Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2012-09-11 20:01:20 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:24:35 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0035078 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Geranial |
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Description | Geranial, also known as 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal, citral or lemonal, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Thus, citral is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid. Two different isomers of 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal exist. The E-isomer or trans-isomer is known as geranial or citral A. The Z-isomer or cis-isomer is known as neral or citral B. 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Citral is present in the oils of several plants, including lemon myrtle (90-98%), Litsea citrata (90%), Litsea cubeba, lemongrass (65-80%), lemon tea-tree (70-80%), Ocimum gratissimum, Lindera citriodora, Calypranthes parriculata, petitgrain, lemon verbena, lemon ironbark, lemon balm, lime, lemon and orange. Citral has also been reported to be found in Cannabis sativa (PMID:6991645 , 26657499 ). Citral has a strong lemon (citrus) odor. Neral's lemon odor is less intense, but sweeter. Citral is therefore an aroma compound used in perfumery for its citrus effect. Citral is also used as a flavor and for fortifying lemon oil. It has strong antimicrobial qualities (PMID:28974979 ) and pheromonal effects in nematodes and insects (PMID:26973536 ). Citral is used in the synthesis of vitamin A, lycopene, ionone, and methylionone (a compound used to mask the smell of smoke). |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C10H16O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,7-8H,4,6H2,1-3H3/b10-7+ |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2E)-Geranial | ChEBI | (e)-Citral | ChEBI | (e)-Geranial | ChEBI | alpha-Citral | ChEBI | Citral a | ChEBI | Lemonal | ChEBI | trans-Citral | ChEBI | a-Citral | Generator | Α-citral | Generator | (2E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | (e)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | (e)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dienal | HMDB | 3,7-Dimethyl-(2E)-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | 3,7-Dimethyl-(e)-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | 3,7-Dimethyl-trans-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | alpha -Citral | HMDB | beta-Geranial | HMDB | Citral-a | HMDB | Genanial | HMDB | Geranal | HMDB | trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | (Z)-Citral | MeSH, HMDB | Citral | MeSH, HMDB | (2E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al | HMDB | (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal | HMDB | (E)-Neral | HMDB | Geranaldehyde | HMDB | Geranial | HMDB | beta-Neral | HMDB | trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al | HMDB | trans-Geranial | HMDB | β-Geranial | HMDB | β-Neral | HMDB | 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al | HMDB | 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C10H16O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 152.237 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 152.120115135 |
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IUPAC Name | (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal |
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Traditional Name | α-citral |
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CAS Registry Number | 141-27-5 |
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SMILES | CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H16O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,7-8H,4,6H2,1-3H3/b10-7+ |
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InChI Key | WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Prenol lipids |
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Sub Class | Monoterpenoids |
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Direct Parent | Acyclic monoterpenoids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Acyclic monoterpenoid
- Medium-chain aldehyde
- Enal
- Alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aldehyde
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014l-9000000000-ccb0a3f327b5d2362bb9 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-131249cb1d7fb343fe10 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-dcdfd8342f2d4ce5a439 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-3c1a8e898f563c833b2c | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-90723459c49195367705 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014l-9000000000-ccb0a3f327b5d2362bb9 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-131249cb1d7fb343fe10 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-dcdfd8342f2d4ce5a439 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-3c1a8e898f563c833b2c | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-90723459c49195367705 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014l-9000000000-ccb0a3f327b5d2362bb9 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-131249cb1d7fb343fe10 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-dcdfd8342f2d4ce5a439 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-3c1a8e898f563c833b2c | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-90723459c49195367705 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014l-9000000000-ccb0a3f327b5d2362bb9 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-131249cb1d7fb343fe10 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-dcdfd8342f2d4ce5a439 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014i-9100000000-3c1a8e898f563c833b2c | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-90723459c49195367705 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0159-9300000000-625c688e32f3edaf287c | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Geranial GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-014l-9100000000-92c761fd6ee64c67e40e | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-1900000000-84bd30b4e03200f6db52 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-1010-8900000000-8aa62bcc7a1bcaa41a1e | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0gb9-9000000000-79a3e6745a117da8309b | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0900000000-21d238fd55ee29af690f | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0udi-1900000000-b84583833bad67467cf0 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-052f-9700000000-a5e231c57e7f56a65d6d | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0pb9-0900000000-70e7a03f5a911f54f098 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-0900000000-3128155f72d867d46318 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014i-9100000000-9b92fab117afca4b3a0a | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-05o0-9100000000-9c5fcd575fed478bccf6 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-05qc-9000000000-85ae79bf95f3094e7a85 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Geranial 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kf-9000000000-1a9a16cf8ea66689ce6a | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted) | 2022-08-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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