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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:01 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000374
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00374
Metabolite Identification
Common Name17-Hydroxyprogesterone
Description17-Hydroxyprogesterone also known as 17-OH progesterone (17-OHP), or hydroxyprogesterone (OHP), is an endogenous progestogen steroid hormone related to progesterone. Formally it is a 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is found in all vertebrates. It is a chemical intermediate in the biosynthesis of many endogenous steroids, including androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and neurosteroids. In particular, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydrocortisone and gonadal steroid hormones. It is derived from progesterone via the enzyme known as 17-hydroxylase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme also known as CYP17A1. It can also be biosynthesized from 17-hydroxypregnenolone via the enzyme 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta5-4 isomerase (PMID: 1955079 ). 17-OHP is an agonist of the progesterone receptor (PR). It is also an antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) as well as a partial agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is a natural progestin and in pregnancy it increases in the third trimester primarily due to fetal adrenal production. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is primarily produced in the adrenal glands and to some degree in the gonads, specifically the corpus luteum of the ovary. Normal levels are 3-90 ng/dl in children, and in women, 15-70 ng/dl prior to ovulation, and 35-290 ng/dl during the luteal phase. Measurements of levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone are useful in the evaluation of patients with suspected congenital adrenal hyperplasia as the typical enzymes that are defective, namely 21-hydroxylase, lead to a build-up of 17-OHP. 17-OHP levels can also be used to measure contribution of progestational activity of the corpus luteum during pregnancy as progesterone but not 17-OHP is also contributed by the placenta.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC21H30O3
Average Molecular Weight330.4611
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight330.219494826
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-acetyl-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
Traditional Name(1S,2R,10R,11S,14R,15S)-14-acetyl-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
CAS Registry Number68-96-2
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(C)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H30O3/c1-13(22)21(24)11-8-18-16-5-4-14-12-15(23)6-9-19(14,2)17(16)7-10-20(18,21)3/h12,16-18,24H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t16-,17+,18+,19+,20+,21+/m1/s1
InChI KeyDBPWSSGDRRHUNT-CEGNMAFCSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure based on a hydroxylated prostane moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassPregnane steroids
Direct ParentGluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Progestogin-skeleton
  • 20-oxosteroid
  • 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid
  • 3-oxosteroid
  • 17-hydroxysteroid
  • Oxosteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • Delta-4-steroid
  • Cyclohexenone
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Tertiary alcohol
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Ketone
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point219 - 220 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.0065 mg/mLNot Available
LogP3.17HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available185.7http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000190
[M+H]+Not Available185.7http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000190
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Adrenal Cortex
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Phenylketonuria
  1. Elvers LH, Loeber JG, Dhondt JL, Fukushi M, Hannon WH, Torresani T, Webster D: First ISNS Reference Preparation for Neonatal Screening for thyrotropin, phenylalanine and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in blood spots. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2007 Aug;30(4):609. Epub 2007 Jun 14. [PubMed:17574536 ]
21-Hydroxylase deficiency
  1. Turcu AF, Rege J, Chomic R, Liu J, Nishimoto HK, Else T, Moraitis AG, Palapattu GS, Rainey WE, Auchus RJ: Profiles of 21-Carbon Steroids in 21-hydroxylase Deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jun;100(6):2283-90. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-1023. Epub 2015 Apr 7. [PubMed:25850025 ]
  2. White PC, Speiser PW: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocr Rev. 2000 Jun;21(3):245-91. doi: 10.1210/edrv.21.3.0398. [PubMed:10857554 ]
  3. Warinner SA, Zimmerman D, Thompson GB, Grant CS: Study of three patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated by bilateral adrenalectomy. World J Surg. 2000 Nov;24(11):1347-52. [PubMed:11038205 ]
  4. Gmyrek GA, New MI, Sosa RE, Poppas DP: Bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy as a treatment for classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia attributable to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Pediatrics. 2002 Feb;109(2):E28. [PubMed:11826238 ]
  5. Falhammar H, Wedell A, Nordenstrom A: Biochemical and genetic diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocrine. 2015 Nov;50(2):306-14. doi: 10.1007/s12020-015-0731-6. Epub 2015 Sep 4. [PubMed:26336836 ]
  6. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 deficiency
  1. Hattori N, Ishihara T, Moridera K, Hino M, Ikekubo K, Kurahachi H: A case of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to partial 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency. Endocr J. 1993 Feb;40(1):107-9. [PubMed:7951484 ]
  2. Lutfallah C, Wang W, Mason JI, Chang YT, Haider A, Rich B, Castro-Magana M, Copeland KC, David R, Pang S: Newly proposed hormonal criteria via genotypic proof for type II 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jun;87(6):2611-22. doi: 10.1210/jcem.87.6.8615. [PubMed:12050224 ]
  3. Guven A, Polat S: Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumor in Two Brothers with a Novel Mutation in the 3-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase-2 Gene. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017 Mar 1;9(1):85-90. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.3306. Epub 2016 Jul 29. [PubMed:27476613 ]
11-beta-Hydroxylase deficiency
  1. Burren CP, Montalto J, Yong AB, Batch JA: CYP11 beta 1 (11-beta-hydroxylase) deficiency in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Paediatr Child Health. 1996 Oct;32(5):433-8. [PubMed:8933406 ]
Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis
  1. Fukami M, Hasegawa T, Horikawa R, Ohashi T, Nishimura G, Homma K, Ogata T: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency in three patients initially regarded as having 21-hydroxylase deficiency and/or aromatase deficiency: diagnostic value of urine steroid hormone analysis. Pediatr Res. 2006 Feb;59(2):276-80. doi: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000195825.31504.28. [PubMed:16439592 ]
Adrenal insufficiency, congenital, with 46,XY sex reversal, partial or complete
  1. Kim CJ, Lin L, Huang N, Quigley CA, AvRuskin TW, Achermann JC, Miller WL: Severe combined adrenal and gonadal deficiency caused by novel mutations in the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Mar;93(3):696-702. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-2330. Epub 2008 Jan 8. [PubMed:18182448 ]
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, due to 21-Hydroxylase-Deficiency
  1. Schwarz E, Liu A, Randall H, Haslip C, Keune F, Murray M, Longo N, Pasquali M: Use of steroid profiling by UPLC-MS/MS as a second tier test in newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia: the Utah experience. Pediatr Res. 2009 Aug;66(2):230-5. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181aa3777. [PubMed:19390483 ]
Bartter Syndrome, Type 2, Antenatal
  1. Chan WK, To KF, Tong JH, Law CW: Paradoxical hypertension and salt wasting in Type II Bartter syndrome. Clin Kidney J. 2012 Jun;5(3):217-20. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfs026. Epub 2012 Mar 29. [PubMed:26069767 ]
Lipoid Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
  1. Fujieda K, Tajima T, Nakae J, Sageshima S, Tachibana K, Suwa S, Sugawara T, Strauss JF 3rd: Spontaneous puberty in 46,XX subjects with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. Ovarian steroidogenesis is spared to some extent despite inactivating mutations in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene. J Clin Invest. 1997 Mar 15;99(6):1265-71. doi: 10.1172/JCI119284. [PubMed:9077535 ]
Rheumatoid arthritis
  1. Straub RH, Weidler C, Demmel B, Herrmann M, Kees F, Schmidt M, Scholmerich J, Schedel J: Renal clearance and daily excretion of cortisol and adrenal androgens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Aug;63(8):961-8. [PubMed:15249323 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 261600 (Phenylketonuria)
  • 201910 (21-Hydroxylase deficiency)
  • 201810 (Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 deficiency)
  • 202010 (11-beta-Hydroxylase deficiency)
  • 201750 (Antley-Bixler syndrome with genital anomalies and disordered steroidogenesis)
  • 613743 (Adrenal insufficiency, congenital, with 46,XY sex reversal, partial or complete)
  • 201910 (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, due to 21-Hydroxylase-Deficiency)
  • 241200 (Bartter Syndrome, Type 2, Antenatal)
  • 201710 (Lipoid Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia)
  • 180300 (Rheumatoid arthritis)
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB021992
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID6002
KEGG Compound IDC01176
BioCyc ID17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE
BiGG ID36989
Wikipedia LinkHydroxyprogesterone
METLIN ID5363
PubChem Compound6238
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17252
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH ID17AHPRGSTRN
MarkerDB IDMDB00000154
Good Scents IDrw1368781
References
Synthesis ReferenceSchneider, Carlos; Silva, Mario; Zunza, Hilda; Becerra, Jose. Synthesis of 17.alpha.-hydroxyprogesterone from androstenedione. Boletin de la Sociedad Chilena de Quimica (1999), 44(2), 167-172.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Converts progesterone to its inactive form, 20-alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone (20-alpha-OHP). In the liver and intestine, may have a role in the transport of bile. May have a role in monitoring the intrahepatic bile acid concentration. Has a low bile-binding ability. May play a role in myelin formation.
Gene Name:
AKR1C1
Uniprot ID:
Q04828
Molecular weight:
36788.02
Reactions
17alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one + NAD(P)(+) → 17-Hydroxyprogesterone + NAD(P)Hdetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Has steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase activity. In addition to this activity, the 18 or 19-hydroxylation of steroids and the aromatization of androstendione to estrone have also been ascribed to cytochrome P450 XIB.
Gene Name:
CYP11B1
Uniprot ID:
P15538
Molecular weight:
57572.44
Reactions
17-Hydroxyprogesterone + Reduced ferredoxin + Oxygen → 21-Deoxycortisol + Oxidized ferredoxin + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Conversion of pregnenolone and progesterone to their 17-alpha-hydroxylated products and subsequently to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione. Catalyzes both the 17-alpha-hydroxylation and the 17,20-lyase reaction. Involved in sexual development during fetal life and at puberty.
Gene Name:
CYP17A1
Uniprot ID:
P05093
Molecular weight:
57369.995
Reactions
Progesterone + Reduced acceptor + Oxygen → 17-Hydroxyprogesterone + Acceptor + Waterdetails
17-Hydroxyprogesterone + Reduced acceptor + Oxygen → Androstenedione + Acetic acid + Acceptor + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
3-beta-HSD is a bifunctional enzyme, that catalyzes the oxidative conversion of Delta(5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroid, and the oxidative conversion of ketosteroids. The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids. Efficiently catalyzes the transformation of pregnenolone to progesterone, 17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone to 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, DHEA to 4-androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone to 5-alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol, dehydroepiandrosterone to androstenedione and 5-alpha-androstan-3 beta,17 beta-diol to 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone.
Gene Name:
HSD3B1
Uniprot ID:
P14060
Molecular weight:
42251.25
Reactions
17a-Hydroxypregnenolone + NAD → 17-Hydroxyprogesterone + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
3-beta-HSD is a bifunctional enzyme, that catalyzes the oxidative conversion of Delta(5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroid, and the oxidative conversion of ketosteroids. The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids.
Gene Name:
HSD3B2
Uniprot ID:
P26439
Molecular weight:
42051.845
Reactions
17a-Hydroxypregnenolone + NAD → 17-Hydroxyprogesterone + NADH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of 11-deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone via corticosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone.
Gene Name:
CYP11B2
Uniprot ID:
P19099
Molecular weight:
57559.62
Reactions
17-Hydroxyprogesterone + Reduced ferredoxin + Oxygen → 21-Deoxycortisol + Oxidized ferredoxin + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
CYP21A2
Uniprot ID:
Q08AG9
Molecular weight:
55972.9
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Specifically catalyzes the 21-hydroxylation of steroids. Required for the adrenal synthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids.
Gene Name:
CYP21A2
Uniprot ID:
P08686
Molecular weight:
56000.94
Reactions
17-Hydroxyprogesterone + Reduced acceptor + Oxygen → Cortexolone + Acceptor + Waterdetails