisselaar HA, Kroos MA, Oostra BA, Reuser AJ: Human lysosomal alpha-glucosidase: functional characterization of the glycosylation sites. Biochem J. 1993 Feb 1;289 ( Pt 3):681-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Zhang H, Li XJ, Martin DB, Aebersold R: Identification and quantification of N-linked glycoproteins using hydrazide chemistry, stable isotope labeling and mass spectrometry. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 Jun;21(6):660-6. Epub 2003 May 18. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Reuser AJ, Kroos MA, Hermans MM, Bijvoet AG, Verbeet MP, Van Diggelen OP, Kleijer WJ, Van der Ploeg AT: Glycogenosis type II (acid maltase deficiency). Muscle Nerve. 1995;3:S61-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Martiniuk F, Bodkin M, Tzall S, Hirschhorn R: Identification of the base-pair substitution responsible for a human acid alpha glucosidase allele with lower "affinity" for glycogen (GAA 2) and transient gene expression in deficient cells. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Sep;47(3):440-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Zhong N, Martiniuk F, Tzall S, Hirschhorn R: Identification of a missense mutation in one allele of a patient with Pompe disease, and use of endonuclease digestion of PCR-amplified RNA to demonstrate lack of mRNA expression from the second allele. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Sep;49(3):635-45. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Hermans MM, de Graaff E, Kroos MA, Wisselaar HA, Oostra BA, Reuser AJ: Identification of a point mutation in the human lysosomal alpha-glucosidase gene causing infantile glycogenosis type II. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Sep 16;179(2):919-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Hermans MM, Kroos MA, de Graaff E, Oostra BA, Reuser AJ: Two mutations affecting the transport and maturation of lysosomal alpha-glucosidase in an adult case of glycogen storage disease type II. Hum Mutat. 1993;2(4):268-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Hermans MM, de Graaff E, Kroos MA, Wisselaar HA, Willemsen R, Oostra BA, Reuser AJ: The conservative substitution Asp-645-->Glu in lysosomal alpha-glucosidase affects transport and phosphorylation of the enzyme in an adult patient with glycogen-storage disease type II. Biochem J. 1993 Feb 1;289 ( Pt 3):687-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Martiniuk F, Mehler M, Bodkin M, Tzall S, Hirschhorn K, Zhong N, Hirschhorn R: Identification of a missense mutation in an adult-onset patient with glycogenosis type II expressing only one allele. DNA Cell Biol. 1991 Nov;10(9):681-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Hermans MM, Svetkey LP, Oostra BA, Chen YT, Reuser AJ: The loss of a polymorphic glycosylation site caused by Thr-927-->Ile is linked to a second polymorphic Val-816-->Ile substitution in lysosomal alpha-glucosidase of American blacks. Genomics. 1993 Apr;16(1):300-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Huie ML, Hirschhorn R, Chen AS, Martiniuk F, Zhong N: Mutation at the catalytic site (M519V) in glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease). Hum Mutat. 1994;4(4):291-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Huie ML, Chen AS, Brooks SS, Grix A, Hirschhorn R: A de novo 13 nt deletion, a newly identified C647W missense mutation and a deletion of exon 18 in infantile onset glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII). Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Jul;3(7):1081-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Hermans MM, De Graaff E, Kroos MA, Mohkamsing S, Eussen BJ, Joosse M, Willemsen R, Kleijer WJ, Oostra BA, Reuser AJ: The effect of a single base pair deletion (delta T525) and a C1634T missense mutation (pro545leu) on the expression of lysosomal alpha-glucosidase in patients with glycogen storage disease type II. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Dec;3(12):2213-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Boerkoel CF, Exelbert R, Nicastri C, Nichols RC, Miller FW, Plotz PH, Raben N: Leaky splicing mutation in the acid maltase gene is associated with delayed onset of glycogenosis type II. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Apr;56(4):887-97. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Huie ML, Menaker M, McAlpine PJ, Hirschhorn R: Identification of an E689K substitution as the molecular basis of the human acid alpha-glucosidase type 4 allozyme (GAA*4). Ann Hum Genet. 1996 Sep;60(Pt 5):365-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Tsunoda H, Ohshima T, Tohyama J, Sasaki M, Sakuragawa N, Martiniuk F: Acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency: identification and expression of a missense mutation (S529V) in a Japanese adult phenotype. Hum Genet. 1996 Apr;97(4):496-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Huie ML, Tsujino S, Sklower Brooks S, Engel A, Elias E, Bonthron DT, Bessley C, Shanske S, DiMauro S, Goto YI, Hirschhorn R: Glycogen storage disease type II: identification of four novel missense mutations (D645N, G648S, R672W, R672Q) and two insertions/deletions in the acid alpha-glucosidase locus of patients of differing phenotype. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Mar 27;244(3):921-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  23. Kroos MA, van Leenen D, Verbiest J, Reuser AJ, Hermans MM: Glycogen storage disease type II: identification of a dinucleotide deletion and a common missense mutation in the lysosomal alpha-glucosidase gene. Clin Genet. 1998 May;53(5):379-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  24. Hermans MM, Kroos MA, Smeitink JA, van der Ploeg AT, Kleijer WJ, Reuser AJ: Glycogen Storage Disease type II: genetic and biochemical analysis of novel mutations in infantile patients from Turkish ancestry. Hum Mutat. 1998;11(3):209-15. [PubMed Link Image]
  25. Raben N, Lee E, Lee L, Hirschhorn R, Plotz PH: Novel mutations in African American patients with glycogen storage disease Type II. Mutations in brief no. 209. Online. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(1):83-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  26. Ko TM, Hwu WL, Lin YW, Tseng LH, Hwa HL, Wang TR, Chuang SM: Molecular genetic study of Pompe disease in Chinese patients in Taiwan. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(5):380-4. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 8603
Enzyme 4 Name Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal [Includes: Maltase
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. Alpha-glucosidase
  2. Glucoamylase
  3. Glucan 1,4-alpha- glucosidase]
Enzyme 4 Gene Name MGAM
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal [Includes: Maltase
MARKKLKKFTTLEIVLSVLLLVLFIISIVLIVLLAKESLKSTAPDPGTTGTPDPGTTGTP
DPGTTGTTHARTTGPPDPGTTGTTPVSAECPVVNELERINCIPDQPPTKATCDQRGCCWN
PQGAVSVPWCYYSKNHSYHVEGNLVNTNAGFTARLKNLPSSPVFGSNVDNVLLTAEYQTS
NRFHFKLTDQTNNRFEVPHEHVQSFSGNAAASLTYQVEISRQPFSIKVTRRSNNRVLFDS
SIGPLLFADQFLQLSTRLPSTNVYGLGEHVHQQYRHDMNWKTWPIFNRDTTPNGNGTNLY
GAQTFFLCLEDASGLSFGVFLMNSNAMEVVLQPAPAITYRTIGGILDFYVFLGNTPEQVV
QEYLELIGRPALPSYWALGFHLSRYEYGTLDNMREVVERNRAAQLPYDVQHADIDYMDER
RDFTYDSVDFKGFPEFVNELHNNGQKLVIIVDPAISNNSSSSKPYGPYDRGSDMKIWVNS
SDGVTPLIGEVWPGQTVFPDYTNPNCAVWWTKEFELFHNQVEFDGIWIDMNEVSNFVDGS
VSGCSTNNLNNPPFTPRILDGYLFCKTLCMDAVQHWGKQYDIHNLYGYSMAVATAEAAKT
VFPNKRSFILTRSTFAGSGKFAAHWLGDNTATWDDLRWSIPGVLEFNLFGIPMVGPDICG
FALDTPEELCRRWMQLGAFYPFSRNHNGQGYKDQDPASFGADSLLLNSSRHYLNIRYTLL
PYLYTLFFRAHSRGDTVARPLLHEFYEDNSTWDVHQQFLWGPGLLITPVLDEGAEKVMAY
VPDAVWYDYETGSQVRWRKQKVEMELPGDKIGLHLRGGYIFPTQQPNTTTLASRKNPLGL
IIALDENKEAKGELFWDDGETKDTVANKVYLLCEFSVTQNRLEVNISQSTYKDPNNLAFN
EIKILGTEEPSNVTVKHNGVPSQTSPTVTYDSNLKVAIITDIDLLLGEAYTVEWSIKIRD
EEKIDCYPDENGASAENCTARGCIWEASNSSGVPFCYFVNDLYSVSDVQYNSHGATADIS
LKSSVYANAFPSTPVNPLRLDVTYHKNEMLQFKIYDPNKNRYEVPVPLNIPSMPSSTPEG
QLYDVLIKKNPFGIEIRRKSTGTIIWDSQLLGFTFSDMFIRISTRLPSKYLYGFGETEHR
SYRRDLEWHTWGMFSRDQPPGYKKNSYGVHPYYMGLEEDGSAHGVLLLNSNAMDVTFQPL
PALTYRTTGGVLDFYVFLGPTPELVTQQYTELIGRPVMVPYWSLGFQLCRYGYQNDSEIA
SLYDEMVAAQIPYDVQYSDIDYMERQLDFTLSPKFAGFPALINRMKADGMRVILILDPAI
SGNETQPYPAFTRGVEDDVFIKYPNDGDIVWGKVWPDFPDVVVNGSLDWDSQVELYRAYV
AFPDFFRNSTAKWWKREIEELYNNPQNPERSLKFDGMWIDMNEPSSFVNGAVSPGCRDAS
LNHPPYMPHLESRDRGLSSKTLCMESQQILPDGSLVQHYNVHNLYGWSQTRPTYEAVQEV
TGQRGVVITRSTFPSSGRWAGHWLGDNTAAWDQLKKSIIGMMEFSLFGISYTGADICGFF
QDAEYEMCVRWMQLGAFYPFSRNHNTIGTRRQDPVSWDVAFVNISRTVLQTRYTLLPYLY
TLMHKAHTEGVTVVRPLLHEFVSDQVTWDIDSQFLLGPAFLVSPVLERNARNVTAYFPRA
RWYDYYTGVDINARGEWKTLPAPLDHINLHVRGGYILPWQEPALNTHLSRQKFMGFKIAL
DDEGTAGGWLFWDDGQSIDTYGKGLYYLASFSASQNTMQSHIIFNNYITGTNPLKLGYIE
IWGVGSVPVTSVSISVSGMVITPSFNNDPTTQVLSIDVTDRNISLHNFTSLTWISTL
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 1857
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 209855
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 5.14
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 4 Specific Function May serve as an alternate pathway for starch digestion when luminal alpha-amylase activity is reduced because of immaturity or malnutrition. May play a unique role in the digestion of malted dietary oligosaccharides used in food manufacturing
Enzyme 4 Pathways
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing 1,4-linked alpha-D-glucose residues with release of alpha-D-glucose
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • 1-35
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • 14-34
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 17648144 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43451 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name MGA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >5574 bp
ATGGCAAGAAAGAAGCTGAAAAAATTTACTACTTTGGAGATTGTGCTCAGTGTTCTTCTG
CTTGTGTTGTTTATCATCAGTATTGTTCTAATTGTGCTTTTAGCCAAAGAGTCACTGAAA
TCAACAGCCCCAGATCCTGGGACAACTGGTACCCCAGATCCTGGGACAACTGGTACCCCA
GATCCTGGAACAACTGGTACCACACATGCTAGGACAACGGGTCCCCCAGATCCTGGAACA
ACTGGTACCACTCCTGTTTCTGCTGAATGTCCAGTGGTAAATGAATTGGAACGAATTAAT
TGCATCCCTGACCAGCCGCCAACAAAGGCCACATGTGACCAACGTGGCTGTTGCTGGAAT
CCCCAGGGAGCTGTAAGTGTTCCCTGGTGCTACTATTCCAAGAATCATAGCTACCATGTA
GAGGGCAACCTTGTCAACACAAATGCAGGATTCACAGCCCGGTTGAAAAATCTGCCTTCT
TCACCAGTGTTTGGAAGCAATGTTGACAATGTTCTTCTCACAGCAGAATATCAGACATCT
AATCGTTTCCACTTTAAGTTGACTGACCAAACCAATAACAGGTTTGAAGTGCCCCACGAA
CACGTGCAGTCCTTCAGTGGAAATGCTGCTGCTTCTTTGACCTACCAAGTTGAAATCTCC
AGACAGCCATTTAGCATCAAAGTGACCAGAAGAAGCAACAATCGTGTTTTGTTTGACTCG
AGCATTGGGCCCCTACTGTTTGCTGACCAGTTCTTGCAGCTCTCCACTCGACTGCCTAGC
ACTAACGTGTATGGCCTGGGAGAGCATGTGCACCAGCAGTATCGGCATGATATGAATTGG
AAGACCTGGCCCATATTTAACAGAGACACAACTCCCAATGGAAACGGAACTAATTTGTAT
GGTGCGCAGACATTCTTCTTGTGCCTTGAAGATGCTAGTGGATTGTCCTTTGGGGTGTTT
CTGATGAACAGCAATGCCATGGAGGTTGTCCTTCAGCCTGCGCCAGCCATCACTTACCGC
ACCATTGGGGGCATTCTCGACTTCTATGTGTTCTTGGGAAACACTCCAGAGCAAGTTGTT
CAAGAATATCTAGAGCTCATTGGGCGGCCAGCCCTTCCCTCCTACTGGGCGCTTGGATTT
CACCTCAGTCGTTACGAATATGGAACCTTAGACAACATGAGGGAAGTCGTGGAGAGAAAT
CGCGCAGCACAGCTCCCTTATGATGTTCAGCATGCTGATATTGATTATATGGATGAGAGA
AGGGACTTCACTTATGATTCAGTGGATTTTAAAGGCTTCCCTGAATTTGTCAACGAGTTA
CACAATAATGGACAGAAGCTTGTCATCATTGTGGATCCAGCCATCTCCAACAACTCTTCC
TCAAGTAAACCCTATGGCCCATATGACAGGGGTTCAGATATGAAGATATGGGTGAATAGT
TCAGATGGAGTGACTCCACTCATTGGGGAGGTCTGGCCTGGACAAACTGTGTTTCCTGAT
TATACCAATCCCAACTGTGCTGTTTGGTGGACAAAGGAATTTGAGCTTTTTCACAATCAA
GTAGAGTTTGATGGAATCTGGATTGATATGAATGAAGTCTCCAACTTTGTTGATGGTTCG
GTCTCAGGATGTTCCACAAACAACCTAAATAATCCCCCATTCACTCCCAGAATCCTGGAT
GGGTACCTGTTCTGCAAGACTCTCTGTATGGATGCAGTGCAGCACTGGGGCAAGCAGTAT
GACATTCACAATCTGTATGGCTACTCCATGGCGGTCGCCACAGCAGAAGCTGCCAAGACT
GTGTTCCCTAATAAGAGAAGCTTCATTCTGACCCGTTCTACCTTTGCGGGCTCTGGCAAG
TTTGCAGCACATTGGTTAGGAGACAACACTGCCACCTGGGATGACCTGAGATGGTCCATC
CCTGGCGTGCTTGAGTTCAACCTTTTTGGCATCCCAATGGTGGGTCCTGACATATGTGGC
TTTGCTTTGGACACCCCTGAGGAGCTCTGTAGGCGGTGGATGCAGTTGGGTGCATTTTAT
CCGTTTTCTAGAAATCACAATGGCCAAGGCTACAAGGACCAGGATCCTGCCTCCTTTGGA
GCTGACTCCCTGCTGTTGAATTCCTCCAGGCACTACCTTAACATCCGCTATACTCTATTG
CCCTACCTATACACCCTTTTCTTCCGTGCTCACAGCCGAGGGGACACGGTGGCCAGGCCC
CTTTTGCATGAGTTCTACGAGGACAACAGCACTTGGGATGTGCACCAACAGTTCTTATGG
GGGCCCGGCCTCCTCATCACTCCAGTTCTGGATGAAGGTGCAGAGAAAGTGATGGCATAT
GTGCCTGATGCTGTCTGGTATGACTACGAGACTGGGAGCCAAGTGAGATGGAGGAAGCAA
AAAGTCGAGATGGAACTTCCTGGAGACAAAATTGGACTTCACCTTCGAGGAGGCTACATC
TTCCCCACACAGCAGCCAAATACAACCACTCTGGCCAGTCGAAAGAACCCTCTTGGTCTT
ATCATTGCCCTAGATGAGAACAAAGAAGCAAAAGGAGAACTTTTCTGGGATGATGGGGAA
ACGAAGGATACTGTGGCCAATAAAGTGTATCTTTTATGTGAGTTTTCTGTCACTCAAAAC
CGCTTGGAGGTGAATATTTCACAATCAACCTACAAGGACCCCAATAATTTAGCATTTAAT
GAGATTAAAATTCTTGGGACGGAGGAACCTAGCAATGTTACAGTGAAACACAATGGTGTC
CCAAGTCAGACTTCTCCTACAGTCACTTATGATTCTAACCTGAAGGTTGCCATTATCACA
GATATTGATCTTCTCCTGGGAGAAGCATACACAGTGGAATGGAGCATAAAGATAAGGGAT
GAAGAAAAAATAGACTGTTACCCTGATGAGAATGGTGCTTCTGCCGAAAACTGCACTGCC
CGTGGCTGTATCTGGGAGGCATCCAATTCTTCTGGAGTCCCTTTTTGCTATTTTGTCAAC
GACCTATACTCTGTCAGTGATGTTCAGTATAATTCCCATGGGGCCACAGCTGACATCTCC
TTAAAGTCTTCCGTTTATGCCAATGCCTTCCCCTCCACACCCGTGAACCCCCTTCGCCTG
GATGTCACTTACCATAAGAATGAAATGCTGCAGTTCAAGATTTATGATCCCAACAAGAAT
CGGTATGAAGTTCCAGTCCCTCTGAACATACCCAGCATGCCATCCAGCACCCCTGAGGGT
CAACTCTATGATGTGCTCATTAAGAAGAATCCATTTGGGATTGAAATTCGCCGGAAGAGT
ACAGGCACTATAATTTGGGACTCTCAGCTCCTTGGCTTTACCTTCAGTGACATGTTTATC
CGCATCTCCACCCGCCTTCCCTCCAAGTACCTCTATGGCTTTGGGGAAACTGAGCACAGG
TCCTATAGGAGAGACTTGGAGTGGCACACTTGGGGGATGTTCTCCCGAGACCAGCCCCCA
GGGTACAAGAAGAATTCCTATGGTGTCCACCCCTACTACATGGGGCTGGAGGAGGACGGC
AGTGCCCATGGAGTGCTCCTGCTGAACAGCAATGCCATGGATGTGACGTTCCAGCCCCTG
CCTGCCTTGACATACCGCACCACAGGGGGAGTTCTGGACTTTTATGTGTTCTTGGGGCCG
ACTCCAGAGCTTGTCACCCAGCAGTACACTGAGTTGATTGGCCGGCCTGTGATGGTACCT
TACTGGTCTTTGGGGTTCCAGCTGTGTCGCTATGGCTACCAGAATGACTCTGAGATCGCC
AGCTTGTATGATGAGATGGTGGCTGCCCAGATCCCTTATGATGTGCAGTACTCAGACATC
GACTACATGGAGCGGCAGCTGGACTTCACCCTCAGCCCCAAGTTTGCTGGGTTTCCAGCT
CTGATCAATCGCATGAAGGCTGATGGGATGCGGGTCATCCTCATTCTGGATCCAGCCATT
TCTGGCAATGAGACACAGCCTTATCCTGCCTTCACTCGGGGCGTGGAGGATGACGTCTTC
ATCAAATACCCAAATGATGGAGACATTGTCTGGGGAAAGGTCTGGCCTGATTTTCCTGAT
GTTGTTGTGAATGGGTCTCTAGACTGGGACAGCCAAGTGGAGCTATATCGAGCTTATGTG
GCCTTCCCAGACTTTTTCCGTAATTCAACTGCCAAGTGGTGGAAGAGGGAAATAGAAGAA
CTATACAACAATCCACAGAATCCAGAGAGGAGCTTGAAGTTTGATGGCATGTGGATTGAT
ATGAATGAACCATCAAGCTTCGTGAATGGGGCAGTTTCTCCAGGCTGCAGGGACGCCTCT
CTGAACCACCCTCCCTACATGCCACATTTGGAGTCCAGGGACAGGGGCCTGAGCAGCAAG
ACCCTTTGTATGGAGAGTCAGCAGATCCTCCCAGACGGCTCCCTGGTGCAGCACTACAAC
GTGCACAACCTGTATGGGTGGTCCCAGACCAGACCCACATACGAAGCCGTGCAGGAGGTG
ACGGGACAGCGAGGGGTCGTCATCACCCGCTCCACATTTCCCTCTTCTGGCCGCTGGGCA
GGACATTGGCTGGGAGACAACACGGCCGCATGGGATCAGCTGAAGAAGTCTATCATTGGC
ATGATGGAGTTCAGCCTCTTCGGCATATCCTATACGGGAGCAGATATCTGTGGGTTCTTT
CAAGATGCTGAATATGAGATGTGTGTTCGCTGGATGCAGCTGGGGGCCTTTTACCCCTTC
TCAAGAAACCACAACACCATTGGGACCAGGAGACAAGACCCTGTGTCCTGGGATGTTGCT
TTTGTGAATATTTCCAGAACTGTCCTGCAGACCAGATACACCCTGTTGCCATATCTGTAT
ACCTTGATGCATAAGGCCCACACGGAGGGCGTCACTGTTGTGCGGCCTCTGCTCCATGAA
TTTGTGTCAGACCAGGTGACATGGGACATAGACAGTCAGTTCCTGCTGGGCCCAGCCTTC
CTGGTCAGCCCTGTCCTGGAGCGTAATGCCAGAAATGTCACTGCATATTTCCCTAGAGCC
CGCTGGTATGATTACTACACGGGTGTGGATATTAATGCAAGAGGAGAGTGGAAGACCTTG
CCAGCCCCTCTTGACCACATTAATCTTCATGTCCGTGGGGGCTACATCCTGCCCTGGCAA
GAGCCTGCACTGAACACCCACTTAAGCCGCCAGAAATTCATGGGCTTCAAAATTGCCTTG
GATGATGAAGGAACTGCTGGGGGCTGGCTCTTCTGGGATGATGGGCAAAGCATTGATACC
TATGGGAAAGGACTCTATTACTTGGCCAGCTTTTCTGCCAGCCAGAATACGATGCAAAGC
CATATAATTTTCAACAATTACATCACTGGTACAAATCCTTTGAAACTGGGCTACATTGAA
ATCTGGGGAGTGGGCAGTGTCCCCGTTACCAGTGTCAGCATCTCTGTGAGTGGCATGGTC
ATAACACCCTCCTTCAACAATGACCCCACGACACAGGTATTAAGCATCGATGTGACTGAC
AGAAACATCAGCCTACATAATTTTACTTCATTGACGTGGATAAGCACTCTGTGA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID AF016833 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID MGAM Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID MGAM Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:7043 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 4 Locus 7q34
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Nichols BL, Eldering J, Avery S, Hahn D, Quaroni A, Sterchi E: Human small intestinal maltase-glucoamylase cDNA cloning. Homology to sucrase-isomaltase. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 30;273(5):3076-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Naim HY, Sterchi EE, Lentze MJ: Structure, biosynthesis, and glycosylation of human small intestinal maltase-glucoamylase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Dec 25;263(36):19709-17. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Danielsen EM: Tyrosine sulfation, a post-translational modification of microvillar enzymes in the small intestinal enterocyte. EMBO J. 1987 Oct;6(10):2891-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 11581
Enzyme 5 Name Neutral alpha-glucosidase C
Enzyme 5 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Name GANC
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >Neutral alpha-glucosidase C
MEAAVKEEISVEDEAVDKNIFRDCNKIAFYRRQKQWLSKKSTYRALLDSVTTDEDSTRFQ
IINEASKVPLLAEIYGIEGNIFRLKINEETPLKPRFEVPDVLTSKPSTVRLISCSGDTGS
LILADGKGDLKCHITANPFKVDLVSEEEVVISINSLGQLYFEHLQILHKQRAAKENEEET
SVDTSQENQEDLGLWEEKFGKFVDIKANGPSSIGLDFSLHGFEHLYGIPQHAESHQLKNT
GDGDAYRLYNLDVYGYQIYDKMGIYGSVPYLLAHKLGRTIGIFWLNASETLVEINTEPAV
EYTLTQMGPVAAKQKVRSRTHVHWMSESGIIDVFLLTGPTPSDVFKQYSHLTGTQAMPPL
FSLGYHQCRWNYEDEQDVKAVDAGFDEHDIPYDAMWLDIEHTEGKRYFTWDKNRFPNPKR
MQELLRSKKRKLVVISDPHIKIDPDYSVYVKAKDQGFFVKNQEGEDFEGVCWPGLSSYLD
FTNPKVREWYSSLFAFPVYQGSTDILFLWNDMNEPSVFRGPEQTMQKNAIHHGNWEHREL
HNIYGFYHQMATAEGLIKRSKGKERPFVLTRSFFAGSQKYGAVWTGDNTAEWSNLKISIP
MLLTLSITGISFCGADIGGFIGNPETELLVRWYQAGAYQPFFRGHATMNTKRREPWLFGE
EHTRLIREAIRERYGLLPYWYSLFYHAHVASQPVMRPLWVEFPDELKTFDMEDEYMLGSA
LLVHPVTEPKATTVDVFLPGSNEVWYDYKTFAHWEGGCTVKIPVALDTIPVFQRGGSVIP
IKTTVGKSTGWMTESSYGLRVALSTKGSSVGELYLDDGHSFQYLHQKQFLHRKFSFCSSV
LINSFADQRGHYPSKCVVEKILVLGFRKEPSSVTTHSSDGKDQPVAFTYCAKTSILSLEK
LSLNIATDWEVRII
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 914
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 104349
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI Not Available
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Has alpha-glucosidase activity
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • H2O + Maltotriose --> D-Glucose + Maltose
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 25272046 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8TET4 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GANC_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID AF545044 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID GANC Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:4139 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Hirschhorn R, Huie ML, Kasper JS: Computer assisted cloning of human neutral alpha-glucosidase C (GANC): a new paralog in the glycosyl hydrolase gene family 31. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 15;99(21):13642-6. Epub 2002 Oct 7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 13037
Enzyme 6 Name Uncharacterized protein GAA
Enzyme 6 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Name GAA
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Uncharacterized protein GAA
MGVRHPPCSHRLLAVCALVSLATAALLGHILLHDFLLVPRELSGSSPVLEETHPAHQQGA
SRPGPRDAQAHPGRPRAVPTQCDVPPNSRFDCAPDKAITQEQCEARGCCYIPAKQGLQGA
QMGQPWCFFPPSYPSYKLENLSSSEMGYTATLTRTTPTFFPKDILTLRLDVMMETENRLH
FTIKDPANRRYEVPLETPHVHSRAPSPLYSVEFSEEPFGVIVRRQLDGRVLLNTTVAPLF
FADQFLQLSTSLPSQYITGLAEHLSPLMLSTSWTRITLWNRDLAPTPGANLYGSHPFYLA
LEDGGSAHGVFLLNSNAMDVVLQPSPALSWRSTGGILDVYIFLGPEPKSVVQQYLDVVGY
PFMPPYWGLGFHLCRWGYSSTAITRQVVENMTRAHFPLDVQWNDLDYMDSRRDFTFNKDG
FRDFPAMVQELHQGGRRYMMIVDPAISSSGPAGSYRPYDEGLRRGVFITNETGQPLIGKV
WPGSTAFPDFTNPTALAWWEDMVAEFHDQVPFDGMWIDMNEPSNFIRGSEDGCPNNELEN
PPYVPGVVGGTLQAATICASSHQFLSTHYNLHNLYGLTEAIASHRALVKARGTRPFVISR
STFAGHGRYAGHWTGDVWSSWEQLASSVPEILQFNLLGVPLVGADVCGFLGNTSEELCVR
WTQLGAFYPFMRNHNSLLSLPQEPYSFSEPAQQAMRKALTLRYALLPHLYTLFHQAHVAG
ETVARPLFLEFPKDSSTWTVDHQLLWGEALLITPVLQAGKAEVTGYFPLGTWYDLQTVPV
EALGSLPPPPAAPREPAIHSEGQWVTLPAPLDTINVHLRAGYIIPLQGPGLTTTESRQQP
MALAVALTKGGEARGELFWDDGESLEVLERGAYTQVIFLARNNTIVNELVRVTSEGAGLQ
LQKVTVLGVATAPQQVLSNGVPVSNFTYSPDTKARGPRVLDICVSLLMGEQFLVSWC
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 957
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 105862
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 6.04
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 6 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A6NFM4 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A6NFM4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID AC087741 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID A6NFM4 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID GAA Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:4065 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References Not Available
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available