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Showing metabocard for Pyroglutamic acid (HMDB0000267)

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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-05-30 20:55:58 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000267
Secondary Accession Numbers
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePyroglutamic acid
Description
Structure
Thumb
MOL3D MOLSDF3D SDFPDB3D PDBSMILESInChI

MOL for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

       
  Mrv1652309032023592D          

  9  9  0  0  1  0            999 V2000
   13.9994   -9.9706    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.6668  -10.4556    0.0000 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.3319  -10.4556    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.9994   -9.1456    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.4119  -11.2402    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.5869  -11.2402    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.2849   -8.7331    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.7139   -8.7331    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.8968  -11.9076    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  0  0  0  0
  1  4  1  1  0  0  0
  2  5  1  0  0  0  0
  3  6  1  0  0  0  0
  4  7  1  0  0  0  0
  4  8  2  0  0  0  0
  5  9  2  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
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3D MOL for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

HMDB0000267
     RDKit          3D
Pyroglutamic acid
 16 16  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -2.3404    1.3611   -1.4017 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4603    0.7498   -0.7487 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3324   -0.7260   -0.5725 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5188   -0.8226    0.6883 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4129    0.3582    0.5930 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.6205    0.0916   -0.1868 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.8589    0.6985   -1.2606 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5496   -0.8456    0.2342 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4011    1.3706   -0.0424 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8057   -1.2004   -1.4259 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3162   -1.2187   -0.4258 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0049   -1.7775    0.8123 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1999   -0.6417    1.5433 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6880    0.7449    1.6084 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.4670   -0.5291    0.5611 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2171    2.3866    0.0237 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  2  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  5  9  1  0
  9  2  1  0
  3 10  1  0
  3 11  1  0
  4 12  1  0
  4 13  1  0
  5 14  1  1
  8 15  1  0
  9 16  1  0
M  END
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3D SDF for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

       
  Mrv1652309032023592D          

  9  9  0  0  1  0            999 V2000
   13.9994   -9.9706    0.0000 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.6668  -10.4556    0.0000 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.3319  -10.4556    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.9994   -9.1456    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.4119  -11.2402    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.5869  -11.2402    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.2849   -8.7331    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.7139   -8.7331    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.8968  -11.9076    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0  0  0  0
  1  3  1  0  0  0  0
  1  4  1  1  0  0  0
  2  5  1  0  0  0  0
  3  6  1  0  0  0  0
  4  7  1  0  0  0  0
  4  8  2  0  0  0  0
  5  9  2  0  0  0  0
  5  6  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0000267

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C5H7NO3/c7-4-2-1-3(6-4)5(8)9/h3H,1-2H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t3-/m0/s1

> <INCHI_KEY>
ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N

> <FORMULA>
C5H7NO3

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
129.114

> <EXACT_MASS>
129.042593095

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
3

> <JCHEM_ATOM_COUNT>
16

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
11.55635110215903

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
1

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(2S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
-1.01

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
-0.8896697023333333

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
0.07

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
1

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA>
12.760445138872075

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
3.613354339229633

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-2.2244398721602403

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
66.4

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
28.0878

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
1

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
1

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
1.51e+02 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
pyroglutamic acid

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$
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3D-SDF for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

HMDB0000267
     RDKit          3D
Pyroglutamic acid
 16 16  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -2.3404    1.3611   -1.4017 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.4603    0.7498   -0.7487 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.3324   -0.7260   -0.5725 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5188   -0.8226    0.6883 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4129    0.3582    0.5930 C   0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.6205    0.0916   -0.1868 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.8589    0.6985   -1.2606 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5496   -0.8456    0.2342 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.4011    1.3706   -0.0424 N   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.8057   -1.2004   -1.4259 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.3162   -1.2187   -0.4258 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0049   -1.7775    0.8123 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.1999   -0.6417    1.5433 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.6880    0.7449    1.6084 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.4670   -0.5291    0.5611 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.2171    2.3866    0.0237 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  2  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  6  8  1  0
  5  9  1  0
  9  2  1  0
  3 10  1  0
  3 11  1  0
  4 12  1  0
  4 13  1  0
  5 14  1  1
  8 15  1  0
  9 16  1  0
M  END
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PDB for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 03-SEP-20   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    MOLECULE:                                                   
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   03-SEP-20         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      26.132 -18.612   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  N   UNK     0      27.378 -19.517   0.000  0.00  0.00           N+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0      24.886 -19.517   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0      26.132 -17.072   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0      26.902 -20.982   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0      25.362 -20.982   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  O   UNK     0      24.798 -16.302   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    8  O   UNK     0      27.466 -16.302   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM    9  O   UNK     0      27.807 -22.228   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
CONECT    1    2    3    4                                                  
CONECT    2    1    5                                                       
CONECT    3    1    6                                                       
CONECT    4    1    7    8                                                  
CONECT    5    2    9    6                                                  
CONECT    6    3    5                                                       
CONECT    7    4                                                            
CONECT    8    4                                                            
CONECT    9    5                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    9    0   18    0
END
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3D PDB for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

COMPND    HMDB0000267
HETATM    1  O1  UNL     1      -2.340   1.361  -1.402  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    2  C1  UNL     1      -1.460   0.750  -0.749  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C2  UNL     1      -1.332  -0.726  -0.573  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C3  UNL     1      -0.519  -0.823   0.688  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C4  UNL     1       0.413   0.358   0.593  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C5  UNL     1       1.620   0.092  -0.187  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  O2  UNL     1       1.859   0.699  -1.261  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    8  O3  UNL     1       2.550  -0.846   0.234  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM    9  N1  UNL     1      -0.401   1.371  -0.042  1.00  0.00           N  
HETATM   10  H1  UNL     1      -0.806  -1.200  -1.426  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   11  H2  UNL     1      -2.316  -1.219  -0.426  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   12  H3  UNL     1      -0.005  -1.777   0.812  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   13  H4  UNL     1      -1.200  -0.642   1.543  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   14  H5  UNL     1       0.688   0.745   1.608  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   15  H6  UNL     1       3.467  -0.529   0.561  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   16  H7  UNL     1      -0.217   2.387   0.024  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2    2
CONECT    2    3    9
CONECT    3    4   10   11
CONECT    4    5   12   13
CONECT    5    6    9   14
CONECT    6    7    7    8
CONECT    8   15
CONECT    9   16
END
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SMILES for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1
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INCHI for HMDB0000267 (Pyroglutamic acid)

InChI=1S/C5H7NO3/c7-4-2-1-3(6-4)5(8)9/h3H,1-2H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t3-/m0/s1
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View in JSmolView NMR AssignmentsView Stereo Labels
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC5H7NO3
Average Molecular Weight129.114
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight129.042593095
IUPAC Name(2S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Traditional Namepyroglutamic acid
CAS Registry Number98-79-3
SMILES
OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H7NO3/c7-4-2-1-3(6-4)5(8)9/h3H,1-2H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t3-/m0/s1
InChI KeyODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon), or a derivative thereof.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentAlpha amino acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
  • Pyrroline carboxylic acid
  • Pyrroline carboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Pyrroline
  • Cyclic carboximidic acid
  • Lactim
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Organoleptic effect
Disposition
Biological locationSource
Process
Naturally occurring process
Role
Biological roleIndustrial application
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility476 mg/mL at 13 °CNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available124.1http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000085
[M+H]+Not Available130.4http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000085
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Sweat
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Brain
  • Epidermis
  • Placenta
  • Prostate
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Glutathione synthetase deficiency
  1. Li X, Ding Y, Liu Y, Ma Y, Song J, Wang Q, Yang Y: Five Chinese patients with 5-oxoprolinuria due to glutathione synthetase and 5-oxoprolinase deficiencies. Brain Dev. 2015 Nov;37(10):952-9. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2015.03.005. Epub 2015 Apr 4. [PubMed:25851806 ]
  2. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Schizophrenia
  1. Yang J, Chen T, Sun L, Zhao Z, Qi X, Zhou K, Cao Y, Wang X, Qiu Y, Su M, Zhao A, Wang P, Yang P, Wu J, Feng G, He L, Jia W, Wan C: Potential metabolite markers of schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2013 Jan;18(1):67-78. doi: 10.1038/mp.2011.131. Epub 2011 Oct 25. [PubMed:22024767 ]
Irritable bowel syndrome
  1. Ponnusamy K, Choi JN, Kim J, Lee SY, Lee CH: Microbial community and metabolomic comparison of irritable bowel syndrome faeces. J Med Microbiol. 2011 Jun;60(Pt 6):817-27. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.028126-0. Epub 2011 Feb 17. [PubMed:21330412 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  3. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Ulcerative colitis
  1. Azario I, Pievani A, Del Priore F, Antolini L, Santi L, Corsi A, Cardinale L, Sawamoto K, Kubaski F, Gentner B, Bernardo ME, Valsecchi MG, Riminucci M, Tomatsu S, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Serafini M: Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 25;7(1):9473. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09958-9. [PubMed:28842642 ]
Supragingival Calculus
  1. Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmuller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Volzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M: The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res. 2019 Jun;98(6):642-651. doi: 10.1177/0022034519842853. Epub 2019 Apr 26. [PubMed:31026179 ]
5-oxoprolinase deficiency
  1. Calpena E, Deshpande AA, Yap S, Kumar A, Manning NJ, Bachhawat AK, Espinos C: New insights into the genetics of 5-oxoprolinase deficiency and further evidence that it is a benign biochemical condition. Eur J Pediatr. 2015 Mar;174(3):407-11. doi: 10.1007/s00431-014-2397-0. Epub 2014 Aug 17. [PubMed:25129617 ]
  2. Mayatepek E: 5-Oxoprolinuria in patients with and without defects in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. Eur J Pediatr. 1999 Mar;158(3):221-5. [PubMed:10094443 ]
  3. G.Frauendienst-Egger, Friedrich K. Trefz (2017). MetaGene: Metabolic & Genetic Information Center (MIC: http://www.metagene.de). METAGENE consortium.
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
  1. Gronwald W, Klein MS, Zeltner R, Schulze BD, Reinhold SW, Deutschmann M, Immervoll AK, Boger CA, Banas B, Eckardt KU, Oefner PJ: Detection of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by NMR spectroscopic fingerprinting of urine. Kidney Int. 2011 Jun;79(11):1244-53. doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.30. Epub 2011 Mar 9. [PubMed:21389975 ]
Eosinophilic esophagitis
  1. Slae, M., Huynh, H., Wishart, D.S. (2014). Analysis of 30 normal pediatric urine samples via NMR spectroscopy (unpublished work). NA.
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 266130 (Glutathione synthetase deficiency)
  • 181500 (Schizophrenia)
  • 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
  • 260005 (5-oxoprolinase deficiency)
  • 601313 (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease)
  • 610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)
DrugBank IDDB03088
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB014506
KNApSAcK IDC00007403
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC01879
BioCyc ID5-OXOPROLINE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPyroglutamic_acid
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound7405
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID18183
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH ID5OXPRO
MarkerDB IDMDB00000129
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferencePumpor, Ksenia; Boettcher, Christoph; Fehn, Susanna; Burger, Klaus. Hexafluoroacetone as protecting and activating reagent: an efficient strategy for activation of pyroglutamic acid and homologs.Heterocycles (2003), 61 259-269.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 12 proteins in total.

Show all enzymes and transporters

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase
General function:
Involved in peptidase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the biosynthesis of pyroglutamyl peptides. Has a bias against acidic and tryptophan residues adjacent to the N-terminal glutaminyl residue and a lack of importance of chain length after the second residue. Also catalyzes N-terminal pyroglutamate formation. In vitro, catalyzes pyroglutamate formation of N-terminally truncated form of APP amyloid-beta peptides [Glu-3]-beta-amyloid. May be involved in the N-terminal pyroglutamate formation of several amyloid-related plaque-forming peptides.
Gene Name:
QPCT
Uniprot ID:
Q16769
Molecular weight:
40876.14
Enzyme Details
2. 5-oxoprolinase
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the cleavage of 5-oxo-L-proline to form L-glutamate coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate.
Gene Name:
OPLAH
Uniprot ID:
O14841
Molecular weight:
137456.195
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + Pyroglutamic acid + Water → ADP + Phosphate + Glutamic aciddetails
Enzyme Details
3. Angiogenin
General function:
Involved in nucleic acid binding
Specific function:
May function as a tRNA-specific ribonuclease that binds to actin on the surface of endothelial cells; once bound, angiogenin is endocytosed and translocated to the nucleus, thereby promoting the endothelial invasiveness necessary for blood vessel formation. Angiogenin induces vascularization of normal and malignant tissues. Abolishes protein synthesis by specifically hydrolyzing cellular tRNAs
Gene Name:
ANG
Uniprot ID:
P03950
Molecular weight:
16549.9
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
Enzyme Details
4. Ig lambda chain V-II region MGC
General function:
Involved in antigen binding
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
Not Available
Uniprot ID:
P01709
Molecular weight:
11557.5
Enzyme Details
5. Alpha-amylase 1
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AMY1A
Uniprot ID:
P04745
Molecular weight:
Not Available
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
Enzyme Details
6. Pancreatic alpha-amylase
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AMY2A
Uniprot ID:
P04746
Molecular weight:
Not Available
Enzyme Details
7. Vascular endothelial growth factor A
General function:
Involved in growth factor activity
Specific function:
Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth
Gene Name:
VEGFA
Uniprot ID:
P15692
Molecular weight:
27042.2
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]
Enzyme Details
8. Alpha-amylase 2B
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AMY2B
Uniprot ID:
P19961
Molecular weight:
Not Available
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]
Enzyme Details
9. Orexin
General function:
Involved in neuropeptide signaling pathway
Specific function:
Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy metabolism, autonomic function, hormonal balance and the regulation of body fluids, is also suggested. Orexin-A binds to both OX1R and OX2R with a high affinity, whereas orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity
Gene Name:
HCRT
Uniprot ID:
O43612
Molecular weight:
13362.5
References
  1. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]
Enzyme Details
10. Gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase
General function:
Involved in acyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the formation of 5-oxoproline from gamma-glutamyl dipeptides and may play a significant role in glutathione homeostasis. Induces release of cytochrome c from mitochondria with resultant induction of apoptosis.
Gene Name:
GGCT
Uniprot ID:
O75223
Molecular weight:
19091.635
Reactions
(Gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid → Pyroglutamic acid + L-amino aciddetails
gamma-Glutamylcysteine → Pyroglutamic acid + L-Cysteinedetails
(5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid → Pyroglutamic acid + L-Amino aciddetails

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 12 proteins in total.

Show all enzymes and transporters