Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2017-03-23 04:24:30 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:30:59 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0062557 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | N-Acetylthreonine |
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Description | N-Acetyl-L-threonine (or N-Acetylthreonine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as N-acyl-alpha amino acids. N-acyl-alpha amino acids are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at its terminal nitrogen atom. N-Acetylthreonine can also be classified as an alpha amino acid or a derivatized alpha amino acid. Technically, N-Acetylthreonine is a biologically available N-terminal capped form of the proteinogenic alpha amino acid L-threonine. N-acetyl amino acids can be produced either via direct synthesis of specific N-acetyltransferases or via the proteolytic degradation of N-acetylated proteins by specific hydrolases. N-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in protection and stability of proteins (PMID: 16465618 ). About 85% of all human proteins and 68% of all yeast proteins are acetylated at their N-terminus (PMID: 21750686 ). Several proteins from prokaryotes and archaea are also modified by N-terminal acetylation. The majority of eukaryotic N-terminal-acetylation reactions occur through N-acetyltransferase enzymes or NAT’s (PMID: 30054468 ). These enzymes consist of three main oligomeric complexes NatA, NatB, and NatC, which are composed of at least a unique catalytic subunit and one unique ribosomal anchor. The substrate specificities of different NAT enzymes are mainly determined by the identities of the first two N-terminal residues of the target protein. The human NatA complex co-translationally acetylates N-termini that bear a small amino acid (A, S, T, C, and occasionally V and G) (PMID: 30054468 ). NatA also exists in a monomeric state and can post-translationally acetylate acidic N-termini residues (D-, E-). NatB and NatC acetylate N-terminal methionine with further specificity determined by the identity of the second amino acid. N-acetylated amino acids, such as N-acetylthreonine can be released by an N-acylpeptide hydrolase from peptides generated by proteolytic degradation (PMID: 16465618 ). In addition to the NAT enzymes and protein-based acetylation, N-acetylation of free threonine can also occur. Excessive amounts N-acetyl amino acids including N-acetylthreonine (as well as N-acetylglycine, N-acetylserine, N-acetylmethionine, N-acetylglutamate, N-acetylalanine, N-acetylleucine and smaller amounts of N-acetylglutamine, N-acetylisoleucine, and N-acetylvaline) can be detected in the urine with individuals with acylase I deficiency, a genetic disorder (PMID: 16465618 ). Aminoacylase I is a soluble homodimeric zinc binding enzyme that catalyzes the formation of free aliphatic amino acids from N-acetylated precursors. In humans, Aminoacylase I is encoded by the aminoacylase 1 gene (ACY1) on chromosome 3p21 that consists of 15 exons (OMIM 609924 ). Individuals with aminoacylase I deficiency will experience convulsions, hearing loss and difficulty feeding (PMID: 16465618 ). ACY1 can also catalyze the reverse reaction, the synthesis of acetylated amino acids. Many N-acetylamino acids, including N-acetylthreonine are classified as uremic toxins if present in high abundance in the serum or plasma (PMID: 26317986 ; PMID: 20613759 ). Uremic toxins are a diverse group of endogenously produced molecules that, if not properly cleared or eliminated by the kidneys, can cause kidney damage, cardiovascular disease and neurological deficits (PMID: 18287557 ). N-Acetylthreonine has been identified in the human placenta (PMID: 32033212 ). |
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Structure | C[C@@H](O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)C(O)=O InChI=1S/C6H11NO4/c1-3(8)5(6(10)11)7-4(2)9/h3,5,8H,1-2H3,(H,7,9)(H,10,11)/t3-,5+/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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Ammonium N-acetyl-L-threoninate | HMDB | Methylammonium N-acetyl-L-threoninate | HMDB | N-Acetyl-L-threonine | HMDB | N-Acetylthreonine | MeSH |
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Chemical Formula | C6H11NO4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 161.1558 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 161.068807845 |
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IUPAC Name | (2S,3R)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxybutanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | (2S,3R)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxybutanoic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 17093-74-2 |
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SMILES | C[C@@H](O)[C@H](NC(C)=O)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C6H11NO4/c1-3(8)5(6(10)11)7-4(2)9/h3,5,8H,1-2H3,(H,7,9)(H,10,11)/t3-,5+/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | PEDXUVCGOLSNLQ-WUJLRWPWSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-acyl-l-alpha-amino acids. These are n-acylated alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Amino acids, peptides, and analogues |
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Direct Parent | N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - N-acyl-l-alpha-amino acid
- Beta-hydroxy acid
- Short-chain hydroxy acid
- Hydroxy acid
- Fatty acid
- Acetamide
- Carboxamide group
- Secondary alcohol
- Secondary carboxylic acid amide
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Carbonyl group
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 14.6 g/l | ALOGPS | LogP | -0.60 | ALOGPS |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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N-Acetylthreonine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1404.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,1TMS,isomer #2 | CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O | 1404.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,1TMS,isomer #3 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O)[Si](C)(C)C | 1439.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1511.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,2TMS,isomer #2 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1522.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,2TMS,isomer #3 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)[Si](C)(C)C | 1467.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,3TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1567.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,3TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1577.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,3TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C | 1618.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1648.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O | 1635.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,1TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1683.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1934.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1971.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,2TBDMS,isomer #3 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1932.4 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2205.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2207.6 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | N-Acetylthreonine,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2081.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9200000000-1d2038b89692da4749cd | 2017-09-20 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-024u-9344000000-535eeae0147574da8de6 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-05fr-9100000000-3c15d1d8d68f1a796523 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-3b51aead01a04d6109a0 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00dl-9000000000-fdbccb95d44386e1d1a5 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-7072d439f6589c40cb9f | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9000000000-36c456db87ed51ca8880 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00di-9300000000-c59e1f6b7b2296f6ad1a | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 0V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0229-1900000000-a86fc91de4c040517027 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052f-9000000000-e50ba11b3f86dca9c8c3 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 0V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-2900000000-86b17a4013bd30e56cab | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0002-9100000000-46ba61bba8ee9f4a6148 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-d79d4a04defbc4290584 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-9600000000-5ad7e5d501555257a3ad | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-7900000000-2972d3f17d61fb0ed9ee | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-965a8c0a9636a8724ed7 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-0900000000-c32d4033c8fd61a8c5aa | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fxy-3900000000-a7995b3f78d81ed455b1 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0f6t-9700000000-72bec44e7b7e910b1603 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03xr-1900000000-265c5142fb5376e3a542 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014j-6900000000-f90c41a1366e69385137 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0abc-9100000000-50328b9e8ed90ea07c88 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0i00-2900000000-606f198cea758ab26408 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0fxw-9800000000-5b2da7ce6b2a4af20aa8 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-996228af0c7ea7edb5d9 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00r6-2900000000-a19400d9592f5d1a9637 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - N-Acetylthreonine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0fka-9500000000-0450cf4fbdcfa653bb87 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-04 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Cancer patients undergoing total body irradiation | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Cancer patients undergoing total body irradiation | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Colorectal cancer |
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- Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 152204 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 45826 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Sass JO, Mohr V, Olbrich H, Engelke U, Horvath J, Fliegauf M, Loges NT, Schweitzer-Krantz S, Moebus R, Weiler P, Kispert A, Superti-Furga A, Wevers RA, Omran H: Mutations in ACY1, the gene encoding aminoacylase 1, cause a novel inborn error of metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Mar;78(3):401-9. Epub 2006 Jan 18. [PubMed:16465618 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
- Tanaka H, Sirich TL, Plummer NS, Weaver DS, Meyer TW: An Enlarged Profile of Uremic Solutes. PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):e0135657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135657. eCollection 2015. [PubMed:26317986 ]
- Van Damme P, Hole K, Pimenta-Marques A, Helsens K, Vandekerckhove J, Martinho RG, Gevaert K, Arnesen T: NatF contributes to an evolutionary shift in protein N-terminal acetylation and is important for normal chromosome segregation. PLoS Genet. 2011 Jul;7(7):e1002169. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002169. Epub 2011 Jul 7. [PubMed:21750686 ]
- Ree R, Varland S, Arnesen T: Spotlight on protein N-terminal acetylation. Exp Mol Med. 2018 Jul 27;50(7):1-13. doi: 10.1038/s12276-018-0116-z. [PubMed:30054468 ]
- Toyohara T, Akiyama Y, Suzuki T, Takeuchi Y, Mishima E, Tanemoto M, Momose A, Toki N, Sato H, Nakayama M, Hozawa A, Tsuji I, Ito S, Soga T, Abe T: Metabolomic profiling of uremic solutes in CKD patients. Hypertens Res. 2010 Sep;33(9):944-52. doi: 10.1038/hr.2010.113. Epub 2010 Jul 8. [PubMed:20613759 ]
- Vanholder R, Baurmeister U, Brunet P, Cohen G, Glorieux G, Jankowski J: A bench to bedside view of uremic toxins. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 May;19(5):863-70. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007121377. Epub 2008 Feb 20. [PubMed:18287557 ]
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