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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2017-03-23 01:48:39 UTC
Update Date2022-10-24 19:44:14 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0062468
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB62468
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDocosanoylcarnitine
DescriptionDocosanoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine. More specifically, it is an docosanoic acid ester of carnitine. Acylcarnitines were first discovered more than 70 year ago (PMID: 13825279 ). It is believed that there are more than 1000 types of acylcarnitines in the human body. The general role of acylcarnitines is to transport acyl-groups (organic acids and fatty acids) from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria so that they can be broken down to produce energy.  This process is known as beta-oxidation. According to a recent review (PMID: 35710135 ), acylcarnitines (ACs) can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the type and size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain ACs; 2) medium-chain ACs; 3) long-chain ACs; 4) very long-chain ACs; 5) hydroxy ACs; 6) branched chain ACs; 7) unsaturated ACs; 8) dicarboxylic ACs and 9) miscellaneous ACs. Short-chain ACs have acyl-groups with two to five carbons (C2-C5), medium-chain ACs have acyl-groups with six to thirteen carbons (C6-C13), long-chain ACs have acyl-groups with fourteen to twenty once carbons (C14-C21) and very long-chain ACs have acyl groups with more than 22 carbons. Docosanoylcarnitine is therefore classified as a very-long chain AC. As a very long-chain acylcarnitine docosanoylcarnitine is generally formed in the cytoplasm from very long acyl groups synthesized by fatty acid synthases or obtained from the diet. Very-long-chain fatty acids are generally too long to be involved in mitochondrial beta-oxidation. As a result peroxisomes are the main organelle where very-long-chain fatty acids are metabolized and their acylcarnitines synthesized (PMID: 18793625 ). Altered levels of very long-chain acylcarnitines can serve as useful markers for inherited disorders of peroxisomal metabolism. It is also decreased in the blood or plasma of individuals with acute cerebral infarction (PMID: 29265114 ). Docosanoylcarnitine is elevated in the urine of individuals with Zellweger syndrome (PMID: 18793625 ), infantile refsum disease (PMID: 18793625 ), and D-bifunctional protein deficiency (PMID: 18793625 ).  The study of acylcarnitines is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acylcarnitines will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered. An excellent review of the current state of knowledge for acylcarnitines is available (PMID: 35710135 ).
Structure
Data?1563866316
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-(Docosyloxy)-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoateChEBI
BehenoylcarnitineChEBI
DocosanoylcarnitineChEBI
O-DocosanoylcarnitineChEBI
3-(Docosyloxy)-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoic acidGenerator
Chemical FormulaC29H57NO4
Average Molecular Weight483.778
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight483.428759319
IUPAC Name3-(docosanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
Traditional Name3-(docosanoyloxy)-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C29H57NO4/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-29(33)34-27(25-28(31)32)26-30(2,3)4/h27H,5-26H2,1-4H3
InChI KeyIUMXSSOVGPXXJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acid esters
Direct ParentAcyl carnitines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Acyl-carnitine
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Tetraalkylammonium salt
  • Quaternary ammonium salt
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Carboxylic acid salt
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic salt
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility8.6e-06 g/lALOGPS
LogP3.97ALOGPS
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP3.97ALOGPS
logP4.7ChemAxon
logS-7.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.22ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-7.1ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area66.43 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count26ChemAxon
Refractivity164.68 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability62.87 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+225.11930932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-221.19830932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-257.64230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+233.93430932474
AllCCS[M+H]+243.332859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+241.932859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+244.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+244.932859911
AllCCS[M-H]-230.032859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-232.432859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-235.232859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
DocosanoylcarnitineCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C3463.1Standard polar33892256
DocosanoylcarnitineCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C3061.2Standard non polar33892256
DocosanoylcarnitineCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C3320.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Docosanoylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Docosanoylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Docosanoylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0000900000-eaeea59ffa97e6e413ec2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Docosanoylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0019-9000500000-22e27eb1524a74b4ca9f2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Docosanoylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-9000000000-e9262cbaff8cb4ad0ba62021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound71464577
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID73105
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  2. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  3. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  4. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  5. FRITZ IB: Action of carnitine on long chain fatty acid oxidation by liver. Am J Physiol. 1959 Aug;197:297-304. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.2.297. [PubMed:13825279 ]
  6. Duranti G, Boenzi S, Rizzo C, Rava L, Di Ciommo V, Carrozzo R, Meschini MC, Johnson DW, Dionisi-Vici C: Urine acylcarnitine analysis by ESI-MS/MS: a new tool for the diagnosis of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders. Clin Chim Acta. 2008 Dec;398(1-2):86-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.08.018. Epub 2008 Aug 28. [PubMed:18793625 ]
  7. Zhang X, Li Y, Liang Y, Sun P, Wu X, Song J, Sun X, Hong M, Gao P, Deng D: Distinguishing Intracerebral Hemorrhage from Acute Cerebral Infarction through Metabolomics. Rev Invest Clin. 2017 Nov-Dec;69(6):319-328. doi: 10.24875/RIC.17002348. [PubMed:29265114 ]
  8. Dambrova M, Makrecka-Kuka M, Kuka J, Vilskersts R, Nordberg D, Attwood MM, Smesny S, Sen ZD, Guo AC, Oler E, Tian S, Zheng J, Wishart DS, Liepinsh E, Schioth HB: Acylcarnitines: Nomenclature, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Potential, Drug Targets, and Clinical Trials. Pharmacol Rev. 2022 Jul;74(3):506-551. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000408. [PubMed:35710135 ]
  9. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.