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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2013-12-17 17:00:44 UTC
Update Date2020-11-09 23:21:49 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0061385
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB61385
Metabolite Identification
Common NameTriclosan
DescriptionTriclosan is an antibacterial and antifungal agent. It is a polychloro phenoxy phenol. It is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in personal care products such as soaps, skin creams, toothpaste and deodorants as well as in household items such as plastic chopping boards, sports equipment and shoes. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at the present time there is no evidence that triclosan in personal care products provides an extra benefit to health beyond its anti-gingivitis effect in toothpaste. The FDA does not recommend changing consumer use of triclosan containing products one way or the other due to currently insufficient safety evidence. Studies by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found triclosan to be an effective antibacterial. Triclosan safety is currently under review by the FDA and Health Canada. Triclosan is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. 
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC12H7Cl3O2
Average Molecular Weight289.542
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight287.951162589
IUPAC Name5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol
Traditional Nametriclosan
CAS Registry Number3380-34-5
SMILES
OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C12H7Cl3O2/c13-7-1-3-11(9(15)5-7)17-12-4-2-8(14)6-10(12)16/h1-6,16H
InChI KeyXEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diphenylethers. These are aromatic compounds containing two benzene rings linked to each other through an ether group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassDiphenylethers
Direct ParentDiphenylethers
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Diphenylether
  • Diaryl ether
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Phenol ether
  • 1,3-dichlorobenzene
  • 3-chlorophenol
  • 3-halophenol
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Phenol
  • Chlorobenzene
  • Halobenzene
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Ether
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Breast Milk
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB08604
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC12059
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkTriclosan
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5564
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID164200
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDMDB00029827
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceMichael A. Mitchell, “Process For Producing Triclosan-Coated Superabsorbents.” U.S. Patent US20120157302, issued June 21, 2012.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Moss T, Howes D, Williams FM: Percutaneous penetration and dermal metabolism of triclosan (2,4, 4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether). Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 Apr;38(4):361-70. [PubMed:10722890 ]
  2. Russell AD: Whither triclosan? J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 May;53(5):693-5. Epub 2004 Apr 8. [PubMed:15073159 ]
  3. Heath RJ, Rubin JR, Holland DR, Zhang E, Snow ME, Rock CO: Mechanism of triclosan inhibition of bacterial fatty acid synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 16;274(16):11110-4. [PubMed:10196195 ]
  4. Fan F, Yan K, Wallis NG, Reed S, Moore TD, Rittenhouse SF, DeWolf WE Jr, Huang J, McDevitt D, Miller WH, Seefeld MA, Newlander KA, Jakas DR, Head MS, Payne DJ: Defining and combating the mechanisms of triclosan resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002 Nov;46(11):3343-7. [PubMed:12384334 ]
  5. Fang JL, Stingley RL, Beland FA, Harrouk W, Lumpkins DL, Howard P: Occurrence, efficacy, metabolism, and toxicity of triclosan. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2010 Jul;28(3):147-71. doi: 10.1080/10590501.2010.504978. [PubMed:20859822 ]
  6. ON THE FATE OF TRICLOSAN IN HUMANS [Link]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of catecholamines, phenolic drugs and neurotransmitters. Has also estrogen sulfotransferase activity. responsible for the sulfonation and activation of minoxidil. Is Mediates the metabolic activation of carcinogenic N-hydroxyarylamines to DNA binding products and could so participate as modulating factor of cancer risk.
Gene Name:
SULT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P50225
Molecular weight:
34165.13
References
  1. Wang LQ, Falany CN, James MO: Triclosan as a substrate and inhibitor of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase in human liver fractions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Oct;32(10):1162-9. Epub 2004 Jul 21. [PubMed:15269185 ]
General function:
Involved in sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of estradiol and estrone. May play a role in the regulation of estrogen receptor activity by metabolizing free estradiol. Maximally sulfates beta-estradiol and estrone at concentrations of 20 nM. Also sulfates dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone, ethinylestradiol, equalenin, diethylstilbesterol and 1-naphthol, at significantly higher concentrations; however, cortisol, testosterone and dopamine are not sulfated.
Gene Name:
SULT1E1
Uniprot ID:
P49888
Molecular weight:
35126.185
References
  1. Wang LQ, Falany CN, James MO: Triclosan as a substrate and inhibitor of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase in human liver fractions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Oct;32(10):1162-9. Epub 2004 Jul 21. [PubMed:15269185 ]
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
References
  1. Wang LQ, Falany CN, James MO: Triclosan as a substrate and inhibitor of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase in human liver fractions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Oct;32(10):1162-9. Epub 2004 Jul 21. [PubMed:15269185 ]