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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:02 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000494
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00494
Metabolite Identification
Common NameStigmastanol
DescriptionStigmastanol, also known as sitostanol or (3b)-stigmastan-3-ol, belongs to stigmastanes and derivatives class of compounds. Those are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24. Stigmastanol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Stigmastanol can be found primarily in blood and feces, as well as in human skeletal muscle tissue. Stigmastanol can be found anywhere throughout the human cell, such as in in the peroxisome, in the cytoplasm, in the Golgi apparatus, and in the membrane (predicted from logP). It can also be found in the extracellular space. Moreover, stigmastanol is found to be associated with sitosterolemia, an inborn error of metabolism. Stigmastanol (sitostanol) is a phytosterol found in a variety of plant sources. Similar to sterol esters and stanol esters, stigmastanol inhibits the absorption of cholesterol from the diet. Animal studies suggest that it also inhibits biosynthesis of cholesterol in the liver (Wikipedia ). Stigmastanol is plant stanol. It can decrease the circulating LDL-cholesterol level by reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption (PMID 16910223 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC29H52O
Average Molecular Weight416.734
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight416.401816294
IUPAC Name(1S,2S,5S,10R,11S,14R,15R)-14-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-5-ol
Traditional Namestigmastane-3-β-ol
CAS Registry Number83-45-4
SMILES
CC[C@H](CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CCC4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)C(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C29H52O/c1-7-21(19(2)3)9-8-20(4)25-12-13-26-24-11-10-22-18-23(30)14-16-28(22,5)27(24)15-17-29(25,26)6/h19-27,30H,7-18H2,1-6H3/t20-,21-,22?,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-/m1/s1
InChI KeyLGJMUZUPVCAVPU-KZXGMYDKSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as stigmastanes and derivatives. These are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassStigmastanes and derivatives
Direct ParentStigmastanes and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Triterpenoid
  • Stigmastane-skeleton
  • C24-propyl-sterol-skeleton
  • 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point144 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • Lysosome
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Peroxisome
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
Tissue Locations
  • Skeletal Muscle
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified2.8 +/- 8.8 uMAdult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified168.0 +/- 2.8 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothPhytosterolemia details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Sitosterolemia
  1. Lutjohann D, Bjorkhem I, Beil UF, von Bergmann K: Sterol absorption and sterol balance in phytosterolemia evaluated by deuterium-labeled sterols: effect of sitostanol treatment. J Lipid Res. 1995 Aug;36(8):1763-73. [PubMed:7595097 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
  2. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  3. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00025214
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC11682
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkStigmastanol
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound72340
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID9479
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1818711
References
Synthesis ReferenceBengtsson, B. E. A comparison between sitostanol and stigmastanol. Z. physiol. Chem. (1935), 237 46-51.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Miller TR, Anderson RJ, Linas SL, Henrich WL, Berns AS, Gabow PA, Schrier RW: Urinary diagnostic indices in acute renal failure: a prospective study. Ann Intern Med. 1978 Jul;89(1):47-50. [PubMed:666184 ]
  2. Connor WE, Lin DS, Pappu AS, Frohlich J, Gerhard G: Dietary sitostanol and campestanol: accumulation in the blood of humans with sitosterolemia and xanthomatosis and in rat tissues. Lipids. 2005 Sep;40(9):919-23. [PubMed:16331855 ]
  3. Skrede B, Bjorkhem I, Bergesen O, Kayden HJ, Skrede S: The presence of 5 alpha-sitostanol in the serum of a patient with phytosterolemia, and its biosynthesis from plant steroids in rats with bile fistula. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Oct 2;836(3):368-75. [PubMed:4041477 ]
  4. Devaraj S, Jialal I: The role of dietary supplementation with plant sterols and stanols in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Nutr Rev. 2006 Jul;64(7 Pt 1):348-54. [PubMed:16910223 ]
  5. Phillips KM, Ruggio DM, Bailey JA: Precise quantitative determination of phytosterols, stanols, and cholesterol metabolites in human serum by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Sep 10;732(1):17-29. [PubMed:10517218 ]
  6. Trump DL: Serious hyponatremia in patients with cancer: management with demeclocycline. Cancer. 1981 Jun 15;47(12):2908-12. [PubMed:6790160 ]
  7. Ostlund RE Jr, Spilburg CA, Stenson WF: Sitostanol administered in lecithin micelles potently reduces cholesterol absorption in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Nov;70(5):826-31. [PubMed:10539742 ]