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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Arachidonic acid (HMDB01043)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2010-07-22 09:43:00
Accession Number HMDB01043
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Arachidonic acid
Description Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid. Arachidonic acid mediates inflammation and the functioning of several organs and systems either directly or upon its conversion into eicosanoids. Arachidonic acid in cell membrane phospholipids is the substrate for the synthesis of a range of biologically active compounds (eicosanoids) including prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. These compounds can act as mediators in their own right and can also act as regulators of other processes, such as platelet aggregation, blood clotting, smooth muscle contraction, leukocyte chemotaxis, inflammatory cytokine production, and immune function. Arachidonic acid can be metabolized by cytochrome p450 (CYP450) enzymes to 5,6-, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), their corresponding dihydroxyeicosa-trienoic acids (DHETs), and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). The production of kidney CYP450 arachidonic acid metabolites is altered in diabetes, pregnancy, hepatorenal syndrome, and in various models of hypertension, and it is likely that changes in this system contribute to the abnormalities in renal function that are associated with many of these conditions. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids to liberate arachidonic acid (PMID: 12736897, 12736897, 12700820, 12570747, 12432908)
Synonyms
  1. 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  2. (all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  3. 5,8,11,14-all-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  4. 5-cis,8-cis,11-cis,14-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  5. 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  6. Arachidonic acid
  7. Immunocytophyte
  8. all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  9. cis-D5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  10. 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  11. (all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  12. 5,8,11,14-all-cis-Eicosatetraenoate
  13. 5-cis,8-cis,11-cis,14-cis-Eicosatetraenoate
  14. 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoate
  15. all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  16. cis-D5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
Chemical IUPAC Name (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
Chemical Formula C20H32O2
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Fatty acids
Class
  • Fatty Acids
Sub Class
  • Eicosapolyenoic acids
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • carboxylic acid
  • alkene
Biofunction
  • Component of Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 304.467
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 304.240234
Isomeric SMILES CCCCCC=C/CC=C/CC=C/CC=C/CCCC(O)=O
Canonical SMILES CCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O
KEGG Compound ID C00219 Link Image
BioCyc ID ARACHIDONIC_ACID Link Image
BiGG ID 1586189 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Arachidonic acid Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01043 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01043 Link Image
METLIN ID 193 Link Image
PubChem Compound 231 Link Image
PubChem Substance 11370618 Link Image
ChEBI ID Not Available
CAS Registry Number 506-32-1
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C20H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20(21)22/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2-5,8,11,14,17-19H2,1H3,(H,21,22)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-
Synthesis Reference Dai, Chuanchao; Yuan, Zhilin; Wang, Anqi. Production of arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid with organic wastewater of soybean products. Zhongguo Youzhi (2004), 29(5), 31-33.
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 3.14e-05 mg/mL [MEYLAN,WM et al. (1996)]; 1.51e-04 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -1
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity 6.98 [SANGSTER (1993)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity 6.80 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; 6.5 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID 1ADL Link Image
Experimental PDB File Show
Experimental PDB Structure
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Not Available
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum Not Available
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Membrane (Predicted from LogP)
  • Cytoplasm
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • Extracellular
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Urine
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Adipose Tissue
Epidermis
Fibroblasts
Intestine
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Muscle
Myelin
Nerve Cells
Nervous Tissues
Neuron
Pancreas
Placenta
Platelet
Prostate
Skeletal Muscle
Spleen
Testes
Thyroid Gland
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 8.50 +/- 1.58 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Min Y, Ghebremeskel K, Lowy C, Thomas B, Crawford MA: Adverse effect of obesity on red cell membrane arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in gestational diabetes. Diabetologia. 2004 Jan;47(1):75-81. Epub 2003 Nov 22. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 5.263 +/- 2.072 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Nikolaos Psychogios, David D. Hau, Jun Peng, An Chi Guo, Rupasri Mandal, Souhaila Bouatra, Igor Sinelnikov, Ramanarayan Krishnamurthy, Roman Eisner, Bijaya Gautam, Nelson Young, Jinaguo Xia, Craig Knox, Ying Wei Dong, Paul Huang, Janet McManus, Theresa Pedersen, Fiona Bamforth, Russ Greiner, Bruce McManus, John Newman, David S. Wishart, The Human Serum Metabolome, PLoS ONE (Submitted).
  • Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Eisner R, Young N, Gautam B, Hau DD, Psychogios N, Dong E, Bouatra S, Mandal R, Sinelnikov I, Xia J, Jia L, Cruz JA, Lim E, Sobsey CA, Shrivastava S, Huang P, Liu P, Fang L, Peng J, Fradette R, Cheng D, Tzur D, Clements M, Lewis A, De Souza A, Zuniga A, Dawe M, Xiong Y, Clive D, Greiner R, Nazyrova A, Shaykhutdinov R, Li L, Vogel HJ, Forsythe I: HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Oct 25. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 31.6 +/- 21.7 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 31.5 +/- 25.8 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Male
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 31.7 +/- 30.4 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid CSF
Value 0.35 (0.03 - 0.66) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Westcott JY, Murphy RC, Stenmark K: Eicosanoids in human ventricular cerebrospinal fluid following severe brain injury. Prostaglandins. 1987 Dec;34(6):877-87. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 2.45 +/- 1.63 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Kim KM, Jung BH, Lho DS, Chung WY, Paeng KJ, Chung BC: Alteration of urinary profiles of endogenous steroids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in thyroid cancer. Cancer Lett. 2003 Dec 30;202(2):173-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 10.27 +/- 2.11 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Condition Gestational diabetes
Comments Not Available
References
  • Min Y, Ghebremeskel K, Lowy C, Thomas B, Crawford MA: Adverse effect of obesity on red cell membrane arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in gestational diabetes. Diabetologia. 2004 Jan;47(1):75-81. Epub 2003 Nov 22. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 34.3 +/- 27.8 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Hypertension
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 34.0 +/- 28.6 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Male
Condition Essential hypertension
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 34.9 +/- 26.4 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Female
Condition Essential hypertension
Comments Not Available
References
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Essential hypertension
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Gestational diabetes
  • Min Y, Ghebremeskel K, Lowy C, Thomas B, Crawford MA: Adverse effect of obesity on red cell membrane arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in gestational diabetes. Diabetologia. 2004 Jan;47(1):75-81. Epub 2003 Nov 22. [PubMed Link Image]
Hypertension
  • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Alpha Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid Metabolism SMP00018 Link Image map00592 Link Image
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism SMP00075 Link Image map00590 Link Image
General References
  1. Frelinger AL 3rd, Furman MI, Linden MD, Li Y, Fox ML, Barnard MR, Michelson AD: Residual arachidonic acid-induced platelet activation via an adenosine diphosphate-dependent but cyclooxygenase-1- and cyclooxygenase-2-independent pathway: a 700-patient study of aspirin resistance. Circulation. 2006 Jun 27;113(25):2888-96. Epub 2006 Jun 19. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Daskalou T, Karamouzis M, Liaros G: [Metabolites of arachidonic acid in activating platelets and their estimation by radionuclide techniques] Hell J Nucl Med. 2006 Jan-Apr;9(1):49-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sacerdoti D, Gatta A, McGiff JC: Role of cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites in liver physiology and pathophysiology. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2003 Oct;72(1-2):51-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Claria J, Arroyo V: Prostaglandins and other cyclooxygenase-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites and the kidney in liver disease. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2003 Oct;72(1-2):19-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Pantaleo P, Marra F, Vizzutti F, Spadoni S, Ciabattoni G, Galli C, La Villa G, Gentilini P, Laffi G: Effects of dietary supplementation with arachidonic acid on platelet and renal function in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Sci (Lond). 2004 Jan;106(1):27-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hughes-Fulford M, Tjandrawinata RR, Li CF, Sayyah S: Arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, induces cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 in prostate carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis. 2005 Sep;26(9):1520-6. Epub 2005 May 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Kudolo GB, Wang W, Barrientos J, Elrod R, Blodgett J: The ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) inhibits arachidonic acid-mediated platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production in healthy volunteers. J Herb Pharmacother. 2004;4(4):13-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Burke J, Kraft WK, Greenberg HE, Gleave M, Pitari GM, VanBuren S, Wagner JA, Waldman SA: Relationship of arachidonic acid concentration to cyclooxygenase-dependent human platelet aggregation. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;43(9):983-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Carroll RC, Craft RM, Chavez JJ, Snider CC, Bresee SJ, Cohen E: A Thrombelastograph whole blood assay for clinical monitoring of NSAID-insensitive transcellular platelet activation by arachidonic acid. J Lab Clin Med. 2005 Jul;146(1):30-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Cuisset T, Frere C, Quilici J, Barbou F, Morange PE, Hovasse T, Bonnet JL, Alessi MC: High post-treatment platelet reactivity identified low-responders to dual antiplatelet therapy at increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular events after stenting for acute coronary syndrome. J Thromb Haemost. 2006 Mar;4(3):542-9. Epub 2005 Dec 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Arruzazabala ML, Mas R, Molina V, Carbajal D, Fernandez L, Illnait J, Castano G, Fernandez J, Mendoza S: Effects of d-003, a new substance purified from sugar cane wax, on platelet aggregation and plasma levels of arachidonic acid metabolites in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 2004;24(2-3):55-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Sinzinger H: Metabolites of arachidonic acid in activating platelets and their estimation by radionuclide techniques. Hell J Nucl Med. 2006 May-Aug;9(2):111; author reply 111-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Bringmann A, Schopf S, Faude F, Reichenbach A: Arachidonic acid-induced inhibition of Ca2+ channel currents in retinal glial (Muller) cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2001 Nov;239(11):859-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Eikelboom JW, Hankey GJ, Thom J, Claxton A, Yi Q, Gilmore G, Staton J, Barden A, Norman PE: Enhanced antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel in patients whose platelets are least inhibited by aspirin: a randomized crossover trial. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Dec;3(12):2649-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Cox D, Maree AO, Dooley M, Conroy R, Byrne MF, Fitzgerald DJ: Effect of enteric coating on antiplatelet activity of low-dose aspirin in healthy volunteers. Stroke. 2006 Aug;37(8):2153-8. Epub 2006 Jun 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Yamada N, Miyamoto M, Isogaya M, Suzuki M, Ikezawa S, Ohno M, Otake A, Umemura K: TRA-418, a novel compound having both thromboxane A(2) receptor antagonistic and prostaglandin I(2) receptor agonistic activities: its antiplatelet effects in human and animal platelets. J Thromb Haemost. 2003 Aug;1(8):1813-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Markuszewski L, Rosiak M, Golanski J, Rysz J, Spychalska M, Watala C: Reduced blood platelet sensitivity to aspirin in coronary artery disease: are dyslipidaemia and inflammatory states possible factors predisposing to sub-optimal platelet response to aspirin? Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2006 May;98(5):503-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Payne DA, Jones CI, Hayes PD, Webster SE, Ross Naylor A, Goodall AH: Platelet inhibition by aspirin is diminished in patients during carotid surgery: a form of transient aspirin resistance? Thromb Haemost. 2004 Jul;92(1):89-96. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Kroetz DL, Xu F: Regulation and inhibition of arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylases and 20-HETE formation. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005;45:413-38. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Fatty acid synthase
  2. Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 precursor
  3. Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
  4. Cytosolic phospholipase A2
  5. Phospholipase A2 precursor
  6. Group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein precursor
  7. Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
  8. Galactoside-binding soluble lectin 13
  9. Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
  10. Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
  11. 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
  12. Eosinophil lysophospholipase
  13. Phospholipase A2, membrane associated precursor
  14. Group IID secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
  15. Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
  16. Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
  17. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 precursor
  18. Adiponutrin
  19. Gastric triacylglycerol lipase precursor
  20. Endothelial lipase precursor
  21. Bile salt-activated lipase precursor
  22. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 precursor
  23. Lipoprotein lipase precursor
  24. Cytochrome P450 4A11 precursor
  25. Liver carboxylesterase 1 precursor
  26. Carboxylesterase 2 precursor
  27. Cholinesterase precursor
  28. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma precursor
  29. Hormone-sensitive lipase
  30. Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
  31. Bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
  32. Acylphosphatase-2
  33. Acylphosphatase-1
  34. Aminoacylase-1
  35. Aspartoacylase
  36. Aspartoacylase-2
  37. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
  38. Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type II
  39. Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-type
  40. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 precursor
  41. Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
  42. Cytochrome P450 4F3
  43. Cytochrome P450 3A4
  44. Cytochrome P450 2C9
  45. Cytochrome P450 2C19
  46. Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
  47. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2
  48. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
  49. Acid ceramidase precursor
  50. Cytochrome P450 2E1
  51. Cytochrome P450 1B1
  52. Cytochrome P450 2F1
  53. Cytochrome P450 2B6
  54. Cytochrome P450 2A13
  55. Cytochrome P450 4B1
  56. Cytochrome P450 4Z1
  57. Cytochrome P450 1A2
  58. Cytochrome P450 19A1
  59. Cytochrome P450 2C8
  60. Cytochrome P450 2S1
  61. Cytochrome P450 2J2
  62. Cytochrome P450 2A7
  63. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
  64. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6
  65. Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R type
  66. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 3
  67. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4
  68. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1
  69. CDNA PSEC0079 fis, clone NT2RP2004049, highly similar to Group XII secretory phospholipase A2
  70. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4
  71. Cytochrome P450 4A22 [Precursor]
  72. Full-length cDNA clone CS0DM001YM08 of Fetal liver of Homo sapiens
  73. Phospholipase B1
  74. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2
  75. cDNA FLJ77974, highly similar to Homo sapiens arachidonate 15- lipoxygenase
  76. Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1
  77. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta
  78. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon
  79. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta
  80. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-gamma
  81. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta
  82. Putative neutral ceramidase C
  83. Alkaline ceramidase 2
  84. Alkaline ceramidase 2
  85. Neutral ceramidase
  86. Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 7
  87. Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily D, polypeptide 6 (Cytochrome P450 2D6)
  88. Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 5 (Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 5, isoform CRA_a)
  89. Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily X, polypeptide 1 (Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily X, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_b) (Cytochrome P450)
  90. Putative uncharacterized protein CYP3A43 (Cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 43, isoform CRA_e)
  91. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 4
  92. cDNA FLJ75686, highly similar to Homo sapiens phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid) (PLA2G2A), mRNA (Phospholipase A2, group IIA (Platelets, synovial fluid), isoform CRA_a)
  93. cDNA FLJ75306, highly similar to Homo sapiens prostaglandin- endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase), mRNA (Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) (Prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase)
  94. Carboxylesterase 7
  95. cDNA, FLJ93424, highly similar to Homo sapiens cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6 (CYP2A6), mRNA (Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6)
  96. cDNA, FLJ93938, Homo sapiens cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 18(CYP2C18), mRNA (HCG39167, isoform CRA_b)
  97. Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent) (Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent), isoform CRA_a)
  98. Alkaline ceramidase 1
  99. Neuropathy target esterase
  100. Oxoeicosanoid receptor 1
  101. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 3
  102. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B isoform a variant
  103. cDNA FLJ76296, highly similar to Homo sapiens carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (muscle) (CPT1B), transcript variant 1, mRNA
  104. Carboxylesterase 3
  105. Peroxisome proliferative acitvated receptor gamma
  106. CREB3L2-PPARgamma
  107. cDNA FLJ57380, highly similar to Adipophilin
  108. Adipose differentiation-related protein
  109. ADFP protein
  110. Peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor gamma
  111. cDNA FLJ53798, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
  112. Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2 variant
  113. cDNA FLJ14598 fis, clone NT2RM4002558, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (EC 6.2.1.-)
  114. cDNA FLJ61377, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
  115. CPT1B protein
  116. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1
  117. CPT1B protein
  118. cDNA FLJ90350 fis, clone NT2RP2003210, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (EC 6.2.1.-)
  119. cDNA FLJ50069, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5264
Enzyme 1 Name Fatty acid synthase
Enzyme 1 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Name FASN
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Fatty acid synthase
MEEVVIAGMSGKLPESENLQEFWDNLIGGVDMVTDDDRRWKAGLYGLPRRSGKLKDLSRF
DASFFGVHPKQAHTMDPQLRLLLEVTYEAIVDGGINPDSLRGTHTGVWVGVSGSETSEAL
SRDPETLVGYSMVGCQRAMMANRLSFFFDFRGPSIALDTACSSSLMALQNAYQAIHSGQC
PAAIVGGINVLLKPNTSVQFLRLGMLSPEGTCKAFDTAGNGYCRSEGVVAVLLTKKSLAR
RVYATILNAGTNTDGFKEQGVTFPSGDIQEQLIRSLYQSAGVAPESFEYIEAHGTGTKVG
DPQELNGITRALCATRQEPLLIGSTKSNMGHPEPASGLAALAKVLLSLEHGLWAPNLHFH
SPNPEIPALLDGRLQVVDQPLPVRGGNVGINSFGFGGSNVHIILRPNTQPPPAPAPHATL
PRLLRASGRTPEAVQKLLEQGLRHSQDLAFLSMLNDIAAVPATAMPFRGYAVLGGERGGP
EVQQVPAGERPLWFICSGMGTQWRGMGLSLMRLDRFRDSILRSDEAVKPFGLKVSQLLLS
TDESTFDDIVHSFVSLTAIQIGLIDLLSCMGLRPDGIVGHSLGEVACGYADGCLSQEEAV
LAAYWRGQCIKEAHLPPGAMAAVGLSWEECKQRCPPGVVPACHNSKDTVTISGPQAPVFE
FVEQLRKEGVFAKEVRTGGMAFHSYFMEAIAPPLLQELKKVIREPKPRSARWLSTSIPEA
QWHSSLARTSSAEYNVNNLVSPVLFQEALWHVPEHAVVLEIAPHALLQAVLKRGLKPSCT
IIPLMKKDHRDNLEFFLAGIGRLHLSGIDANPNALFPPVEFPAPRGTPLISPLIKWDHSL
AWDVPAAEDFPNGSGSPSAAIYNIDTSSESPDHYLVDHTLDGRVLFPATGYLSIVWKTLA
RALGLGVEQLPVVFEDVVLHQATILPKTGTVSLEVRLLEASRAFEVSENGNLVVSGKVYQ
WDDPDPRLFDHPESPTPNPTEPLFLAQAEVYKELRLRGYDYGPHFQGILEASLEGDSGRL
LWKDNWVSFMDTMLQMSILGSAKHGLYLPTRVTAIHIDPATHRQKLYTLQDKAQVADVVV
SRWLRVTVAGGVHISGLHTESAPRRQQEQQVPILEKFCFTPHTEEGCLSERAALQEELQL
CKGLVQALQTTVTQQGLKMVVPGLDGAQIPRDPSQQELPRLLSAACRLQLNGNLQLELAQ
VLAQERPKLPEDPLLSGLLDSPALKACLDTAVENMPSLKMKVVEVLAGHGHLYSRIPGLL
SPHPLLQLSYTATDRHPQALEAAQAELQQHDVAQGQWDPADPAPSALGSADLLVCNCAVA
ALGDPASALSNMVAALREGGFLLLHTLLRGHPLGDIVAFLTSTEPQYGQGILSQDAWESL
FSRVSLRLVGLKKSFYGSTLFLCRRPTPQDSPIFLPVDDTSFRWVESLKGILADEDSSRP
VWLKAINCATSGVVGLVNCLRREPGGNRLRCVLLSNLSSTSHVPEVDPGSAELQKVLQGD
LVMNVYRDGAWGAFRHFLLEEDKPEEPTAHAFVSTLTRGDLSSIRWVCSSLRHAQPTCPG
AQLCTVYYASLNFRDIMLATGKLSPDAIPGKWTSQDSLLGMEFSGRDASGKRVMGLVPAK
GLATSVLLSPDFLWDVPSNWTLEEAASVPVVYSTAYYALVVRGRVRPGETLLIHSGSGGV
GQAAIAIALSLGCRVFTTVGSAEKRAYLQARFPQLDSTSFANSRDTSFEQHVLWHTGGKG
VDLVLNSLAEEKLQASVRCLATHGRFLEIGKFDLSQNHPLGMAIFLKNVTFHGVLLDAFF
NESSADWREVWALVQAGIRDGVVRPLKCTVFHGAQVEDAFRYMAQGKHIGKVVVQVLAEE
PEAVLKGAKPKLMSAISKTFCPAHKSYIIAGGLGGFGLELAQWLIQRGVQKLVLTSRSGI
RTGYQAKQVRRWRRQGVQVQVSTSNISSLEGARGLIAEAAQLGPVGGVFNLAVVLRDGLL
ENQTPEFFQDVCKPKYSGTLNLDRVTREACPELDYFVVFSSVSCGRGNAGQSNYGFANSA
MERICEKRRHEGLPGLAVQWGAIGDVGILVETMSTNDTIVSGTLPQRMASCLEVLDLFLN
QPHMVLSSFVLAEKAAAYRDRDSQRDLVEAVAHILGIRDLAAVNLDSSLADLGLDSLMSV
EVRQTLERELNLVLSVREVRQLTLRKLQELSSKADEASELACPTPKEDGLAQQQTQLNLR
SLLVNPEGPTLMRLNSVQSSERPLFLVHPIEGSTTVFHSLASRLSIPTYGLQCTRAAPLD
SIHSLAAYYIDCIRQVQPEGPYRVAGYSYGACVAFEMCSQLQAQQSPAPTHNSLFLFDGS
PTYVLAYTQSYRAKLTPGCEAEAETEAICFFVQQFTDMEHNRVLEALLPLKGLEERVAAA
VDLIIKSHQGLDRQELSFAARSFYYKLRAAEQYTPKAKYHGNVMLLRAKTGGAYGEDLGA
DYNLSQVCDGKVSVHVIEGDHRTLLEGSGLESIISIIHSSLAEPRVSVREG
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 2511
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 273403
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 6.39
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cofactor binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • phosphopantetheine binding
  • transferase activity
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • biosynthesis
  • carboxylic acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • fatty acid biosynthesis
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • organic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long- chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH. This multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities and an acyl carrier protein
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • (3R)-3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = 2-hexadecenoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 1049053 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49327 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name FAS_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >7515 bp
ATGGAGGAGGTGGTGATTGCCGGCATGTTCGGGAAGCTGCCAGAGTCGGAGAACTTGCAG
GAGTTCTGGGACAACCTCATCGGCGGTGTGGACATGGTCACGGACGATGACCGTCGCTGG
AAGGCTGGGCTCTACGGCCTGCCCCGGCGGTCCGGCAAGCTGAAGGACCTGTCTAGGTTT
GATGCCTCCTTCTTCGGAGTCCACCCCAAGCAGGCACACACGATGGACCCTCAGCTGCGG
CTGCTGCTGGAAGCTACCTATGAAGCCATCGTGGACGGAGGCATCAACCCAGATTCACTC
CGAGGAACACACACTGGCGTCTGGGTGGGCGTGAGCGGCTCTGAGACCTCGGAGGCCCTG
AGCCGAGACCCCGAGACACTCGTGGGCTACAGCATGGTGGGCTGCCAGCGAGCGATGATG
GCCAACCGGCTCTCCTTCTTCTTCGACTTCAGAGGGCCCAGCATCGCACTGGACACAGCC
TGCTCCTCCAGCCTGATGGCCCTGCAGAACGCCTACCAGGCCATCCACAGCGGGCAGTGC
CCTGCCGCCATCGTGGGGGGCATCAACGTCCTGCTGAAGCCCAACACCTCCGTGCAGTTC
TTGAGGCTGGGGATGCTCAGCCCCGAGGGCACCTGCAAGGCCTTCGACACAGCGGGGAAT
GGGTACTGCCGCTCGGAGGGTGTGGTGGCTGTCCTGCTGACCAAGAAGTCCCTGGCCCGG
AAGGTCTACACCACCATCCTGAACAAAGGCACCAATACAGATGGCTTCAAGGAGCAAGGC
GTGACCTTCCCTCAGGATATCCAGGAGCAGCCTATCCGCTCGTTGTACCAGTCGGCCGGA
GTGGCCCCTGAGTCATTTGAATACATCGAAGCCCACGGACCAGGCACCAAGGTGGGCGAC
CCCCAGGAGCGTAATGGCATCACCCGAGCCCTGTGCGCCACCCGCCAGGAGCCGCTGCTC
ATCGGCTCCACCAAGTCCAACATGGGGCACCCGGAGCCAGCCTCGGGGCTCGACGCCCTG
GCCAAGGTGCTGCTGTCCCTGGAGCACGGGCTCTGGGCCCCCAACCTGCACTTCCATAGC
CCCAACCCTGAGATCCCAGCGCTGTTGGATGGGCGGCTGCAGGTGGTGGACCAGCCCCTG
CCCGTCCGTGGCGGCAACGTGGGCATCAACTCCTTTGGCTTCGGGGGCTCCAACATGCAC
ATCATCCTGAGGCCCAACACGCAGTCCGCCCCCGCACCCGCCCCACATGCCACCCTGCCC
CGTCTGCTGCGGGCCAGCGGACGCACCCCTGAGGCCGTGCAGAAGCTGCTGGAGCAGGGC
CTCCGGCACAGCCAGGGCCTGGCTTTCCTGAGCATGCTGAACGACATCGCGGCTGTCCCC
GCCACCGCCATGCCCTTCCGTGGCTACGCTGTGCTGGGTGGTGAGACGCGGTGGCCCAGA
GTGCAGCAGGTGCCCGCTGGCGAGCGCCCGCTCTGGTTCATCTGCTCTGGGATGGGCACA
CAGTGGCGTGGAATGGGGCTGAGCCTTATGCGCCTGGACCGCTTCCGAGATTCCATCCTA
CGCTCCGATGAGGCTGTGAACCGATTCGGCCTGAAGGTGTCACAGCTGCTGCTGAGCACA
GACGAGAGCACCTTTGATGACATCGTCCATTCGTTTGTGAGCCTGACTGCCATCCAGATA
GGCCTCATAGACCTGCTGAGCTGCATGGGACCTGAGGCAGATGGCATCGTCGGCCACTCC
CTGGGGGAGTGGCTGTCGGTACGCGACGGCTGCCTGTCCCAGGAGGAGGCCGTCCTCGCT
GCCTACTGGAGGGGACAGTGCATCAAAGAAGCCCCACTTCCCGCCGGCGCCATGGCAGCC
GTGGGCTTGTCCTGGGAGGAGTGTAAACAGCGCTGCCCCCCTGCGGTGGTGCCCGCCTGC
CACAACTCCAAGGACACAGTCACCATCTCGGGACCTCAGGCCCCGGTGTTTGAGTTCGTG
GAGCAGCTGAGGAAGGAGGGTGTGTTTGCCAAGGAGGTGCGGACCGGCGGTATGGCCTTC
CACTCCTACTTCATGGAGGCCATCGCACCCCCACTGCTGCAGGAGCTCAAGAAGGTGATC
CGGGAGCCGAAGCCACGTTCAGCCCGCTGGCTCAGCACCTCTATCCCCGAGGCCCAGTGG
CACAGCAGCCTGGCACGCACGTCTTCCGCCGAGTACAATGTCAACAACCTGGTGAGCCCT
GTGCTGTTCCAGGAGGCCCTGTGGCACGTGCCTGAGCACGCGGTGGTGCTGGAGATCGCC
CCGACCCCGTGCCCTCAGGCTGTCCTGAAGCGGGTCCGTAAGCCGAGCTGCACCATCATC
CCCCGTATGAAGAAGGATCACAGGGACAACCTGGAGTTCTTCCTGGCCGGCATCGGCAGG
CTGCACCTCTCAGGCATCGACGCCAACCCCAATGCCTTGTTCCCACCTGTGGAGTCCCCA
GCTCCCCGAGGAACTCCCCTCATCTCCCCACTCATCAAGTGGGACCACAGCCTGGCCTGG
GACGCGCCGGCCGCCGAGGACTTCCCCAACGGTTCAGGTTCCCCCTCAGCCACCATCTAC
ACATGCACACCAAGCTCCGAGTCTCCTGACCGCTACCTGGTGGACCACACCATCGACGGT
CGCGTCCTCTTCCCCGCCACTGGCTACCTGAGCATAGTGTGGAAGACGCTGGCCCGCGCC
TGGGCTGGGCTCGAGCAGCTGCCTGTGGTGTTTGAGGATGTGGTGCAGCACCAGGCCACC
ATCCTGCCCAAGACTGGGACAGTGTCCTTGGAGGTACGGCTCCTGGAGGCCACCGGTGCC
TTCGAGGTGTCAGAGAACGGCAACCTGGTAGTGAGTGGGAAGGTGTACCAGTGGGATGAC
CCTGACCCCAGGCTCTTCGACCACCCGGAAAGTCCCCACCCCAATTCCCCACGGAGTCCC
CTCTTCCTGGCCCAGGCAGAAGTTTACAAGGAGCTGCGTCTGCGTGGCTACGACTACGGC
CCTCATTTCCAGGGCATCCTGGAGGCCAGCCTGGAAGGTGACTCGGGGAGGCTGCTGTGG
AAGGATAACTGGGTGAGCTTCATGGACACCATGCTGCAGATGTCCATCCTGGGCTCGGCC
AAGCACGGCCTGTACCTACCCACCCGTGTCACCGCCATCCACATCGACCCTGCCACCCAC
AGGCAGAAGCTGTACACACTGCAGGACAAGGCCCAAGTGGCTGACGTGGTGGTGAGCAGG
TGGCCGAGGGTCACAGTGGCGGGAGGCGTCCACATCTCCGGGCTCCACACTGAGTCGGCC
CCGCGGCGGCACGAGGAGCAGCAGGTGCCCATCCTGGAGAAGTTTTGCTTCACTCCCCAC
ACGGAGGAGGGGTGCCTGTCTGAGCACGCTGCCCTCGAGGAGGAGCTGCAACTGTGCAAG
GGGCTGGTCGAGGCACTCGAGACCAAGGTGACCCAGCAGGGGCTGAAGATGGTGGTGCCG
GACTGGACGGGGCCCAGATCCCCCCGGGACCCCTCACAGCAGGAACTGCCCCGGCTGTTG
TCGGCTGCCTGCAGGCTTCAGCTCAACGGGAACCTGCAGCTGGAGCTGGCGCAGGTGCTG
GCCCAGGAGAGGCCCAAGCTGCCAGAGGACCCTCTGCTCAGCGGCCTCCTGGACTCCCCG
GCACTCAAGGCCTGCCTGGACACTGCCGTGGAGAACATGCCCAGCCTGAAGATGAAGGTG
GTGGAGGTGCTGGCCGGCCACGGTCACCTGTATTCCCGCATCCCAGGCCTGCTCAGCCCC
CATCCCCTGCTGCAGCTGAGCTACACGGCCACCGACCGCCACCCCCAGGCCCTGGAGGCT
GCCCAGGCCGAGCTGCAGCAGCACGACGTTGCCCAGGGCCAGTGGGATCCCGCAGACCCT
GCCCCCAGCGCCCTGGGCAGCGCGGACCTCCTGGTGTGCAACTGTGCTGTGGCTGCCCTC
GGGGACCCGGCCTCAGCTCTCAGCAACATGGTGGCTGCCCTGAGAGAAGGGGGCTTTCTG
CTCCTGCACACACTGCTCCGGGGGCACCCTCGGGACATCGTGGCCTTCCTCACCTCCACT
GAGCCGCAGTATGGCCAGGGCATCCTGAGCCAGGACGCGTGGGAGAGCCTCTTCTCCAGG
GTGTCGCTGCGCCTGGTGGGCCTGAAGAAGTCCTTCTACGGCGCCACGCTCTTCCTGTGC
CGCCGGCCCACCCCGCAGGACAGCCCCATCTTCCTGCCGGTGGACGATACCAGCTTCCGC
TGGGTGGAGTCTCTGAAGGGCATCCTGGCTGACGAAGACTCTTCCCGGCCTGTGTGGCTG
AAGGCCATCAACTGTGCCACCTCGGGCGTGGTGGGCTTGGTGAACTGTCTCCGCCGAGAG
CCCGGCGGAACCGTCCGGTGTGTGCTGCTCTCCAACCTCAGCAGCACCTCCCACGTCCCG
GAGGTGGACCCGGGCTCCGCAGAACTGCAGAAGGTGTTGCAGGGAGACCTGGTGATGAAC
GTCTACCGCGACGGGGCCTGGGGGGTTTTCCGCCACTTCCTGCTGGAGGACAAGCCTGAG
GAGCCGACGGCACATGCCTTTGTGAGCACCCTCACCCGGGGGGACCTGTCCTCCATCCGC
TGGGTCTGCTCCTCGCTGCGCCATGCCCAGCCCACCTGCCCTGGCGCCCAGCTCTGCACG
GTCTACTACGCCTCCCTCAACTTCCGCGACATCATGCTGGCCACTGGCAAGCTGTCCCCT
GATGCCATCCCAGGGAAGTGGACCTCCCAGGACAGCCTGCTAGGTATGGAGTTCTCGGGC
CGAGACGCCAGCGGCAAGCGTGTGATGGGACTGGTGCCTGCCAAGGGCCTGGCCACCTCT
GTCCTGCTGTCACCGGACTTCCTCTGGGATGTGCCTTCCAACTGGACGCTGGAGGAGGCG
GCCTCGGTGCCTGTCGTCTACAGCACGGCCTACTACGCGCTGGTGGTGCGTGGGCGGGTG
CGCCCCGGGGAGACGCTGCTCATCCACTCGGGCTCGGGCGGCGTGGGCCAGGCCGCCATC
GCCATCGCCCTCAGTCTGGGCTGCCGCGTCTTCACCACCGTGGGGTCGGCTGAGAAGCGG
GCGTACCTCCAGGCCAGGTTCCCCCAGCTCGACAGCACCAGCTTCGCCAACTCCCGGGAC
ACATCCTTCGAGCAGCATGTGCTGTGGCACACGGGCGGGAAGGGCGTTGACCTGGTCTTG
AACTCCTTGGCGGAAGAGAAGCTGCAGGCCAGCGTGAGGTGCTTCGGTACGCACGGTCGC
TTCCTGGAAATTGGCAAATTCGACCTTTCTCAGAACCACCCGCTCGGCATGGCTATCTTC
CTGAAGAACGTGACATTCCACGGGGTCCTACTGGATGCGTTCTTCAACGAGAGCAGTGCT
GACTGGCGGGAGGTGTGGGCGCTTGTCGAGGCCGCCATCCGGGATGGGGTGGTACGGCCC
CTCAAGTGCACGGTGTTCCATGGGGCCCAGGTGGAGGACGCCTTCCGCTACATGGCCCAA
GGGAAGCACATTGGCAAAGTCGTCGTGCAGGTGCTTGCGGAGGAGCCGGCAGTGCTGAAG
GGGGCCAAACCCAAGCTGATGTCGGCCATCTCCAAGACCTTCTGCCCGGCCCACAAGAGC
TACATCATCGCTGGTGGTCTGGGTGGCTTCGGCCTGGAGTTGGCGCAGTGGCTGATACAG
CGTGGGGTGCAGAAGCTCGTGTTGACTTCTCGCTCCGGGATCCGGACAGGCTACCAGGCC
AAGCAGGTCCGCCGGTGGAGGCGCCAGGGGCTACAGGTGCAGGTGTCCACCAGCAACATC
AGCTCACTGGAGGGGGCCCGGGGCCTCATTGCCGAGGCGGCGCAGCTTGGGCCCGTGGGG
GGCGTCTTCAACCTGGCCGTGGTCTTGAGAGATGGCTTGCTGGAGAACCAGACCCCAGAG
TTCTTCCAGGACGTCTGCAAGCCCAAGTACAGCGGCACCCTGAACCTGGACAGGGTGACC
CGAGAGGCGTGCCCTGAGCTGGACTACTTTGTGGTCTTCTCCTCTGTGAGCTGCGGGCGT
GGCAATGCGGGACAGAGCAACTACGGCTTTGCCAATTCCGCCATGGAGCGTATCTGTGAG
AAACGCCGGCACGAAGGCCTCCCAGGCCTGGCCGTGCAGTGGGGCGCCATCGGCACCGTG
GGCATTTTGGTGGAGACGATGAGCACCAACGACACGATCGTCAGTGGCACGCTGCCCACG
CGCATTGGCGTCCTTGGCCTGGAGGTGCTGGACCTCTTCCTGAACCAGCCCCACATGGTC
CTGAGCAGCTTTGTGCTGGCTGAGAAGGCTGCGGCCTATAGGGACAGGGACAGCCAGCGG
GACCTGGTGGAGGCCGTGGCACACATCCTGGGCATCCGCGACTTGGCTGCTGTCAACCTG
GGCGGCTCACTGGCGGACCTGGGCCTGGACTCGCTCATGAGCGCGCCGGTGCGCCAGACG
CTGGAGCGTGAGCTCAACCTGGTGCTGTCCGTGCGCGAGGTGCGGCAACTCACGCTCCGG
AAACTGCAGGAGCTGTCCTCAAAGGCGGATGAAGCCAGCGAGCTGGCATGCCCCACGCCC
AAGGAGGATGGTCTGGCCCAGCAGCAGACTCAGCTGAACCTGCGCTCCCTGCTGGTGAAA
CCGGAGGGCCCCACCCTGATGCGGCTCAACTCCGTGCAGAGCTCGGAGCGGCCCCTGTTC
CTGGTGCACCCAATCGAGGCTACCACCGTGTTCCACAGCCTCGGTCCCGGTCTCAGCATC
CCCACCTATGGCCTGCAGTGCACCCCGGCTGCGCCCCTTGACAGCATCCACAGCCTGGCT
GCCTACTACATCGACTGCATCAGGCAGGTGCAGCCCGAGGGCCCCTACCGCGTGGCCGGC
TACTCCTACGGGGCCTGCGTGGCCTTTGAAATGTGCTCCCAGCTGCAGGCCCAGCAGAGC
CCAGCCCCCACCCACAACAGCCTCTTCCTGTTCGACGGCTCGCCCACCTACGTACTGGCC
TACACCCAGAGCTACCGGGCAAAGCTGACCCCAGGCTGTAAGGCTGAGGCTGAGACGGAG
GCCATATGCTTCTTCGTGCAGCAGTTCACGGACATGGAGCACAACAGGGTGCTGGAGGCG
CTGCTGCCGCTGAAGGGCCTAGAGGAGCGTGTGGCAGCCGCCGTGGACCTGATCATCAAG
AGCCACCAGGGCCTGGACCGCCAGGAGCTGAGCTTTGCGGCCCGGTCCTTCTACTACAGG
CTGCGTGCCGCTGACCAGTATACACCCAAGGCCAAGTACAGTGGCAACGTGATGCTACTG
CGGGCCAAGACGGGTGGCCGCTACGGCGAGGACCTGGGCGCGGACTACAACCTCTCCCAG
GTATGCGACGGGAAAGTATCCGTCCATATCATCGAGGGTGACCACCGCACGCTGCTGGAG
GGCAGCGGCCTGGAGTCCATCATCAGCATCATCCACAGCTCCCTGGCTGAGCCACGTGTG
AGTCGGGAGGGCTAG
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID U26644 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID FASN Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID FASN Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:3594 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 1 Locus 17q25
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Jayakumar A, Tai MH, Huang WY, al-Feel W, Hsu M, Abu-Elheiga L, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ: Human fatty acid synthase: properties and molecular cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 12;92(19):8695-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kuhajda FP, Jenner K, Wood FD, Hennigar RA, Jacobs LB, Dick JD, Pasternack GR: Fatty acid synthesis: a potential selective target for antineoplastic therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 5;91(14):6379-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Semenkovich CF, Coleman T, Fiedorek FT Jr: Human fatty acid synthase mRNA: tissue distribution, genetic mapping, and kinetics of decay after glucose deprivation. J Lipid Res. 1995 Jul;36(7):1507-21. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5287
Enzyme 2 Name Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
  2. PLA2-10
  3. Group V phospholipase A2
Enzyme 2 Gene Name PLA2G5
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 precursor
MKGLLPLAWFLACSVPAVQGGLLDLKSMIEKVTGKNALTNYGFYGCYCGWGGRGTPKDGT
DWCCWAHDHCYGRLEEKGCNIRTQSYKYRFAWGVVTCEPGPFCHVNLCACDRKLVYCLKR
NLRSYNPQYQYFPNILCS
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 138
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 15674
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 8.48
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 2 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. This isozyme hydrolyzes more efficiently L-alpha-1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine than L-alpha-1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl phosphatidylcholine, L- alpha-1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl phosphatidylethanolamine, or L- alpha-1-stearoyl-2-arachidonyl phosphatidylinositol. May be involved in the production of lung surfactant, the remodeling or regulation of cardiac muscle
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 460915 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P39877 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2G5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >417 bp
ATGAAAGGCCTCCTCCCACTGGCTTGGTTCCTGGCTTGTAGTGTGCCTGCTGTGCAAGGA
GGCTTGCTGGACCTAAAATCAATGATCGAGAAGGTGACAGGGAAGAACGCCCTGACAAAC
TACGGCTTCTACGGCTGTTACTGCGGCTGGGGCGGCCGAGGAACCCCCAAGGATGGCACC
GATTGGTGCTGTTGGGCGCATGACCACTGCTATGGGCGGCTGGAGGAGAAGGGCTGCAAC
ATTCGCACACAGTCCTACAAATACAGATTCGCGTGGGGCGTGGTCACCTGCGAGCCCGGG
CCCTTCTGCCATGTGAACCTCTGTGCCTGTGACCGGAAGCTCGTCTACTGCCTCAAGAGA
AACCTACGGAGCTACAACCCACAGTACCAATACTTTCCCAACATCCTCTGCTCCTAG
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID U03090 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID PLA2G5 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID PLA2G5 Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:9038 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 2 Locus 1p36-p34
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Chen J, Engle SJ, Seilhamer JJ, Tischfield JA: Cloning and recombinant expression of a novel human low molecular weight Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 28;269(4):2365-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5288
Enzyme 3 Name Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIIF
  2. GIIF sPLA2
  3. sPLA(2-IIF
Enzyme 3 Gene Name PLA2G2F
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
MKKFFTVAILAGSVLSTAHGSLLNLKAMVEAVTGRSAILSFVGYGCYCGLGGRGQPKDEV
DWCCHAHDCCYQELFDQGCHPYVDHYDHTIENNTEIVCSDLNKTECDKQTCMCDKNMVLC
LMNQTYREEYRGFLNVYCQGPTPNCSIYEPPPEEVTCSHQSPAPPAPP
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 168
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 18658
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 4.94
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 3 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Hydrolyzes phosphatidylglycerol versus phosphatidylcholine with a 15-fold preference
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 12276060 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BZM2 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2GF_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >507 bp
ATGAAGAAGTTCTTCACCGTGGCCATCCTTGCTGGCAGCGTTCTGTCCACAGCTCACGGC
AGCCTGCTCAACCTGAAGGCCATGGTGGAGGCCGTCACAGGGAGGAGCGCCATCCTGTCC
TTCGTGGGCTACGGTTGCTACTGTGGGCTGGGGGGCCGTGGCCAGCCCAAGGATGAGGTG
GACTGGTGCTGCCACGCCCACGACTGCTGCTACCAGGAACTCTTTGACCAAGGCTGTCAC
CCCTATGTGGACCACTATGATCACACCATCGAGAACAACACTGAGATAGTCTGCAGTGAC
CTCAACAAGACAGAGTGTGACAAGCAGACATGCATGTGTGACAAGAACATGGTTCTGTGC
CTCATGAACCAGACGTACCGAGAGGAGTACCGTGGCTTCCTCAATGTCTACTGCCAGGGC
CCCACGCCCAACTGCAGCATCTATGAACCGCCCCCTGAGGAGGTCACCTGCAGTCACCAA
TCCCCAGCGCCCCCCGCCCCTCCCTAG
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID AF306566 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID PLA2G2F Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID PLA2G2F Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:30040 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 3 Locus 1p35
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Valentin E, Singer AG, Ghomashchi F, Lazdunski M, Gelb MH, Lambeau G: Cloning and recombinant expression of human group IIF-secreted phospholipase A(2). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 9;279(1):223-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 5289
Enzyme 4 Name Cytosolic phospholipase A2
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. cPLA2
  2. Phospholipase A2 group IVA[Includes: Phospholipase A2
  3. Phosphatidylcholine 2- acylhydrolase
  4. Lysophospholipase
Enzyme 4 Gene Name PLA2G4A
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Cytosolic phospholipase A2
MSFIDPYQHIIVEHQYSHKFTVVVLRATKVTKGAFGDMLDTPDPYVELFISTTPDSRKRT
RHFNNDINPVWNETFEFILDPNQENVLEITLMDANYVMDETLGTATFTVSSMKVGEKKEV
PFIFNQVTEMVLEMSLEVCSCPDLRFSMALCDQEKTFRQQRKEHIRESMKKLLGPKNSEG
LHSARDVPVVAILGSGGGFRAMVGFSGVMKALYESGILDCATYVAGLSGSTWYMSTLYSH
PDFPEKGPEEINEELMKNVSHNPLLLLTPQKVKRYVESLWKKKSSGQPVTFTDIFGMLIG
ETLIHNRMNTTLSSLKEKVNTAQCPLPLFTCLHVKPDVSELMFADWVEFSPYEIGMAKYG
TFMAPDLFGSKFFMGTVVKKYEENPLHFLMGVWGSAFSILFNRVLGVSGSQSRGSTMEEE
LENITTKHIVSNDSSDSDDESHEPKGTENEDAGSDYQSDNQASWIHRMIMALVSDSALFN
TREGRAGKVHNFMLGLNLNTSYPLSPLSDFATQDSFDDDELDAAVADPDEFERIYEPLDV
KSKKIHVVDSGLTFNLPYPLILRPQRGVDLIISFDFSARPSDSSPPFKELLLAEKWAKMN
KLPFPKIDPYVFDREGLKECYVFKPKNPDMEKDCPTIIHFVLANINFRKYKAPGVPRETE
EEKEIADFDIFDDPESPFSTFNFQYPNQAFKRLHDLMHFNTLNNIDVIKEAMVESIEYRR
QNPSRCSVSLSNVEARRFFNKEFLSKPKA
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 749
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 85212
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 5.03
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • cellular lipid metabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • membrane lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • phospholipid catabolism
  • phospholipid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid. Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response
Enzyme 4 Pathways
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 190007 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P47712 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA24A_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID 1CJY Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB File Show
Enzyme 4 3D Structure
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >2250 bp
ATGTCATTTATAGATCCTTACCAGCACATTATAGTGGAGCACCAGTATTCCCACAAGTTT
ACGGTAGTGGTGTTACGTGCCACCAAAGTGACAAAGGGGGCCTTTGGTGACATGCTTGAT
ACTCCAGATCCCTATGTGGAACTTTTTATCTCTACAACCCCTGACAGCAGGAAGAGAACA
AGACATTTCAATAATGACATAAACCCTGTGTGGAATGAGACCTTTGAATTTATTTTGGAT
CCTAATCAGGAAAATGTTTTGGAGATTACGTTAATGGATGCCAATTATGTCATGGATGAA
ACTCTAGGGACAGCAACATTTACTGTATCTTCTATGAAGGTGGGAGAAAAGAAAGAAGTT
CCTTTTATTTTCAACCAAGTCACTGAAATGGTTCTAGAAATGTCTCTTGAAGTTTGCTCA
TGCCCAGACCTACGATTTAGTATGGCTCTGTGTGATCAGGAGAAGACTTTCAGACAACAG
AGAAAAGAACACATAAGGGAGAGCATGAAGAAACTCTTGGGTCCAAAGAATAGTGAAGGA
TTGCATTCTGCACGTGATGTGCCTGTGGTAGCCATATTGGGTTCAGGTGGGGGTTTCCGA
GCCATGGTGGGATTCTCTGGTGTGATGAAGGCATTATACGAATCAGGAATTCTGGATTGT
GCTACCTACGTTGCTGGTCTTTCTGGCTCCACCTGGTATATGTCAACCTTGTATTCTCAC
CCTGATTTTCCAGAGAAAGGGCCAGAGGAGATTAATGAAGAACTAATGAAAAATGTTAGC
CACAATCCCCTTTTACTTCTCACACCACAGAAAGTTAAAAGATATGTTGAGTCTTTATGG
AAGAAGAAAAGCTCTGGACAACCTGTCACCTTTACTGATATCTTTGGGATGTTAATAGGA
GAAACACTAATTCATAATAGAATGAATACTACTCTGAGCAGTTTGAAGGAAAAAGTTAAT
ACTGCACAATGCCCTTTACCTCTTTTCACCTGTCTTCATGTCAAACCTGACGTTTCAGAG
CTGATGTTTGCAGATTGGGTTGAATTTAGTCCATACGAAATTGGCATGGCTAAATATGGT
ACTTTTATGGCTCCCGACTTATTTGGAAGCAAATTTTTTATGGGAACAGTCGTTAAGAAG
TATGAAGAAAACCCCTTGCATTTCTTAATGGGTGTCTGGGGCAGTGCCTTTTCCATATTG
TTCAACAGAGTTTTGGGCGTTTCTGGTTCACAAAGCAGAGGCTCCACAATGGAGGAAGAA
TTAGAAAATATTACCACAAAGCATATTGTGAGTAATGATAGCTCGGACAGTGATGATGAA
TCACACGAACCCAAAGGCACTGAAAATGAAGATGCTGGAAGTGACTATCAAAGTGATAAT
CAAGCAAGTTGGATTCATCGTATGATAATGGCCTTGGTGAGTGATTCAGCTTTATTCAAT
ACCAGAGAAGGACGTGCTGGGAAGGTACACAACTTCATGCTGGGCTTGAATCTCAATACA
TCTTATCCACTGTCTCCTTTGAGTGACTTTGCCACACAGGACTCCTTTGATGATGATGAA
CTGGATGCAGCTGTAGCAGATCCTGATGAATTTGAGCGAATATATGAGCCTCTGGATGTC
AAAAGTAAAAAGATTCATGTAGTGGACAGTGGGCTCACATTTAACCTGCCGTATCCCTTG
ATACTGAGACCTCAGAGAGGGGTTGATCTCATAATCTCCTTTGACTTTTCTGCAAGGCCA
AGTGACTCTAGTCCTCCGTTCAAGGAACTTCTACTTGCAGAAAAGTGGGCTAAAATGAAC
AAGCTCCCCTTTCCAAAGATTGATCCTTATGTGTTTGATCGGGAAGGGCTGAAGGAGTGC
TATGTCTTTAAACCCAAGAATCCTGATATGGAGAAAGATTGCCCAACCATCATCCACTTT
GTTCTGGCCAACATCAACTTCAGAAAGTACAAGGCTCCAGGTGTTCCAAGGGAAACTGAG
GAAGAGAAAGAAATCGCTGACTTTGATATTTTTGATGACCCAGAATCACCATTTTCAACC
TTCAATTTTCAATATCCAAATCAAGCATTCAAAAGACTACATGATCTTATGCACTTCAAT
ACTCTGAACAACATTGATGTGATAAAAGAAGCCATGGTTGAAAGCATTGAATATAGAAGA
CAGAATCCATCTCGTTGCTCTGTTTCCCTTAGTAATGTTGAGGCAAGAAGATTTTTCAAC
AAGGAGTTTCTAAGTAAACCCAAAGCATAG
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID M72393 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID PLA2G4A Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID PLA2G4A Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:9035 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 4 Locus 1q25
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Clark JD, Lin LL, Kriz RW, Ramesha CS, Sultzman LA, Lin AY, Milona N, Knopf JL: A novel arachidonic acid-selective cytosolic PLA2 contains a Ca(2+)-dependent translocation domain with homology to PKC and GAP. Cell. 1991 Jun 14;65(6):1043-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Sharp JD, White DL, Chiou XG, Goodson T, Gamboa GC, McClure D, Burgett S, Hoskins J, Skatrud PL, Sportsman JR, et al.: Molecular cloning and expression of human Ca(2+)-sensitive cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 15;266(23):14850-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lin LL, Wartmann M, Lin AY, Knopf JL, Seth A, Davis RJ: cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase. Cell. 1993 Jan 29;72(2):269-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Sheridan AM, Force T, Yoon HJ, O'Leary E, Choukroun G, Taheri MR, Bonventre JV: PLIP, a novel splice variant of Tip60, interacts with group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2), induces apoptosis, and potentiates prostaglandin production. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Jul;21(14):4470-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Perisic O, Fong S, Lynch DE, Bycroft M, Williams RL: Crystal structure of a calcium-phospholipid binding domain from cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1596-604. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Xu GY, McDonagh T, Yu HA, Nalefski EA, Clark JD, Cumming DA: Solution structure and membrane interactions of the C2 domain of cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Mol Biol. 1998 Jul 17;280(3):485-500. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 5290
Enzyme 5 Name Phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2- acylhydrolase
  2. Group IB phospholipase A2
Enzyme 5 Gene Name PLA2G1B
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >Phospholipase A2 precursor
MKLLVLAVLLTVAAADSGISPRAVWQFRKMIKCVIPGSDPFLEYNNYGCYCGLGGSGTPV
DELDKCCQTHDNCYDQAKKLDSCKFLLDNPYTHTYSYSCSGSAITCSSKNKECEAFICNC
DRNAAICFSKAPYNKAHKNLDTKKYCQS
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 148
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 16360
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 7.91
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 5 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • 1-15
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 387025 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P04054 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA21B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >447 bp
ATGAAACTCCTTGTGCTAGCTGTGCTGCTCACAGTGGCCGCCGCCGACAGCGGCATCAGC
CCTCGGGCCGTGTGGCAGTTCCGCAAAATGATCAAGTGCGTGATCCCGGGGAGTGACCCC
TTCTTGGAATACAACAACTACGGCTGCTACTGTGGCTTGGGGGGCTCAGGCACCCCCGTG
GATGAACTGGACAAGTGCTGCCAGACACATGACAACTGCTACGACCAGGCCAAGAAGCTG
GACAGCTGTAAATTTCTGCTGGACAACCCGTACACCCACACCTATTCATACTCGTGCTCT
GGCTCGGCAATCACCTGTAGCAGCAAAAACAAAGAGTGTGAGGCCTTCATTTGCAACTGC
GACCGCAACGCTGCCATCTGCTTTTCAAAAGCTCCATATAACAAGGCACACAAGAACCTG
GACACCAAGAAGTATTGTCAGAGTTGA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID M21056 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID PLA2G1B Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID PLA2G1B Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:9030 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 12
Enzyme 5 Locus 12q23-q24.1
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Seilhamer JJ, Randall TL, Yamanaka M, Johnson LK: Pancreatic phospholipase A2: isolation of the human gene and cDNAs from porcine pancreas and human lung. DNA. 1986 Dec;5(6):519-27. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Grataroli R, Dijkman R, Dutilh CE, van der Ouderaa F, De Haas GH, Figarella C: Studies on prophospholipase A2 and its enzyme from human pancreatic juice. Catalytic properties and sequence of the N-terminal region. Eur J Biochem. 1982 Feb;122(1):111-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Verheij HM, Westerman J, Sternby B, De Haas GH: The complete primary structure of phospholipase A2 from human pancreas. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Sep 14;747(1-2):93-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 5291
Enzyme 6 Name Group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein precursor
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. Group XIII secretory phospholipase A2-like protein
  2. GXIII sPLA2-like
  3. GXIIB
Enzyme 6 Gene Name PLA2G12B
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein precursor
MKLASGFLVLWLSLGGGLAQSDTSPDTEESYSDWGLRHLRGSFESVNSYFDSFLELLGGK
NGVCQYRCRYGKAPMPRPGYKPQEPNGCGSYFLGLKVPESMDLGIPAMTKCCNQLDVCYD
TCGANKYRCDAKFRWCLHSICSDLKRSLGFVSKVEAACDSLVDTVFNTVWTLGCRPFMNS
QRAACICAEEEKEEL
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 195
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 21659
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 5.81
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
  • extracellular region
Enzyme 6 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Not known; does not seem to have catalytic activity
Enzyme 6 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 6 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 13560707 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BX93 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PG12B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >585 bp
ATGAAGCTGGCCAGTGGCTTCTTGGTTTTGTGGCTCAGCCTTGGGGGTGGCCTGGCTCAG
AGCGACACGAGCCCTGACACGGAGGAGTCCTATTCAGACTGGGGCCTTCGGCACCTCCGG
GGAAGCTTTGAATCCGTCAATAGCTACTTCGATTCTTTTCTGGAGCTGCTGGGAGGGAAG
AATGGAGTCTGTCAGTACAGGTGCCGATATGGAAAGGCACCAATGCCCAGACCTGGCTAC
AAGCCCCAAGAGCCCAATGGCTGCGGCTCCTATTTCCTGGGTCTCAAGGTACCAGAAAGT
ATGGACTTGGGCATTCCAGCAATGACAAAGTGCTGCAACCAGCTGGATGTCTGTTATGAC
ACTTGCGGTGCCAACAAATATCGCTGTGATGCAAAATTCCGATGGTGTCTCCACTCGATC
TGCTCTGACCTTAAGCGGAGTCTGGGCTTTGTCTCCAAAGTGGAAGCCTGTGATTCCCTG
GTTGACACTGTGTTCAACACCGTGTGGACCTTGGGCTGCCGCCCCTTTATGAATAGTCAG
CGGGCAGCTTGCATCTGTGCAGAGGAGGAGAAGGAAGAGTTATGA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID AF349540 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID PLA2G12B Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID PLA2G12B Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:18555 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 6 Locus 10q22.1
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Rouault M, Bollinger JG, Lazdunski M, Gelb MH, Lambeau G: Novel mammalian group XII secreted phospholipase A2 lacking enzymatic activity. Biochemistry. 2003 Oct 7;42(39):11494-503. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 5292
Enzyme 7 Name Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 7 Synonyms
  1. Group X secretory phospholipase A2
  2. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GX
  3. GX sPLA2
  4. sPLA2-X
Enzyme 7 Gene Name PLA2G10
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
MLLLLLPSLLLLLLLPGPGSGEASRILRVHRRGILELAGTVGCVGPRTPIAYMKYGCFCG
LGGHGQPRDAIDWCCHGHDCCYTRAEEAGCSPKTERYSWQCVNQSVLCGPAENKCQELLC
KCDQEIANCLAQTEYNLKYLFYPQFLCEPDSPKCD
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 155
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 17132
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 6.46
Enzyme 7 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 7 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 7 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Has a powerful potency for releasing arachidonic acid from cell membrane phospholipids. Prefers phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine liposomes to those of phosphatidylserine
Enzyme 7 Pathways
Enzyme 7 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • 1-21
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein 2289237 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15496 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2GX_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence >498 bp
ATGGGGCCGCTACCTGTGTGCCTGCCAATCATGCTGCTCCTGCTACTGCCGTCGCTGCTG
CTGCTGCTGCTTCTACCTGGCCCCGGGTCCGGCGAGGCCTCCAGGATATTACGTGTGCAC
CGGCGTGGGATCCTGGAACTGGCAGGAACTGTGGGTTGTGTTGGTCCCCGAACCCCCATC
GCCTATATGAAATATGGTTGCTTTTGTGGCTTGGGAGGCCATGGCCAGCCCCGCGATGCC
ATTGACTGGTGCTGCCATGGCCACGACTGTTGTTACACTCGAGCTGAGGAGGCCGGCTGC
AGCCCCAAGACAGAGCGCTACTCCTGGCAGTGCGTCAATCAGAGCGTCCTGTGCGGACCG
GCAGAGAACAAATGCCAAGAACTGTTGTGCAAGTGTGACCAGGAGATTGCTAACTGCTTA
GCCCAAACTGAGTACAACTTAAAGTACCTCTTCTACCCCCAGTTCCTATGTGAGCCGGAC
TCGCCCAAGTGTGACTGA
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID U95301 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID PLA2G10 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID PLA2G10 Link Image
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID HGNC:9029 Link Image
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location 16
Enzyme 7 Locus 16p13.1-p12
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References
  1. Cupillard L, Koumanov K, Mattei MG, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Cloning, chromosomal mapping, and expression of a novel human secretory phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 20;272(25):15745-52. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 5293
Enzyme 8 Name Galactoside-binding soluble lectin 13
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. Placental tissue protein 13
  2. Placenta protein 13
  3. PP13
  4. Galectin-13
Enzyme 8 Gene Name LGALS13
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >Galactoside-binding soluble lectin 13
MSSLPVPYKLPVSLSVGSCVIIKGTPIHSFINDPQLQVDFYTDMDEDSDIAFRFRVHFGN
HVVMNRREFGIWMLEETTDYVPFEDGKQFELCIYVHYNEYEIKVNGIRIYGFVHRIPPSF
VKMVQVSRDISLTSVCVCN
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 139
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 16119
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 5.53
Enzyme 8 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • carbohydrate binding
  • sugar binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 8 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 8 Specific Function Has lysophospholipase activity
Enzyme 8 Pathways
Enzyme 8 Reactions
  • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein 6650760 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UHV8 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PP13_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >420 bp
ATGTCTTCTTTACCCGTGCCATACAAACTGCCTGTGTCTTTGTCTGTTGGTTCCTGCGTG
ATAATCAAAGGGACACCAATCCACTCTTTTATCAATGACCCACAGCTGCAGGTGGATTTC
TACACTGACATGGATGAGGATTCAGATATTGCCTTCCGTTTCCGAGTGCACTTTGGCAAT
CATGTGGTCATGAACAGGCGTGAGTTTGGGATATGGATGTTGGAGGAGACAACAGACTAC
GTGCCCTTTGAGGATGGCAAACAATTTGAGCTGTGCATCTACGTACATTACAATGAGTAT
GAGATAAAGGTCAATGGCATACGCATTTACGGCTTTGTCCATCGAATCCCGCCATCATTT
GTGAAGATGGTGCAAGTGTCGAGAGATATCTCCCTGACCTCAGTGTGTGTCTGCAATTGA
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID AF117383 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID LGALS13 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID LGALS13 Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:15449 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 8 Locus 19q13.1
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. Than NG, Sumegi B, Than GN, Berente Z, Bohn H: Isolation and sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding human placental tissue protein 13 (PP13), a new lysophospholipase, homologue of human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden Crystal protein. Placenta. 1999 Nov;20(8):703-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bohn H, Kraus W, Winckler W: Purification and characterization of two new soluble placental tissue proteins (PP13 and PP17). Oncodev Biol Med. 1983;4(5):343-50. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 9 [top]
Enzyme 9 ID 5294
Enzyme 9 Name Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 9 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIIE
  2. GIIE sPLA2
  3. sPLA(2-IIE
Enzyme 9 Gene Name PLA2G2E
Enzyme 9 Protein Sequence >Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
MKSPHVLVFLCLLVALVTGNLVQFGVMIEKMTGKSALQYNDYGCYCGIGGSHWPVDQTDW
CCHAHDCCYGRLEKLGCEPKLEKYLFSVSERGIFCAGRTTCQRLTCECDKRAALCFRRNL
GTYNRKYAHYPNKLCTGPTPPC
Enzyme 9 Number of Residues 142
Enzyme 9 Molecular Weight 15989
Enzyme 9 Theoretical pI 8.28
Enzyme 9 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 9 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 9 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Has a preference for arachidonic-containing phospholipids
Enzyme 9 Pathways
Enzyme 9 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 9 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 9 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 9 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 9 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 9 GenBank ID Protein 7108923 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NZK7 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2GE_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 9 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 9 Gene Sequence >429 bp
ATGAAATCTCCCCACGTGCTGGTGTTCCTTTGCCTCCTGGTGGCTCTGGTCACCGGGAAC
CTGGTTCAGTTTGGGGTGATGATCGAGAAGATGACAGGCAAGTCCGCCCTGCAGTACAAC
GACTATGGCTGTTACTGCGGCATCGGTGGCTCCCACTGGCCGGTGGACCAGACTGACTGG
TGCTGCCACGCCCACGACTGCTGCTACGGGCGTCTGGAGAAGCTGGGCTGTGAGCCCAAA
CTGGAAAAGTATCTTTTCTCTGTCAGCGAACGTGGCATTTTCTGCGCCGGCAGGACCACC
TGCCAGCGGCTGACCTGCGAGTGTGACAAGAGGGCTGCCCTCTGCTTTCGCCGCAACCTG
GGCACCTACAACCGCAAATATGCCCATTATCCCAACAAGCTGTGCACCGGGCCCACCCCG
CCCTGCTGA
Enzyme 9 GenBank Gene ID AF189279 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GeneCard ID PLA2G2E Link Image
Enzyme 9 GenAtlas ID PLA2G2E Link Image
Enzyme 9 HGNC ID HGNC:13414 Link Image
Enzyme 9 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 9 Locus 1p36.13
Enzyme 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 9 General References
  1. Suzuki N, Ishizaki J, Yokota Y, Higashino K, Ono T, Ikeda M, Fujii N, Kawamoto K, Hanasaki K: Structures, enzymatic properties, and expression of novel human and mouse secretory phospholipase A(2)s. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5785-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 9 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 10 [top]
Enzyme 10 ID 5296
Enzyme 10 Name Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 10 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GXII
  2. GXII sPLA2
Enzyme 10 Gene Name PLA2G12A
Enzyme 10 Protein Sequence >Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
MALLSRPALTLLLLLMAAVVRCQEQAQTTDWRATLKTIRNGVHKIDTYLNAALDLLGGED
GLCQYKCSDGSKPFPRYGYKPSPPNGCGSPLFGVHLNIGIPSLTKCCNQHDRCYETCGKS
KNDCDEEFQYCLSKICRDVQKTLGLTQHVQACETTVELLFDSVIHLGCKPYLDSQRAACR
CHYEEKTDL
Enzyme 10 Number of Residues 189
Enzyme 10 Molecular Weight 21067
Enzyme 10 Theoretical pI 7.27
Enzyme 10 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
  • extracellular region
Enzyme 10 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 10 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides
Enzyme 10 Pathways
Enzyme 10 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 10 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 10 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 10 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 10 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank ID Protein 12276062 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BZM1 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PG12A_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 10 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Sequence >570 bp
ATGGCCCTGCTCTCGCGCCCCGCGCTCACCCTCCTGCTCCTCCTCATGGCCGCTGTTGTC
AGGTGCCAGGAGCAGGCCCAGACCACCGACTGGAGAGCCACCCTGAAGACCATCCGGAAC
GGCGTTCATAAGATAGACACGTACCTGAACGCCGCCTTGGACCTCCTGGGAGGCGAGGAC
GGTCTCTGCCAGTATAAATGCAGTGACGGATCTAAGCCTTTCCCACGTTATGGTTATAAA
CCCTCCCCACCGAATGGATGTGGCTCTCCACTGTTTGGTGTTCATCTTAACATTGGTATC
CCTTCCCTGACAAAGTGTTGCAACCAACACGACAGGTGCTATGAGACCTGTGGCAAAAGC
AAGAATGACTGTGATGAAGAATTCCAGTATTGCCTCTCCAAGATCTGCCGAGATGTACAG
AAAACACTAGGACTAACTCAGCATGTTCAGGCATGTGAAACAACAGTGGAGCTCTTGTTT
GACAGTGTTATACATTTAGGTTGTAAACCATATCTGGACAGCCAACGAGCCGCATGCAGG
TGTCATTATGAAGAAAAAACTGATCTTTAA
Enzyme 10 GenBank Gene ID AF306567 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GeneCard ID PLA2G12A Link Image
Enzyme 10 GenAtlas ID PLA2G12A Link Image
Enzyme 10 HGNC ID HGNC:18554 Link Image
Enzyme 10 Chromosome Location 4
Enzyme 10 Locus 4q25
Enzyme 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 10 General References
  1. Gelb MH, Valentin E, Ghomashchi F, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Cloning and recombinant expression of a structurally novel human secreted phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 2000 Dec 22;275(51):39823-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 10 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 11 [top]
Enzyme 11 ID 5297
Enzyme 11 Name 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
Enzyme 11 Synonyms
  1. iPLA2
  2. CaI- PLA2
  3. Group VI phospholipase A2
  4. GVI PLA2
Enzyme 11 Gene Name PLA2G6
Enzyme 11 Protein Sequence >85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
MQFFGRLVNTFSGVTNLFSNPFRVKEVAVADYTSSDRVREEGQLILFQNTPNRTWDCVLV
NPRNSQSGFRLFQLELEADALVNFHQYSSQLLPFYESSPQVLHTEVLQHLTDLIRNHPSW
SVAHLAVELGIRECFHHSRIISCANCAENEEGCTPLHLACRKGDGEILVELVQYCHTQMD
VTDYKGETVFHYAVQGDNSQVLQLLGRNAVAGLNQVNNQGLTPLHLACQLGKQEMVRVLL
LCNARCNIMGPNGYPIHSAMKFSQKGCAEMIISMDSSQIHSKDPRYGASPLHWAKNAEMA
RMLLKRGCNVNSTSSAGNTALHVAVMRNRFDCAIVLLTHGANADARGEHGNTPLHLAMSK
DNVEMIKALIVFGAEVDTPNDFGETPTFLASKIGRLVTRKAILTLLRTVGAEYCFPPIHG
VPAEQGSAAPHHPFSLERAQPPPISLNNLELQDLMHISRARKPAFILGSMRDEKRTHDHL
LCLDGGGVKGLIIIQLLIAIEKASGVATKDLFDWVAGTSTGGILALAILHSKSMAYMRGM
YFRMKDEVFRGSRPYESGPLEEFLKREFGEHTKMTDVRKPKVMLTGTLSDRQPAELHLFR
NYDAPETVREPRFNQNVNLRPPAQPSDQLVWRAARSSGAAPTYFRPNGRFLDGGLLANNP
TLDAMTEIHEYNQDLIRKGQANKVKKLSIVVSLGTGRSPQVPVTCVDVFRPSNPWELAKT
VFGAKELGKMVVDCCTDPDGRAVDRARAWCEMVGIQYFRLNPQLGTDIMLDEVSDTVLVN
ALWETEVYIYEHREEFQKLIQLLLSP
Enzyme 11 Number of Residues 806
Enzyme 11 Molecular Weight 89904
Enzyme 11 Theoretical pI 7.28
Enzyme 11 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 11 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 11 Specific Function Isoform ankyrin-iPLA2-1 and isoform ankyrin-iPLA2-2, which lack the catalytic domain, are probably involved in the negative regulation of iPLA2 activity
Enzyme 11 Pathways
Enzyme 11 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 11 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 11 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 11 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 11 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 11 GenBank ID Protein 3142700 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O60733 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2G6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 11 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 11 Gene Sequence >2421 bp
ATGCAGTTCTTTGGCCGCCTGGTCAATACCTTCAGTGGCGTCACCAACTTGTTCTCTAAC
CCATTCCGGGTGAAGGAGGTGGCTGTGGCCGACTACACCTCGAGTGACCGAGTTCGGGAG
GAAGGGCAGCTGATTCTGTTCCAGAACACTCCCAACCGCACCTGGGACTGCGTCCTGGTC
AACCCCAGGAACTCACAGAGTGGATTCCGACTCTTCCAGCTGGAGTTGGAGGCTGACGCC
CTAGTGAATTTCCATCAGTATTCTTCCCAGCTGCTACCCTTCTATGAGAGCTCCCCTCAG
GTCCTGCACACTGAGGTCCTGCAGCACCTGACCGACCTCATCCGTAACCACCCCAGCTGG
TCAGTGGCCCACCTGGCTGTGGAGCTAGGGATCCGCGAGTGCTTCCATCACAGCCGTATC
ATCAGCTGTGCCAATTGCGCGGAGAACGAGGAGGGCTGCACACCCCTGCACCTGGCCTGC
CGCAAGGGTGATGGGGAGATCCTGGTGGAGCTGGTGCAGTACTGCCACACTCAGATGGAT
GTCACCGACTACAAGGGAGAGACCGTCTTCCATTATGCTGTCCAGGGTGACAATTCTCAG
GTGCTGCAGCTCCTTGGAAGGAACGCAGTGGCTGGCCTGAACCAGGTGAATAACCAAGGG
CTGACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCTGCCAGCTGGGGAAGCAGGAGATGGTCCGCGTGCTGCTG
CTGTGCAATGCTCGGTGCAACATCATGGGCCCCAACGGCTACCCCATCCACTCGGCCATG
AAGTTCTCTCAGAAGGGGTGTGCGGAGATGATCATCAGCATGGACAGCAGCCAGATCCAC
AGCAAAGACCCCCGTTACGGAGCCAGCCCCCTCCACTGGGCCAAGAACGCAGAGATGGCC
CGCATGCTGCTGAAACGGGGCTGCAACGTGAACAGCACCAGCTCCGCGGGGAACACGGCC
CTGCACGTGGCGGTGATGCGCAACCGCTTCGACTGTGCCATAGTGCTGCTGACCCACGGG
GCCAACGCGGATGCCCGCGGAGAGCACGGCAACACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCATGTCGAAA
GACAACGTGGAGATGATCAAGGCCCTCATCGTGTTCGGAGCAGAAGTGGACACCCCGAAT
GACTTTGGGGAGACTCCTACATTCCTAGCCTCCAAAATCGGCAGACTTGTCACCAGGAAG
GCGATCTTGACTCTGCTGAGAACCGTGGGGGCCGAATACTGCTTCCCACCCATCCACGGG
GTCCCCGCGGAGCAGGGCTCTGCAGCGCCACATCATCCCTTCTCCCTGGAAAGAGCTCAG
CCCCCACCGATCAGCCTAAACAACCTAGAACTACAGGATCTCATGCACATCTCACGGGCC
CGGAAGCCAGCGTTCATCCTGGGCTCCATGAGGGACGAGAAGCGGACCCACGACCACCTG
CTGTGCCTGGATGGAGGAGGAGTGAAAGGCCTCATCATCATCCAGCTCCTCATCGCCATC
GAGAAGGCCTCGGGTGTGGCCACCAAGGACCTGTTTGACTGGGTGGCGGGCACCAGCACT
GGAGGCATCCTGGCCCTGGCCATTCTGCACAGTAAGTCCATGGCCTACATGCGCGGCATG
TACTTTCGCATGAAGGATGAGGTGTTCCGGGGCTCCAGGCCCTACGAGTCGGGGCCCCTG
GAGGAGTTCCTGAAGCGGGAGTTTGGGGAGCACACCAAGATGACGGACGTCAGGAAACCC
AAGGTGATGCTGACAGGGACACTGTCTGACCGGCAGCCGGCTGAACTCCACCTCTTCCGG
AACTACGATGCTCCAGAAACTGTCCGGGAGCCTCGTTTCAACCAGAACGTTAACCTCAGG
CCTCCAGCTCAGCCCTCAGACCAGCTGGTGTGGCGGGCGGCCCGAAGCAGCGGGGCAGCT
CCTACTTACTTCCGACCCAATGGGCGCTTCCTGGACGGTGGGCTGCTGGCCAACAACCCC
ACGCTGGATGCCATGACCGAGATCCATGAGTACAATCAGGACCTGATCCGCAAGGGTCAG
GCCAACAAGGTGAAGAAACTCTCCATCGTTGTCTCCCTGGGGACAGGGAGGTCCCCACAA
GTGCCTGTGACCTGTGTGGATGTCTTCCGTCCCAGCAACCCCTGGGAGCTGGCCAAGACT
GTTTTTGGGGCCAAGGAACTGGGCAAGATGGTGGTGGACTGTTGCACGGATCCAGACGGG
CGGGCTGTGGACCGGGCACGGGCCTGGTGCGAGATGGTCGGCATCCAGTACTTCAGATTG
AACCCCCAGCTGGGGACGGACATCATGCTGGATGAGGTCAGTGACACAGTGCTGGTCAAC
GCCCTCTGGGAGACCGAGGTCTACATCTATGAGCACCGCGAGGAGTTCCAGAAGCTCATC
CACCTGCTGCTCTCACCCTGA
Enzyme 11 GenBank Gene ID AF064594 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GeneCard ID PLA2G6 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GenAtlas ID PLA2G6 Link Image
Enzyme 11 HGNC ID HGNC:9039 Link Image
Enzyme 11 Chromosome Location 22
Enzyme 11 Locus 22q13.1
Enzyme 11 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 11 General References
  1. Larsson PK, Claesson HE, Kennedy BP: Multiple splice variants of the human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and their effect on enzyme activity. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 2;273(1):207-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ma Z, Wang X, Nowatzke W, Ramanadham S, Turk J: Human pancreatic islets express mRNA species encoding two distinct catalytically active isoforms of group VI phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) that arise from an exon-skipping mechanism of alternative splicing of the transcript from the iPLA2 gene on chromosome 22q13.1. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 2;274(14):9607-16. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Larsson Forsell PK, Kennedy BP, Claesson HE: The human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 gene multiple enzymes with distinct properties from a single gene. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Jun;262(2):575-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 11 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 12 [top]
Enzyme 12 ID 5299
Enzyme 12 Name Eosinophil lysophospholipase
Enzyme 12 Synonyms
  1. Charcot-Leyden crystal protein
  2. Lysolecithin acylhydrolase
  3. CLC
  4. Galectin-10
Enzyme 12 Gene Name CLC
Enzyme 12 Protein Sequence >Eosinophil lysophospholipase
MSLLPVPYTEAASLSTGSTVTIKGRPLVCFLNEPYLQVDFHTEMKEESDIVFHFQVCFGR
RVVMNSREYGAWKQQVESKNMPFQDGQEFELSISVLPDKYQVMVNGQSSYTFDHRIKPEA
VKMVQVWRDISLTKFNVSYLKR
Enzyme 12 Number of Residues 142
Enzyme 12 Molecular Weight 16481
Enzyme 12 Theoretical pI 7.50
Enzyme 12 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • carbohydrate binding
  • sugar binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 12 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 12 Specific Function May have both lysophospholipase and carbohydrate-binding activities
Enzyme 12 Pathways
Enzyme 12 Reactions
  • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 12 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 12 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 12 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 12 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 12 GenBank ID Protein 187274 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q05315 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LPPL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 12 PDB ID 1QKQ Link Image
Enzyme 12 PDB File Show
Enzyme 12 3D Structure
Enzyme 12 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 12 Gene Sequence >429 bp
ATGTCCCTGCTACCCGTGCCATACACAGAGGCTGCCTCTTTGTCTACTGGTTCTACTGTG
ACAATCAAAGGGCGACCACTTGTCTGTTTCTTGAATGAACCATATCTGCAGGTGGATTTC
CACACTGAGATGAAGGAGGAATCAGACATTGTCTTCCATTTCCAAGTGTGCTTTGGTCGT
CGTGTGGTCATGAACAGCCGTGAGTATGGGGCCTGGAAGCAGCAGGTGGAATCCAAGAAC
ATGCCCTTTCAGGATGGCCAAGAATTTGAACTGAGCATCTCAGTGCTGCCAGATAAGTAC
CAGGTAATGGTCAATGGCCAATCCTCTTACACCTTTGACCATAGAATCAAGCCTGAGGCT
GTGAAGATGGTGCAAGTGTGGAGAGATATCTCCCTGACCAAATTTAATGTCAGCTATTTA
AAGAGATAA
Enzyme 12 GenBank Gene ID L01664 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GeneCard ID CLC Link Image
Enzyme 12 GenAtlas ID CLC Link Image
Enzyme 12 HGNC ID HGNC:2014 Link Image
Enzyme 12 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 12 Locus 19q13.1
Enzyme 12 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 12 General References
  1. Ackerman SJ, Corrette SE, Rosenberg HF, Bennett JC, Mastrianni DM, Nicholson-Weller A, Weller PF, Chin DT, Tenen DG: Molecular cloning and characterization of human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (lysophospholipase). Similarities to IgE binding proteins and the S-type animal lectin superfamily. J Immunol. 1993 Jan 15;150(2):456-68. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mastrianni DM, Eddy RL, Rosenberg HF, Corrette SE, Shows TB, Tenen DG, Ackerman SJ: Localization of the human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (lysophospholipase) gene (CLC) to chromosome 19 and the human ribonuclease 2 (eosinophil-derived neurotoxin) and ribonuclease 3 (eosinophil cationic protein) genes (RNS2 and RNS3) to chromosome 14. Genomics. 1992 May;13(1):240-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Dyer KD, Handen JS, Rosenberg HF: The genomic structure of the human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein gene is analogous to those of the galectin genes. Genomics. 1997 Mar 1;40(2):217-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Leonidas DD, Elbert BL, Zhou Z, Leffler H, Ackerman SJ, Acharya KR: Crystal structure of human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein, an eosinophil lysophospholipase, identifies it as a new member of the carbohydrate-binding family of galectins. Structure. 1995 Dec 15;3(12):1379-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Swaminathan GJ, Leonidas DD, Savage MP, Ackerman SJ, Acharya KR: Selective recognition of mannose by the human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (galectin-10): a crystallographic study at 1.8 A resolution. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 19;38(42):13837-43. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 12 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 13 [top]
Enzyme 13 ID 5301
Enzyme 13 Name Phospholipase A2, membrane associated precursor
Enzyme 13 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
  2. Group IIA phospholipase A2
  3. GIIC sPLA2
  4. Non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2
  5. NPS-PLA2
Enzyme 13 Gene Name PLA2G2A
Enzyme 13 Protein Sequence >Phospholipase A2, membrane associated precursor
MKTLLLLAVIMIFGLLQAHGNLVNFHRMIKLTTGKEAALSYGFYGCHCGVGGRGSPKDAT
DRCCVTHDCCYKRLEKRGCGTKFLSYKFSNSGSRITCAKQDSCRSQLCECDKAAATCFAR
NKTTYNKKYQYYSNKHCRGSTPRC
Enzyme 13 Number of Residues 144
Enzyme 13 Molecular Weight 16083
Enzyme 13 Theoretical pI 9.51
Enzyme 13 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 13 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 13 Specific Function Thought to participate in the regulation of the phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes including eicosanoid biosynthesis. Catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides
Enzyme 13 Pathways
Enzyme 13 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 13 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 13 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 13 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 13 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 13 GenBank ID Protein 190889 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14555 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2GA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB ID 1DB4 Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB File Show
Enzyme 13 3D Structure
Enzyme 13 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 13 Gene Sequence >435 bp
ATGAAGACCCTCCTACTGTTGGCAGTGATCATGATCTTTGGCCTACTGCAGGCCCATGGG
AATTTGGTGAATTTCCACAGAATGATCAAGTTGACGACAGGAAAGGAAGCCGCACTCAGT
TATGGCTTCTACGGCTGCCACTGTGGCGTGGGTGGCAGAGGATCCCCCAAGGATGCAACG
GATCGCTGCTGTGTCACTCATGACTGTTGCTACAAACGTCTGGAGAAACGTGGATGTGGC
ACCAAATTTCTGAGCTACAAGTTTAGCAACTCGGGGAGCAGAATCACCTGTGCAAAACAG
GACTCCTGCAGAAGTCAACTGTGTGAGTGTGATAAGGCTGCTGCCACCTGTTTTGCTAGA
AACAAGACGACCTACAATAAAAAGTACCAGTACTATTCCAATAAACACTGCAGAGGGAGC
ACCCCTCGTTGCTGA
Enzyme 13 GenBank Gene ID M22430 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GeneCard ID PLA2G2A Link Image
Enzyme 13 GenAtlas ID PLA2G2A Link Image
Enzyme 13 HGNC ID HGNC:9031 Link Image
Enzyme 13 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 13 Locus 1p35
Enzyme 13 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 13 General References
  1. Seilhamer JJ, Pruzanski W, Vadas P, Plant S, Miller JA, Kloss J, Johnson LK: Cloning and recombinant expression of phospholipase A2 present in rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5335-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kramer RM, Hession C, Johansen B, Hayes G, McGray P, Chow EP, Tizard R, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5768-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kramer RM, Johansen B, Hession C, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a secretable phospholipase A2 from human platelets. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1990;275:35-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kanda A, Ono T, Yoshida N, Tojo H, Okamoto M: The primary structure of a membrane-associated phospholipase A2 from human spleen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Aug 30;163(1):42-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hara S, Kudo I, Matsuta K, Miyamoto T, Inoue K: Amino acid composition and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of human phospholipase A2 purified from rheumatoid synovial fluid. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1988 Sep;104(3):326-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Lai CY, Wada K: Phospholipase A2 from human synovial fluid: purification and structural homology to the placental enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Dec 15;157(2):488-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Minami T, Tojo H, Shinomura Y, Matsuzawa Y, Okamoto M: Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from human ileal mucosa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Oct 13;1170(2):125-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Wery JP, Schevitz RW, Clawson DK, Bobbitt JL, Dow ER, Gamboa G, Goodson T Jr, Hermann RB, Kramer RM, McClure DB, et al.: Structure of recombinant human rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid phospholipase A2 at 2.2 A resolution. Nature. 1991 Jul 4;352(6330):79-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Scott DL, White SP, Browning JL, Rosa JJ, Gelb MH, Sigler PB: Structures of free and inhibited human secretory phospholipase A2 from inflammatory exudate. Science. 1991 Nov 15;254(5034):1007-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Schevitz RW, Bach NJ, Carlson DG, Chirgadze NY, Clawson DK, Dillard RD, Draheim SE, Hartley LW, Jones ND, Mihelich ED, et al.: Structure-based design of the first potent and selective inhibitor of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2. Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jun;2(6):458-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Kitadokoro K, Hagishita S, Sato T, Ohtani M, Miki K: Crystal structure of human secretory phospholipase A2-IIA complex with the potent indolizine inhibitor 120-1032. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1998 Apr;123(4):619-23. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 13 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 14 [top]
Enzyme 14 ID 5302
Enzyme 14 Name Group IID secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 14 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIID
  2. GIID sPLA2
  3. PLA2IID
  4. sPLA(2-IID
  5. Secretory-type PLA, stroma-associated homolog
Enzyme 14 Gene Name PLA2G2D
Enzyme 14 Protein Sequence >Group IID secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
MELALLCGLVVMAGVIPIQGGILNLNKMVKQVTGKMPILSYWPYGCHCGLGGRGQPKDAT
DWCCQTHDCCYDHLKTQGCSIYKDYYRYNFSQGNIHCSDKGSWCEQQLCACDKEVAFCLK
RNLDTYQKRLRFYWRPHCRGQTPGC
Enzyme 14 Number of Residues 145
Enzyme 14 Molecular Weight 16546
Enzyme 14 Theoretical pI 8.28
Enzyme 14 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 14 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 14 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. L-alpha-1-palmitoyl-2- linoleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine is more efficiently hydrolyzed than the other phospholipids examined
Enzyme 14 Pathways
Enzyme 14 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 14 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 14 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 14 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 14 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 14 GenBank ID Protein 5771420 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UNK4 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2GD_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 14 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 14 Gene Sequence >438 bp
ATGGAACTTGCACTGCTGTGTGGGCTGGTGGTGATGGCTGGTGTGATTCCAATCCAGGGC
GGGATCCTGAACCTGAACAAGATGGTCAAGCAAGTGACTGGGAAAATGCCCATCCTCTCC
TACTGGCCCTACGGCTGTCACTGCGGACTAGGTGGCAGAGGCCAACCCAAAGATGCCACG
GACTGGTGCTGCCAGACCCATGACTGCTGCTATGACCACCTGAAGACCCAGGGGTGCGGC
ATCTACAAGGACTATTACAGATACAACTTTTCCCAGGGGAACATCCACTGCTCTGACAAG
GGAAGCTGGTGTGAGCAGCAGCTGTGTGCCTGTGACAAGGAGGTGGCCTTCTGCCTGAAG
CGCAACCTGGACACCTACCAGAAGCGACTGCGTTTCTACTGGCGGCCCCACTGCCGGGGG
CAGACCCCTGGGTGCTAG
Enzyme 14 GenBank Gene ID AF112982 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GeneCard ID PLA2G2D Link Image
Enzyme 14 GenAtlas ID PLA2G2D Link Image
Enzyme 14 HGNC ID HGNC:9033 Link Image
Enzyme 14 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 14 Locus 1p36.12
Enzyme 14 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 14 General References
  1. Ishizaki J, Suzuki N, Higashino K, Yokota Y, Ono T, Kawamoto K, Fujii N, Arita H, Hanasaki K: Cloning and characterization of novel mouse and human secretory phospholipase A(2)s. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 27;274(35):24973-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Shakhov AN, Rubtsov AV, Lyakhov IG, Tumanov AV, Nedospasov SA: SPLASH (PLA2IID), a novel member of phospholipase A2 family, is associated with lymphotoxin deficiency. Genes Immun. 2000 Feb;1(3):191-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 14 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 15 [top]
Enzyme 15 ID 5453
Enzyme 15 Name Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
Enzyme 15 Synonyms
  1. Pancreatic lipase
  2. PL
Enzyme 15 Gene Name PNLIP
Enzyme 15 Protein Sequence >Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
MLPLWTLSLLLGAVAGKEVCYERLGCFSDDSPWSGITERPLHILPWSPKDVNTRFLLYTN
ENPNNFQEVAADSSSISGSNFKTNRKTRFIIHGFIDKGEENWLANVCKNLFKVESVNCIC
VDWKGGSRTGYTQASQNIRIVGAEVAYFVEFLQSAFGYSPSNVHVIGHSLGAHAAGEAGR
RTNGTIGRITGLDPAEPCFQGTPELVRLDPSDAKFVDVIHTDGAPIVPNLGFGMSQVVGH
LDFFPNGGVEMPGCKKNILSQIVDIDGIWEGTRDFAACNHLRSYKYYTDSIVNPDGFAGF
PCASYNVFTANKCFPCPSGGCPQMGHYADRYPGKTNDVGQKFYLDTGDASNFARWRYKVS
VTLSGKKVTGHILVSLFGNKGNSKQYEIFKGTLKPDSTHSNEFDSDVDVGDLQMVKFIWY
NNVINPTLPRVGASKIIVETNVGKQFNFCSPETVREEVLLTLTPC
Enzyme 15 Number of Residues 465
Enzyme 15 Molecular Weight 51157
Enzyme 15 Theoretical pI 6.72
Enzyme 15 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • triacylglycerol lipase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 15 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 15 Specific Function Triacylglycerol + H(2)O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 15 Pathways
Enzyme 15 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 15 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 15 Signals
  • 1-16
Enzyme 15 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 15 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 15 GenBank ID Protein 339597 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P16233 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB ID 1N8S Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB File Show
Enzyme 15 3D Structure
Enzyme 15 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 15 Gene Sequence >1398 bp
ATGCTGCCACTTTGGACTCTTTCACTGCTGCTGGGAGCAGTAGCAGGAAAAGAAGTTTGC
TACGAAAGACTCGGCTGCTTCAGTGATGACTCCCCATGGTCAGGAATTACGGAAAGACCC
CTCCATATATTGCCTTGGTCTCCAAAAGATGTCAACACCCGCTTCCTCCTATATACTAAT
GAGAACCCAAACAACTTTCAAGAAGTTGCCGCAGATTCATCAAGCATCAGTGGCTCCAAT
TTCAAAACAAATAGAAAAACTCGCTTTATTATTCATGGATTCATAGACAAGGGAGAAGAA
AACTGGCTGGCCAATGTGTGCAAGAATCTGTTCAAGGTGGAAAGTGTGAACTGTATCTGT
GTGGACTGGAAAGGTGGCTCCCGAACTGGATACACACAAGCCTCGCAGAACATCAGGATC
GTGGGAGCAGAAGTGGCATATTTTGTTGAATTTCTTCAGTCGGCGTTCGGTTACTCACCT
TCCAACGTGCATGTCATTGGCCACAGCCTGGGTGCCCACGCTGCTGGGGAGGCTGGAAGG
AGAACCAATGGGACCATTGGACGCATCACAGGGTTGGACCCAGCAGAACCTTGCTTTCAG
GGCACACCTGAATTAGTCCGATTGGACCCCAGCGATGCCAAATTTGTGGATGTAATTCAC
ACGGATGGTGCCCCCATAGTCCCCAATTTGGGGTTTGGAATGAGCCAAGTCGTGGGCCAC
CTAGATTTCTTTCCAAATGGAGGAGTGGAAATGCCTGGATGTAAAAAGAACATTCTCTCT
CAGATTGTGGACATAGACGGAATCTGGGAAGGGACTCGAGACTTTGCGGCCTGTAATCAC
TTAAGAAGCTACAAATATTACACTGATAGCATCGTCAACCCTGATGGCTTTGCTGGATTC
CCCTGTGCCTCTTACAACGTCTTCACTGCAAACAAGTGTTTCCCTTGTCCAAGTGGAGGC
TGCCCACAGATGGGTCACTATGCTGATAGATATCCTGGGAAAACAAATGATGTGGGCCAG
AAATTTTATCTAGACACTGGTGATGCCAGTAATTTTGCACGTTGGAGGTATAAGGTATCT
GTCACACTGTCTGGAAAAAAGGTTACAGGACACATACTAGTTTCTTTGTTCGGAAATAAA
GGAAACTCTAAGCAGTATGAAATTTTCAAGGGCACTCTCAAACCAGATAGTACTCATTCC
AATGAATTTGACTCAGATGTGGATGTTGGGGACTTGCAGATGGTTAAATTTATTTGGTAT
AACAATGTGATCAACCCAACTTTACCTAGAGTGGGAGCATCCAAGATTATAGTGGAGACA
AATGTTGGAAAACAGTTCAACTTCTGTAGTCCAGAAACCGTCAGGGAGGAAGTTCTGCTC
ACCCTCACACCGTGTTAG
Enzyme 15 GenBank Gene ID J05125 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GeneCard ID PNLIP Link Image
Enzyme 15 GenAtlas ID PNLIP Link Image
Enzyme 15 HGNC ID HGNC:9155 Link Image
Enzyme 15 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 15 Locus 10q26.1
Enzyme 15 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 15 General References
  1. Lowe ME, Rosenblum JL, Strauss AW: Cloning and characterization of human pancreatic lipase cDNA. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 25;264(33):20042-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sims HF, Jennens ML, Lowe ME: The human pancreatic lipase-encoding gene: structure and conservation of an Alu sequence in the lipase gene family. Gene. 1993 Sep 15;131(2):281-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Winkler FK, D'Arcy A, Hunziker W: Structure of human pancreatic lipase. Nature. 1990 Feb 22;343(6260):771-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. van Tilbeurgh H, Sarda L, Verger R, Cambillau C: Structure of the pancreatic lipase-procolipase complex. Nature. 1992 Sep 10;359(6391):159-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. van Tilbeurgh H, Egloff MP, Martinez C, Rugani N, Verger R, Cambillau C: Interfacial activation of the lipase-procolipase complex by mixed micelles revealed by X-ray crystallography. Nature. 1993 Apr 29;362(6423):814-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Carriere F, Thirstrup K, Boel E, Verger R, Thim L: Structure-function relationships in naturally occurring mutants of pancreatic lipase. Protein Eng. 1994 Apr;7(4):563-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 15 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 16 [top]
Enzyme 16 ID 5458
Enzyme 16 Name Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
Enzyme 16 Synonyms
  1. Hepatic lipase
  2. HL
  3. Lipase member C
Enzyme 16 Gene Name LIPC
Enzyme 16 Protein Sequence >Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase precursor
MDTSPLCFSILLVLCIFIQSSALGQSLKPEPFGRRAQAVETNKTLHEMKTRFLLFGETNQ
GCQIRINHPDTLQECGFNSSLPLVMIIHGWSVDGVLENWIWQMVAALKSQPAQPVNVGLV
DWITLAHDHYTIAVRNTRLVGKEVAALLRWLEESVQLSRSHVHLIGYSLGAHVSGFAGSS
IGGTHKIGRITGLDAAGPLFEGSAPSNRLSPDDANFVDAIHTFTREHMGLSVGIKQPIGH
YDFYPNGGSFQPGCHFLELYRHIAQHGFNAITQTIKCSHERSVHLFIDSLLHAGTQSMAY
PCGDMNSFSQGLCLSCKKGRCNTLGYHVRQEPRSKSKRLFLVTRAQSPFKVYHYQLKIQF
INQTETPIQTTFTMSLLGTKEKMQKIPITLGKGIASNKTYSFLITLDVDIGELIMIKFKW
ENSAVWANVWDTVQTIIPWSTGPRHSGLVLKTIRVKAGETQQRMTFCSENTDDLLLRPTQ
EKIFVKCEIKSKTSKRKIR
Enzyme 16 Number of Residues 499
Enzyme 16 Molecular Weight 55881
Enzyme 16 Theoretical pI 9.37
Enzyme 16 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • triacylglycerol lipase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 16 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 16 Specific Function Hepatic lipase has the capacity to catalyze hydrolysis of phospholipids, mono-, di-, and triglycerides, and acyl-CoA thioesters. It is an important enzyme in HDL metabolism. Hepatic lipase binds heparin
Enzyme 16 Pathways
Enzyme 16 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 16 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 16 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 16 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 16 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 16 GenBank ID Protein 339595 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11150 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPC_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 16 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 16 Gene Sequence >1500 bp
ATGGACACAAGTCCCCTGTGTTTCTCCATTCTGTTGGTTTTATGCATCTTTATCCAATCA
AGTGCCCTTGGACAAAGCCTGAAACCAGAGCCATTTGGAAGAAGAGCTCAAGCTGTTGAA
ACAAACAAAACGCTGCATGAGATGAAGACCAGATTCCTGCTCTTTGGAGAAACCAATCAG
GGCTGTCAGATTCGAATCAATCATCCGGACACGTTACAGGAGTGCGGCTTCAACTCCTCC
CTGCCTCTGGTGATGATAATCCACGGGTGGTCGGTGGACGGCGTGCTAGAAAACTGGATC
TGGCAGATGGTGGCCGCGCTGAAGTCTCAGCCGGCCCAGCCAGTGAACGTGGGGCTGGTG
GACTGGATCACCCTGGCCCACGACCACTACACCATCGCCGTCCGCAACACCCGCCTTGTG
GGCAAGGAGGTCGCGGCTCTTCTCCGGTGGCTGGAGGAATCTGTGCAACTCTCTCGAAGC
CATGTTCACCTAATTGGGTACAGCCTGGGTGCACACGTGTCAGGATTTGCCGGCAGTTCC
ATCGGTGGAACGCACAAGATTGGGAGAATCACAGGGCTGGATGCCGCGGGACCTTTGTTT
GAGGGAAGTGCCCCCAGCAATCGTCTTTCTCCAGATGATGCCAATTTTGTGGATGCCATT
CATACCTTTACGCGGGAGCACATGGGCCTGAGCGTGGGCATCAAACAGCCCATAGGACAC
TATGACTTCTATCCCAACGGGGGCTCCTTCCAGCCTGGCTGCCACTCCCTAGAGCTCTAC
AGACATATTGCCCAGCACGGCTTCAATGCCATCACCCAGACCATAAAATGCTCCCACGAG
CGATCGGTGCACCTTTTCATCGACTCCTTGCTGCACGCCGGCACGCAGAGCATGGCCTAC
CCGTGTGGTGACATGAACAGCTTCAGCCAGGGCCTGTGCCTGAGCTGCAAGAAGGGCCGC
TGCAACACGCTGGGCTACCACGTCCGCCAGGAGCCGCGGAGCAAGAGCAAGAGGCTCTTC
CTCGTAACGCGAGCCCAGTCCCCCTTCAAAGTTTATCATTACCAGTTAAAGATCCAGTTC
ATCAACCAAACTGAGACGCCAATACAAACAACTTTTACCATGTCACTACTCGGAACAAAA
GAGAAAATGCAGAAAATTCCCATCACTCTGGGCAAAGGAATTGCTAGTAATAAAACGTAT
TCCTTTCTTATCACGCTGGATGTGGATATCGGCGAGCTGATCATGATCAAGTTCAAGTGG
GAAAACAGTGCAGTGTGGGCCAATGTCTGGGACACGGTCCAGACCATCATCCCATGGAGC
ACAGGGCCGCGCCACTCAGGCCTCGTTCTGAAGACGATCAGAGTCAAAGCAGGAGAAACC
CAGCAAAGAATGACATTTTGTTCAGAAAACACAGATGACCTACTACTTCGCCCAACCCAG
GAAAAAATCTTCGTGAAATGTGAAATAAAGTCTAAAACATCAAAGCGAAAGATCAGATGA
Enzyme 16 GenBank Gene ID J03895 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GeneCard ID LIPC Link Image
Enzyme 16 GenAtlas ID LIPC Link Image
Enzyme 16 HGNC ID HGNC:6619 Link Image
Enzyme 16 Chromosome Location 15
Enzyme 16 Locus 15q21-q23
Enzyme 16 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 16 General References
  1. Martin GA, Busch SJ, Meredith GD, Cardin AD, Blankenship DT, Mao SJ, Rechtin AE, Woods CW, Racke MM, Schafer MP, et al.: Isolation and cDNA sequence of human postheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 5;263(22):10907-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Stahnke G, Sprengel R, Augustin J, Will H: Human hepatic triglyceride lipase: cDNA cloning, amino acid sequence and expression in a cultured cell line. Differentiation. 1987;35(1):45-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Datta S, Luo CC, Li WH, VanTuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Brown MA, Chen SH, Liu SW, Chan L: Human hepatic lipase. Cloned cDNA sequence, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, chromosomal localization, and evolutionary relationships with lipoprotein lipase and pancreatic lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1107-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Cai SJ, Wong DM, Chen SH, Chan L: Structure of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):8966-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ameis D, Stahnke G, Kobayashi J, McLean J, Lee G, Buscher M, Schotz MC, Will H: Isolation and characterization of the human hepatic lipase gene. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 25;265(12):6552-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Mori A, Ashida Y, Yamamoto A: Identification of a BstNI polymorphism in exon 9 of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Mol Cell Probes. 1996 Aug;10(4):313-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hegele RA, Tu L, Connelly PW: Human hepatic lipase mutations and polymorphisms. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(4):320-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 16 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 17 [top]
Enzyme 17 ID 5461
Enzyme 17 Name Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 precursor
Enzyme 17 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Name PNLIPRP1
Enzyme 17 Protein Sequence >Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 precursor
MLIFWTITLFLLGAAKGKEVCYEDLGCFSDTEPWGGTAIRPLKILPWSPEKIGTRFLLYT
NENPNNFQILLLSDPSTIEASNFQMDRKTRFIIHGFIDKGDESWVTDMCKKLFEVEEVNC
ICVDWKKGSQATYTQAANNVRVVGAQVAQMLDILLTEYSYPPSKVHLIGHSLGAHVAGEA
GSKTPGLSRITGLDPVEASFESTPEEVRLDPSDADFVDVIHTDAAPLIPFLGFGTNQQMG
HLDFFPNGGESMPGCKKNALSQIVDLDGIWAGTRDFVACNHLRSYKYYLESILNPDGFAA
YPCTSYKSFESDKCFPCPDQGCPQMGHYADKFAGRTSEEQQKFFLNTGEASNFARWRYGV
SITLSGRTATGQIKVALFGNKGNTHQYSIFRGILKPGSTHSYEFDAKLDVGTIEKVKFLW
NNNVINPTLPKVGATKITVQKGEEKTVYNFCSEDTVREDTLLTLTPC
Enzyme 17 Number of Residues 467
Enzyme 17 Molecular Weight 51848
Enzyme 17 Theoretical pI 5.47
Enzyme 17 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • triacylglycerol lipase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 17 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 17 Specific Function Triacylglycerol + H(2)O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 17 Pathways
Enzyme 17 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 17 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 17 Signals
  • 1-17
Enzyme 17 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 17 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 17 GenBank ID Protein 187230 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P54315 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPR1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 17 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 17 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Sequence >1404 bp
ATGCTGATCTTCTGGACAATCACACTTTTCCTGCTGGGAGCAGCCAAAGGAAAAGAAGTT
TGCTATGAGGACCTCGGGTGCTTTTCTGACACTGAGCCCTGGGGCGGGACAGCAATCAGG
CCCCTGAAAATTCTCCCCTGGAGCCCTGAGAAGATCGGCACCCGCTTCCTGCTGTACACC
AATGAAAACCCAAACAACTTTCAAATTCTCCTCCTCTCTGATCCATCAACAATTGAGGCA
TCAAATTTTCAAATGGACAGAAAGACCCGGTTCATCATCCATGGCTTCATAGACAAAGGA
GATGAGAGCTGGGTGACAGACATGTGCAAGAAACTGTTCGAGGTGGAGGAGGTGAACTGC
ATCTGCGTGGACTGGAAGAAGGGCTCCCAAGCCACCTACACACAGGCTGCCAACAACGTG
CGAGTGGTGGGCGCCCAGGTGGCCCAGATGCTCGACATCCTCTTGACAGAGTATAGCTAC
CCCCCTTCCAAAGTTCACCTCATTGGCCACAGCCTGGGAGCCCACGTGGCTGGAGAGGCA
GGAAGCAAGACTCCAGGCCTGAGCAGGATTACAGGGTTGGATCCTGTAGAAGCAAGTTTC
GAGAGTACTCCTGAAGAGGTGCGACTTGATCCCTCTGATGCTGACTTTGTTGATGTGATT
CACACGGATGCAGCTCCCCTGATCCCATTCTTGGGTTTTGGAACGAACCAACAGATGGGT
CATCTTGACTTCTTCCCCAATGGAGGAGAGAGCATGCCGGGATGCAAGAAGAATGCCCTG
TCTCAGATCGTGGATCTAGATGGCATCTGGGCGGGAACCCGGGACTTTGTGGCTTGCAAT
CACCTAAGAAGCTACAAGTATTACTTGGAAAGCATCCTCAATCCCGATGGGTTTGCTGCA
TATCCCTGCACTTCCTACAAGTCCTTTGAGTCTGACAAGTGCTTCCCGTGTCCAGATCAA
GGATGCCCACAGATGGGTCACTATGCTGATAAATTTGCTGGCAGGACAAGTGAAGAGCAG
CAGAAATTCTTCTTGAACACAGGAGAGGCTAGCAATTTCGCTCGCTGGAGATATGGGGTT
TCCATCACACTGTCTGGAAGAACAGCCACTGGTCAGATCAAAGTTGCTTTGTTTGGAAAT
AAGGGAAACACTCACCAGTACAGCATCTTCAGGGGGATTCTCAAACCAGGCTCAACCCAT
TCCTATGAGTTTGATGCAAAGCTGGATGTTGGAACAATTGAGAAAGTCAAGTTTCTTTGG
AATAACAATGTGATAAATCCAACCCTCCCCAAAGTGGGTGCCACCAAGATCACTGTGCAA
AAGGGAGAAGAGAAGACAGTGTACAACTTCTGTAGCGAAGACACAGTGCGGGAAGACACG
CTGCTCACCCTCACGCCCTGCTAA
Enzyme 17 GenBank Gene ID M93283 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GeneCard ID PNLIPRP1 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GenAtlas ID PNLIPRP1 Link Image
Enzyme 17 HGNC ID HGNC:9156 Link Image
Enzyme 17 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 17 Locus 10q25.3
Enzyme 17 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 17 General References
  1. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 17 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 18 [top]
Enzyme 18 ID 5464
Enzyme 18 Name Adiponutrin
Enzyme 18 Synonyms
  1. iPLA2-epsilon
  2. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2- epsilon
  3. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3[Includes: Triacylglycerol lipase
Enzyme 18 Gene Name PNPLA3
Enzyme 18 Protein Sequence >Adiponutrin
MYDAERGWSLSFAGCGFLGFYHVGATRCLSEHAPHLLRDARMLFGASAGALHCVGVLSGI
PLEQTLQVLSDLVRKARSRNIGIFHPSFNLSKFLRQGLCKCLPANVHQLISGKIGISLTR
VSDGENVLVSDFRSKDEVVDALVCSCFIPFYSGLIPPSFRGVRYVDGGVSDNVPFIDAKT
TITVSPFYGEYDICPKVKSTNFLHVDITKLSLRLCTGNLYLLSRAFVPPDLKVLGEICLR
GYLDAFRFLEEKGICNRPQPGLKSSSEGMDPEVAMPSWANMSLDSSPESAALAVRLEGDE
LLDHLRLSILPWDESILDTLSPRLATALSEEMKDKGGYMSKICNLLPIRIMSYVMLPCTL
PVESAIAIVQRLVTWLPDMPDDVLWLQWVTSQVFTRVLMCLLPASRSQMPVSSQQASPCT
PEQDWPCWTPCSPKGCPAETKAEATPRSILRSSLNFFLGNKVPAGAEGLSTFPSFSLEKS
L
Enzyme 18 Number of Residues 481
Enzyme 18 Molecular Weight 52866
Enzyme 18 Theoretical pI 6.68
Enzyme 18 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 18 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 18 Specific Function Multifunctional enzyme which has both triacylglycerol lipase and acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activities
Enzyme 18 Pathways
Enzyme 18 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 18 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 18 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 18 Transmembrane Regions
  • 42-62
Enzyme 18 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 18 GenBank ID Protein 17059636 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NST1 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADPN_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 18 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 18 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 18 Gene Sequence >1446 bp
ATGTACGACGCAGAGCGCGGCTGGAGCTTGTCCTTCGCGGGCTGCGGCTTCCTGGGCTTC
TACCACGTCGGGGCGACCCGCTGCCTGAGCGAGCACGCCCCGCACCTCCTCCGCGACGCG
CGCATGTTGTTCGGCGCTTCGGCCGGGGCGTTGCACTGCGTCGGCGTCCTCTCCGGTATC
CCGCTGGAGCAGACTCTGCAGGTCCTCTCAGATCTTGTGCGGAAGGCCAGGAGTCGGAAC
ATTGGCATCTTCCATCCATCCTTCAACTTAAGCAAGTTCCTCCGACAGGGTCTCTGCAAA
TGCCTCCCGGCCAATGTCCACCAGCTCATCTCCGGCAAAATAGGCATCTCTCTTACCAGA
GTGTCTGATGGGGAAAACGTTCTGGTGTCTGACTTTCGGTCCAAAGACGAAGTCGTGGAT
GCCTTGGTATGTTCCTGCTTCATCCCCTTCTACAGTGGCCTTATCCCTCCTTCCTTCAGA
GGCGTGCGATATGTGGATGGAGGAGTGAGTGACAACGTACCCTTCATTGATGCCAAAACA
ACCATCACCGTGTCCCCCTTCTATGGGGAGTACGACATCTGCCCTAAAGTCAAGTCCACG
AACTTTCTTCATGTGGACATCACCAAGCTCAGTCTACGCCTCTGCACAGGGAACCTCTAC
CTTCTCTCGAGAGCTTTTGTCCCCCCGGATCTCAAGGTGCTGGGAGAGATATGCCTTCGA
GGATATTTGGATGCATTCAGGTTCTTGGAAGAGAAGGGCATCTGCAACAGGCCCCAGCCA
GGCCTGAAGTCATCCTCAGAAGGGATGGATCCTGAGGTCGCCATGCCCAGCTGGGCAAAC
ATGAGTCTGGATTCTTCCCCGGAGTCGGCTGCCTTGGCTGTGAGGCTGGAGGGAGATGAG
CTGCTAGACCACCTGCGTCTCAGCATCCTGCCCTGGGATGAGAGCATCCTGGACACCCTC
TCGCCCAGGCTCGCTACAGCACTGAGTGAAGAAATGAAAGACAAAGGTGGATACATGAGC
AAGATTTGCAACTTGCTACCCATTAGGATAATGTCTTATGTAATGCTGCCCTGTACCCTG
CCTGTGGAATCTGCCATTGCGATTGTCCAGAGACTGGTGACATGGCTTCCAGATATGCCC
GACGATGTCCTGTGGTTGCAGTGGGTGACCTCACAGGTGTTCACTCGAGTGCTGATGTGT
CTGCTCCCCGCCTCCAGGTCCCAAATGCCAGTGAGCAGCCAACAGGCCTCCCCATGCACA
CCTGAGCAGGACTGGCCCTGCTGGACTCCCTGCTCCCCCAAGGGCTGTCCAGCAGAGACC
AAAGCAGAGGCCACCCCGCGGTCCATCCTCAGGTCCAGCCTGAACTTCTTCTTGGGCAAT
AAAGTACCTGCTGGTGCTGAGGGGCTCTCCACCTTTCCCAGTTTTTCACTAGAGAAGAGT
CTGTGA
Enzyme 18 GenBank Gene ID AL138578 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GeneCard ID PNPLA3 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GenAtlas ID PNPLA3 Link Image
Enzyme 18 HGNC ID HGNC:18590 Link Image
Enzyme 18 Chromosome Location 22
Enzyme 18 Locus 22q13.31
Enzyme 18 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 18 General References
  1. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 18 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 19 [top]
Enzyme 19 ID 5468
Enzyme 19 Name Gastric triacylglycerol lipase precursor
Enzyme 19 Synonyms
  1. Gastric lipase
  2. GL
Enzyme 19 Gene Name LIPF
Enzyme 19 Protein Sequence >Gastric triacylglycerol lipase precursor
MWLLLTMASLISVLGTTHGLFGKLHPGSPEVTMNISQMITYWGYPNEEYEVVTEDGYILE
VNRIPYGKKNSGNTGQRPVVFLQHGLLASATNWISNLPNNSLAFILADAGYDVWLGNSRG
NTWARRNLYYSPDSVEFWAFSFDEMAKYDLPATIDFIVKKTGQKQLHYVGHSQGTTIGFI
AFSTNPSLAKRIKTFYALAPVATVKYTKSLINKLRFVPQSLFKFIFGDKIFYPHNFFDQF
LATEVCSREMLNLLCSNALFIICGFDSKNFNTSRLDVYLSHNPAGTSVQNMFHWTQAVKS
GKFQAYDWGSPVQNRMHYDQSQPPYYNVTAMNVPIAVWNGGKDLLADPQDVGLLLPKLPN
LIYHKEIPFYNHLDFIWAMDAPQEVYNDIVSMISEDKK
Enzyme 19 Number of Residues 398
Enzyme 19 Molecular Weight 45238
Enzyme 19 Theoretical pI 7.37
Enzyme 19 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 19 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 19 Specific Function Triacylglycerol + H(2)O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 19 Pathways
Enzyme 19 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 19 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 19 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 19 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 19 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 19 GenBank ID Protein 758063 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P07098 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPG_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB ID 1HLG Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB File Show
Enzyme 19 3D Structure
Enzyme 19 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 19 Gene Sequence >1197 bp
ATGTGGCTGCTTTTAACAATGGCAAGTTTGATATCTGTACTGGGGACTACACATGGTTTG
TTTGGAAAATTACATCCTGGAAGCCCTGAAGTGACTATGAACATTAGTCAGATGATTACT
TATTGGGGATACCCAAATGAAGAATATGAAGTTGTGACTGAAGATGGTTATATTCTTGAA
GTCAATAGAATTCCTTATGGGAAGAAAAATTCAGGGAATACAGGCCAGAGACCTGTTGTG
TTTTTGCAGCATGGTTTGCTTGCATCAGCCACAAACTGGATTTCCAACCTGCCGAACAAC
AGCCTTGCCTTCATTCTGGCAGATGCTGGTTATGATGTGTGGCTGGGCAACAGCAGAGGA
AACACCTGGGCCAGAAGAAACTTGTACTATTCACCAGATTCAGTTGAATTCTGGGCTTTC
AGCTTTGATGAAATGGCTAAATATGACCTTCCAGCCACAATCGACTTCATTGTAAAGAAA
ACTGGACAGAAGCAGCTACACTATGTTGGCCATTCCCAGGGCACCACCATTGGTTTTATT
GCCTTTTCCACCAATCCCAGCCTGGCTAAAAGAATCAAAACCTTCTATGCTCTAGCTCCT
GTTGCCACTGTGAAGTATACAAAAAGCCTTATAAACAAACTTAGATTTGTTCCTCAATCC
CTCTTCAAGTTTATATTTGGTGACAAAATATTCTACCCACACAACTTCTTTGATCAATTT
CTTGCTACTGAAGTGTGCTCCCGTGAGATGCTGAATCTCCTTTGCAGCAATGCCTTATTT
ATAATTTGTGGATTTGACAGTAAGAACTTTAACACGAGTCGCTTGGATGTGTATCTATCA
CATAATCCAGCAGGAACTTCTGTTCAAAACATGTTCCATTGGACCCAGGCTGTTAAGTCT
GGGAAATTCCAAGCTTATGACTGGGGAAGCCCAGTTCAGAATAGGATGCACTATGATCAG
TCCCAACCTCCCTACTACAATGTGACAGCCATGAATGTACCAATTGCAGTGTGGAACGGT
GGCAAGGACCTGTTGGCTGACCCCCAAGATGTTGGCCTTTTGCTTCCAAAACTCCCCAAT
CTTATTTACCACAAGGAGATTCCTTTTTACAATCACTTGGACTTTATCTGGGCAATGGAT
GCCCCTCAAGAAGTTTACAATGACATTGTTTCTATGATATCAGAAGATAAAAAGTAG
Enzyme 19 GenBank Gene ID X05997 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GeneCard ID LIPF Link Image
Enzyme 19 GenAtlas ID LIPF Link Image
Enzyme 19 HGNC ID HGNC:6622 Link Image
Enzyme 19 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 19 Locus 10q23.31
Enzyme 19 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 19 General References
  1. Bodmer MW, Angal S, Yarranton GT, Harris TJ, Lyons A, King DJ, Pieroni G, Riviere C, Verger R, Lowe PA: Molecular cloning of a human gastric lipase and expression of the enzyme in yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Aug 25;909(3):237-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Bernback S, Blackberg L: Human gastric lipase. The N-terminal tetrapeptide is essential for lipid binding and lipase activity. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Jul 1;182(3):495-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Roussel A, Canaan S, Egloff MP, Riviere M, Dupuis L, Verger R, Cambillau C: Crystal structure of human gastric lipase and model of lysosomal acid lipase, two lipolytic enzymes of medical interest. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):16995-7002. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 19 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 20 [top]
Enzyme 20 ID 5471
Enzyme 20 Name Endothelial lipase precursor
Enzyme 20 Synonyms
  1. Endothelial cell-derived lipase
  2. EDL
  3. EL
Enzyme 20 Gene Name LIPG
Enzyme 20 Protein Sequence >Endothelial lipase precursor
MSNSVPLLCFWSLCYCFAAGSPVPFGPEGRLEDKLHKPKATQTEVKPSVRFNLRTSKDPE
HEGCYLSVGHSQPLEDCSFNMTAKTFFIIHGWTMSGIFENWLHKLVSALHTREKDANVVV
VDWLPLAHQLYTDAVNNTRVVGHSIARMLDWLQEKDDFSLGNVHLIGYSLGAHVAGYAGN
FVKGTVGRITGLDPAGPMFEGADIHKRLSPDDADFVDVLHTYTRSFGLSIGIQMPVGHID
IYPNGGDFQPGCGLNDVLGSIAYGTITEVVKCEHERAVHLFVDSLVNQDKPSFAFQCTDS
NRFKKGICLSCRKNRCNSIGYNAKKMRNKRNSKMYLKTRAGMPFRVYHYQMKIHVFSYKN
MGEIEPTFYVTLYGTNADSQTLPLEIVERIEQNATNTFLVYTEEDLGDLLKIQLTWEGAS
QSWYNLWKEFRSYLSQPRNPGRELNIRRIRVKSGETQRKLTFCTEDPENTSISPGRELWF
RKCRDGWRMKNETSPTVELP
Enzyme 20 Number of Residues 500
Enzyme 20 Molecular Weight 56795
Enzyme 20 Theoretical pI 8.00
Enzyme 20 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • lipoprotein lipase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 20 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 20 Specific Function Has phospholipase and triglyceride lipase activities. Hydrolyzes high density lipoproteins (HDL) more efficiently than other lipoproteins. Binds heparin
Enzyme 20 Pathways
Enzyme 20 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 20 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 20 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 20 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 20 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 20 GenBank ID Protein 4836419 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y5X9 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPE_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 20 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 20 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 20 Gene Sequence >1503 bp
ATGAGCAACTCCGTTCCTCTGCTCTGTTTCTGGAGCCTCTGCTATTGCTTTGCTGCGGGG
AGCCCCGTACCTTTTGGTCCAGAGGGACGGCTGGAAGATAAGCTCCACAAACCCAAAGCT
ACACAGACTGAGGTCAAACCATCTGTGAGGTTTAACCTCCGCACCTCCAAGGACCCAGAG
CATGAAGGATGCTACCTCTCCGTCGGCCACAGCCAGCCCTTAGAAGACTGCAGTTTCAAC
ATGACAGCTAAAACCTTTTTCATCATTCACGGATGGACGATGAGCGGTATCTTTGAAAAC
TGGCTGCACAAACTCGTGTCAGCCCTGCACACAAGAGAGAAAGACGCCAATGTAGTTGTG
GTTGACTGGCTCCCCCTGGCCCACCAGCTTTACACGGATGCGGTCAATAATACCAGGGTG
GTGGGACACAGCATTGCCAGGATGCTCGACTGGCTGCAGGAGAAGGACGATTTTTCTCTC
GGGAATGTCCACTTGATCGGCTACAGCCTCGGAGCGCACGTGGCCGGGTATGCAGGCAAC
TTCGTGAAAGGAACGGTGGGCCGAATCACAGGTTTGGATCCTGCCGGGCCCATGTTTGAA
GGGGCCGACATCCACAAGAGGCTCTCTCCGGACGATGCAGATTTTGTGGATGTCCTCCAC
ACCTACACGCGTTCCTTCGGCTTGAGCATTGGTATTCAGATGCCTGTGGGCCACATTGAC
ATCTACCCCAATGGGGGTGACTTCCAGCCAGGCTGTGGACTCAACGATGTCTTGGGATCA
ATTGCATATGGAACAATCACAGAGGTGGTAAAATGTGAGCATGAGCGAGCCGTCCACCTC
TTTGTTGACTCTCTGGTGAATCAGGACAAGCCGAGTTTTGCCTTCCAGTGCACTGACTCC
AATCGCTTCAAAAAGGGGATCTGTCTGAGCTGCCGCAAGAACCGTTGTAATAGCATTGGC
TACAATGCCAAGAAAATGAGGAACAAGAGGAACAGCAAAATGTACCTAAAAACCCGGGCA
GGCATGCCTTTCAGAGTTTACCATTATCAGATGAAAATCCATGTCTTCAGTTACAAGAAC
ATGGGAGAAATTGAGCCCACCTTTTACGTCACCCTTTATGGCACTAATGCAGATTCCCAG
ACTCTGCCACTGGAAATAGTGGAGCGGATCGAGCAGAATGCCACCAACACCTTCCTGGTC
TACACCGAGGAGGACTTGGGAGACCTCTTGAAGATCCAGCTCACCTGGGAGGGGGCCTCT
CAGTCTTGGTACAACCTGTGGAAGGAGTTTCGCAGCTACCTGTCTCAACCCCGCAACCCC
GGACGGGAGCTGAATATCAGGCGCATCCGGGTGAAGTCTGGGGAAACCCAGCGGAAACTG
ACATTTTGTACAGAAGACCCTGAGAACACCAGCATATCCCCAGGCCGGGAGCTCTGGTTT
CGCAAGTGTCGGGATGGCTGGAGGATGAAAAACGAAACCAGTCCCACTGTGGAGCTTCCC
TGA
Enzyme 20 GenBank Gene ID AF118767 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GeneCard ID LIPG Link Image
Enzyme 20 GenAtlas ID LIPG Link Image
Enzyme 20 HGNC ID HGNC:6623 Link Image
Enzyme 20 Chromosome Location 18
Enzyme 20 Locus 18q21.1
Enzyme 20 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 20 General References
  1. Hirata K, Dichek HL, Cioffi JA, Choi SY, Leeper NJ, Quintana L, Kronmal GS, Cooper AD, Quertermous T: Cloning of a unique lipase from endothelial cells extends the lipase gene family. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 14;274(20):14170-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Jaye M, Lynch KJ, Krawiec J, Marchadier D, Maugeais C, Doan K, South V, Amin D, Perrone M, Rader DJ: A novel endothelial-derived lipase that modulates HDL metabolism. Nat Genet. 1999 Apr;21(4):424-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. McCoy MG, Sun GS, Marchadier D, Maugeais C, Glick JM, Rader DJ: Characterization of the lipolytic activity of endothelial lipase. J Lipid Res. 2002 Jun;43(6):921-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 20 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 21 [top]
Enzyme 21 ID 5473
Enzyme 21 Name Bile salt-activated lipase precursor
Enzyme 21 Synonyms
  1. BAL
  2. Bile salt-stimulated lipase
  3. BSSL
  4. Carboxyl ester lipase
  5. Sterol esterase
  6. Cholesterol esterase
  7. Pancreatic lysophospholipase
Enzyme 21 Gene Name CEL
Enzyme 21 Protein Sequence >Bile salt-activated lipase precursor
MGRLQLVVLGLTCCWAVASAAKLGAVYTEGGFVEGVNKKLGLLGDSVDIFKGIPFAAPTK
ALENPQPHPGWQGTLKAKNFKKRCLQATITQDSTYGDEDCLYLNIWVPQGRKQVSRDLPV
MIWIYGGAFLMGSGHGANFLNNYLYDGEEIATRGNVIVVTFNYRVGPLGFLSTGDANLPG
NYGLRDQHMAIAWVKRNIAAFGGDPNNITLFGESAGGASVSLQTLSPYNKGLIRRAISQS
GVALSPWVIQKNPLFWAKKVAEKVGCPVGDAARMAQCLKVTDPRALTLAYKVPLAGLEYP
MLHYVGFVPVIDGDFIPADPINLYANAADIDYIAGTNNMDGHIFASIDMPAINKGNKKVT
EEDFYKLVSEFTITKGLRGAKTTFDVYTESWAQDPSQENKKKTVVDFETDVLFLVPTEIA
LAQHRANAKSAKTYAYLFSHPSRMPVYPKWVGADHADDIQYVFGKPFATPTGYRPQDRTV
SKAMIAYWTNFAKTGDPNMGDSAVPTHWEPYTTENSGYLEITKKMGSSSMKRSLRTNFLR
YWTLTYLALPTVTDQEATPVPPTGDSEATPVPPTGDSETAPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSG
APPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVP
PTGDAGPPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVTPTGDSETAPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDS
EAAPVPPTDDSKEAQMPAVIRF
Enzyme 21 Number of Residues 742
Enzyme 21 Molecular Weight 78346
Enzyme 21 Theoretical pI 5.01
Enzyme 21 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 21 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 21 Specific Function Catalyzes fat and vitamin absorption. Acts in concert with pancreatic lipase and colipase for the complete digestion of dietary triglycerides
Enzyme 21 Pathways
Enzyme 21 Reactions
  • A steryl ester + H2O = a sterol + a fatty acid
Enzyme 21 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 21 Signals
  • 1-20
Enzyme 21 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 21 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 21 GenBank ID Protein 29501 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P19835 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CEL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 21 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 21 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 21 Gene Sequence >2238 bp
ATGCTCACCATGGGGCGCCTGCAACTGGTTGTGTTGGGCCTCACCTGCTGCTGGGCAGTG
GCGAGTGCCGCGAAGCTGGGCGCCGTGTACACAGAAGGTGGGTTCGTGGAAGGCGTCAAT
AAGAAGCTCGGCCTCCTGGGTGACTCTGTGGACATCTTCAAGGGCATCCCCTTCGCAGCT
CCCACCAAGGCCCTGGAAAATCCTCAGCCACATCCTGGCTGGCAAGGGACCCTGAAGGCC
AAGAACTTCAAGAAGAGATGCCTGCAGGCCACCATCACCCAGGACAGCACCTACGGGGAT
GAAGACTGCCTGTACCTCAACATTTGGGTGCCCCAGGGCAGGAAGCAAGTCTCCCGGGAC
CTGCCCGTTATGATCTGGATCTATGGAGGCGCCTTCCTCATGGGGTCCGGCCATGGGGCC
AACTTCCTCAACAACTACCTGTATGACGGCGAGGAGATCGCCACACGCGGAAACGTCATC
GTGGTCACCTTCAACTACCGTGTCGGCCCCCTTGGGTTCCTCAGCACTGGGGACGCCAAT
CTGCCAGGTAACTATGGCCTTCGGGATCAGCACATGGCCATTGCTTGGGTGAAGAGGAAT
ATCGCGGCCTTCGGGGGGGACCCCAACAACATCACGCTCTTCGGGGAGTCTGCTGGAGGT
GCCAGCGTCTCTCTGCAGACCCTCTCCCCCTACAACAAGGGCCTCATCCGGCGAGCCATC
AGCCAGAGCGGCGTGGCCCTGAGTCCCTGGGTCATCCAGAAAAACCCACTCTTCTGGGCC
AAAAAGGTGGCTGAGAAGGTGGGTTGCCCTGTGGGTGATGCCGCCAGGATGGCCCAGTGT
CTGAAGGTTACTGATCCCCGAGCCCTGACGCTGGCCTATAAGGTGCCGCTGGCAGGCCTG
GAGTACCCCATGCTGCACTATGTGGGCTTCGTCCCTGTCATTGATGGAGACTTCATCCCC
GCTGACCCGATCAACCTGTACGCCAACGCCGCCGACATCGACTATATAGCAGGCACCAAC
AACATGGACGGCCACATCTTCGCCAGCATCGACATGCCTGCCATCAACAAGGGCAACAAG
AAAGTCACGGAGGAGGACTTCTACAAGCTGGTCAGTGAGTTCACAATCACCAAGGGGCTC
AGAGGCGCCAAGACGACCTTTGATGTCTACACCGAGTCCTGGGCCCAGGACCCATCCCAG
GAGAATAAGAAGAAGACTGTGGTGGACTTTGAGACCGATGTCCTCTTCCTGGTGCCCACC
GAGATTGCCCTAGCCCAGCACAGAGCCAATGCCAAGAGTGCCAAGACCTACGCCTACCTG
TTTTCCCATCCCTCTCGGATGCCCGTCTACCCCAAATGGGTGGGGGCCGACCATGCAGAT
GACATTCAGTACGTTTTCGGGAAGCCCTTCGCCACCCCCACGGGCTACCGGCCCCAAGAC
AGGACAGTCTCTAAGGCCATGATCGCCTACTGGACCAACTTTGCCAAAACAGGGGACCCC
AACATGGGCGACTCGGCTGTGCCCACACACTGGGAACCCTACACTACGGAAAACAGCGGC
TACCTGGAGATCACCAAGAAGATGGGCAGCAGCTCCATGAAGCGGAGCCTGAGAACCAAC
TTCCTGCGCTACTGGACCCTCACCTATCTGGCGCTGCCCACAGTGACCGACCAGGAGGCC
ACCCCTGTGCCCCCCACAGGGGACTCCGAGGCCACTCCCGTGCCCCCCACGGGTGACTCC
GAGACCGCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGT
GACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCC
ACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTG
CCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGCGCCCCC
CCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACGCCGGGCCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGC
GCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGACCCCCACGGGTGAC
TCCGAGACCGCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCTGTGCCCCCCACG
GGTGACTCTGAGGCTGCCCCTGTGCCCCCCACAGATGACTCCAAGGAAGCTCAGATGCCT
GCAGTCATTAGGTTTTAG
Enzyme 21 GenBank Gene ID X54457 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GeneCard ID CEL Link Image
Enzyme 21 GenAtlas ID CEL Link Image
Enzyme 21 HGNC ID HGNC:1848 Link Image
Enzyme 21 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 21 Locus 9q34.3
Enzyme 21 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 21 General References
  1. Nilsson J, Blackberg L, Carlsson P, Enerback S, Hernell O, Bjursell G: cDNA cloning of human-milk bile-salt-stimulated lipase and evidence for its identity to pancreatic carboxylic ester hydrolase. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Sep 11;192(2):543-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hui DY, Kissel JA: Sequence identity between human pancreatic cholesterol esterase and bile salt-stimulated milk lipase. FEBS Lett. 1990 Dec 10;276(1-2):131-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Baba T, Downs D, Jackson KW, Tang J, Wang CS: Structure of human milk bile salt activated lipase. Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 15;30(2):500-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lidberg U, Nilsson J, Stromberg K, Stenman G, Sahlin P, Enerback S, Bjursell G: Genomic organization, sequence analysis, and chromosomal localization of the human carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) gene and a CEL-like (CELL) gene. Genomics. 1992 Jul;13(3):630-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Roudani S, Miralles F, Margotat A, Escribano MJ, Lombardo D: Bile salt-dependent lipase transcripts in human fetal tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Oct 17;1264(1):141-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Christie DL, Cleverly DR, O'Connor CJ: Human milk bile-salt stimulated lipase. Sequence similarity with rat lysophospholipase and homology with the active site region of cholinesterases. FEBS Lett. 1991 Jan 28;278(2):190-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Wang CS, Dashti A, Jackson KW, Yeh JC, Cummings RD, Tang J: Isolation and characterization of human milk bile salt-activated lipase C-tail fragment. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug 22;34(33):10639-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Mechref Y, Chen P, Novotny MV: Structural characterization of the N-linked oligosaccharides in bile salt-stimulated lipase originated from human breast milk. Glycobiology. 1999 Mar;9(3):227-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Terzyan S, Wang CS, Downs D, Hunter B, Zhang XC: Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human bile salt activated lipase. Protein Sci. 2000 Sep;9(9):1783-90. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 21 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 22 [top]
Enzyme 22 ID 5477
Enzyme 22 Name Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 precursor
Enzyme 22 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 22 Gene Name PNLIPRP2
Enzyme 22 Protein Sequence >Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 precursor
MLPPWTLGLLLLATVRGKEVCYGQLGCFSDEKPWAGTLQRPVKLLPWSPEDIDTRFLLYT
NENPNNFQLITGTEPDTIEASNFQLDRKTRFIIHGFLDKAEDSWPSDMCKKMFEVEKVNC
ICVDWRHGSRAMYTQAVQNIRVVGAETAFLIQALSTQLGYSLEDVHVIGHSLGAHTAAEA
GRRLGGRVGRITGLDPAGPCFQDEPEEVRLDPSDAVFVDVIHTDSSPIVPSLGFGMSQKV
GHLDFFPNGGKEMPGCKKNVLSTITDIDGIWEGIGGFVSCNHLRSFEYYSSSVLNPDGFL
GYPCASYDEFQESKCFPCPAEGCPKMGHYADQFKGKTSAVEQTFFLNTGESGNFTSWRYK
VSVTLSGKEKVNGYIRIALYGSNENSKQYEIFKGSLKPDASHTCAIDVDFNVGKIQKVKF
LWNKRGINLSEPKLGASQITVQSGEDGTEYNFCSSDTVEENVLQSLYPC
Enzyme 22 Number of Residues 469
Enzyme 22 Molecular Weight 51947
Enzyme 22 Theoretical pI 5.11
Enzyme 22 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • triacylglycerol lipase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 22 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 22 Specific Function Triacylglycerol + H(2)O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 22 Pathways
Enzyme 22 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 22 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 22 Signals
  • 1-17
Enzyme 22 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 22 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 22 GenBank ID Protein 187232 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P54317 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPR2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 22 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 22 Gene Sequence >1410 bp
ATGCTGCCCCCTTGGACCCTCGGCCTTCTCCTGCTGGCCACAGTCAGAGGAAAAGAGGTC
TGCTACGGACAACTTGGCTGCTTTTCTGATGAAAAACCATGGGCAGGAACCCTTCAGCGA
CCTGTAAAATTACTTCCCTGGTCCCCCGAGGACATTGACACCCGCTTTCTTCTGTACACA
AATGAAAATCCAAACAACTTCCAACTAATCACTGGCACGGAACCAGACACCATTGAGGCT
TCAAACTTCCAACTGGACCGCAAGACACGCTTCATCATCCATGGCTTCTTAGACAAGGCG
GAGGACAGCTGGCCATCGGACATGTGCAAGAAAATGTTTGAAGTGGAGAAGGTGAACTGC
ATCTGTGTGGACTGGAGGCACGGGTCCCGGGCAATGTACACCCAAGCCGTGCAAAACATT
CGGGTTGTTGGGGCGGAGACAGCTTTCTTAATACAAGCACTGTCGACGCAGCTAGGGTAC
AGCCTTGAGGACGTGCATGTCATCGGCCACAGCCTGGGCGCGCACACGGCCGCGGAGGCG
GGCAGGAGGCTGGGGGGCCGCGTGGGCAGGATCACAGGGCTGGATCCAGCAGGGCCGTGC
TTCCAGGATGAACCTGAGGAGGTTCGGTTGGATCCATCTGACGCCGTGTTTGTGGATGTG
ATTCACACAGATTCTTCTCCCATAGTTCCTTCCCTAGGTTTCGGAATGAGCCAAAAGGTG
GGCCATCTGGATTTCTTTCCAAATGGAGGAAAGGAAATGCCCGGATGTAAGAAAAATGTC
CTTTCAACCATTACTGATATTGATGGAATATGGGAAGGAATTGGTGGCTTTGTGTCTTGC
AATCACCTAAGAAGCTTCGAGTATTACTCAAGCAGCGTCCTCAACCCTGATGGCTTCCTG
GGCTATCCCTGTGCCTCCTACGATGAGTTTCAGGAGAGTAAGTGTTTCCCTTGTCCAGCT
GAAGGATGCCCCAAAATGGGGCACTATGCTGACCAATTTAAGGGGAAAACAAGTGCTGTG
GAACAAACCTTTTTCCTGAACACAGGAGAGAGTGGTAACTTTACTAGTTGGAGATATAAG
GTATCAGTCACACTTTCTGGAAAAGAGAAAGTGAATGGGTACATCAGGATTGCTTTGTAT
GGAAGTAATGAAAACTCGAAACAATATGAGATTTTCAAAGGATCCCTCAAACCAGATGCA
AGTCACACGTGTGCTATTGATGTGGATTTTAATGTTGGAAAAATACAGAAAGTTAAATTC
CTCTGGAACAAACGTGGGATAAATCTATCTGAGCCCAAACTGGGGGCTTCCCAAATCACA
GTGCAAAGTGGTGAAGATGGGACTGAGTATAATTTTTGTAGCAGCGACACTGTGGAAGAA
AACGTCTTGCAATCTCTTTACCCTTGTTAA
Enzyme 22 GenBank Gene ID M93284 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GeneCard ID PNLIPRP2 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GenAtlas ID PNLIPRP2 Link Image
Enzyme 22 HGNC ID HGNC:9157 Link Image
Enzyme 22 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 22 Locus 10q25.3
Enzyme 22 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 22 General References
  1. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 22 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 23 [top]
Enzyme 23 ID 5545
Enzyme 23 Name Lipoprotein lipase precursor
Enzyme 23 Synonyms
  1. LPL
Enzyme 23 Gene Name LPL
Enzyme 23 Protein Sequence >Lipoprotein lipase precursor
MESKALLVLTLAVWLQSLTASRGGVAAADQRRDFIDIESKFALRTPEDTAEDTCHLIPGV
AESVATCHFNHSSKTFMVIHGWTVTGMYESWVPKLVAALYKREPDSNVIVVDWLSRAQEH
YPVSAGYTKLVGQDVARFINWMEEEFNYPLDNVHLLGYSLGAHAAGIAGSLTNKKVNRIT
GLDPAGPNFEYAEAPSRLSPDDADFVDVLHTFTRGSPGRSIGIQKPVGHVDIYPNGGTFQ
PGCNIGEAIRVIAERGLGDVDQLVKCSHERSIHLFIDSLLNEENPSKAYRCSSKEAFEKG
LCLSCRKNRCNNLGYEINKVRAKRSSKMYLKTRSQMPYKVFHYQVKIHFSGTESETHTNQ
AFEISLYGTVAESENIPFTLPEVSTNKTYSFLIYTEVDIGELLMLKLKWKSDSYFSWSDW
WSSPGFAIQKIRVKAGETQKKVIFCSREKVSHLQKGKAPAVFVKCHDKSLNKKSG
Enzyme 23 Number of Residues 475
Enzyme 23 Molecular Weight 53163
Enzyme 23 Theoretical pI 8.26
Enzyme 23 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • lipoprotein lipase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 23 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 23 Specific Function The primary function of this lipase is the hydrolysis of triglycerides of circulating chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). The enzyme functions in the presence of apolipoprotein C-2 on the luminal surface of vascular endothelium
Enzyme 23 Pathways
Enzyme 23 Reactions
  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 23 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 23 Signals
  • 1-27
Enzyme 23 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 23 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 23 GenBank ID Protein 307138 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P06858 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 23 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 23 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 23 Gene Sequence >1428 bp
ATGGAGAGCAAAGCCCTGCTCGTGCTGACTCTGGCCGTGTGGCTCCAGAGTCTGACCGCC
TCCCGCGGAGGGGTGGCCGCCGCCGACCAAAGAAGAGATTTTATCGACATCGAAAGTAAA
TTTGCCCTAAGGACCCCTGAAGACACAGCTGAGGACACTTGCCACCTCATTCCCGGAGTA
GCAGAGTCCGTGGCTACCTGTCATTTCAATCACAGCAGCAAAACCTTCATGGTGATCCAT
GGCTGGACGGTAACAGGAATGTATGAGAGTTGGGTGCCAAAACTTGTGGCCGCCCTGTAC
AAGAGAGAACCAGACTCCAATGTCATTGTGGTGGACTGGCTGTCACGGGCTCAGGAGCAT
TACCCAGTGTCCGCGGGCTACACCAAACTGGTGGGACAGGATGTGGCCCGGTTTATCAAC
TGGATGGAGGAGGAGTTTAACTACCCTCTGGACAATGTCCATCTCTTGGGATACAGCCTT
GGAGCCCATGCTGCTGGCATTGCAGGAAGTCTGACCAATAAGAAAGTCAACAGAATTACT
GGCCTCGATCCAGCTGGACCTAACTTTGAGTATGCAGAAGCCCCGAGTCGTCTTTCTCCT
GATGATGCAGATTTTGTAGACGTCTTACACACATTCACCAGAGGGTCCCCTGGTCGAAGC
ATTGGAATCCAGAAACCAGTTGGGCATGTTGACATTTACCCGAATGGAGGTACTTTTCAG
CCAGGATGTAACATTGGAGAAGCTATCCGCGTGATTGCAGAGAGAGGACTTGGAGATGTG
GACCAGCTAGTGAAGTGCTCCCACGAGCGCTCCATTCATCTCTTCATCGACTCTCTGTTG
AATGAAGAAAATCCAAGTAAGGCCTACAGGTGCAGTTCCAAGGAAGCCTTTGAGAAAGGG
CTCTGCTTGAGTTGTAGAAAGAACCGCTGCAACAATCTGGGCTATGAGATCAATAAAGTC
AGAGCCAAAAGAAGCAGCAAAATGTACCTGAAGACTCGTTCTCAGATGCCCTACAAAGTC
TTCCATTACCAAGTAAAGATTCATTTTTCTGGGACTGAGAGTGAAACCCATACCAATCAG
GCCTTTGAGATTTCTCTGTATGGCACCGTGGCCGAGAGTGAGAACATCCCATTCACTCTG
CCTGAAGTTTCCACAAATAAGACCTACTCCTTCCTAATTTACACAGAGGTAGATATTGGA
GAACTACTCATGTTGAAGCTCAAATGGAAGAGTGATTCATACTTTAGCTGGTCAGACTGG
TGGAGCAGTCCCGGCTTCGCCATTCAGAAGATCAGAGTAAAAGCAGGAGAGACTCAGAAA
AAGGTGATCTTCTGTTCTAGGGAGAAAGTGTCTCATTTGCAGAAAGGAAAGGCACCTGCG
GTATTTGTGAAATGCCATGACAAGTCTCTGAATAAGAAGTCAGGCTGA
Enzyme 23 GenBank Gene ID M15856 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GeneCard ID LPL Link Image
Enzyme 23 GenAtlas ID LPL Link Image
Enzyme 23 HGNC ID HGNC:6677 Link Image
Enzyme 23 Chromosome Location 8
Enzyme 23 Locus 8p22
Enzyme 23 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 23 General References
  1. Wion KL, Kirchgessner TG, Lusis AJ, Schotz MC, Lawn RM: Human lipoprotein lipase complementary DNA sequence. Science. 1987 Mar 27;235(4796):1638-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gotoda T, Senda M, Gamou T, Furuichi Y, Oka K: Nucleotide sequence of human cDNA coding for a lipoprotein lipase (LPL) cloned from placental cDNA library. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Mar 25;17(6):2351. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Yamamoto A: DNA sequence of lipoprotein lipase cDNA cloned from human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Nov 11;18(21):6436. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Chuat JC, Raisonnier A, Etienne J, Galibert F: The lipoprotein lipase-encoding human gene: sequence from intron-6 to intron-9 and presence in intron-7 of a 40-million-year-old Alu sequence. Gene. 1992 Jan 15;110(2):257-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Enerback S, Ohlsson BG, Samuelsson L, Bjursell G: Characterization of the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) promoter: evidence of two cis-regulatory regions, LP-alpha and LP-beta, of importance for the differentiation-linked induction of the LPL gene during adipogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Oct;12(10):4622-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Zechner R: Rapid and simple isolation procedure for lipoprotein lipase from human milk. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 May 1;1044(1):20-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Emmerich J, Beg OU, Peterson J, Previato L, Brunzell JD, Brewer HB Jr, Santamarina-Fojo S: Human lipoprotein lipase. Analysis of the catalytic triad by site-directed mutagenesis of Ser-132, Asp-156, and His-241. J Biol Chem. 1992 Feb 25;267(6):4161-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. van Tilbeurgh H, Roussel A, Lalouel JM, Cambillau C: Lipoprotein lipase. Molecular model based on the pancreatic lipase x-ray structure: consequences for heparin binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 11;269(6):4626-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Wilson DE, Hata A, Kwong LK, Lingam A, Shuhua J, Ridinger DN, Yeager C, Kaltenborn KC, Iverius PH, Lalouel JM: Mutations in exon 3 of the lipoprotein lipase gene segregating in a family with hypertriglyceridemia, pancreatitis, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):203-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Ishimura-Oka K, Faustinella F, Kihara S, Smith LC, Oka K, Chan L: A missense mutation (Trp86----Arg) in exon 3 of the lipoprotein lipase gene: a cause of familial chylomicronemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jun;50(6):1275-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Reina M, Brunzell JD, Deeb SS: Molecular basis of familial chylomicronemia: mutations in the lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein C-II genes. J Lipid Res. 1992 Dec;33(12):1823-32. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Ameis D, Kobayashi J, Davis RC, Ben-Zeev O, Malloy MJ, Kane JP, Lee G, Wong H, Havel RJ, Schotz MC: Familial chylomicronemia (type I hyperlipoproteinemia) due to a single missense mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene. J Clin Invest. 1991 Apr;87(4):1165-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Bruin T, Tuzgol S, van Diermen DE, Hoogerbrugge-van der Linden N, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR, Kastelein JJ: Recurrent pancreatitis and chylomicronemia in an extended Dutch kindred is caused by a Gly154-->Ser substitution in lipoprotein lipase. J Lipid Res. 1993 Dec;34(12):2109-19. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Ma YH, Bruin T, Tuzgol S, Wilson BI, Roederer G, Liu MS, Davignon J, Kastelein JJ, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Two naturally occurring mutations at the first and second bases of codon aspartic acid 156 in the proposed catalytic triad of human lipoprotein lipase. In vivo evidence that aspartic acid 156 is essential for catalysis. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 25;267(3):1918-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Faustinella F, Chang A, Van Biervliet JP, Rosseneu M, Vinaimont N, Smith LC, Chen SH, Chan L: Catalytic triad residue mutation (Asp156----Gly) causing familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. Co-inheritance with a nonsense mutation (Ser447----Ter) in a Turkish family. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 5;266(22):14418-24. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Bruin T, Kastelein JJ, Van Diermen DE, Ma Y, Henderson HE, Stuyt PM, Stalenhoef AF, Sturk A, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: A missense mutation Pro157 Arg in lipoprotein lipase (LPLNijmegen) resulting in loss of catalytic activity. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Sep 1;208(2):267-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Ma Y, Liu MS, Ginzinger D, Frohlich J, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Gene-environment interaction in the conversion of a mild-to-severe phenotype in a patient homozygous for a Ser172-->Cys mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene. J Clin Invest. 1993 May;91(5):1953-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Beg OU, Meng MS, Skarlatos SI, Previato L, Brunzell JD, Brewer HB Jr, Fojo SS: Lipoprotein lipaseBethesda: a single amino acid substitution (Ala-176----Thr) leads to abnormal heparin binding and loss of enzymic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3474-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Haubenwallner S, Horl G, Shachter NS, Presta E, Fried SK, Hofler G, Kostner GM, Breslow JL, Zechner R: A novel missense mutation in the gene for lipoprotein lipase resulting in a highly conservative amino acid substitution (Asp180-->Glu) causes familial chylomicronemia (type I hyperlipoproteinemia). Genomics. 1993 Nov;18(2):392-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Emi M, Wilson DE, Iverius PH, Wu L, Hata A, Hegele R, Williams RR, Lalouel JM: Missense mutation (Gly----Glu188) of human lipoprotein lipase imparting functional deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 5;265(10):5910-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Monsalve MV, Henderson H, Roederer G, Julien P, Deeb S, Kastelein JJ, Peritz L, Devlin R, Bruin T, Murthy MR, et al.: A missense mutation at codon 188 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene is a frequent cause of lipoprotein lipase deficiency in persons of different ancestries. J Clin Invest. 1990 Sep;86(3):728-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  22. Ishimura-Oka K, Semenkovich CF, Faustinella F, Goldberg IJ, Shachter N, Smith LC, Coleman T, Hide WA, Brown WV, Oka K, et al.: A missense (Asp250----Asn) mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene in two unrelated families with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. J Lipid Res. 1992 May;33(5):745-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  23. Henderson HE, Ma Y, Hassan MF, Monsalve MV, Marais AD, Winkler F, Gubernator K, Peterson J, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Amino acid substitution (Ile194----Thr) in exon 5 of the lipoprotein lipase gene causes lipoprotein lipase deficiency in three unrelated probands. Support for a multicentric origin. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jun;87(6):2005-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  24. Dichek HL, Fojo SS, Beg OU, Skarlatos SI, Brunzell JD, Cutler GB Jr, Brewer HB Jr: Identification of two separate allelic mutations in the lipoprotein lipase gene of a patient with the familial hyperchylomicronemia syndrome. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 5;266(1):473-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  25. Hata A, Ridinger DN, Sutherland SD, Emi M, Kwong LK, Shuhua J, Lubbers A, Guy-Grand B, Basdevant A, Iverius PH, et al.: Missense mutations in exon 5 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene. Inactivation correlates with loss of dimerization. J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):20132-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  26. Gotoda T, Yamada N, Kawamura M, Kozaki K, Mori N, Ishibashi S, Shimano H, Takaku F, Yazaki Y, Furuichi Y, et al.: Heterogeneous mutations in the human lipoprotein lipase gene in patients with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1991 Dec;88(6):1856-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  27. Ma Y, Henderson HE, Murthy V, Roederer G, Monsalve MV, Clarke LA, Normand T, Julien P, Gagne C, Lambert M, et al.: A mutation in the human lipoprotein lipase gene as the most common cause of familial chylomicronemia in French Canadians. N Engl J Med. 1991 Jun 20;324(25):1761-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  28. Hata A, Emi M, Luc G, Basdevant A, Gambert P, Iverius PH, Lalouel JM: Compound heterozygote for lipoprotein lipase deficiency: Ser----Thr244 and transition in 3' splice site of intron 2 (AG----AA) in the lipoprotein lipase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Oct;47(4):721-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  29. Ma Y, Wilson BI, Bijvoet S, Henderson HE, Cramb E, Roederer G, Ven Murthy MR, Julien P, Bakker HD, Kastelein JJ, et al.: A missense mutation (Asp250----Asn) in exon 6 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene causes chylomicronemia in patients of different ancestries. Genomics. 1992 Jul;13(3):649-53. [PubMed Link Image]
  30. Reymer PW, Gagne E, Groenemeyer BE, Zhang H, Forsyth I, Jansen H, Seidell JC, Kromhout D, Lie KE, Kastelein J, et al.: A lipoprotein lipase mutation (Asn291Ser) is associated with reduced HDL cholesterol levels in premature atherosclerosis. Nat Genet. 1995 May;10(1):28-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  31. Kobayashi J, Sasaki N, Tashiro J, Inadera H, Saito Y, Yoshida S: A missense mutation (Ala334-->Thr) in exon 7 of the lipoprotein lipase gene in a case with type I hyperlipidemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Mar 31;191(3):1046-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  32. Pepe G, Chimienti G, Resta F, Di Perna V, Tarricone C, Lovecchio M, Colacicco AM, Capurso A: A new Italian case of lipoprotein lipase deficiency: a Leu365- > Val change resulting in loss of enzyme activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 15;199(2):570-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  33. Previato L, Guardamagna O, Dugi KA, Ronan R, Talley GD, Santamarina-Fojo S, Brewer HB Jr: A novel missense mutation in the C-terminal domain of lipoprotein lipase (Glu410-->Val) leads to enzyme inactivation and familial chylomicronemia. J Lipid Res. 1994 Sep;35(9):1552-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  34. Wiebusch H, Funke H, Bruin T, Bucher H, von Eckardstein A, Kastelein JJ, Assmann G: Compound heterozygosity for a known (D250N) and a novel (E410K) missense mutation in the C-terminal domain of lipoprotein lipase causes familial chylomicronemia. Hum Mutat. 1996;8(4):381-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  35. Foubert L, Bruin T, De Gennes JL, Ehrenborg E, Furioli J, Kastelein J, Benlian P, Hayden M: A single Ser259Arg mutation in the gene for lipoprotein lipase causes chylomicronemia in Moroccans of Berber ancestry. Hum Mutat. 1997;10(3):179-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  36. Mailly F, Palmen J, Muller DP, Gibbs T, Lloyd J, Brunzell J, Durrington P, Mitropoulos K, Betteridge J, Watts G, Lithell H, Angelico F, Humphries SE, Talmud PJ: Familial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency: a catalogue of LPL gene mutations identified in 20 patients from the UK, Sweden, and Italy. Hum Mutat. 1997;10(6):465-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  37. Zhang Q, Liu Y, Liu BW, Fan P, Cavanna J, Galton DJ: Common genetic variants of lipoprotein lipase and apolipoproteins AI-CIII that relate to coronary artery disease: a study in Chinese and European subjects. Mol Genet Metab. 1998 Jul;64(3):177-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  38. Nickerson DA, Taylor SL, Weiss KM, Clark AG, Hutchinson RG, Stengard J, Salomaa V, Vartiainen E, Boerwinkle E, Sing CF: DNA sequence diversity in a 9.7-kb region of the human lipoprotein lipase gene. Nat Genet. 1998 Jul;19(3):233-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  39. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  40. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 23 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 24 [top]
Enzyme 24 ID 5638
Enzyme 24 Name Cytochrome P450 4A11 precursor
Enzyme 24 Synonyms
  1. CYPIVA11
  2. Fatty acid omega-hydroxylase
  3. P-450 HK omega
  4. Lauric acid omega-hydroxylase
  5. CYP4AII
  6. P450-HL-omega
Enzyme 24 Gene Name CYP4A11
Enzyme 24 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome P450 4A11 precursor
MSVSVLSPSRLLGDVSGILQAASLLILLLLLIKAVQLYLHRQWLLKALQQFPCPPSHWLF
GHIQELQQDQELQRIQKWVETFPSACPHWLWGGKVRVQLYDPDYMKVILGRSDPKSHGSY
RFLAPWIGYGLLLLNGQTWFQHRRMLTPAFHYDILKPYVGLMADSVRVMLDKWEELLGQD
SPLEVFQHVSLMTLDTIMKCAFSHQGSIQVDRNSQSYIQAISDLNNLVFSRVRNAFHQND
TIYSLTSAGRWTHRACQLAHQHTDQVIQLRKAQLQKEGELEKIKRKRHLDFLDILLLAKM
ENGSILSDKDLRAEVDTFMFEGHDTTASGISWILYALATHPKHQERCREEIHSLLGDGAS
ITWNHLDQMPYTTMCIKEALRLYPPVPGIGRELSTPVTFPDGRSLPKGIMVLLSIYGLHH
NPKVWPNPEVFDPFRFAPGSAQHSHAFLPFSGGSRNCIGKQFAMNELKVATALTLLRFEL
LPDPTRIPIPIARLVLKSKNGIHLRLRRLPNPCEDKDQL
Enzyme 24 Number of Residues 519
Enzyme 24 Molecular Weight 59349
Enzyme 24 Theoretical pI 8.99
Enzyme 24 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • tetrapyrrole binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 24 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 24 Specific Function Catalyzes the omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation of various fatty acids such as laurate, myristate and palmitate. Has little activity toward prostaglandins A1 and E1
Enzyme 24 Pathways
Enzyme 24 Reactions
  • octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O
Enzyme 24 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 24 Signals
  • 1-37
Enzyme 24 Transmembrane Regions
  • 118-140
Enzyme 24 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 24 GenBank ID Protein 181397 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q02928 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP4AB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 24 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 24 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Gene Sequence >1560 bp
ATGAGTGTCTCTGTGCTGAGCCCCAGCAGACTCCTGGGTGATGTCTCTGGAATCCTCCAA
GCGGCCTCCCTGCTCATTCTGCTTCTGCTGCTGATCAAGGCAGTTCAGCTCTACCTGCAC
AGGCAGTGGCTGCTCAAAGCCCTCCAGCAGTTCCCGTGCCCTCCCTCCCACTGGCTCTTC
GGGCACATCCAGGAGCTCCAACAGGACCAGGAGCTACAACGGATTCAGAAATGGGTGGAG
ACATTCCCAAGTGCCTGTCCTCATTGGCTATGGGGAGGCAAAGTTCGTGTCCAGCTCTAT
GACCCTGACTATATGAAGGTGATTCTGGGGAGATCAGACCCGAAATCCCATGGTTCCTAC
AGATTCCTGGCTCCATGGATTGGGTACGGCTTGCTCCTGTTGAATGGGCAGACATGGTTC
CAGCATCGACGGATGCTGACCCCAGCCTTCCACTATGACATCCTGAAGCCCTATGTGGGG
CTCATGGCAGACTCTGTACGAGTGATGCTGGACAAATGGGAAGAGCTCCTTGGCCAGGAT
TCCCCTCTGGAGGTCTTTCAGCACGTCTCCTTGATGACCCTGGACACCATCATGAAGTGT
GCCTTCAGCCATCAGGGCAGCATCCAGGTGGACAGGAATTCTCAGTCCTACATACAGGCC
ATTAGTGACCTGAACAACCTGGTTTTTTCCCGTGTGAGGAATGCCTTTCACCAGAATGAC
ACCATCTACAGCCTGACCTCTGCTGGCCGCTGGACACACCGCGCCTGCCAGCTGGCCCAT
CAGCACACAGACCAAGTGATCCAACTGAGGAAGGCTCAACTACAGAAGGAGGGGGAGCTG
GAGAAGATCAAGAGGAAGAGGCATTTGGATTTTCTGGATATCCTCCTCTTGGCCAAAATG
GAGAATGGGAGCATCTTGTCAGACAAGGACCTCCGTGCTGAGGTGGACACGTTCATGTTT
GAGGGCCACGACACCACAGCCAGTGGGATCTCCTGGATCCTCTATGCTCTGGCCACACAC
CCCAAGCATCAGGAGAGGTGCCGGGAGGAGATCCACAGCCTCCTGGGTGATGGAGCCTCC
ATCACCTGGAACCACCTGGACCAGATGCCCTACACCACCATGTGCATTAAGGAGGCACTG
AGGCTCTACCCACCGGTGCCAGGCATTGGCAGAGAGCTCAGCACTCCCGTCACCTTCCCT
GATGGGCGCTCCTTGCCCAAAGGTATCATGGTCCTCCTCTCCATTTATGGCCTTCACCAC
AACCCAAAAGTGTGGCCCAACCCAGAGGTGTTTGACCCTTTCCGTTTTGCACCGGGTTCT
GCTCAACACAGCCACGCTTTCCTGCCCTTCTCAGGAGGATCAAGGAACTGCATTGGGAAA
CAATTTGCCATGAACGAGCTGAAGGTGGCCACGGCCCTGACCCTGCTCCGCTTTGAGCTG
CTGCCTGATCCCACCAGGATCCCCATCCCCATTGCACGACTTGTGTTGAAATCCAAAAAT
GGAATCCACCTGCGTCTCAGGAGGCTCCCTAACCCTTGTGAAGACAAGGACCAGCTTTGA
Enzyme 24 GenBank Gene ID L04751 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GeneCard ID CYP4A11 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GenAtlas ID CYP4A11 Link Image
Enzyme 24 HGNC ID HGNC:2642 Link Image
Enzyme 24 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 24 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 24 General References
  1. Palmer CN, Richardson TH, Griffin KJ, Hsu MH, Muerhoff AS, Clark JE, Johnson EF: Characterization of a cDNA encoding a human kidney, cytochrome P-450 4A fatty acid omega-hydroxylase and the cognate enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Feb 20;1172(1-2):161-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kawashima H, Kusunose E, Kikuta Y, Kinoshita H, Tanaka S, Yamamoto S, Kishimoto T, Kusunose M: Purification and cDNA cloning of human liver CYP4A fatty acid omega-hydroxylase. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1994 Jul;116(1):74-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Imaoka S, Ogawa H, Kimura S, Gonzalez FJ: Complete cDNA sequence and cDNA-directed expression of CYP4A11, a fatty acid omega-hydroxylase expressed in human kidney. DNA Cell Biol. 1993 Dec;12(10):893-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bellamine A, Wang Y, Waterman MR, Gainer JV 3rd, Dawson EP, Brown NJ, Capdevila JH: Characterization of the CYP4A11 gene, a second CYP4A gene in humans. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 Jan 1;409(1):221-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kawashima H, Kusunose E, Kubota I, Maekawa M, Kusunose M: Purification and NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of human and rat kidney fatty acid omega-hydroxylases. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Jan 24;1123(2):156-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Bell DR, Plant NJ, Rider CG, Na L, Brown S, Ateitalla I, Acharya SK, Davies MH, Elias E, Jenkins NA, et al.: Species-specific induction of cytochrome P-450 4A RNAs: PCR cloning of partial guinea-pig, human and mouse CYP4A cDNAs. Biochem J. 1993 Aug 15;294 ( Pt 1):173-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hoch U, Ortiz De Montellano PR: Covalently linked heme in cytochrome p4504a fatty acid hydroxylases. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 6;276(14):11339-46. Epub 2001 Jan 3. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. LeBrun LA, Hoch U, Ortiz de Montellano PR: Autocatalytic mechanism and consequences of covalent heme attachment in the cytochrome P4504A family. J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 12;277(15):12755-61. Epub 2002 Jan 30. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 24 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 25 [top]
Enzyme 25 ID 5744
Enzyme 25 Name Liver carboxylesterase 1 precursor
Enzyme 25 Synonyms
  1. Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase
  2. ACAT
  3. Monocyte/macrophage serine esterase
  4. HMSE
  5. Serine esterase 1
  6. Brain carboxylesterase hBr1
  7. Triacylglycerol hydrolase
  8. TGH
  9. Egasyn
Enzyme 25 Gene Name CES1
Enzyme 25 Protein Sequence >Liver carboxylesterase 1 precursor
MWLRAFILATLSASAAWGHPSSPPVVDTVHGKVLGKFVSLEGFAQPVAIFLGIPFAKPPL
GPLRFTPPQPAEPWSFVKNATSYPPMCTQDPKAGQLLSELFTNRKENIPLKLSEDCLYLN
IYTPADLTKKNRLPVMVWIHGGGLMVGAASTYDGLALAAHENVVVVTIQYRLGIWGFFST
GDEHSRGNWGHLDQVAALRWVQDNIASFGGNPGSVTIFGESAGGESVSVLVLSPLAKNLF
HRAISESGVALTSVLVKKGDVKPLAEQIAITAGCKTTTSAVMVHCLRQKTEEELLETTLK
MKFLSLDLQGDPRESQPLLGTVIDGMLLLKTPEELQAERNFHTVPYMVGINKQEFGWLIP
MQLMSYPLSEGQLDQKTAMSLLWKSYPLVCIAKELIPEATEKYLGGTDDTVKKKDLFLDL
IADVMFGVPSVIVARNHRDAGAPTYMYEFQYRPSFSSDMKPKTVIGDHGDELFSVFGAPF
LKEGASEEEIRLSKMVMKFWANFARNGNPNGEGLPHWPEYNQKEGYLQIGANTQAAQKLK
DKEVAFWTNLFAKKAVEKPPQTEHIEL
Enzyme 25 Number of Residues 567
Enzyme 25 Molecular Weight 62522
Enzyme 25 Theoretical pI 6.58
Enzyme 25 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 25 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 25 Specific Function Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Hydrolyzes aromatic and aliphatic esters, but has no catalytic activity toward amides or a fatty acyl CoA ester
Enzyme 25 Pathways
Enzyme 25 Reactions
  • A carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 25 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 25 Signals
  • 1-18
Enzyme 25 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 25 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 25 GenBank ID Protein 179928 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P23141 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name EST1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 25 PDB ID 1MX1 Link Image
Enzyme 25 PDB File Show
Enzyme 25 3D Structure
Enzyme 25 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Gene Sequence >1704 bp
ATGTGGCTCCGTGCCTTTATCCTGGCCACTCTCTCTGCTTCCGCGGCTTGGGGGCATCCG
TCCTCGCCACCTGTGGTGGACACCGTGCATGGCAAAGTGCTGGGGAAGTTCGTCAGCTTA
GAAGGATTTGCACAGCCTGTGGCCATTTTCCTGGGAATCCCTTTTGCCAAGCCGCCTCTT
GGACCCCTGAGGTTTACTCCACCGCAGCCTGCAGAACCATGGAGCTTTGTGAAGAATGCC
ACCTCGTACCCTCCTATGTGCACCCAAGATCCCAAGGCGGGGCAGTTACTCTCAGAGCTA
TTTACAAACCGAAAGGAGAACATTCCTCTCAAGCTTTCTGAAGACTGTCTTTACCTCAAT
ATTTACACTCCTGCTGACTTGACCAAGAAAAACAGGCTGCCGGTGATGGTGTGGATCCAC
GGAGGGGGGCTGATGGTGGGTGCGGCATCAACCTATGATGGGCTGGCCCTTGCTGCCCAT
GAAAACGTGGTGGTGGTGACCATTCAATATCGCCTGGGCATCTGGGGATTCTTCAGCACA
GGGGATGAACACAGCCGGGGGAACTGGGGTCACCTGGACCAGGTGGCTGCCCTGCGCTGG
GTCCAGGACAACATTGCCAGCTTTGGAGGGAACCCAGGCTCTGTGACCATCTTTGGAGAG
TCAGCGGGAGGAGAAAGTGTCTCTGTTCTTGTTTTGTCTCCATTGGCCAAGAACCTCTTC
CACCGGGCCATTTCTGAGAGTGGCGTGGCCCTCACTTCTGTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGGTGAT
GTCAAGCCCTTGGCTGAGCAAATTGCTATCACTGCTGGGTGCAAAACCACCACCTCTGCT
GTCATGGTTCACTGCCTGCGACAGAAGACGGAAGAGGAGCTCTTGGAGACGACATTGAAA
ATGAAATTCTTATCTCTGGACTTACAGGGAGACCCCAGAGAGAGTCAACCCCTTCTGGGC
ACTGTGATTGATGGGATGCTGCTGCTGAAAACACCTGAAGAGCTTCAAGCTGAAAGGAAT
TTCCACACTGTCCCCTACATGGTCGGAATTAACAAGCAGGAGTTTGGCTGGTTGATTCCA
ATGCAGTTGATGAGCTATCCACTCTCCGAAGGGCAACTGGACCAGAAGACAGCCATGTCA
CTCCTGTGGAAGTCCTATCCCCTTGTTTGCATTGCTAAGGAACTGATTCCAGAAGCCACT
GAGAAATACTTAGGAGGAACAGACGACACTGTCAAAAAGAAAGACCTGTTCCTGGACTTG
ATAGCAGATGTGATGTTTGGTGTCCCATCTGTGATTGTGGCCCGGAACCACAGAGATGCT
GGAGCACCCACCTACATGTATGAGTTTCAGTACCGTCCAAGCTTCTCATCAGACATGAAA
CCCAAGACGGTGATAGGAGACCACGGGGATGAGCTCTTCTCCGTCTTTGGGGCCCCATTT
TTAAAAGAGGGTGCCTCAGAAGAGGAGATCAGACTTAGCAAGATGGTGATGAAATTCTGG
GCCAACTTTGCTCGCAATGGAAACCCCAATGGGGAAGGGCTGCCCCACTGGCCAGAGTAC
AACCAGAAGGAAGGGTATCTGCAGATTGGTGCCAACACCCAGGCGGCCCAGAAGCTGAAG
GACAAAGAAGTAGCTTTCTGGACCAACCTCTTTGCCAAGAAGGCAGTGGAGAAGCCACCC
CAGACAGAACACATAGAGCTGTGA
Enzyme 25 GenBank Gene ID M73499 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GeneCard ID CES1 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GenAtlas ID CES1 Link Image
Enzyme 25 HGNC ID HGNC:1863 Link Image
Enzyme 25 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 25 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 25 General References
  1. Munger JS, Shi GP, Mark EA, Chin DT, Gerard C, Chapman HA: A serine esterase released by human alveolar macrophages is closely related to liver microsomal carboxylesterases. J Biol Chem. 1991 Oct 5;266(28):18832-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kroetz DL, McBride OW, Gonzalez FJ: Glycosylation-dependent activity of baculovirus-expressed human liver carboxylesterases: cDNA cloning and characterization of two highly similar enzyme forms. Biochemistry. 1993 Nov 2;32(43):11606-17. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Shibata F, Takagi Y, Kitajima M, Kuroda T, Omura T: Molecular cloning and characterization of a human carboxylesterase gene. Genomics. 1993 Jul;17(1):76-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Becker A, Bottcher A, Lackner KJ, Fehringer P, Notka F, Aslanidis C, Schmitz G: Purification, cloning, and expression of a human enzyme with acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase activity, which is identical to liver carboxylesterase. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994 Aug;14(8):1346-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ghosh S: Cholesteryl ester hydrolase in human monocyte/macrophage: cloning, sequencing, and expression of full-length cDNA. Physiol Genomics. 2000 Jan 24;2(1):1-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Mori M, Hosokawa M, Ogasawara Y, Tsukada E, Chiba K: cDNA cloning, characterization and stable expression of novel human brain carboxylesterase. FEBS Lett. 1999 Sep 10;458(1):17-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Long RM, Calabrese MR, Martin BM, Pohl LR: Cloning and sequencing of a human liver carboxylesterase isoenzyme. Life Sci. 1991;48(11):PL43-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Zschunke F, Salmassi A, Kreipe H, Buck F, Parwaresch MR, Radzun HJ: cDNA cloning and characterization of human monocyte/macrophage serine esterase-1. Blood. 1991 Jul 15;78(2):506-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Riddles PW, Richards LJ, Bowles MR, Pond SM: Cloning and analysis of a cDNA encoding a human liver carboxylesterase. Gene. 1991 Dec 15;108(2):289-92. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 25 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 26 [top]
Enzyme 26 ID 5745
Enzyme 26 Name Carboxylesterase 2 precursor
Enzyme 26 Synonyms
  1. CE-2
  2. hCE-2
Enzyme 26 Gene Name CES2
Enzyme 26 Protein Sequence >Carboxylesterase 2 precursor
MRLHRLRARLSAVACGLLLLLVRGQGQDSASPIRTTHTGQVLGSLVHVKGANAGVQTFLG
IPFAKPPLGPLRFAPPEPPESWSGVRDGTTHPAMCLQDLTAVESEFLSQFNMTFPSDSMS
EDCLYLSIYTPAHSHEGSNLPVMVWIHGGALVFGMASLYDGSMLAALENVVVVIIQYRLG
VLGFFSTGDKHATGNWGYLDQVAALRWVQQNIAHFGGNPDRVTIFGESAGGTSVSSLVVS
PISQGLFHGAIMESGVALLPGLIASSADVISTVVANLSACDQVDSEALVGCLRGKSKEEI
LAINKPFKMIPGVVDGVFLPRHPQELLASADFQPVPSIVGVNNNEFGWLIPKVMRIYDTQ
KEMDREASQAALQKMLTLLMLPPTFGDLLREEYIGDNGDPQTLQAQFQEMMADSMFVIPA
LQVAHFQCSRAPVYFYEFQHQPSWLKNIRPPHMKADHGDELPFVFRSFFGGNYIKFTEEE
EQLSRKMMKYWANFARNGNPNGEGLPHWPLFDQEEQYLQLNLQPAVGRALKAHRLQFWKK
ALPQKIQELEEPEERHTEL
Enzyme 26 Number of Residues 559
Enzyme 26 Molecular Weight 61808
Enzyme 26 Theoretical pI 6.03
Enzyme 26 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 26 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 26 Specific Function Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Shows high catalytic efficiency for hydrolysis of 4-methyumbelliferyl acetate, heroin and 6-monoacetylmorphine
Enzyme 26 Pathways
Enzyme 26 Reactions
  • A carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 26 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 26 Signals
  • 1-26
Enzyme 26 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 26 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 26 GenBank ID Protein 2058318 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00748 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name EST2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 26 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 26 Gene Sequence >1680 bp
ATGCGGCTGCACAGACTTCGTGCGCGGCTGAGCGCGGTGGCCTGTGGGCTTCTGCTGCTT
CTTGTCCGGGGCCAGGGCCAGGACTCAGCCAGTCCCATCCGGACCACACACACGGGGCAG
GTGCTGGGGAGTCTTGTCCATGTGAAGGGCGCCAATGCCGGGGTCCAAACCTTCCTGGGA
ATTCCATTTGCCAAGCCACCTCTAGGTCCGCTGCGATTTGCACCCCCTGAGCCCCCTGAA
TCTTGGAGTGGTGTGAGGGATGGAACCACCCATCCGGCCATGTGTCTACAGGACCTCACC
GCAGTGGAGTCAGAGTTTCTTAGCCAGTTCAACATGACCTTCCCTTCCGACTCCATGTCT
GAGGACTGCCTGTACCTCAGCATCTACACGCCGGCCCATAGCCATGAAGGCTCTAACCTG
CCGGTGATGGTGTGGATCCACGGTGGTGCGCTTGTTTTTGGCATGGCTTCCTTGTATGAT
GGTTCCATGCTGGCTGCCTTGGAGAACGTGGTGGTGGTCATCATCCAGTACCGCCTGGGT
GTCCTGGGCTTCTTCAGCACTGGAGACAAGCACGCAACCGGCAACTGGGGCTACCTGGAC
CAAGTGGCTGCACTACGCTGGGTCCAGCAGAATATCGCCCACTTTGGAGGCAACCCTGAC
CGTGTCACCATTTTTGGCGAGTCTGCGGGTGGCACGAGTGTGTCTTCGCTTGTTGTGTCC
CCCATATCCCAAGGACTCTTCCACGGAGCCATCATGGAGAGTGGCGTGGCCCTCCTGCCC
GGCCTCATTGCCAGCTCAGCTGATGTCATCTCCACGGTGGTGGCCAACCTGTCTGCCTGT
GACCAAGTTGACTCTGAGGCCCTGGTGGGCTGCCTGCGGGGCAAGAGTAAAGAGGAGATT
CTTGCAATTAACAAGCCTTTCAAGATGATCCCCGGAGTGGTGGATGGGGTCTTCCTGCCC
AGGCACCCCCAGGAGCTGCTGGCCTCTGCCGACTTTCAGCCTGTCCCTAGCATTGTTGGT
GTCAACAACAATGAATTCGGCTGGCTCATCCCCAAGGTCATGAGGATCTATGATACCCAG
AAGGAAATGGACAGAGAGGCCTCCCAGGCTGCTCTGCAGAAAATGTTAACGCTGCTGATG
TTGCCTCCTACATTTGGTGACCTGCTGAGGGAGGAGTACATTGGGGACAATGGGGATCCC
CAGACCCTCCAAGCGCAGTTCCAGGAGATGATGGCGGACTCCATGTTTGTGATCCCTGCA
CTCCAAGTAGCACATTTTCAGTGTTCCCGGGCCCCTGTGTACTTCTACGAGTTCCAGCAT
CAGCCCAGCTGGCTCAAGAACATCAGGCCACCGCACATGAAGGCAGACCATGGTGATGAG
CTTCCTTTTGTTTTCAGAAGTTTCTTTGGGGGCAACTACATTAAATTCACTGAGGAAGAG
GAGCAGCTAAGCAGGAAGATGATGAAGTACTGGGCCAACTTTGCGAGAAATGGGAACCCC
AATGGCGAGGGTCTGCCACACTGGCCGCTGTTCGACCAGGAGGAGCAATACCTGCAGCTG
AACCTACAGCCTGCGGTGGGCCGGGCTCTGAAGGCCCACAGGCTCCAGTTCTGGAAGAAG
GCGCTGCCCCAAAAGATCCAGGAGCTCGAGGAGCCTGAAGAGAGACACACAGAGCTGTAG
Enzyme 26 GenBank Gene ID Y09616 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GeneCard ID CES2 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GenAtlas ID CES2 Link Image
Enzyme 26 HGNC ID HGNC:1864 Link Image
Enzyme 26 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 26 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 26 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 26 General References
  1. Schwer H, Langmann T, Daig R, Becker A, Aslanidis C, Schmitz G: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel putative carboxylesterase, present in human intestine and liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Apr 7;233(1):117-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Pindel EV, Kedishvili NY, Abraham TL, Brzezinski MR, Zhang J, Dean RA, Bosron WF: Purification and cloning of a broad substrate specificity human liver carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine and heroin. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 6;272(23):14769-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Saito S, Iida A, Sekine A, Kawauchi S, Higuchi S, Ogawa C, Nakamura Y: Catalog of 680 variations among eight cytochrome p450 ( CYP) genes, nine esterase genes, and two other genes in the Japanese population. J Hum Genet. 2003;48(5):249-70. Epub 2003 Apr 29. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 26 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 27 [top]
Enzyme 27 ID 5774
Enzyme 27 Name Cholinesterase precursor
Enzyme 27 Synonyms
  1. Acylcholine acylhydrolase
  2. Choline esterase II
  3. Butyrylcholine esterase
  4. Pseudocholinesterase
Enzyme 27 Gene Name BCHE
Enzyme 27 Protein Sequence >Cholinesterase precursor
MHSKVTIICIRFLFWFLLLCMLIGKSHTEDDIIIATKNGKVRGMNLTVFGGTVTAFLGIP
YAQPPLGRLRFKKPQSLTKWSDIWNATKYANSCCQNIDQSFPGFHGSEMWNPNTDLSEDC
LYLNVWIPAPKPKNATVLIWIYGGGFQTGTSSLHVYDGKFLARVERVIVVSMNYRVGALG
FLALPGNPEAPGNMGLFDQQLALQWVQKNIAAFGGNPKSVTLFGESAGAASVSLHLLSPG
SHSLFTRAILQSGSFNAPWAVTSLYEARNRTLNLAKLTGCSRENETEIIKCLRNKDPQEI
LLNEAFVVPYGTPLSVNFGPTVDGDFLTDMPDILLELGQFKKTQILVGVNKDEGTAFLVY
GAPGFSKDNNSIITRKEFQEGLKIFFPGVSEFGKESILFHYTDWVDDQRPENYREALGDV
VGDYNFICPALEFTKKFSEWGNNAFFYYFEHRSSKLPWPEWMGVMHGYEIEFVFGLPLER
RDNYTKAEEILSRSIVKRWANFAKYGNPNETQNNSTSWPVFKSTEQKYLTLNTESTRIMT
KLRAQQCRFWTSFFPKVLEMTGNIDEAEWEWKAGFHRWNNYMMDWKNQFNDYTSKKESCV
GL
Enzyme 27 Number of Residues 602
Enzyme 27 Molecular Weight 68419
Enzyme 27 Theoretical pI 7.47
Enzyme 27 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cholinesterase activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
Component
Enzyme 27 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 27 Specific Function An acylcholine + H(2)O = choline + a carboxylate
Enzyme 27 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 27 Reactions
  • An acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylate
Enzyme 27 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 27 Signals
  • 1-28
Enzyme 27 Transmembrane Regions
  • 45-67
Enzyme 27 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 27 GenBank ID Protein 1311630 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P06276 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CHLE_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 27 PDB ID 1P0Q Link Image
Enzyme 27 PDB File Show
Enzyme 27 3D Structure
Enzyme 27 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Gene Sequence >1809 bp
ATGCATAGCAAAGTCACAATCATATGCATCAGATTTCTCTTTTGGTTTCTTTTGCTCTGC
ATGCTTATTGGGAAGTCACATACTGAAGATGACATCATAATTGCAACAAAGAATGGAAAA
GTCAGAGGGATGAACTTGACAGTTTTTGGTGGCACGGTAACAGCCTTTCTTGGAATTCCC
TATGCACAGCCACCTCTTGGTAGACTTCGATTCAAAAAGCCACAGTCTCTGACCAAGTGG
TCTGATATTTGGAATGCCACAAAATATGCAAATTCTTGCTGTCAGAACATAGATCAAAGT
TTTCCAGGCTTCCATGGATCAGAGATGTGGAACCCAAACACTGACCTCAGTGAAGACTGT
TTATATCTAAATGTATGGATTCCAGCACCTAAACCAAAAAATGCCACTGTATTGATATGG
ATTTATGGTGGTGGTTTTCAAACTGGAACATCATCTTTACATGTTTATGATGGCAAGTTT
CTGGCTCGGGTTGAAAGAGTTATTGTAGTGTCAATGAACTATAGGGTGGGTGCCCTAGGA
TTCTTAGCTTTGCCAGGAAATCCTGAGGCTCCAGGGAACATGGGTTTATTTGATCAACAG
TTGGCTCTTCAGTGGGTTCAAAAAAATATAGCAGCCTTTGGTGGAAATCCTAAAAGTGTA
ACTCTCTTTGGAGAAAGTGCAGGAGCAGCTTCAGTTAGCCTGCATTTGCTTTCTCCTGGA
AGCCATTCATTGTTCACCAGAGCCATTCTGCAAAGTGGATCCTTTAATGCTCCTTGGGCG
GTAACATCTCTTTATGAAGCTAGGAACAGAACGTTGAACTTAGCTAAATTGACTGGTTGC
TCTAGAGAGAATGAGACTGAAATAATCAAGTGTCTTAGAAATAAAGATCCCCAAGAAATT
CTTCTGAATGAAGCATTTGTTGTCCCCTATGGGACTCCTTTGTCAGTAAACTTTGGTCCG
ACCGTGGATGGTGATTTTCTCACTGACATGCCAGACATATTACTTGAACTTGGACAATTT
AAAAAAACCCAGATTTTGGTGGGTGTTAATAAAGATGAAGGGACAGCTTTTTTAGTCTAT
GGTGCTCCTGGCTTCAGCAAAGATAACAATAGTATCATAACTAGAAAAGAATTTCAGGAA
GGTTTAAAAATATTTTTTCCAGGAGTGAGTGAGTTTGGAAAGGAATCCATCCTTTTTCAT
TACACAGACTGGGTAGATGATCAGAGACCTGAAAACTACCGTGAGGCCTTGGGTGATGTT
GTTGGGGATTATAATTTCATATGCCCTGCCTTGGAGTTCACCAAGAAGTTCTCAGAATGG
GGAAATAATGCCTTTTTCTACTATTTTGAACACCGATCCTCCAAACTTCCGTGGCCAGAA
TGGATGGGAGTGATGCATGGCTATGAAATTGAATTTGTCTTTGGTTTACCTCTGGAAAGA
AGAGATAATTACACAAAAGCCGAGGAAATTTTGAGTAGATCCATAGTGAAACGTTGGGCA
AATTTTGCAAAATATGGGAATCCAAATGAGACTCAGAACAATAGCACAAGCTGGCCTGTC
TTCAAAAGCACTGAACAAAAATATCTAACCTTGAATACAGAGTCAACAAGAATAATGACG
AAACTACGTGCTCAACAATGTCGATTCTGGACATCATTTTTTCCAAAAGTCTTGGAAATG
ACAGGAAATATTGATGAAGCAGAATGGGAGTGGAAAGCAGGATTCCATCGCTGGAACAAT
TACATGATGGACTGGAAAAATCAATTTAACGATTACACTAGCAAGAAAGAAAGTTGTGTG
GGTCTCTAA
Enzyme 27 GenBank Gene ID M32391 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GeneCard ID BCHE Link Image
Enzyme 27 GenAtlas ID BCHE Link Image
Enzyme 27 HGNC ID HGNC:983 Link Image
Enzyme 27 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 27 Locus 3q26.1-q26.2
Enzyme 27 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 27 General References
  1. Arpagaus M, Kott M, Vatsis KP, Bartels CF, La Du BN, Lockridge O: Structure of the gene for human butyrylcholinesterase. Evidence for a single copy. Biochemistry. 1990 Jan 9;29(1):124-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Prody CA, Zevin-Sonkin D, Gnatt A, Goldberg O, Soreq H: Isolation and characterization of full-length cDNA clones coding for cholinesterase from fetal human tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(11):3555-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. McTiernan C, Adkins S, Chatonnet A, Vaughan TA, Bartels CF, Kott M, Rosenberry TL, La Du BN, Lockridge O: Brain cDNA clone for human cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6682-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lockridge O, Bartels CF, Vaughan TA, Wong CK, Norton SE, Johnson LL: Complete amino acid sequence of human serum cholinesterase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 15;262(2):549-57. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Lockridge O, Adkins S, La Du BN: Location of disulfide bonds within the sequence of human serum cholinesterase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Sep 25;262(27):12945-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Lockridge O: Structure of human serum cholinesterase. Bioessays. 1988 Oct;9(4):125-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. McGuire MC, Nogueira CP, Bartels CF, Lightstone H, Hajra A, Van der Spek AF, Lockridge O, La Du BN: Identification of the structural mutation responsible for the dibucaine-resistant (atypical) variant form of human serum cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):953-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Iida S, Kinoshita M, Fujii H, Moriyama Y, Nakamura Y, Yura N, Moriwaki K: Mutations of human butyrylcholinesterase gene in a family with hypocholinesterasemia. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(4):349-51. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 27 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 28 [top]
Enzyme 28 ID 5778
Enzyme 28 Name Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma precursor
Enzyme 28 Synonyms
  1. cPLA2-gamma
  2. Phospholipase A2 group IVC
Enzyme 28 Gene Name PLA2G4C
Enzyme 28 Protein Sequence >Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma precursor
MGSSEVSIIPGLQKEEKAAVERRRLHVLKALKKLRIEADEAPVVAVLGSGGGLRAHIACL
GVLSEMKEQGLLDAVTYLAGVSGSTWAISSLYTNDGDMEALEADLKHRFTRQEWDLAKSL
QKTIQAARSENYSLTDFWAYMVISKQTRELPESHLSNMKKPVEEGTLPYPIFAAIDNDLQ
PSWQEARAPETWFEFTPHHAGFPALGAFVSITHFGSKFKKGRLVRTHPERDLTFLRGLWG
SALGNTEVIREYIFDQLRNLTLKGLWRRAVANAKSIGHLIFARLLRLQESSQGEHPPPED
EGGEPEHTWLTEMLENWTRTSLEKQEQPHEDPERKGSLSNLMDFVKKTGICASKWEWGTT
HNFLYKHGGIRDKIMSSRKHLHLVDAGLAINTPFPLVLPPTREVHLILSFDFSAGDPFET
IRATTDYCRRHKIPFPQVEEAELDLWSKAPASCYILKGETGPVVMHFPLFNIDACGGDIE
AWSDTYDTFKLADTYTLDVVVLLLALAKKNVRENKKKILRELMNVAGLYYPKDSARSCCL
A
Enzyme 28 Number of Residues 541
Enzyme 28 Molecular Weight 60949
Enzyme 28 Theoretical pI 6.93
Enzyme 28 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • cellular lipid metabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • membrane lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • phospholipid catabolism
  • phospholipid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 28 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 28 Specific Function Has a preference for arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position of phosphatidylcholine as compared with palmitic acid
Enzyme 28 Pathways
Enzyme 28 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 28 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 28 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 28 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 28 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 28 GenBank ID Protein 3452315 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9UP65 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA24C_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 28 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 28 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 28 Gene Sequence >1626 bp
ATGGGAAGCTCTGAAGTTTCCATAATTCCTGGGCTCCAGAAAGAAGAAAAGGCGGCCGTG
GAGAGACGAAGACTTCATGTGCTGAAAGCTCTGAAGAAGCTAAGGATTGAGGCTGATGAG
GCCCCAGTTGTTGCTGTGCTGGGCTCAGGCGGAGGACTGCGGGCTCACATTGCCTGCCTT
GGGGTCCTGAGTGAGATGAAAGAACAGGGCCTGTTGGATGCCGTCACGTACCTCGCAGGG
GTCTCTGGATCCACTTGGGCAATATCTTCTCTCTACACCAATGATGGTGACATGGAAGCT
CTCGAGGCTGACCTGAAACATCGATTTACCCGACAGGAGTGGGACTTGGCTAAGAGCCTA
CAGAAAACCATCCAAGCAGCGAGGTCTGAGAATTACTCTCTGACCGACTTCTGGGCCTAC
ATGGTTATCTCTAAGCAAACCAGAGAACTGCCGGAGTCTCATTTGTCCAATATGAAGAAG
CCCGTGGAAGAAGGGACACTACCCTACCCAATATTTGCAGCCATTGACAATGACCTGCAA
CCTTCCTGGCAGGAGGCAAGAGCACCAGAGACCTGGTTCGAGTTCACCCCTCACCACGCT
GGCTTCTCTGCACTGGGGGCCTTTGTTTCCATAACCCACTTCGGAAGCAAATTCAAGAAG
GGAAGACTGGTCAGAACTCACCCTGAGAGAGACCTGACTTTCCTGAGAGGTTTATGGGGA
AGTGCTCTTGGTAACACTGAAGTCATTAGGGAATACATTTTTGACCAGTTAAGGAATCTG
ACCCTGAAAGGTTTATGGAGAAGGGCTGTTGCTAATGCTAAAAGCATTGGACACCTTATT
TTTGCCCGATTACTGAGGCTGCAAGAAAGTTCACAAGGGGAACATCCTCCCCCAGAAGAT
GAAGGCGGTGAGCCTGAACACACCTGGCTGACTGAGATGCTCGAGAATTGGACCAGGACC
TCCCTGGAAAAGCAGGAGCAGCCCCATGAGGACCCCGAAAGGAAAGGCTCACTCAGTAAC
TTGATGGATTTTGTGAAGAAAACAGGCATTTGCGCTTCAAAGTGGGAATGGGGGACCACT
CACAACTTCCTGTACAAACACGGTGGCATCCGGGACAAGATAATGAGCAGCCGGAAGCAC
CTCCACCTGGTGGATGCTGGTTTAGCCATCAACACTCCCTTCCCACTCGTGCTGCCCCCG
ACGCGGGAGGTTCACCTCATCCTCTCCTTCGACTTCAGTGCCGGAGATCCTTTCGAGACC
ATCCGGGCTACCACTGACTACTGCCGCCGCCACAAGATCCCCTTTCCCCAAGTAGAAGAG
GCTGAGCTGGATTTGTGGTCCAAGGCCCCCGCCAGCTGCTACATCCTGAAAGGAGAAACT
GGACCAGTGGTGATACATTTTCCCCTGTTCAACATAGATGCCTGTGGAGGTGATATTGAG
GCATGGAGTGACACATACGACACATTCAAGCTTGCTGACACCTACACTCTAGATGTGGTG
GTGCTACTCTTGGCATTAGCCAAGAAGAATGTCAGGGAAAACAAGAAGAAGATCCTTAGA
GAGTTGATGAACGTGGCCGGGCTCTACTACCCGAAGGATAGTGCCCGAAGTTGCTGCTTG
GCATAG
Enzyme 28 GenBank Gene ID AF058921 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GeneCard ID PLA2G4C Link Image
Enzyme 28 GenAtlas ID PLA2G4C Link Image
Enzyme 28 HGNC ID HGNC:9037 Link Image
Enzyme 28 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 28 Locus 19q13.3
Enzyme 28 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 28 General References
  1. Underwood KW, Song C, Kriz RW, Chang XJ, Knopf JL, Lin LL: A novel calcium-independent phospholipase A2, cPLA2-gamma, that is prenylated and contains homology to cPLA2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21926-32. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Pickard RT, Strifler BA, Kramer RM, Sharp JD: Molecular cloning of two new human paralogs of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 26;274(13):8823-31. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 28 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 29 [top]
Enzyme 29 ID 5781
Enzyme 29 Name Hormone-sensitive lipase
Enzyme 29 Synonyms
  1. HSL
Enzyme 29 Gene Name LIPE
Enzyme 29 Protein Sequence >Hormone-sensitive lipase
MEPGSKSVSRSDWQPEPHQRPITPLEPGPEKTPIAQPESKTLQGSNTQQKPASNQRPLTQ
QETPAQHDAESQKEPRAQQKSASQEEFLAPQKPAPQQSPYIQRVLLTQQEAASQQGPGLG
KESITQQEPALRQRHVAQPGPGPGEPPPAQQEAESTPAAQAKPGAKREPSAPTESTSQET
PEQSDKQTTPVQGAKSKQGSLTELGFLTKLQELSIQRSALEWKALSEWVTDSESESDVGS
SSDTDSPATMGGMVAQGVKLGFKGKSGYKVMSGYSGTSPHEKTSARNHRHYQDTASRLIH
NMDLRTMTQSLVTLAEDNIAFFSSQGPGETAQRLSGVFAGVREQALGLEPALGRLLGVAH
LFDLDPETPANGYRSLVHTARCCLAHLLHKSRYVASNRRSIFFRTSHNLAELEAYLAALT
QLRALVYYAQRLLVTNRPGVLFFEGDEGLTADFLREYVTLHKGCFYGRCLGFQFTPAIRP
FLQTISIGLVSFGEHYKRNETGLSVAASSLFTSGRFAIDPELRGAEFERITQNLDVHFWK
AFWNITEMEVLSSLANMASATVRVSRLLSLPPEAFEMPLTADPTLTVTISPPLAHTGPGP
VLVRLISYDLREGQDSEELSSLIKSNGQRSLELWPRPQQAPRSRSLIVHFHGGGFVAQTS
RSHEPYLKSWAQELGAPIISIDYSLAPEAPFPRALEECFFAYCWAIKHCALLGSTGERIC
LAGDSAGGNLCFTVALRAAAYGVRVPDGIMAAYPATMLQPAASPSRLLSLMDPLLPLSVL
SKCVSAYAGAKTEDHSNSDQKALGMMGLVRRDTALLLRDFRLGASSWLNSFLELSGRKSQ
KMSEPIAEPMRRSVSEAALAQPQGPLGTDSLKNLTLRDLSLRGNSETSSDTPEMSLSAET
LSPSTPSDVNFLLPPEDAGEEAEAKNELSPMDRGLGVRAAFPEGFHPRRSSQGATQMPLY
SSPIVKNPFMSPLLAPDSMLKSLPPVHIVACALDPMLDDSVMLARRLRNLGQPVTLRVVE
DLPHGFLTLAALCRETRQAAELCVERIRLVLTPPAGAGPSGETGAAGVDGGCGGRH
Enzyme 29 Number of Residues 1076
Enzyme 29 Molecular Weight 116599
Enzyme 29 Theoretical pI 6.68
Enzyme 29 GO Classification
Function
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • lipase activity
Process
  • alcohol metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • cholesterol metabolism
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
  • sterol metabolism
Component
Enzyme 29 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 29 Specific Function In adipose tissue and heart, it primarily hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids, while in steroidogenic tissues, it principally converts cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol for steroid hormone production
Enzyme 29 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 29 Reactions
  • (1) diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate
  • (2) triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate
  • (3) monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate
Enzyme 29 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 29 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 29 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 29 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 29 GenBank ID Protein 896476 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q05469 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LIPS_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 29 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 29 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 29 Gene Sequence >2328 bp
ATGGACCTGCGCACAATGACACAGTCGCTGGTGACTCTGGCGGAGGACAACATAGCCTTC
TTCTCGAGCCAGGGTCCTGGGGAAACGGCCCAGCGGCTGTCAGGCGTTTTTGCCGGTGTA
CGGGAGCAGGCGCTGGGGCTGGAGCCGGCCCTGGGCCGCCTGCTGGGTGTGGCGCACCTC
TTTGACCTGGACCCAGAGACACCGGCCAACGGGTACCGCAGCCTAGTGCACACAGCCCGC
TGCTGCCTGGCGCACCTCCTGCACAAATCCCGCTATGTGGCCTCCAACCGCCGCAGCATC
TTCTTCCGCACCAGCCACAACCTGGCCGAGCTGGAGGCCTACCTGGCTGCCCTCACCCAG
CTCCGCGCTCTGGTCTACTACGCCCAGCGCCTGCTGGTTACCAATCGGCCGGGGGTACTC
TTCTTTGAGGGCGACGAGGGGCTCACCGCCGACTTCCTCCGGGAGTATGTCACGCTGCAT
AAGGGATGCTTCTATGGCCGCTGCCTGGGCTTCCAGTTCACGCCTGCCATCCGGCCATTC
CTGCAGACCATCTCCATTGGGCTGGTGTCCTTCGGGGAGCACTACAAACGCAACGAGACA
GGCCTCAGTGTGGCCGCCAGCTCTCTCTTCACCAGCGGCCGCTTTGCCATCGACCCCGAG
CTGCGTGGGGCTGAGTTTGAGCGGATCACACAGAACCTGGACGTGCACTTCTGGAAAGCC
TTCTGGAACATCACCGAGATGGAAGTGCTATCGTCTCTGGCCAACATGGCATCGGCCACC
GTGAGGGTAAGCCGCCTGCTCAGCCTGCCACCCGAAGCCTTTGAGATGCCACTGACTGCC
GACCCCACGCTCACGGTCACCATCTCACCCCCACTGGCCCACACAGGCCCTGGGCCCGTC
CTCGTCAGGCTCATCTCCTATGACCTGCGTGAAGGACAGGACAGTGAGGAGCTCAGCAGC
CTGATAAAGTCCAACGGCCAACGGAGCCTGGAGCTGTGGCCGCGCCCCCAGCAGGCACCC
CGCTCGCGGTCCCTGATAGTGCACTTCCACGGCGGTGGCTTTGTGGCCCAGACCTCCAGA
TCCCACGAGCCCTACCTCAAGAGCTGGGCCCAGGAGCTGGGCGCCCCCATCATCTCCATC
GACTACTCCCTGGCCCCTGAGGCCCCCTTCCCCCGTGCGCTGGAGGAGTGCTTCTTCGCC
TACTGCTGGGCCATCAAGCACTGCGCCCTCCTTGGCTCAACAGGGGAACGAATCTGCCTT
GCGGGGGACAGTGCAGGCGGGAACCTCTGCTTCACCGTGGCTCTTCGGGCAGCAGCCTAC
GGGGTGCGGGTGCCAGATGGCATCATGGCAGCCTACCCGGCCACAATGCTGCAGCCTGCC
GCCTCTCCCTCCCGCCTGCTGAGCCTCATGGACCCCTTGCTGCCCCTCAGTGTGCTCTCC
AAGTGTGTCAGCGCCTATGCTGGTGCAAAGACGGAGGACCACTCCAACTCAGACCAGAAA
GCCCTCGGCATGATGGGGCTGGTGCGGCGGGACACAGCCCTGCTCCTCCGAGACTTCCGC
CTGGGTGCCTCCTCATGGCTCAACTCCTTCCTGGAGTTAAGTGGGCGCAAGTCCCAGAAG
ATGTCGGAGCCCATAGCAGAGCCGATGCGCCGCAGTGTGTCTGAAGCAGCACTGGCCCAG
CCCCAGGGCCCACTGGGCACGGATTCCCTCAAGAACCTGACCCTGAGGGACTTGAGCCTG
AGGGGAAACTCCGAGACGTCGTCGGACACCCCCGAGATGTCGCTGTCAGCTGAGACACTT
AGCCCCTCCACACCCTCCGATGTCAACTTCTTATTACCACCTGAGGATGCAGGGGAAGAG
GCTGAGGCCAAAAATGAGCTGAGCCCCATGGACAGAGGCCTGGGCGTCCGTGCCGCCTTC
CCCGAGGGTTTCCACCCCCGACGCTCCAGCCAGGGTGCCACACAGATGCCCCTCTACTCC
TCACCCATAGTCAAGAACCCCTTCATGTCGCCGCTGCTGGCACCCGACAGCATGCTCAAG
AGCCTGCCACCTGTGCACATCGTGGCGTGCGCGCTGGACCCCATGCTGGACGACTCGGTC
ATGCTCGCGCGGCGACTGCGCAACCTGGGCCAGCCGGTGACGCTGCGCGTGGTGGAGGAC
CTGCCGCACGGCTTCCTGACCCTAGCGGCGCTGTGCCGCGAGACGCGCCAGGCCGCAGAG
CTGTGCGTGGAGCGCATCCGCCTCGTCCTCACTCCTCCCGCCGGAGCCGGGCCGAGCGGG
GAGACGGGGGCTGCGGGGGTAGACGGGGGCTGCGGGGGGCGACACTAA
Enzyme 29 GenBank Gene ID L11706 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GeneCard ID LIPE Link Image
Enzyme 29 GenAtlas ID LIPE Link Image
Enzyme 29 HGNC ID HGNC:6621 Link Image
Enzyme 29 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 29 Locus 19q13.2
Enzyme 29 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 29 General References
  1. Langin D, Laurell H, Holst LS, Belfrage P, Holm C: Gene organization and primary structure of human hormone-sensitive lipase: possible significance of a sequence homology with a lipase of Moraxella TA144, an antarctic bacterium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):4897-901. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Holst LS, Langin D, Mulder H, Laurell H, Grober J, Bergh A, Mohrenweiser HW, Edgren G, Holm C: Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and expression of a testicular isoform of hormone-sensitive lipase. Genomics. 1996 Aug 1;35(3):441-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 29 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 30 [top]
Enzyme 30 ID 5783
Enzyme 30 Name Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
Enzyme 30 Synonyms
  1. Group III secretory phospholipase A2
  2. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIII
  3. GIII sPLA2
Enzyme 30 Gene Name PLA2G3
Enzyme 30 Protein Sequence >Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2 precursor
MGVQAGLFGMLGFLGVALGGSPALRWYRTSCHLTKAVPGNPLGYLSFLAKDAQGLALIHA
RWDAHRRLQACSWEDEPELTAAYGALCAHETAWGSFIHTPGPELQRALATLQSQWEACRA
LEESPAGARKKRAAGQSGVPGGGHQREKRGWTMPGTLWCGVGDSAGNSSELGVFQGPDLC
CREHDRCPQNISPLQYNYGIRNYRFHTISHCDCDTRFQQCLQNQHDSISDIVGVAFFNVL
EIPCFVLEEQEACVAWYWWGGCRMYGTVPLARLQPRTFYNASWSSRATSPTPSSRSPAPP
KPRQKQHLRKGPPHQKGSKRPSKANTTALQDPMVSPRLDVAPTGLQGPQGGLKPQGARWV
CRSFRRHLDQCEHQIGPREIEFQLLNSAQEPLFHCNCTRRLARFLRLHSPPEVTNMLWEL
LGTTCFKLAPPLDCVEGKNCSRDPRAIRVSARHLRRLQQRRHQLQDKGTDERQPWPSEPL
RGPMSFYNQCLQLTQAARRPDRQQKSWSQ
Enzyme 30 Number of Residues 509
Enzyme 30 Molecular Weight 57152
Enzyme 30 Theoretical pI 9.23
Enzyme 30 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • calcium ion binding
  • carboxylic ester hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • lipase activity
  • phospholipase A2 activity
  • phospholipase activity
Process
  • cellular lipid metabolism
  • lipid catabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • membrane lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • phospholipid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
  • extracellular region
Enzyme 30 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 30 Specific Function PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2- acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Shows an 11-fold preference for phosphatidylglycerol over phosphatidylcholine
Enzyme 30 Pathways
Enzyme 30 Reactions
  • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
Enzyme 30 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 30 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 30 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 30 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 30 GenBank ID Protein 7274380 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NZ20 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PA2G3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 30 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 30 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Sequence >1530 bp
ATGGGGGTTCAGGCAGGGCTGTTTGGGATGCTGGGCTTCCTGGGGGTGGCCCTGGGGGGC
TCCCCTGCCCTCCGCTGGTACAGGACCTCCTGCCACTTGACCAAGGCCGTCCCTGGCAAC
CCACTGGGGTACCTGAGCTTCCTGGCCAAGGATGCTCAGGGACTGGCCCTGATCCATGCC
CGCTGGGATGCGCATAGGAGGCTGCAGGCATGTAGCTGGGAGGATGAGCCGGAGCTCACC
GCAGCCTACGGTGCTCTCTGTGCTCATGAGACTGCCTGGGGCTCCTTCATCCACACCCCC
GGACCCGAGCTGCAGAGAGCACTGGCCACTCTTCAGAGTCAGTGGGAGGCATGCCGAGCG
CTTGAGGAGAGTCCAGCAGGGGCCAGGAAGAAGCGAGCAGCAGGGCAGAGTGGAGTCCCT
GGTGGAGGGCACCAGCGAGAGAAGAGAGGATGGACCATGCCTGGCACACTGTGGTGTGGA
GTTGGAGATTCTGCTGGGAACTCCTCGGAGCTGGGGGTCTTCCAGGGACCTGATCTCTGT
TGCCGGGAACATGACCGCTGCCCACAGAACATCTCACCCTTGCAGTACAACTATGGCATC
CGAAACTACCGATTCCACACCATCTCCCACTGTGACTGTGACACCAGGTTTCAGCAATGC
CTACAGAATCAGCACGACTCCATCTCGGACATCGTGGGCGTGGCCTTCTTCAACGTGCTG
GAGATCCCCTGCTTTGTGCTGGAGGAGCAGGAGGCGTGTGTGGCGTGGTACTGGTGGGGC
GGGTGTAGGATGTACGGCACAGTGCCCCTCGCTCGCCTGCAGCCCAGGACCTTCTACAAT
GCCTCCTGGAGCTCCCGGGCCACCTCCCCAACTCCCAGCTCCCGGAGCCCAGCCCCTCCC
AAGCCTCGACAGAAGCAGCACCTTCGGAAGGGGCCACCACATCAGAAAGGGTCCAAGCGC
CCCAGCAAAGCCAACACCACAGCCCTCCAGGACCCTATGGTCTCTCCCAGGCTTGATGTG
GCCCCCACAGGCCTCCAGGGCCCACAGGGTGGCCTAAAACCTCAGGGTGCCCGCTGGGTC
TGCCGCAGCTTCCGCCGCCACCTGGACCAGTGTGAGCACCAGATTGGGCCCCGGGAAATC
GAGTTCCAGCTGCTCAACAGCGCCCAAGAGCCCCTCTTCCACTGCAACTGCACGCGCCGT
CTGGCACGCTTCCTGAGGCTCCACAGCCCACCCGAGGTTACCAACATGCTTTGGGAGCTG
CTGGGCACAACCTGCTTCAAGCTGGCCCCTCCACTGGACTGTGTGGAAGGCAAAAACTGT
TCCAGAGACCCTAGGGCCATCAGGGTGTCAGCCCGGCACTTGCGGAGGCTTCAGCAGAGG
CGACACCAGCTCCAGGATAAAGGCACAGATGAGAGGCAGCCATGGCCTTCAGAGCCCCTG
AGAGGCCCCATGTCATTCTACAACCAGTGCCTGCAGCTAACCCAGGCAGCCAGGAGACCC
GACAGGCAGCAGAAGTCCTGGAGCCAGTGA
Enzyme 30 GenBank Gene ID AF220490 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GeneCard ID PLA2G3 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GenAtlas ID PLA2G3 Link Image
Enzyme 30 HGNC ID HGNC:17934 Link Image
Enzyme 30 Chromosome Location 22
Enzyme 30 Locus 22q11.2-q13.2
Enzyme 30 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 30 General References
  1. Valentin E, Ghomashchi F, Gelb MH, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Novel human secreted phospholipase A(2) with homology to the group III bee venom enzyme. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 17;275(11):7492-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 30 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 31 [top]
Enzyme 31 ID 5821
Enzyme 31 Name Bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
Enzyme 31 Synonyms
  1. BAT
  2. BACAT
  3. Glycine N-choloyltransferase
  4. Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase
Enzyme 31 Gene Name BAAT
Enzyme 31 Protein Sequence >Bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
MIQLTATPVSALVDEPVHIRATGLIPFQMVSFQASLEDENGDMFYSQAHYRANEFGEVDL
NHASSLGGDYMGVHPMGLFWSLKPEKLLTRLLKRDVMNRPFQVQVKLYDLELIVNNKVAS
APKASLTLERWYVAPGVTRIKVREGRLRGALFLPPGEGLFPGVIDLFGGLGGLLEFRASL
LASRGFASLALAYHNYEDLPRKPEVTDLEYFEEAANFLLRHPKVFGSGVGVVSVCQGVQI
GLSMAIYLKQVTATVLINGTNFPFGIPQVYHGQIHQPLPHSAQLISTNALGLLELYRTFE
TTQVGASQYLFPIEEAQGQFLFIVGEGDKTINSKAHAEQAIGQLKRHGKNNWTLLSYPGA
GHLIEPPYSPLCCASTTHDLRLHWGGEVIPHAAAQEHAWKEIQRFLRKHLIPDVTSQL
Enzyme 31 Number of Residues 418
Enzyme 31 Molecular Weight 46300
Enzyme 31 Theoretical pI 7.00
Enzyme 31 GO Classification
Function
  • CoA hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity
  • thiolester hydrolase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 31 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 31 Specific Function Involved in bile acid metabolism. In liver hepatocytes catalyzes the second step in the conjugation of C24 bile acids (choloneates) to glycine and taurine before excretion into bile canaliculi. The major components of bile are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. In a first step the bile acids are converted to an acyl-CoA thioester, either in peroxisomes (primary bile acids deriving from the cholesterol pathway), or cytoplasmic at the endoplasmic reticulum (secondary bile acids). May catalyze the conjugation of primary or secondary bile acids, or both. The conjugation increases the detergent properties of bile acids in the intestine, which facilitates lipid and fat-soluble vitamin absorption. In turn, bile acids are deconjugated by bacteria in the intestine and are recycled back to the liver for reconjugation (secondary bile acids). May also act as an acyl-CoA thioesterase that regulates intracellular levels of free fatty acids. In vitro, catalyzes the hydrolysis of long- and very long-chain saturated acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), and conjugates glycine to these acyl-CoAs
Enzyme 31 Pathways
Enzyme 31 Reactions
  • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate
Enzyme 31 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 31 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 31 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 31 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 31 GenBank ID Protein 532505 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q14032 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name BAAT_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 31 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 31 Gene Sequence >1257 bp
ATGATCCAGTTGACAGCTACCCCTGTGAGTGCACTTGTTGATGAGCCAGTGCATATCCGA
GCTACAGGCCTGATTCCCTTTCAGATGGTGAGTTTTCAGGCATCACTGGAAGATGAAAAC
GGAGACATGTTTTATTCTCAAGCCCACTATAGGGCCAATGAATTCGGTGAGGTGGACCTG
AATCATGCTTCTTCACTTGGAGGGGATTATATGGGAGTCCACCCCATGGGTCTCTTCTGG
TCTCTGAAACCTGAAAAGCTATTAACAAGACTGTTGAAAAGAGATGTGATGAATAGGCCT
TTCCAGGTCCAAGTAAAACTTTATGACTTAGAGTTAATAGTGAACAATAAAGTTGCCAGT
GCTCCAAAGGCCAGCCTGACTTTGGAGAGGTGGTATGTGGCACCTGGTGTCACACGAATT
AAGGTTCGAGAAGGCCGCCTTCGAGGAGCTCTCTTTCTCCCTCCAGGAGAGGGTCTCTTC
CCAGGGGTAATTGATTTGTTTGGTGGTTTGGGTGGGCTGCTTGAATTTCGGGCCAGCCTC
CTAGCCAGTCGTGGCTTCGCCTCCTTGGCCTTGGCTTACCATAACTATGAAGACCTGCCC
CGCAAACCAGAAGTAACAGATTTGGAATATTTTGAGGAGGCTGCCAACTTTCTCCTGAGA
CATCCAAAGGTCTTTGGCTCAGGCGTTGGGGTAGTCTCTGTATGTCAAGGAGTACAGATT
GGACTATCTATGGCTATTTACCTAAAGCAAGTCACAGCCACGGTACTTATTAATGGGACC
AACTTTCCTTTTGGCATTCCACAGGTATATCATGGTCAGATCCATCAGCCCCTTCCCCAT
TCTGCACAATTAATATCCACCAATGCCTTGGGGTTACTAGAGCTCTATCGCACTTTTGAG
ACAACTCAAGTTGGGGCCAGTCAATATTTGTTTCCTATTGAAGAGGCCCAGGGGCAATTC
CTCTTCATTGTAGGAGAAGGTGATAAGACTATCAACAGCAAAGCACACGCTGAACAAGCC
ATAGGACAGCTGAAGAGACATGGGAAGAACAACTGGACCCTGCTATCTTACCCTGGGGCA
GGCCACCTGATAGAACCTCCCTATTCTCCTCTGTGCTGTGCCTCAACGACCCACGATTTG
AGGTTACACTGGGGAGGAGAGGTGATCCCACACGCAGCTGCACAGGAACATGCTTGGAAG
GAGATCCAGAGATTTCTCAGGAAGCACCTCATTCCAGATGTGACCAGTCAACTCTAA
Enzyme 31 GenBank Gene ID L34081 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GeneCard ID BAAT Link Image
Enzyme 31 GenAtlas ID BAAT Link Image
Enzyme 31 HGNC ID HGNC:932 Link Image
Enzyme 31 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 31 Locus 9q22.3
Enzyme 31 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 31 General References
  1. Falany CN, Johnson MR, Barnes S, Diasio RB: Glycine and taurine conjugation of bile acids by a single enzyme. Molecular cloning and expression of human liver bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jul 29;269(30):19375-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Carlton VE, Harris BZ, Puffenberger EG, Batta AK, Knisely AS, Robinson DL, Strauss KA, Shneider BL, Lim WA, Salen G, Morton DH, Bull LN: Complex inheritance of familial hypercholanemia with associated mutations in TJP2 and BAAT. Nat Genet. 2003 May;34(1):91-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 31 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 32 [top]
Enzyme 32 ID 5824
Enzyme 32 Name Acylphosphatase-2
Enzyme 32 Synonyms
  1. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 2
  2. Acylphosphatase, muscle type isozyme
Enzyme 32 Gene Name ACYP2
Enzyme 32 Protein Sequence >Acylphosphatase-2
MSTAQSLKSVDYEVFGRVQGVCFRMYTEDEARKIGVVGWVKNTSKGTVTGQVQGPEDKVN
SMKSWLSKVGSPSSRIDRTNFSNEKTISKLEYSNFSIRY
Enzyme 32 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 32 Molecular Weight 11140
Enzyme 32 Theoretical pI 10.01
Enzyme 32 GO Classification
Function
  • acylphosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides
Process
Component
Enzyme 32 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 32 Specific Function Its physiological role is not yet clear
Enzyme 32 Pathways
Enzyme 32 Reactions
  • An acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate
Enzyme 32 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 32 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 32 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 32 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 32 GenBank ID Protein 15341747 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14621 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACYP2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB ID 1APS Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB File Show
Enzyme 32 3D Structure
Enzyme 32 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Gene Sequence >300 bp
ATGTCTACCGCCCAGTCACTCAAATCCGTGGACTACGAGGTGTTCGGAAGAGTGCAGGGT
GTTTGCTTCAGAATGTATACAGAAGATGAAGCTAGGAAAATAGGAGTGGTTGGCTGGGTG
AAGAATACCAGCAAAGGCACCGTGACAGGCCAAGTGCAGGGGCCAGAAGACAAAGTCAAT
TCCATGAAGTCCTGGCTGAGCAAGGTTGGAAGCCCTAGTTCTCGCATTGACCGCACAAAC
TTTTCTAATGAAAAAACCATCTCTAAGCTTGAATACTCTAATTTTAGTATTAGATACTAA
Enzyme 32 GenBank Gene ID BC012290 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GeneCard ID ACYP2 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GenAtlas ID ACYP2 Link Image
Enzyme 32 HGNC ID HGNC:180 Link Image
Enzyme 32 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 32 Locus 2p16.2
Enzyme 32 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 32 General References
  1. Manao G, Camici G, Modesti A, Liguri G, Berti A, Stefani M, Cappugi G, Ramponi G: Human skeletal muscle acylphosphatase: the primary structure. Mol Biol Med. 1984 Dec;2(6):369-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Chiarugi P, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Fiaschi T, Ciccarelli C, Berti A, Ramponi G: Differential modulation of expression of the two acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone. Biochem J. 1995 Oct 15;311 ( Pt 2):567-73. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 32 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 33 [top]
Enzyme 33 ID 5825
Enzyme 33 Name Acylphosphatase-1
Enzyme 33 Synonyms
  1. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 1
  2. Acylphosphatase, organ-common type isozyme
  3. Acylphosphatase, erythrocyte isozyme
Enzyme 33 Gene Name ACYP1
Enzyme 33 Protein Sequence >Acylphosphatase-1
MAEGNTLISVDYEIFGKVQGVFFRKHTQAEGKKLGLVGWVQNTDRGTVQGQLQGPISKVR
HMQEWLETRGSPKSHIDKANFNNEKVILKLDYSDFQIVK
Enzyme 33 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 33 Molecular Weight 11261
Enzyme 33 Theoretical pI 9.94
Enzyme 33 GO Classification
Function
  • acylphosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides
Process
Component
Enzyme 33 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 33 Specific Function Its physiological role is not yet clear
Enzyme 33 Pathways
Enzyme 33 Reactions
  • An acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate
Enzyme 33 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 33 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 33 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 33 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 33 GenBank ID Protein 1834464 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P07311 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACYP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB ID 2ACY Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB File Show
Enzyme 33 3D Structure
Enzyme 33 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Gene Sequence >300 bp
ATGGCAGAGGGAAACACCCTGATATCAGTGGATTATGAAATTTTTGGGAAGGTGCAAGGG
GTGTTTTTCCGTAAGCATACTCAGGCTGAGGGTAAAAAGCTGGGATTGGTAGGCTGGGTC
CAGAACACTGACCGGGGCACAGTGCAAGGACAATTGCAAGGTCCAATCTCCAAGGTGCGT
CATATGCAGGAATGGCTTGAAACAAGAGGAAGTCCTAAATCACACATCGACAAAGCAAAC
TTCAACAATGAAAAAGTCATCTTGAAGTTGGATTACTCAGACTTCCAAATTGTAAAATAA
Enzyme 33 GenBank Gene ID X84194 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GeneCard ID ACYP1 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GenAtlas ID ACYP1 Link Image
Enzyme 33 HGNC ID HGNC:179 Link Image
Enzyme 33 Chromosome Location 14
Enzyme 33 Locus 14q24.3
Enzyme 33 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 33 General References
  1. Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Weissenbach J: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):601-7. Epub 2003 Jan 1. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Liguri G, Camici G, Manao G, Cappugi G, Nassi P, Modesti A, Ramponi G: A new acylphosphatase isoenzyme from human erythrocytes: purification, characterization, and primary structure. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 2;25(24):8089-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Fiaschi T, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Chiarugi P, Cirri P, Ramponi G: Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for the erythrocyte isoenzyme of human acylphosphatase. FEBS Lett. 1995 Jun 26;367(2):145-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 33 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 34 [top]
Enzyme 34 ID 5826
Enzyme 34 Name Aminoacylase-1
Enzyme 34 Synonyms
  1. N-acyl-L-amino-acid amidohydrolase
  2. ACY-1
Enzyme 34 Gene Name ACY1
Enzyme 34 Protein Sequence >Aminoacylase-1
MTSKGPEEEHPSVTLFRQYLRIRTVQPKPDYGAAVAFFEETARQLGLGCQKVEVAPGYVV
TVLTWPGTNPTLSSILLNSHTDVVPVFKEHWSHDPFEAFKDSEGYIYARGAQDMKCVSIQ
YLEAVRRLKVEGHRFPRTIHMTFVPDEEVGGHQGMELFVQRPEFHALRAGFALDEGIANP
TDAFTVFYSERSPWWVRVTSTGRPGHASRFMEDTAAEKLHKVVNSILAFREKEWQRLQSN
PHLKEGSVTSVNLTKLEGGVAYNVIPATMSASFDFRVAPDVDFKAFEEQLQSWCQAAGEG
VTLEFAQKWMHPQVTPTDDSNPWWAAFSRVCKDMNLTLEPEIMPAATDNRYIRAVGVPAL
GFSPMNRTPVLLHDHDERLHEAVFLRGVDIYTRLLPALASVPALPSDS
Enzyme 34 Number of Residues 408
Enzyme 34 Molecular Weight 45885
Enzyme 34 Theoretical pI 6.12
Enzyme 34 GO Classification
Function
  • aminoacylase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
  • hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides
  • metallopeptidase activity
  • peptidase activity
  • protein binding
  • protein dimerization activity
Process
  • amino acid and derivative metabolism
  • amino acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • cellular protein metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • protein metabolism
  • proteolysis
Component
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
Enzyme 34 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 34 Specific Function Involved in the hydrolysis of N-acylated or N-acetylated amino acids (except L-aspartate)
Enzyme 34 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 34 Reactions
  • An N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid
Enzyme 34 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 34 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 34 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 34 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 34 GenBank ID Protein 178071 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q03154 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACY1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 34 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 34 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Sequence >1227 bp
ATGACCAGCAAGGGTCCCGAGGAGGAGCACCCATCGGTGACGCTCTTCCGCCAGTACCTG
CGTATCCGCACTGTCCAGCCCAAGCCTGACTATGGAGCTGCTGTGGCTTTCTTTGAGGAG
ACAGCCCGCCAGCTGGGCCTGGGCTGTCAGAAAGTAGAGGTGGCACCTGGCTATGTGGTG
ACCGTGTTGACCTGGCCAGGCACCAACCCTACACTCTCCTCCATCTTGCTCAACTCCCAC
ACGGATGTGGTGCCTGTCTTCAAGGAACATTGGAGTCACGACCCCTTTGAGGCCTTCAAG
GATTCTGAGGGCTACATCTATGCCAGGGGTGCCCAGGACATGAAGTGCGTCAGCATCCAG
TACCTGGAAGCTGTGAGGAGGCTGAAGGTGGAGGGCCACCGGTTCCCCAGAACCATCCAC
ATGACCTTTGTGCCTGATGAGGAGGTTGGGGGTCACCAAGGCATGGAGCTGTTCGTGCAG
CGGCCTGAGTTCCACGCCCTGAGGGCAGGCTTTGCCCTGGATGAGGGCATAGCCAATCCC
ACTGATGCCTTCACTGTCTTTTATAGTGAGCGGAGTCCCTGGTGGGTGCGGGTTACCAGC
ACTGGGAGGCCAGGCCATGCCTCACGCTTCATGGAGGACACAGCAGCAGAGAAGCTGCAC
AAGGTTGTAAACTCCATCCTGGCATTCCGGGAGAAGGAATGGCAGAGGCTGCAGTCAAAC
CCCCACCTGAAAGAGGGGTCCGTGACCTCCGTGAACCTGACTAAGCTAGAGGGTGGCGTG
GCCTATAACGTGATACCTGCCACCATGAGCGCCAGCTTTGACTTCCGTGTGGCACCGGAT
GTGGACTTCAAGGCTTTTGAGGAGCAGCTGCAGAGCTGGTGCCAGGCAGCTGGCGAGGGG
GTCACCCTAGAGTTTGCTCAGAAGTGGATGCACCCCCAAGTGACACCTACTGATGACTCA
AACCCTTGGTGGGCAGCTTTTAGCCGGGTCTGCAAGGATATGAACCTCACTCTGGAGCCT
GAGATCATGCCTGCTGCCACTGACAACCGCTATATCCGCGCGGTGGGGGTCCCAGCTCTA
GGCTTCTCACCCATGAACCGCACACCTGTGCTGCTGCACGACCACGATGAACGGCTGCAT
GAGGCTGTGTTCCTCCGTGGGGTGGACATATATACACGCCTGCTGCCTGCCCTTGCCAGT
GTGCCTGCCCTGCCCAGTGACAGCTGA
Enzyme 34 GenBank Gene ID L07548 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GeneCard ID ACY1 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GenAtlas ID ACY1 Link Image
Enzyme 34 HGNC ID HGNC:177 Link Image
Enzyme 34 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 34 Locus 3p21.1
Enzyme 34 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 34 General References
  1. Mitta M, Kato I, Tsunasawa S: The nucleotide sequence of human aminoacylase-1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 19;1174(2):201-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Cook RM, Burke BJ, Buchhagen DL, Minna JD, Miller YE: Human aminoacylase-1. Cloning, sequence, and expression analysis of a chromosome 3p21 gene inactivated in small cell lung cancer. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 15;268(23):17010-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 34 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 35 [top]
Enzyme 35 ID 5827
Enzyme 35 Name Aspartoacylase
Enzyme 35 Synonyms
  1. Aminoacylase-2
  2. ACY-2
Enzyme 35 Gene Name ASPA
Enzyme 35 Protein Sequence >Aspartoacylase
MTSCHIAEEHIQKVAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVKHWLENGAEIQRTGLEVKPFITNPRAVKK
CTRYIDCDLNRIFDLENLGKKMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKDSEDSYDIIFDLHNTTS
NMGCTLILEDSRNNFLIQMFHYIKTSLAPLPCYVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVG
PQPQGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIHHFNEGKEFPPCAIEVYKIIEKVDYPRDENGEIA
AIIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPMFLTLDGKTIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTK
LTLNAKSIRCCLH
Enzyme 35 Number of Residues 313
Enzyme 35 Molecular Weight 35736
Enzyme 35 Theoretical pI 6.51
Enzyme 35 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 35 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 35 Specific Function Catalyzes the deacetylation of N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA) to produce acetate and L-aspartate. NAA occurs in high concentration in brain and its hydrolysis NAA plays a significant part in the maintenance of intact white matter. In other tissues it act as a scavenger of NAA from body fluids
Enzyme 35 Pathways
Enzyme 35 Reactions
  • N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate
Enzyme 35 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 35 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 35 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 35 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 35 GenBank ID Protein 455834 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P45381 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACY2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 35 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 35 Gene Sequence >942 bp
ATGACTTCTTGTCACATTGCTGAAGAACATATACAAAAGGTTGCTATCTTTGGAGGAACC
CATGGGAATGAGCTAACCGGAGTATTTCTGGTTAAGCATTGGCTAGAGAATGGCGCTGAG
ATTCAGAGAACAGGGCTGGAGGTAAAACCATTTATTACTAACCCCAGAGCAGTGAAGAAG
TGTACCAGATATATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGCATTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTGGCAAA
AAAATGTCAGAAGATTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTT
GGTCCAAAAGACAGTGAAGATTCCTATGACATTATTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACCTCT
AACATGGGGTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATAACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTT
CATTACATTAAGACTTCTCTGGCTCCACTACCCTGCTACGTTTATCTGATTGAGCATCCT
TCCCTCAAATATGCGACCACTCGTTCCATAGCCAAGTATCCTGTGGGTATAGAAGTTGGT
CCTCAGCCTCAAGGGGTTCTGAGAGCTGATATCTTGGATCAAATGAGAAAAATGATTAAA
CATGCTCTTGATTTTATACATCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGCGCCATT
GAGGTCTATAAAATTATAGAGAAAGTTGATTACCCCCGGGATGAAAATGGAGAAATTGCT
GCTATCATCCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCACTGCATCCTGGGGATCCC
ATGTTTTTAACTCTTGATGGGAAGACGATCCCACTGGGCGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCC
GTGTTTGTGAATGAGGCCGCATATTACGAAAAGAAAGAAGCTTTTGCAAAGACAACTAAA
CTAACGCTCAATGCAAAAAGTATTCGCTGCTGTTTACATTAG
Enzyme 35 GenBank Gene ID S67156 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GeneCard ID ASPA Link Image
Enzyme 35 GenAtlas ID ASPA Link Image
Enzyme 35 HGNC ID HGNC:756 Link Image
Enzyme 35 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 35 Locus 17pter-p13
Enzyme 35 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 35 General References
  1. Kaul R, Gao GP, Balamurugan K, Matalon R: Cloning of the human aspartoacylase cDNA and a common missense mutation in Canavan disease. Nat Genet. 1993 Oct;5(2):118-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Moore RA, Le Coq J, Faehnle CR, Viola RE: Purification and preliminary characterization of brain aspartoacylase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 May 1;413(1):1-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kaul R, Gao GP, Aloya M, Balamurugan K, Petrosky A, Michals K, Matalon R: Canavan disease: mutations among Jewish and non-jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jul;55(1):34-41. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Shaag A, Anikster Y, Christensen E, Glustein JZ, Fois A, Michelakakis H, Nigro F, Pronicka E, Ribes A, Zabot MT, et al.: The molecular basis of canavan (aspartoacylase deficiency) disease in European non-Jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Sep;57(3):572-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Kaul R, Gao GP, Michals K, Whelan DT, Levin S, Matalon R: Novel (cys152 > arg) missense mutation in an Arab patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):269-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kobayashi K, Tsujino S, Ezoe T, Hamaguchi H, Nihei K, Sakuragawa N: Missense mutation (I143T) in a Japanese patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S308-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Rady PL, Vargas T, Tyring SK, Matalon R, Langenbeck U: Novel missense mutation (Y231C) in a turkish patient with canavan disease. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Nov 26;87(3):273-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Sistermans EA, de Coo RF, van Beerendonk HM, Poll-The BT, Kleijer WJ, van Oost BA: Mutation detection in the aspartoacylase gene in 17 patients with Canavan disease: four new mutations in the non-Jewish population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;8(7):557-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Zeng BJ, Wang ZH, Ribeiro LA, Leone P, De Gasperi R, Kim SJ, Raghavan S, Ong E, Pastores GM, Kolodny EH: Identification and characterization of novel mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Nov;25(7):557-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Olsen TR, Tranebjaerg L, Kvittingen EA, Hagenfeldt L, Moller C, Nilssen O: Two novel aspartoacylase gene (ASPA) missense mutations specific to Norwegian and Swedish patients with Canavan disease. J Med Genet. 2002 Sep;39(9):e55. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 35 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 36 [top]
Enzyme 36 ID 5830
Enzyme 36 Name Aspartoacylase-2
Enzyme 36 Synonyms
  1. Aminoacylase-3
  2. ACY-3
  3. Acylase III
  4. Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 1
  5. HCBP1
Enzyme 36 Gene Name ACY3
Enzyme 36 Protein Sequence >Aspartoacylase-2
MCSLPVPREPLRRVAVTGGTHGNEMSGVYLARHWLHAPAELQRASFSAVPVLANPAATSG
CRRYVDHDLNRTFTSSFLNSRPTPDDPYEVTRARELNQLLGPKASGQAFDFVLDLHNTTA
NMGTCLIAKSSHEVFAMHLCRHLQLQYPELSCQVFLYQRSGEESYNLDSVAKNGLGLELG
PQPQGVLRADIFSRMRTLVATVLDFIELFNQGTAFPAFEMEAYRPVGVVDFPRTEAGHLA
GTVHPQLQDRDFQPLQPGAPIFQMFSGEDLLYEGESTVYPVFINEAAYYEKGVAFVQTEK
FTFTVPAMPALTPAPSPAS
Enzyme 36 Number of Residues 319
Enzyme 36 Molecular Weight 35241
Enzyme 36 Theoretical pI 5.77
Enzyme 36 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 36 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 36 Specific Function N-acyl-L-aspartate + H(2)O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate
Enzyme 36 Pathways
Enzyme 36 Reactions
  • N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate
Enzyme 36 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 36 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 36 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 36 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank ID Protein 21654856 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96HD9 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACY3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 36 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 36 Gene Sequence >960 bp
ATGTGCTCACTGCCTGTGCCCCGGGAGCCCCTGCGTCGCGTGGCTGTGACTGGGGGCACG
CATGGCAACGAGATGTCGGGCGTCTACCTGGCCCGGCACTGGCTGCATGCCCCCGCAGAG
CTGCAGAGAGCCAGCTTCTCCGCTGTGCCTGTGCTGGCCAACCCGGCAGCCACATCCGGC
TGCCGCCGCTACGTGGACCATGACCTCAACCGCACCTTCACCAGCAGCTTCCTCAATTCC
AGGCCCACCCCGGACGACCCATATGAGGTGACAAGAGCCCGAGAGCTGAACCAGCTGCTG
GGGCCCAAGGCCTCGGGCCAGGCCTTTGACTTTGTCCTTGACCTGCACAACACCACGGCC
AACATGGGCACCTGCTTAATCGCGAAGTCCTCCCACGAAGTCTTTGCCATGCACCTGTGC
CGCCATCTGCAGCTGCAGTACCCCGAGCTGTCCTGCCAGGTCTTCCTGTACCAGCGGTCT
GGGGAGGAGAGCTACAACCTGGACTCTGTGGCCAAAAATGGACTGGGTCTGGAGCTGGGC
CCCCAGCCACAGGGTGTGCTGCGGGCTGACATTTTCTCAAGGATGAGGACCCTGGTGGCC
ACAGTTCTGGACTTCATCGAACTCTTCAACCAGGGTACGGCCTTTCCTGCCTTTGAGATG
GAAGCCTATAGACCCGTGGGCGTCGTGGACTTCCCCCGCACCGAGGCCGGGCACCTGGCA
GGCACTGTGCATCCTCAGCTGCAGGACCGAGACTTCCAGCCACTGCAGCCTGGTGCTCCC
ATCTTCCAGATGTTCAGTGGGGAGGACCTGCTCTATGAGGGAGAGTCCACGGTGTACCCC
GTGTTCATTAACGAGGCTGCCTACTATGAGAAGGGCGTTGCCTTTGTCCAGACTGAGAAG
TTCACATTCACCGTGCCTGCCATGCCCGCGCTGACCCCTGCCCCGAGCCCAGCTTCCTAA
Enzyme 36 GenBank Gene ID AY040761 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GeneCard ID ACY3 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GenAtlas ID ACY3 Link Image
Enzyme 36 HGNC ID HGNC:24104 Link Image
Enzyme 36 Chromosome Location 11
Enzyme 36 Locus 11q13.2
Enzyme 36 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 36 General References Not Available
Enzyme 36 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 37 [top]
Enzyme 37 ID 6260
Enzyme 37 Name Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
Enzyme 37 Synonyms
  1. 5-lipoxygenase
  2. 5-LO
Enzyme 37 Gene Name ALOX5
Enzyme 37 Protein Sequence >Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
MPSYTVTVATGSQWFAGTDDYIYLSLVGSAGCSEKHLLDKPFYNDFERGAVDSYDVTVDE
ELGEIQLVRIEKRKYWLNDDWYLKYITLKTPHGDYIEFPCYRWITGDVEVVLRDGRAKLA
RDDQIHILKQHRRKELETRQKQYRWMEWNPGFPLSIDAKCHKDLPRDIQFDSEKGVDFVL
NYSKAMENLFINRFMHMFQSSWNDFADFEKIFVKISNTISERVMNHWQEDLMFGYQFLNG
CNPVLIRRCTELPEKLPVTTEMVECSLERQLSLEQEVQQGNIFIVDFELLDGIDANKTDP
CTLQFLAAPICLLYKNLANKIVPIAIQLNQIPGDENPIFLPSDAKYDWLLAKIWVRSSDF
HVHQTITHLLRTHLVSEVFGIAMYRQLPAVHPIFKLLVAHVRFTIAINTKAREQLICECG
LFDKANATGGGGHVQMVQRAMKDLTYASLCFPEAIKARGMESKEDIPYYFYRDDGLLVWE
AIRTFTAEVVDIYYEGDQVVEEDPELQDFVNDVYVYGMRGRKSSGFPKSVKSREQLSEYL
TVVIFTASAQHAAVNFGQYDWCSWIPNAPPTMRAPPPTAKGVVTIEQIVDTLPDRGRSCW
HLGAVWALSQFQENELFLGMYPEEHFIEKPVKEAMARFRKNLEAIVSVIAERNKKKQLPY
YYLSPDRIPNSVAI
Enzyme 37 Number of Residues 674
Enzyme 37 Molecular Weight 77984
Enzyme 37 Theoretical pI 5.54
Enzyme 37 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • lipoxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • icosanoid metabolism
  • leukotriene metabolism
  • metabolism
  • organic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 37 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 37 Specific Function Arachidonate + O(2) = (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-(5S)-5- hydroperoxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate
Enzyme 37 Pathways
Enzyme 37 Reactions
  • arachidonate + O2 = (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-(5S)-5-hydroperoxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate
Enzyme 37 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 37 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 37 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 37 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank ID Protein 187193 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P09917 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LOX5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 37 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 37 Gene Sequence >2025 bp
ATGCCCTCCTACACGGTCACCGTGGCCACTGGCAGCCAGTGGTTCGCCGGCACTGACGAC
TACATCTACCTCAGCCTCGTGGGCTCGGCGGGCTGCAGCGAGAAGCACCTGCTGGACAAG
CCCTTCTACAACGACTTCGAGCGTGGCGCGGTGGATTCATACGACGTGACTGTGGACGAG
GAACTGGGCGAGATCCAGCTGGTCAGAATCGAGAAGCGCAAGTACTGGCTGAATGACGAC
TGGTACCTGAAGTACATCACGCTGAAGACGCCCCACGGGGACTACATCGAGTTCCCCTGC
TACCGCTGGATCACCGGCGATGTCGAGGTTGTCCTGAGGGATGGACGCGCAAAGTTGGCC
CGAGATGACCAAATTCACATTCTCAAGCAACACCGACGTAAAGAACTGGAAACACGGCAA
AAACAATATCGATGGATGGAGTGGAACCCTGGCTTCCCCTTGAGCATCGATGCCAAATGC
CACAAGGATTTACCCCGTGATATCCAGTTTGATAGTGAAAAAGGAGTGGACTTTGTTCTG
AATTACTCCAAAGCGATGGAGAACCTGTTCATCAACCGCTTCATGCACATGTTCCAGTCT
TCTTGGAATGACTTCGCCGACTTTGAGAAAATCTTTGTCAAGATCAGCAACACTATTTCT
GAGCGGGTCATGAATCACTGGCAGGAAGACCTGATGTTTGGCTACCAGTTCCTGAATGGC
TGCAACCCTGTGTTGATCCGGCGCTGCACAGAGCTGCCCGAGAAGCTCCCGGTGACCACG
GAGATGGTAGAGTGCAGCCTGGAGCGGCAGCTCAGCTTGGAGCAGGAGGTCCAGCAAGGG
AACATTTTCATCGTGGACTTTGAGCTGCTGGATGGCATCGATGCCAACAAAACAGACCCC
TGCACACTCCAGTTCCTGGCCGCTCCCATCTGCTTGCTGTATAAGAACCTGGCCAACAAG
ATTGTCCCCATTGCCATCCAGCTCAACCAAATCCCGGGAGATGAGAACCCTATTTTCCTC
CCTTCGGATGCAAAATACGACTGGCTTTTGGCCAAAATCTGGGTGCGTTCCAGTGACTTC
CACGTCCACCAGACCATCACCCACCTTCTGCGAACACATCTGGTGTCTGAGGTTTTTGGC
ATTGCAATGTACCGCCAGCTGCCTGCTGTGCACCCCATTTTCAAGCTGCTGGTGGCACAC
GTGAGATTCACCATTGCAATCAACACCAAGGCCCGTGAGCAGCTCATCTGCGAGTGTGGC
CTCTTTGACAAGGCCAACGCCACAGGGGGCGGTGGGCACGTGCAGATGGTGCAGAGGGCC
ATGAAGGACCTGACCTATGCCTCCCTGTGCTTTCCCGAGGCCATCAAGGCCCGGGGCATG
GAGAGCAAAGAAGACATCCCCTACTACTTCTACCGGGACGACGGGCTCCTGGTGTGGGAA
GCCATCAGGACGTTCACGGCCGAGGTGGTAGACATCTACTACGAGGGCGACCAGGTGGTG
GAGGAGGACCCGGAGCTGCAGGACTTCGTGAACGATGTCTACGTGTACGGCATGCGGGGC
CGCAAGTCCTCAGGCTTCCCCAAGTCGGTCAAGAGCCGGGAGCAGCTGTCGGAGTACCTG
ACCGTGGTGATCTTCACCGCCTCCGCCCAGCACGCCGCGGTCAACTTCGGCCAGTACGAC
TGGTGCTCCTGGATCCCCAATGCGCCCCCAACCATGCGAGCCCCGCCACCGACTGCCAAG
GGCGTGGTGACCATTGAGCAGATCGTGGACACGCTGCCCGACCGCGGCCGCTCCTGCTGG
CATCTGGGTGCAGTGTGGGCGCTGAGCCAGTTCCAGGAAAACGAGCTGTTCCTGGGCATG
TACCCAGAAGAGCATTTTATCGAGAAGCCTGTGAAGGAAGCCATGGCCCGATTCCGCAAG
AACCTCGAGGCCATTGTCAGCGTGATTGCTGAGCGCAACAAGAAGAAGCAGCTGCCATAT
TACTACTTGTCCCCAGACCGGATTCCGAACAGTGTGGCCATCTGA
Enzyme 37 GenBank Gene ID J03600 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GeneCard ID ALOX5 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GenAtlas ID ALOX5 Link Image
Enzyme 37 HGNC ID HGNC:435 Link Image
Enzyme 37 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 37 Locus 10q11.2
Enzyme 37 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 37 General References
  1. Dixon RA, Jones RE, Diehl RE, Bennett CD, Kargman S, Rouzer CA: Cloning of the cDNA for human 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):416-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Matsumoto T, Funk CD, Radmark O, Hoog JO, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of human 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):26-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Matsumoto T, Funk CD, Radmark O, Hoog JO, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of human 5-lipoxygenase. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res. 1989;19:466-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Funk CD, Hoshiko S, Matsumoto T, Rdmark O, Samuelsson B: Characterization of the human 5-lipoxygenase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2587-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hoshiko S, Radmark O, Samuelsson B: Characterization of the human 5-lipoxygenase gene promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9073-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Nguyen T, Falgueyret JP, Abramovitz M, Riendeau D: Evaluation of the role of conserved His and Met residues among lipoxygenases by site-directed mutagenesis of recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Nov 15;266(32):22057-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ishii S, Noguchi M, Miyano M, Matsumoto T, Noma M: Mutagenesis studies on the amino acid residues involved in the iron-binding and the activity of human 5-lipoxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Feb 14;182(3):1482-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Werz O, Szellas D, Steinhilber D, Radmark O: Arachidonic acid promotes phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase at Ser-271 by MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2). J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 26;277(17):14793-800. Epub 2002 Feb 13. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 37 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 38 [top]
Enzyme 38 ID 6261
Enzyme 38 Name Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type II
Enzyme 38 Synonyms
  1. 15-LOX-2
  2. 15- lipoxygenase 2
Enzyme 38 Gene Name ALOX15B
Enzyme 38 Protein Sequence >Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type II
MAEFRVRVSTGEAFGAGTWDKVSVSIVGTRGESPPLPLDNLGKEFTAGAEEDFQVTLPED
VGRVLLLRVHKAPPVLPLLGPLAPDAWFCRWFQLTPPRGGHLLFPCYQWLEGAGTLVLQE
GTAKVSWADHHPVLQQQRQEELQARQEMYQWKAYNPGWPHCLDEKTVEDLELNIKYSTAK
NANFYLQAGSAFAEMKIKGLLDRKGLWRSLNEMKRIFNFRRTPAAEHAFEHWQEDAFFAS
QFLNGLNPVLIRRCHYLPKNFPVTDAMVASLLGPGTSLQAELEKGSLFLVDHGILSGIQT
NVINGKPQFSAAPMTLLYQSPGCGPLLPLAIQLSQTPGPNSPIFLPTDDKWDWLLAKTWV
RNAEFSFHEALTHLLHSHLLPEVFTLATLRQLPHCHPLFKLLIPHTRYTLHINTLARELL
IVPGQVVDRSTGIGIEGFSELIQRNMKQLNYSLLCLPEDIRTRGVEDIPGYYYRDDGMQI
WGAVERFVSEIIGIYYPSDESVQDDRELQAWVREIFSKGFLNQESSGIPSSLETREALVQ
YVTMVIFTCSAKHAAVSAGQFDSCAWMPNLPPSMQLPPPTSKGLATCEGFIATLPPVNAT
CDVILALWLLSKEPGDQRPLGTYPDEHFTEEAPRRSIATFQSRLAQISRGIQERNRGLVL
PYTYLDPPLIENSVSI
Enzyme 38 Number of Residues 676
Enzyme 38 Molecular Weight 75900
Enzyme 38 Theoretical pI 6.12
Enzyme 38 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • lipoxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • icosanoid metabolism
  • leukotriene metabolism
  • metabolism
  • organic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 38 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 38 Specific Function Converts arachidonic acid exclusively to 15S- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, while linoleic acid is less well metabolized
Enzyme 38 Pathways
Enzyme 38 Reactions
  • arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-(15S)-15-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoate
Enzyme 38 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 38 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 38 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 38 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank ID Protein 2224907 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15296 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LX15B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 38 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 38 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 38 Gene Sequence >2031 bp
ATGGCCGAGTTCAGGGTCAGGGTGTCCACCGGAGAAGCCTTCGGGGCTGGCACATGGGAC
AAAGTGTCTGTCAGCATCGTGGGGACCCGGGGAGAGAGCCCCCCACTGCCCCTGGACAAT
CTCGGCAAGGAGTTCACTGCGGGCGCTGAGGAGGACTTCCAGGTGACGCTCCCGGAGGAC
GTAGGCCGAGTGCTGCTGCTGCGCGTGCACAAGGCGCCCCCAGTGCTGCCCCTGCTGGGG
CCCCTGGCCCCGGATGCCTGGTTCTGCCGCTGGTTCCAGCTGACACCGCCGCGGGGCGGC
CACCTCCTCTTCCCCTGCTACCAGTGGCTGGAGGGGGCGGGGACCCTGGTGCTGCAGGAG
GGTACAGCCAAGGTGTCCTGGGCAGACCACCACCCTGTGCTCCAGCAACAGCGCCAGGAG
GAGCTTCAGGCCCGGCAGGAGATGTACCAGTGGAAGGCTTACAACCCAGGTTGGCCTCAC
TGCCTGGATGAAAAGACAGTGGAAGACTTGGAGCTCAATATCAAATACTCCACAGCCAAG
AATGCCAACTTTTATCTACAAGCTGGCTCTGCTTTTGCAGAGATGAAAATCAAGGGGTTG
CTGGACCGCAAGGGGCTCTGGAGGAGTCTGAATGAGATGAAAAGGATCTTCAACTTCCGG
AGGACCCCAGCAGCTGAGCACGCATTTGAGCACTGGCAGGAGGATGCCTTCTTCGCCTCC
CAGTTCCTGAATGGTCTCAACCCTGTCCTGATCCGCCGCTGTCACTACCTCCCAAAGAAC
TTCCCCGTCACTGATGCCATGGTGGCCTCATTGTTGGGTCCTGGGACCAGCTTGCAGGCT
GAGCTAGAGAAGGGCTCCCTGTTCTTGGTGGATCACGGCATCCTCTCTGGCATCCAGACC
AATGTCATTAATGGGAAGCCGCAGTTCTCTGCGGCCCCAATGACCCTGCTATACCAGAGC
CCAGGCTGCGGGCCGCTGCTGCCTCTCGCCATCCAGCTCAGCCAGACCCCCGGCCCAAAC
AGCCCCATCTTCCTGCCCACTGATGACAAGTGGGACTGGTTGCTGGCCAAGACCTGGGTG
CGCAATGCCGAGTTCTCCTTCCATGAGGCCCTCACGCACCTGCTGCACTCACATCTGCTG
CCTGAGGTCTTCACCCTGGCTACCCTGCGTCAGCTGCCCCACTGCCACCCTCTCTTCAAG
CTGCTGATCCCGCACACCCGATACACCCTGCACATCAACACACTCGCCCGGGAGCTGCTT
ATCGTGCCAGGGCAGGTGGTGGACAGGTCCACAGGCATCGGCATTGAAGGCTTCTCTGAG
TTGATACAGAGGAACATGAAGCAGCTGAACTATTCTCTCCTGTGTCTGCCTGAGGATATC
CGGACCCGAGGAGTTGAAGACATCCCAGGCTACTACTACCGTGATGATGGGATGCAGATT
TGGGGTGCAGTGGAACGCTTTGTCTCTGAAATCATCGGTATCTACTACCCAAGTGATGAG
TCTGTCCAAGATGACAGAGAGCTCCAGGCCTGGGTCAGAGAGATCTTCTCCAAGGGCTTC
CTAAACCAGGAGAGCTCAGGTATCCCTTCCTCACTGGAGACCCGGGAAGCCCTGGTGCAG
TATGTCACCATGGTGATATTCACCTGCTCAGCCAAGCATGCGGCTGTCAGTGCAGGGCAG
TTTGACTCCTGTGCTTGGATGCCCAACCTGCCACCCAGCATGCAGCTGCCACCACCCACC
TCCAAAGGCCTGGCAACATGCGAGGGCTTCATAGCCACCCTCCCACCTGTCAATGCCACA
TGTGATGTCATCCTTGCTCTCTGGTTGCTGAGCAAGGAGCCTGGAGACCAAAGGCCCCTG
GGCACCTATCCGGATGAGCACTTCACAGAGGAGGCCCCTCGGCGGAGCATCGCCACCTTC
CAGAGCCGCCTGGCCCAGATCTCGAGGGGCATCCAGGAGCGGAACCGGGGCCTGGTGCTG
CCCTACACCTACCTAGACCCTCCCCTCATCGAGAACAGCGTCTCCATCTAA
Enzyme 38 GenBank Gene ID U78294 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GeneCard ID ALOX15B Link Image
Enzyme 38 GenAtlas ID ALOX15B Link Image
Enzyme 38 HGNC ID HGNC:434 Link Image
Enzyme 38 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 38 Locus 17p13.1
Enzyme 38 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 38 General References
  1. Brash AR, Boeglin WE, Chang MS: Discovery of a second 15S-lipoxygenase in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Jun 10;94(12):6148-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Krieg P, Marks F, Furstenberger G: A gene cluster encoding human epidermis-type lipoxygenases at chromosome 17p13.1: cloning, physical mapping, and expression. Genomics. 2001 May 1;73(3):323-30. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Tang S, Bhatia B, Maldonado CJ, Yang P, Newman RA, Liu J, Chandra D, Traag J, Klein RD, Fischer SM, Chopra D, Shen J, Zhau HE, Chung LW, Tang DG: Evidence that arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase 2 is a negative cell cycle regulator in normal prostate epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2002 May 3;277(18):16189-201. Epub 2002 Feb 11. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kilty I, Logan A, Vickers PJ: Differential characteristics of human 15-lipoxygenase isozymes and a novel splice variant of 15S-lipoxygenase. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Nov;266(1):83-93. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 38 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 39 [top]
Enzyme 39 ID 6262
Enzyme 39 Name Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-type
Enzyme 39 Synonyms
  1. 12-LOX
  2. Platelet-type lipoxygenase 12
Enzyme 39 Gene Name ALOX12
Enzyme 39 Protein Sequence >Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-type
MGRYRIRVATGAWLFSGSYNRVQLWLVGTRGEAELELQLRPARGEEEEFDHDVAEDLGLL
QFVRLRKHHWLVDDAWFCDRITVQGPGACAEVAFPCYRWVQGEDILSLPEGTARLPGDNA
LDMFQKHREKELKDRQQIYCWATWKEGLPLTIAADRKDDLPPNMRFHEEKRLDFEWTLKA
GALEMALKRVYTLLSSWNCLEDFDQIFWGQKSALAEKVRQCWQDDELFSYQFLNGANPML
LRRSTSLPSRLVLPSGMEELQAQLEKELQNGSLFEADFILLDGIPANVIRGEKQYLAAPL
VMLKMEPNGKLQPMVIQIQPPNPSSPTPTLFLPSDPPLAWLLAKSWVRNSDFQLHEIQYH
LLNTHLVAEVIAVATMRCLPGLHPIFKFLIPHIRYTMEINTRARTQLISDGGIFDKAVST
GGGGHVQLLRRAAAQLTYCSLCPPDDLADRGLLGLPGALYAHDALRLWEIIARYVEGIVH
LFYQRDDIVKGDPELQAWCREITEVGLCQAQDRGFPVSFQSQSQLCHFLTMCVFTCTAQH
AAINQGQLDWYAWVPNAPCTMRMPPPTTKEDVTMATVMGSLPDVRQACLQMAISWHLSRR
QPDMVPLGHHKEKYFSGPKPKAVLNQFRTDLEKLEKEITARNEQLDWPYEYLKPSCIENS
VTI
Enzyme 39 Number of Residues 663
Enzyme 39 Molecular Weight 75695
Enzyme 39 Theoretical pI 6.15
Enzyme 39 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • lipoxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • icosanoid metabolism
  • leukotriene metabolism
  • metabolism
  • organic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 39 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 39 Specific Function Oxygenase and 14,15-leukotriene A4 synthase activity
Enzyme 39 Pathways
Enzyme 39 Reactions
  • arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-(12S)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate
Enzyme 39 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 39 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 39 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 39 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 39 GenBank ID Protein 189774 Link Image
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P18054 Link Image
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LOX12_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 39 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 39 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 39 Gene Sequence >1992 bp
ATGGGCCGCTACCGCATCCGCGTGGCCACCGGGGCCTGGCTCTTCTCCGGGTCGTACAAC
CGCGTGCAGCTTTGGCTGGTCGGGACGCGCGGGGAGGCGGAGCTGGAGCTGCAGCTGCGG
CCGGCGCGGGGCGAGGAGGAGGAGTTTGATCATGACGTTGCAGAGGACTTGGGGCTCCTG
CAGTTCGTGAGGCTGCGCAAGCACCACTGGCTGGTGGACGACGCGTGGTTCTGCGACCGC
ATCACGGTGCAGGGCCCTGGAGCCTGCGCGGAGGTGGCCTTCCCGTGCTACCGCTGGGTG
CAGGGCGAGGACATCCTGAGCCTGCCCGAGGGCACCGCCCGCCTGCCAGGAGACAATGCT
TTGGACATGTTCCAGAAGCATCGAGAGAAGGAACTGAAAGACAGACAGCAGATCTACTGC
TGGGCCACCTGGAAGGAAGGGTTACCCCTGACCATCGCTGCAGACCGTAAGGATGATCTA
CCTCCAAATATGAGATTCCATGAGGAGAAGAGGCTGGACTTTGAATGGACACTGAAGGCA
GGGGCTCTGGAGATGGCCCTCAAACGTGTTTACACCCTCCTGAGCTCCTGGAACTGCCTA
GAAGACTTTGATCAGATCTTCTGGGGCCAGAAGAGTGCCCTGGCTGAGAAGGTTCGCCAG
TGCTGGCAGGATGATGAGTTGTTCAGCTACCAGTTCCTCAATGGTGCCAACCCCATGCTG
TTGAGACGCTCGACCTCTCTGCCCTCCAGGCTAGTGCTGCCCTCGGGGATGGAAGAGCTT
CAGGCTCAACTGGAGAAAGAACTTCAGAATGGTTCCCTGTTTGAAGCTGACTTCATCCTT
CTGGATGGAATTCCAGCCAACGTGATCCGAGGAGAGAAGCAATACCTGGCTGCCCCCCTC
GTTATGCTGAAGATGGAGCCCAATGGGAAGCTGCAGCCCATGGTCATCCAGATTCAGCCT
CCCAGCCCCAGCTCTCCAACCCCAACACTGTTCCTGCCCTCAGACCCCCCACTTGCCTGG
CTCCTGGCAAAGTCCTGGGTCCGAAATTCAGATTTCCAACTGCACGAGATCCAGTATCAC
TTGCTGAACACTCACCTGGTGGCTGAGGTCATCGCTGTCGCCACCATGCGGTGCCTCCCA
GGACTGCACCCCATCTTCAAGTTCCCGATCCCCCATATCCGCTACACCATGGAAATCAAC
ACCCGGGCCCGGACCCAACTCATCTCAGATGGAGGAATTTTTGATAAGGCAGTGAGCACA
GGTGGAGGGGGCCATGTACAGTTGCTCCGTCGGGCGGCAGCTCAGCTGACCTACTGCTCC
CTCTGTCCTCCTGACGACCTGGCTGACCGGGGCCTGCTGGGACTCCCAGGTGCTCTCTAT
GCCCATGATGCTTTACGGCTCTGGGAGATCATTGCCAGGTATGTGGAGGGGATCGTCCAC
CTCTTCTACCAAAGGGATGACATAGTGAAGGGGGACCCTGAGCTGCAGGCCTGGTGTCGG
GAGATCACGGAGGTGGGGCTGTGCCAGGCCCAGGACCGAGGTTTCCCTGTCTCCTTCCAG
TCCCAGAGTCAACTCTGCCATTTCCTCACCATGTGCGTCTTCACGTGCACTGCCCAGCAT
GCCGCCATCAACCAGGGCCAGCTGGACTGGTATGCCTGGGTCCCTAATGCTCCATGCACA
ATGCGGATGCCCCCACCCACCACCAAGGAAGATGTGACGATGGCCACAGTGATGGGGTCA
CTACCTGATGTCCGGCAGGCCTGTCTTCAAATGGCCATCTCATGGCATCTGAGTCGCCGC
CAGCCAGACATGGTGCCTCTGGGGCACCACAAAGAAAAATATTTCTCAGGCCCCAAGCCC
AAAGCTGTGCTAAACCAATTCCGAACAGATTTGGAAAAGCTAGAAAAGGAGATTACAGCC
CGGAATGAGCAACTTGACTGGCCCTATGAATATCTGAAGCCCAGCTGCATAGAGAACAGT
GTCACCATCTGA
Enzyme 39 GenBank Gene ID M35418 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GeneCard ID ALOX12 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GenAtlas ID ALOX12 Link Image
Enzyme 39 HGNC ID HGNC:429 Link Image
Enzyme 39 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 39 Locus 17p13.1
Enzyme 39 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 39 General References
  1. Funk CD, Furci L, FitzGerald GA: Molecular cloning, primary structure, and expression of the human platelet/erythroleukemia cell 12-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Aug;87(15):5638-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Izumi T, Hoshiko S, Radmark O, Samuelsson B: Cloning of the cDNA for human 12-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7477-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto Y, Arakawa T, Suzuki H, Yamamoto S, Yokoyama C, Tanabe T, Toh H: Molecular cloning and expression of human arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Nov 15;172(3):1230-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Yoshimoto T, Arakawa T, Hada T, Yamamoto S, Takahashi E: Structure and chromosomal localization of human arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase gene. J Biol Chem. 1992 Dec 5;267(34):24805-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Funk CD, Funk LB, FitzGerald GA, Samuelsson B: Characterization of human 12-lipoxygenase genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 May 1;89(9):3962-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hussain H, Shornick LP, Shannon VR, Wilson JD, Funk CD, Pentland AP, Holtzman MJ: Epidermis contains platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase that is overexpressed in germinal layer keratinocytes in psoriasis. Am J Physiol. 1994 Jan;266(1 Pt 1):C243-53. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 39 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 40 [top]
Enzyme 40 ID 6264
Enzyme 40 Name Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 precursor
Enzyme 40 Synonyms
  1. Cyclooxygenase- 1
  2. COX-1
  3. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1
  4. Prostaglandin H2 synthase 1
  5. PGH synthase 1
  6. PGHS-1
  7. PHS 1
Enzyme 40 Gene Name PTGS1
Enzyme 40 Protein Sequence >Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 precursor
MSRSLLLRFLLFLLLLPPLPVLLADPGAPTPVNPCCYYPCQHQGICVRFGLDRYQCDCTR
TGYSGPNCTIPGLWTWLRNSLRPSPSFTHFLLTHGRWFWEFVNATFIREMLMRLVLTVRS
NLIPSPPTYNSAHDYISWESFSNVSYYTRILPSVPKDCPTPMGTKGKKQLPDAQLLARRF
LLRRKFIPDPQGTNLMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTSGKMGPGFTKALGHGVDLGHIYGDNLERQ
YQLRLFKDGKLKYQVLDGEMYPPSVEEAPVLMHYPRGIPPQSQMAVGQEVFGLLPGLMLY
ATLWLREHNRVCDLLKAEHPTWGDEQLFQTTRLILIGETIKIVIEEYVQQLSGYFLQLKF
DPELLFGVQFQYRNRIAMEFNHLYHWHPLMPDSFKVGSQEYSYEQFLFNTSMLVDYGVEA
LVDAFSRQIAGRIGGGRNMDHHILHVAVDVIRESREMRLQPFNEYRKRFGMKPYTSFQEL
VGEKEMAAELEELYGDIDALEFYPGLLLEKCHPNSIFGESMIEIGAPFSLKGLLGNPICS
PEYWKPSTFGGEVGFNIVKTATLKKLVCLNTKTCPYVSFRVPDASQDDGPAVERPSTEL
Enzyme 40 Number of Residues 599
Enzyme 40 Molecular Weight 68657
Enzyme 40 Theoretical pI 7.39
Enzyme 40 GO Classification
Function
  • antioxidant activity
  • peroxidase activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 40 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 40 Specific Function May play an important role in regulating or promoting cell proliferation in some normal and neoplastically transformed cells
Enzyme 40 Pathways
Enzyme 40 Reactions
  • arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
Enzyme 40 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 40 Signals
  • 1-23
Enzyme 40 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 40 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 40 GenBank ID Protein 387018 Link Image
Enzyme 40 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P23219 Link Image
Enzyme 40 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PGH1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 40 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 40 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 40 Gene Sequence >1800 bp
ATGAGCCGGAGTCTCTTGCTCCGGTTCTTGCTGTTGCTGCTCCTGCTCCCGCCGCTCCCC
GTCCTGCTCGCGGACCCAGGGGCGCCCACGCCAGTGAATCCCTGTTGTTACTATCCATGC
CAGCACCAGGGCATCTGTGTCCGCTTCGGCCTTGACCGCTACCAGTGTGACTGCACCCGC
ACGGGCTATTCCGGCCCCAACTGCACCATCCCTGGCCTGTGGACCTGGCTCCGGAATTCA
CTGCGGCCCAGCCCCTCTTTCACCCACTTCCTGCTCACTCACGGGCGCTGGTTCTGGGAG
TTTGTCAATGCCACCTTCATCCGAGAGATGCTCATGCTCCTGGTACTCACAGTGCGCTCC
AACCTTATCCCCAGTCCCCCCACCTACAACTCTGCACATGACTACATCAGCTGGGAGTCT
TTCTCCAACGTGAGCTATTACACTCGTATTCTGCCCTCTGTGCCTAAAGATTGCCCCACA
CCCATGGGAACCAAAGGGAAGAAGCAGTTGCCAGATGCCCAGCTCCTGGCCCGCCGCTTC
CTGCTCAGGAGGAAGTTCATACCTGACCCCCAAGGCACCAACCTCATGTTTGCCTTCTTT
GCACAACACTTCACCCACCAGTTCTTCAAAACTTCTGGCAAGATGGGTCCTGGCTTCACC
AAGGCCTTGGGCCATGGGGTAGACCTCGGCCACATTTATGGAGACAATCTGGAGCGTCAG
TATCAACTGCGGCTCTTTAAGGATGGGAAACTCAAGTACCAGGTGCTGGATGGAGAAATG
TACCCGCCCTCGGTAGAAGAGGCGCCTGTGTTGATGCACTACCCCCGAGGCATCCCGCCC
CAGAGCCAGATGGCTGTGGGCCAGGAGGTGTTTGGGCTGCTTCCTGGGCTCATGCTGTAT
GCCACGCTCTGGCTACGTGAGCACAACCGTGTGTGTGACCTGCTGAAGGCTGAGCACCCC
ACCTGGGGCGATGAGCAGCTTTTCCAGACGACCCGCCTCATCCTCATAGGGGAGACCATC
AAGATTGTCATCGAGGAGTACGTGCAGCAGCTGAGTGGCTATTTCCTGCAGCTGAAATTT
GACCCAGAGCTGCTGTTCGGTGTCCAGTTCCAATACCGCAACCGCATTGCCACGGAGTTC
AACCATCTCTACCACTGGCACCCCCTCATGCCTGACTCCTTCAAGGTGGGCTCCCAGGAG
TACAGCTACGAGCAGTTCTTGTTCAACACCTCCATGTTGGTGGACTATGGGGTTGAGGCC
CTGGTGGATGCCTTCTCTCGCCAGATTGCTGGCCGGATCGGTGGGGGCAGGAACATGGAC
CACCACATCCTGCATGTGGCTGTGGATGTCATCAGGGAGTCTCGGGAGATGCGGCTGCAG
CCCTTCAATGAGTACCGCAAGAGGTTTGGCATGAAACCCTACACCTCCTTCCAGGAGCTC
GTAGGAGAGAAGGAGATGGCAGCAGAGTTGGAGGAATTGTATGGAGACATTGATGCGTTG
GAGTTCTACCCTGGACTGCTTCTTGAAAAGTGCCATCCAAACTCTATCTTTGGGGAGAGT
ATGATAGAGATTGGGGCTCCCTTTTCCCTCAAGGGTCTCCTAGGGAATCCCATCTGTTCT
CCGGAGTACTGGAAGCCGAGCACATTTGGCGGCGAGGTGGGCTTTAACATTGTCAAGACG
GCCACACTGAAGAAGCTGGTCTGCCTCAACACCAAGACCTGTCCCTACGTTTCCTTCCGT
GTGCCGGATGCCAGTCAGGATGATGGGCCTGCTGTGGAGCGACCATCCACAGAGCTCTGA
Enzyme 40 GenBank Gene ID M31822 Link Image
Enzyme 40 GeneCard ID PTGS1 Link Image
Enzyme 40 GenAtlas ID PTGS1 Link Image
Enzyme 40 HGNC ID HGNC:9604 Link Image
Enzyme 40 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 40 Locus 9q32-q33.3
Enzyme 40 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 40 General References
  1. Yokoyama C, Tanabe T: Cloning of human gene encoding prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and primary structure of the enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 15;165(2):888-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Funk CD, Funk LB, Kennedy ME, Pong AS, Fitzgerald GA: Human platelet/erythroleukemia cell prostaglandin G/H synthase: cDNA cloning, expression, and gene chromosomal assignment. FASEB J. 1991 Jun;5(9):2304-12. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Takahashi Y, Ueda N, Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto S, Yokoyama C, Miyata A, Tanabe T, Fuse I, Hattori A, Shibata A: Immunoaffinity purification and cDNA cloning of human platelet prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (cyclooxygenase). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Jan 31;182(2):433-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Diaz A, Reginato AM, Jimenez SA: Alternative splicing of human prostaglandin G/H synthase mRNA and evidence of differential regulation of the resulting transcripts by transforming growth factor beta 1, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 25;267(15):10816-22. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 40 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 41 [top]
Enzyme 41 ID 6265
Enzyme 41 Name Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
Enzyme 41 Synonyms
  1. Arachidonate omega-6 lipoxygenase
  2. 15-LOX
Enzyme 41 Gene Name ALOX15
Enzyme 41 Protein Sequence >Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
MGLYRIRVSTGASLYAGSNNQVQLWLVGQHGEAALGKRLWPARGKETELKVEVPEYLGPL
LFVKLRKRHLLKDDAWFCNWISVQGPGAGDEVRFPCYRWVEGNGVLSLPEGTGRTVGEDP
QGLFQKHREEELEERRKLYRWGNWKDGLILNMAGAKLYDLPVDERFLEDKRVDFEVSLAK
GLADLAIKDSLNVLTCWKDLDDFNRIFWCGQSKLAERVRDSWKEDALFGYQFLNGANPVV
LRRSAHLPARLVFPPGMEELQAQLEKELEGGTLFEADFSLLDGIKANVILCSQQHLAAPL
VMLKLQPDGKLLPMVIQLQLPRTGSPPPPLFLPTDPPMAWLLAKCWVRSSDFQLHELQSH
LLRGHLMAEVIVVATMRCLPSIHPIFKLIIPHLRYTLEINVRARTGLVSDMGIFDQIMST
GGGGHVQLLKQAGAFLTYSSFCPPDDLADRGLLGVKSSFYAQDALRLWEIIYRYVEGIVS
LHYKTDVAVKDDPELQTWCREITEIGLQGAQDRGFPVSLQARDQVCHFVTMCIFTCTGQH
ASVHLGQLDWYSWVPNAPCTMRLPPPTTKDATLETVMATLPNFHQASLQMSITWQLGRRQ
PVMVAVGQHEEEYFSGPEPKAVLKKFREELAALDKEIEIRNAKLDMPYEYLRPSVVENSV
AI
Enzyme 41 Number of Residues 662
Enzyme 41 Molecular Weight 74805
Enzyme 41 Theoretical pI 6.56
Enzyme 41 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • lipoxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • carboxylic acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • icosanoid metabolism
  • leukotriene metabolism
  • metabolism
  • organic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 41 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 41 Specific Function Converts arachidonic acid to 15S- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Also acts on C-12 of arachidonate as well as on linoleic acid
Enzyme 41 Pathways
Enzyme 41 Reactions
  • arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-(15S)-15-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoate
Enzyme 41 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 41 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 41 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 41 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 41 GenBank ID Protein 307135 Link Image
Enzyme 41 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P16050 Link Image
Enzyme 41 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LOX15_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 41 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 41 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 41 Gene Sequence >1989 bp
ATGGGTCTCTACCGCATCCGCGTGTCCACTGGGGCCTCGCTCTATGCCGGTTCCAACAAC
CAGGTGCAGCTGTGGCTGGTCGGCCAGCACGGGGAGGCGGCGCTCGGGAAGCGACTGTGG
CCCGCACGGGGCAAGGAGACAGAACTCAAGGTGGAAGTACCGGAGTATCTGGGGCCGCTG
CTGTTTGTGAAACTGCGCAAACGGCACCTCCTTAAGGACGACGCCTGGTTCTGCAACTGG
ATCTCTGTGCAGGGCCCCGGAGCCGGGGACGAGGTCAGGTTCCCTTGTTACCGCTGGGTG
GAGGGCAACGGCGTCCTGAGCCTGCCTGAAGGCACCGGCCGCACTGTGGGCGAGGACCCT
CAGGGCCTGTTCCAGAAACACCGGGAAGAAGAGCTGGAAGAGAGAAGGAAGTTGTACCGG
TGGGGAAACTGGAAGGACGGGTTAATTCTGAATATGGCTGGGGCCAAACTATATGACCTC
CCTGTGGATGAGCGATTTCTGGAAGACAAGAGAGTTGACTTTGAGGTTTCGCTGGCCAAG
GGGCTGGCCGACCTCGCTATCAAAGACTCTCTAAATGTTCTGACTTGCTGGAAGGATCTA
GATGACTTCAACCGGATTTTCTGGTGTGGTCAGAGCAAGCTGGCTGAGCGCGTGCGGGAC
TCCTGGAAGGAAGATGCCTTATTTGGGTACCAGTTTCTTAATGGCGCCAACCCCGTGGTG
CTGAGGCGCTCTGCTCACCTTCCTGCTCGCCTAGTGTTCCCTCCAGGCATGGAGGAACTG
CAGGCCCAGCTGGAGAAGGAGCTGGAGGGAGGCACACTGTTCGAAGCTGACTTCTCCCTG
CTGGATGGGATCAAGGCCAACGTCATTCTCTGTAGCCAGCAGCACCTGGCTGCCCCTCTA
GTCATGCTGAAATTGCAGCCTGATGGGAAACTCTTGCCCATGGTCATCCAGCTCCAGCTG
CCCCGCACAGGATCCCCACCACCTCCCCTTTTCTTGCCTACGGATCCCCCAATGGCCTGG
CTTCTGGCCAAATGCTGGGTGCGCAGCTCTGACTTCCAGCTCCATGAGCTGCAGTCTCAT
CTTCTGAGGGGACACTTGATGGCTGAGGTCATTGTTGTGGCCACCATGAGGTGCCTGCCG
TCGATACATCCTATCTTCAAGCTTATAATTCCCCACCTGCGATACACCCTGGAAATTAAC
GTCCGGGCCAGGACTGGGCTGGTCTCTGACATGGGAATTTTCGACCAGATAATGAGCACT
GGTGGGGGAGGCCACGTGCAGCTGCTCAAGCAAGCTGGAGCCTTCCTAACCTACAGCTCC
TTCTGTCCCCCTGATGACTTGGCCGACCGGGGGCTCCTGGGAGTGAAGTCTTCCTTCTAT
GCCCAAGATGCGCTGCGGCTCTGGGAAATCATCTATCGGTATGTGGAAGGAATCGTGAGT
CTCCACTATAAGACAGACGTGGCTGTGAAAGACGACCCAGAGCTGCAGACCTGGTGTCGA
GAGATCACTGAAATCGGGCTGCAAGGGGCCCAGGACCGAGGGTTTCCTGTCTCTTTACAG
GCTCGGGACCAGGTTTGCCACTTTGTCACCATGTGTATCTTCACCTGCACCGGCCAACAC
GCCTCTGTGCACCTGGGCCAGCTGGACTGGTACTCTTGGGTGCCTAATGCACCCTGCACG
ATGCGGCTGCCCCCGCCAACCACCAAGGATGCAACGCTGGAGACAGTGATGGCGACACTG
CCCAACTTCCACCAGGCTTCTCTCCAGATGTCCATCACTTGGCAGCTGGGCAGACGCCAG
CCCGTTATGGTGGCTGTGGGCCAGCATGAGGAGGAGTATTTTTCGGGCCCTGAGCCTAAG
GCTGTGCTGAAGAAGTTCAGGGAGGAGCTGGCTGCCCTGGATAAGGAAATTGAGATCCGG
AATGCAAAGCTGGACATGCCCTACGAGTACCTGCGGCCCAGCGTGGTGGAAAACAGTGTG
GCCATCTAA
Enzyme 41 GenBank Gene ID M23892 Link Image
Enzyme 41 GeneCard ID ALOX15 Link Image
Enzyme 41 GenAtlas ID ALOX15 Link Image
Enzyme 41 HGNC ID HGNC:433 Link Image
Enzyme 41 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 41 Locus 17p13.3
Enzyme 41 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 41 General References
  1. Sigal E, Craik CS, Highland E, Grunberger D, Costello LL, Dixon RA, Nadel JA: Molecular cloning and primary structure of human 15-lipoxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Dec 15;157(2):457-64. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kelavkar U, Wang S, Montero A, Murtagh J, Shah K, Badr K: Human 15-lipoxygenase gene promoter: analysis and identification of DNA binding sites for IL-13-induced regulatory factors in monocytes. Mol Biol Rep. 1998 Jul;25(3):173-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sigal E, Grunberger D, Craik CS, Caughey GH, Nadel JA: Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (omega-6 lipoxygenase) from human leukocytes. Purification and structural homology to other mammalian lipoxygenases. J Biol Chem. 1988 Apr 15;263(11):5328-32. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Izumi T, Radmark O, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Purification of two forms of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase from human leukocytes. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Dec 18;202(3):1231-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Sloane DL, Leung R, Craik CS, Sigal E: A primary determinant for lipoxygenase positional specificity. Nature. 1991 Nov 14;354(6349):149-52. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 41 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 42 [top]
Enzyme 42 ID 6302
Enzyme 42 Name Cytochrome P450 4F3
Enzyme 42 Synonyms
  1. CYPIVF3
  2. Leukotriene-B(4omega- hydroxylase
  3. Leukotriene-B(420-monooxygenase
  4. Cytochrome P450-LTB- omega
Enzyme 42 Gene Name CYP4F3
Enzyme 42 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome P450 4F3
MPQLSLSSLGLWPMAASPWLLLLLVGASWLLARILAWTYTFYDNCCRLRCFPQPPKRNWF
LGHLGLIHSSEEGLLYTQSLACTFGDMCCWWVGPWHAIVRIFHPTYIKPVLFAPAAIVPK
DKVFYSFLKPWLGDGLLLSAGEKWSRHRRMLTPAFHFNILKPYMKIFNESVNIMHAKWQL
LASEGSARLDMFEHISLMTLDSLQKCVFSFDSHCQEKPSEYIAAILELSALVTKRHQQIL
LYIDFLYYLTPDGQRFRRACRLVHDFTDAVIQERRRTLPSQGVDDFLQAKAKSKTLDFID
VLLLSKDEDGKKLSDEDIRAEADTFMFEGHDTTASGLSWVLYHLAKHPEYQERCRQEVQE
LLKDREPKEIEWDDLAQLPFLTMCIKESLRLHPPVPAVSRCCTQDIVLPDGRVIPKGIIC
LISVFGTHHNPAVWPDPEVYDPFRFDPKNIKERSPLAFIPFSAGPRNCIGQAFAMAEMKV
VLGLTLLRFRVLPDHTEPRRKPELVLRAEGGLWLRVEPLS
Enzyme 42 Number of Residues 520
Enzyme 42 Molecular Weight 59847
Enzyme 42 Theoretical pI 7.68
Enzyme 42 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • tetrapyrrole binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 42 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 42 Specific Function Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. This enzyme requires molecular oxygen and NADPH for the omega-hydroxylation of LTB4, a potent chemoattractant for polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Enzyme 42 Pathways
Enzyme 42 Reactions
  • (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-(5S,12R)-5,12-dihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraenoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-(5S,12R)-5,12,20-trihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraenoate + NADP+ + H2O
Enzyme 42 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 42 Signals
  • 1-36
Enzyme 42 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 42 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 42 GenBank ID Protein 391716 Link Image
Enzyme 42 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q08477 Link Image
Enzyme 42 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP4F3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 42 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 42 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 42 Gene Sequence >1563 bp
ATGCCACAGCTGAGCCTGTCCTCGCTGGGCCTTTGGCCAATGGCAGCATCCCCGTGGCTG
CTCCTGCTGCTGGTTGGGGCCTCCTGGCTCCTGGCCCGCATCCTGGCCTGGACCTATACC
TTCTATGACAACTGCTGCCGCCTCCGGTGTTTCCCGCAACCCCCGAAACGGAATTGGTTC
TTGGGTCACCTGGGCCTGATTCACAGCTCGGAGGAAGGTCTCCTATACACACAAAGCCTG
GCATGCACCTTCGGTGATATGTGCTGCTGGTGGGTGGGGCCCTGGCACGCAATCGTCCGC
ATCTTCCACCCCACCTACATCAAGCCTGTGCTCTTTGCTCCAGCTGCCATTGTACCAAAG
GACAAGGTCTTCTACAGCTTCCTGAAGCCCTGGCTGGGGGATGGGCTCCTGCTGAGTGCT
GGTGAAAAGTGGAGCCGCCACCGTCGGATGCTGACGCCTGCCTTCCATTTCAACATCCTG
AAGCCCTATATGAAGATTTTCAATGAGAGTGTGAACATCATGCATGCCAAGTGGCAGCTC
CTGGCCTCAGAGGGTAGTGCCCGTCTGGACATGTTTGAGCACATCAGCCTCATGACCTTG
GACAGTCTACAGAAATGTGTCTTCAGCTTTGACAGCCATTGCCAGGAGAAGCCCAGTGAA
TATATTGCCGCCATCTTGGAGCTCAGTGCCCTTGTGACAAAAAGACACCAGCAGATCCTC
CTGTACATAGACTTCCTGTATTATCTCACCCCTGATGGGCAGCGTTTCCGCAGGGCCTGC
CGCCTGGTGCACGACTTCACAGATGACGTCATCCAGGAGCGGCGCCGCACCCTCCCTAGC
CAGGGTGTTGATGACTTCCTCCAAGCCAAGGCCAAATCCAAGACTTTGGACTTCATTGAT
GTACTCCTGCTGAGCAAGGATGAAGATGGGAAGAAGTTGTCCGATGAGGACATAAGAGCA
GAAGCTGACACCTTTATGTTTGAGGGCCATGACACCACAGCCAGTGGTCTCTCCTGGGTC
CTGTACCACCTTGCAAAGCACCCGGAATACCAGGAGCGCTGTCGGCAGGAGGTACAAGAG
CTTCTGAAGGACCGTGAGCCTAAAGAGATTGAATGGGACGACCTGGCCCAGCTGCCCTTC
CTGACCATGTGCATTAAGGAGAGCCTGAGGCTGCATCCCCCAGTCCCTGCCGTCTCTCGC
TGCTGCACCCAAGACATTGTGCTCCCAGACGGCCGGGTCATCCCCAAAGGCATTATCTGC
CTCATCAGTGTTTTTGGAACCCATCACAACCCAGCCGTGTGGCCGGACCCTGAGGTCTAT
GACCCCTTTCGCTTTGACCCAAAGAACATCAAGGAGAGGTCACCTCTGGCTTTTATTCCC
TTCTCAGCAGGGCCCAGGAACTGCATCGGGCAGGCGTTCGCGATGGCGGAGATGAAGGTG
GTCCTGGGGCTCACGCTGCTGGCCTTCCGCGTCCTGCCTGACCACACCGAGCCCCGCAGG
AAGCCGGAGCTGGTCCTGCGCGCAGAGGGCGGACTTTGGCTGCGGGTGGAGCCCCTGAGC
TGA
Enzyme 42 GenBank Gene ID D12620 Link Image
Enzyme 42 GeneCard ID CYP4F3 Link Image
Enzyme 42 GenAtlas ID CYP4F3 Link Image
Enzyme 42 HGNC ID HGNC:2646 Link Image
Enzyme 42 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 42 Locus 19p13.2
Enzyme 42 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 42 General References
  1. Kikuta Y, Kusunose E, Endo K, Yamamoto S, Sogawa K, Fujii-Kuriyama Y, Kusunose M: A novel form of cytochrome P-450 family 4 in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. cDNA cloning and expression of leukotriene B4 omega-hydroxylase. J Biol Chem. 1993 May 5;268(13):9376-80. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kikuta Y, Kato M, Yamashita Y, Miyauchi Y, Tanaka K, Kamada N, Kusunose M: Human leukotriene B4 omega-hydroxylase (CYP4F3) gene: molecular cloning and chromosomal localization. DNA Cell Biol. 1998 Mar;17(3):221-30. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 42 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 43 [top]
Enzyme 43 ID 6306
Enzyme 43 Name Cytochrome P450 3A4
Enzyme 43 Synonyms
  1. Quinine 3-monooxygenase
  2. CYPIIIA4
  3. Nifedipine oxidase
  4. Taurochenodeoxycholate 6-alpha- hydroxylase
  5. NF-25
  6. P450-PCN1
Enzyme 43 Gene Name CYP3A4
Enzyme 43 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome P450 3A4
MALIPDLAMETWLLLAVSLVLLYLYGTHSHGLFKKLGIPGPTPLPFLGNILSYHKGFCMF
DMECHKKYGKVWGFYDGQQPVLAITDPDMIKTVLVKECYSVFTNRRPFGPVGFMKSAISI
AEDEEWKRLRSLLSPTFTSGKLKEMVPIIAQYGDVLVRNLRREAETGKPVTLKDVFGAYS
MDVITSTSFGVNIDSLNNPQDPFVENTKKLLRFDFLDPFFLSITVFPFLIPILEVLNICV
FPREVTNFLRKSVKRMKESRLEDTQKHRVDFLQLMIDSQNSKETESHKALSDLELVAQSI
IFIFAGYETTSSVLSFIMYELATHPDVQQKLQEEIDAVLPNKAPPTYDTVLQMEYLDMVV
NETLRLFPIAMRLERVCKKDVEINGMFIPKGVVVMIPSYALHRDPKYWTEPEKFLPERFS
KKNKDNIDPYIYTPFGSGPRNCIGMRFALMNMKLALIRVLQNFSFKPCKETQIPLKLSLG
GLLQPEKPVVLKVESRDGTVSGA
Enzyme 43 Number of Residues 503
Enzyme 43 Molecular Weight 57344
Enzyme 43 Theoretical pI 8.25
Enzyme 43 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • tetrapyrrole binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 43 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 43 Specific Function Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide
Enzyme 43 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 43 Reactions
  • quinine + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 3-hydroxyquinine + NADP+ + H2O
Enzyme 43 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 43 Signals
  • 1-29
Enzyme 43 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 43 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 43 GenBank ID Protein 181374 Link Image
Enzyme 43 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P08684 Link Image
Enzyme 43 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP3A4_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 43 PDB ID 1TQN Link Image
Enzyme 43 PDB File Show
Enzyme 43 3D Structure
Enzyme 43 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 43 Gene Sequence >1512 bp
ATGGCTCTCATCCCAGACTTGGCCATGGAAACCTGGCTTCTCCTGGCTGTCAGCCTGGTG
CTCCTCTATCTATATGGAACCCATTCACATGGACTTTTTAAGAAGCTTGGAATTCCAGGG
CCCACACCTCTGCCTTTTTTGGGAAATATTTTGTCCTACCATAAGGGCTTTTGTATGTTT
GACATGGAATGTCATAAAAAGTATGGAAAAGTGTGGGGCTTTTATGATGGTCAACAGCCT
GTGCTGGCTATCACAGATCCTGACATGATCAAAACAGTGCTAGTGAAAGAATGTTATTCT
GTCTTCACAAACCGGAGGCCTTTTGGTCCAGTGGGATTTATGAAAAGTGCCATCTCTATA
GCTGAGGATGAAGAATGGAAGAGATTACGATCATTGCTGTCTCCAACCTTCACCAGTGGA
AAACTCAAGGAGATGGTCCCTATCATTGCCCAGTATGGAGATGTGTTGGTGAGAAATCTG
AGGCGGGAAGCAGAGACAGGCAAGCCTGTCACCTTGAAAGACGTCTTTGGGGCCTACAGC
ATGGATGTGATCACTAGCACATCATTTGGAGTGAACATCGACTCTCTCAACAATCCACAA
GACCCCTTTGTGGAAAACACCAAGAAGCTTTTAAGATTTGATTTTTTGGATCCATTCTTT
CTCTCAATAACAGTCTTTCCATTCCTCATCCCAATTCTTGAAGTATTAAATATCTGTGTG
TTTCCAAGAGAAGTTACAAATTTTTTAAGAAAATCTGTAAAAAGGATGAAAGAAAGTCGC
CTCGAAGATACACAAAAGCACCGAGTGGATTTCCTTCAGCTGATGATTGACTCTCAGAAT
TCAAAAGAAACTGAGTCCCACAAAGCTCTGTCCGATCTGGAGCTCGTGGCCCAATCAATT
ATCTTTATTTTTGCTGGCTATGAAACCACGAGCAGTGTTCTCTCCTTCATTATGTATGAA
CTGGCCACTCACCCTGATGTCCAGCAGAAACTGCAGGAGGAAATTGATGCAGTTTTACCC
AATAAGGCACCACCCACCTATGATACTGTGCTACAGATGGAGTATCTTGACATGGTGGTG
AATGAAACGCTCAGATTATTCCCAATTGCTATGAGACTTGAGAGGGTCTGCAAAAAAGAT
GTTGAGATCAATGGGATGTTCATTCCCAAAGGGGTGGTGGTGATGATTCCAAGCTATGCT
CTTCACCGTGACCCAAAGTACTGGACAGAGCCTGAGAAGTTCCTCCCTGAAAGATTCAGC
AAGAAGAACAAGGACAACATAGATCCTTACATATACACACCCTTTGGAAGTGGACCCAGA
AACTGCATTGGCATGAGGTTTGCTCTCATGAACATGAAACTTGCTCTAATCAGAGTCCTT
CAGAACTTCTCCTTCAAACCTTGTAAAGAAACACAGATCCCCCTGAAATTAAGCTTAGGA
GGACTTCTTCAACCAGAAAAACCCGTTGTTCTAAAGGTTGAGTCAAGGGATGGCACCGTA
AGTGGAGCCTGA
Enzyme 43 GenBank Gene ID M18907 Link Image
Enzyme 43 GeneCard ID CYP3A4 Link Image
Enzyme 43 GenAtlas ID CYP3A4 Link Image
Enzyme 43 HGNC ID HGNC:2637 Link Image
Enzyme 43 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 43 Locus 7q21.1
Enzyme 43 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 43 General References
  1. Gonzalez FJ, Schmid BJ, Umeno M, Mcbride OW, Hardwick JP, Meyer UA, Gelboin HV, Idle JR: Human P450PCN1: sequence, chromosome localization, and direct evidence through cDNA expression that P450PCN1 is nifedipine oxidase. DNA. 1988 Mar;7(2):79-86. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Beaune PH, Umbenhauer DR, Bork RW, Lloyd RS, Guengerich FP: Isolation and sequence determination of a cDNA clone related to human cytochrome P-450 nifedipine oxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8064-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Spurr NK, Gough AC, Stevenson K, Wolf CR: The human cytochrome P450 CYP3 locus: assignment to chromosome 7q22-qter. Hum Genet. 1989 Jan;81(2):171-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bork RW, Muto T, Beaune PH, Srivastava PK, Lloyd RS, Guengerich FP: Characterization of mRNA species related to human liver cytochrome P-450 nifedipine oxidase and the regulation of catalytic activity. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 15;264(2):910-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Chen Q, Wu J, Yu Y: [Establishment of transgenic cell line CHL-3A4 and its metabolic activation] Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1998 Sep;32(5):281-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gellner K, Eiselt R, Hustert E, Arnold H, Koch I, Haberl M, Deglmann CJ, Burk O, Buntefuss D, Escher S, Bishop C, Koebe HG, Brinkmann U, Klenk HP, Kleine K, Meyer UA, Wojnowski L: Genomic organization of the human CYP3A locus: identification of a new, inducible CYP3A gene. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Mar;11(2):111-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hsieh KP, Lin YY, Cheng CL, Lai ML, Lin MS, Siest JP, Huang JD: Novel mutations of CYP3A4 in Chinese. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Mar;29(3):268-73. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Komori M, Hashizume T, Ohi H, Miura T, Kitada M, Nagashima K, Kamataki T: Cytochrome P-450 in human liver microsomes: high-performance liquid chromatographic isolation of three forms and their characterization. J Biochem. 1988 Dec;104(6):912-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Zhang H, Coville PF, Walker RJ, Miners JO, Birkett DJ, Wanwimolruk S: Evidence for involvement of human CYP3A in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1997 Mar;43(3):245-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Zhao XJ, Kawashiro T, Ishizaki T: Mutual inhibition between quinine and etoposide by human liver microsomes. Evidence for cytochrome P4503A4 involvement in their major metabolic pathways. Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Feb;26(2):188-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Sata F, Sapone A, Elizondo G, Stocker P, Miller VP, Zheng W, Raunio H, Crespi CL, Gonzalez FJ: CYP3A4 allelic variants with amino acid substitutions in exons 7 and 12: evidence for an allelic variant with altered catalytic activity. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jan;67(1):48-56. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Dai D, Tang J, Rose R, Hodgson E, Bienstock RJ, Mohrenweiser HW, Goldstein JA: Identification of variants of CYP3A4 and characterization of their abilities to metabolize testosterone and chlorpyrifos. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Dec;299(3):825-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Eiselt R, Domanski TL, Zibat A, Mueller R, Presecan-Siedel E, Hustert E, Zanger UM, Brockmoller J, Klenk HP, Meyer UA, Khan KK, He YA, Halpert JR, Wojnowski L: Identification and functional characterization of eight CYP3A4 protein variants. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Jul;11(5):447-58. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Lamba JK, Lin YS, Thummel K, Daly A, Watkins PB, Strom S, Zhang J, Schuetz EG: Common allelic variants of cytochrome P4503A4 and their prevalence in different populations. Pharmacogenetics. 2002 Mar;12(2):121-32. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 43 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 44 [top]
Enzyme 44 ID 6324
Enzyme 44 Name Cytochrome P450 2C9
Enzyme 44 Synonyms
  1. (R-limonene 6-monooxygenase
  2. (S-limonene 6-monooxygenase
  3. (S- limonene 7-monooxygenase
  4. CYPIIC9
  5. P450 PB-1
  6. P450 MP-4/MP-8
  7. S- mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase
  8. P-450MP
Enzyme 44 Gene Name CYP2C9
Enzyme 44 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome P450 2C9
MDSLVVLVLCLSCLLLLSLWRQSSGRGKLPPGPTPLPVIGNILQIGIKDISKSLTNLSKV
YGPVFTLYFGLKPIVVLHGYEAVKEALIDLGEEFSGRGIFPLAERANRGFGIVFSNGKKW
KEIRRFSLMTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEARCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
IIFHKRFDYKDQQFLNLMEKLNENIKILSSPWIQICNNFSPIIDYFPGTHNKLLKNVAFM
KSYILEKVKEHQESMDMNNPQDFIDCFLMKMEKEKHNQPSEFTIESLENTAVDLFGAGTE
TTSTTLRYALLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIERVIGRNRSPCMQDRSHMPYTDAVVHEVQRYID
LLPTSLPHAVTCDIKFRNYLIPKGTTILISLTSVLHDNKEFPNPEMFDPHHFLDEGGNFK
KSKYFMPFSAGKRICVGEALAGMELFLFLTSILQNFNLKSLVDPKNLDTTPVVNGFASVP
PFYQLCFIPV
Enzyme 44 Number of Residues 490
Enzyme 44 Molecular Weight 55629
Enzyme 44 Theoretical pI 7.99
Enzyme 44 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • tetrapyrrole binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 44 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 44 Specific Function Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S- warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan
Enzyme 44 Pathways
Enzyme 44 Reactions
  • (+)-(R)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (+)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O
Enzyme 44 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 44 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 44 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 44 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 44 GenBank ID Protein 181366 Link Image
Enzyme 44 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11712 Link Image
Enzyme 44 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP2C9_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 44 PDB ID 1R9O Link Image
Enzyme 44 PDB File Show
Enzyme 44 3D Structure
Enzyme 44 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 44 Gene Sequence >1152 bp
AGAGGATTTGGAATTGTTTTCAGCAATGGAAAGAAATGGAAGGAGATCCGGCGTTTCTCC
CTCATGACGCTGCGGAATTTTGGGATGGGGAAGAGGAGCATTGAGGACCGTGTTCAAGAG
GAAGCCCGCTGCCTTGTGGAGGAGTTGAGAAAAACCAAGGCCTCACCCTGTGATCCCACT
TTCATCCTGGGCTGTGCTCCCTGCAATGTGATCTGCTCCATTATTTTCCATAAACGTTTT
GATTATAAAGATCAGCAATTTCTTAACTTAATGGAAAAGTTGAATGAAAACATCAAGATT
TTGAGCAGCCCCTGGATCCAGATCTGCAATAATTTTTCTCCTATCATTGATTACTTCCCG
GGAACTCACAACAAATTACTTAAAAACGTTGCTTTTATGAAAAGTTATATTTTGGAAAAA
GTAAAAGAACACCAAGAATCAATGGACATGAACAACCCTCAGGACTTTATTGATTGCTTC
CTGATGAAAATGGAGAAGGAAAAGCACAACCAACCATCAGAATTTACTATTGAAAGCTTG
GAAAACACTGCAGTTGACTTGTTTGGAGCTGGGACAGAGACGACAAGCACAACCCTGAGA
TATGCTCTCCTTCTCCTGCTGAAGCACCCAGAGGTCACAGCTAAAGTCCAGGAAGAGATT
GAACGTGTGATTGGCAGAAACCGGAGCCCCTGCATGCAAGACAGGAGCCACATGCCCTAC
ACAGATGCTGTGGTGCACGAGGTCCAGAGATGCATTGACCTTCTCCCCACCAGCCTGCCC
CATGCAGTGACCTGTGACATTAAATTCAGAAACTATCTCATTCCCAAGGGCACAACCATA
TTAATTTCCCTGACTTCTGTGCTACATGACAACAAAGAATTTCCCAACCCAGAGATGTTT
GACCCTCATCACTTTCTGGATGAAGGTGGCAATTTTAAGAAAAGTAAATACTTCATGCCT
TTCTCAGCAGGAAAACGGATTTGTGTGGGAGAAGCCCTGGCCGGCATGGAGCTGTTTTTA
TTCCTGACCTCCATTTTACAGAACTTTAACCTGAAATCTCTGGTTGACCCAAAGAACCTT
GACACCACTCCAGTTGTCAATGGATTTGCCTCTGTGCCGCCCTTCTACCAGCTGTGCTTC
ATTCCTGTCTGA
Enzyme 44 GenBank Gene ID M21940 Link Image
Enzyme 44 GeneCard ID CYP2C9 Link Image
Enzyme 44 GenAtlas ID CYP2C9 Link Image
Enzyme 44 HGNC ID HGNC:2623 Link Image
Enzyme 44 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 44 Locus 10q24
Enzyme 44 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 44 General References
  1. Meehan RR, Gosden JR, Rout D, Hastie ND, Friedberg T, Adesnik M, Buckland R, van Heyningen V, Fletcher J, Spurr NK, et al.: Human cytochrome P-450 PB-1: a multigene family involved in mephenytoin and steroid oxidations that maps to chromosome 10. Am J Hum Genet. 1988 Jan;42(1):26-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kimura S, Pastewka J, Gelboin HV, Gonzalez FJ: cDNA and amino acid sequences of two members of the human P450IIC gene subfamily. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 10;15(23):10053-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Yasumori T, Kawano S, Nagata K, Shimada M, Yamazoe Y, Kato R: Nucleotide sequence of a human liver cytochrome P-450 related to the rat male specific form. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1987 Nov;102(5):1075-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Umbenhauer DR, Martin MV, Lloyd RS, Guengerich FP: Cloning and sequence determination of a complementary DNA related to human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase. Biochemistry. 1987 Feb 24;26(4):1094-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ged C, Umbenhauer DR, Bellew TM, Bork RW, Srivastava PK, Shinriki N, Lloyd RS, Guengerich FP: Characterization of cDNAs, mRNAs, and proteins related to human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 (S)-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase. Biochemistry. 1988 Sep 6;27(18):6929-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Ohgiya S, Komori M, Ohi H, Shiramatsu K, Shinriki N, Kamataki T: Six-base deletion occurring in messages of human cytochrome P-450 in the CYP2C subfamily results in reduction of tolbutamide hydroxylase activity. Biochem Int. 1992 Sep;27(6):1073-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Shimada T, Misono KS, Guengerich FP: Human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase, a prototype of genetic polymorphism in oxidative drug metabolism. Purification and characterization of two similar forms involved in the reaction. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 15;261(2):909-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Komori M, Hashizume T, Ohi H, Miura T, Kitada M, Nagashima K, Kamataki T: Cytochrome P-450 in human liver microsomes: high-performance liquid chromatographic isolation of three forms and their characterization. J Biochem. 1988 Dec;104(6):912-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Srivastava PK, Yun CH, Beaune PH, Ged C, Guengerich FP: Separation of human liver microsomal tolbutamide hydroxylase and (S)-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Jul;40(1):69-79. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Haining RL, Hunter AP, Veronese ME, Trager WF, Rettie AE: Allelic variants of human cytochrome P450 2C9: baculovirus-mediated expression, purification, structural characterization, substrate stereoselectivity, and prochiral selectivity of the wild-type and I359L mutant forms. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1996 Sep 15;333(2):447-58. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Sandhu P, Baba T, Guengerich FP: Expression of modified cytochrome P450 2C10 (2C9) in Escherichia coli, purification, and reconstitution of catalytic activity. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 Nov 1;306(2):443-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Miyazawa M, Shindo M, Shimada T: Metabolism of (+)- and (-)-limonenes to respective carveols and perillyl alcohols by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 May;30(5):602-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Williams PA, Cosme J, Ward A, Angove HC, Matak Vinkovic D, Jhoti H: Crystal structure of human cytochrome P450 2C9 with bound warfarin. Nature. 2003 Jul 24;424(6947):464-8. Epub 2003 Jul 13. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Stubbins MJ, Harries LW, Smith G, Tarbit MH, Wolf CR: Genetic analysis of the human cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 locus. Pharmacogenetics. 1996 Oct;6(5):429-39. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Bhasker CR, Miners JO, Coulter S, Birkett DJ: Allelic and functional variability of cytochrome P4502C9. Pharmacogenetics. 1997 Feb;7(1):51-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Imai J, Ieiri I, Mamiya K, Miyahara S, Furuumi H, Nanba E, Yamane M, Fukumaki Y, Ninomiya H, Tashiro N, Otsubo K, Higuchi S: Polymorphism of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 gene in Japanese epileptic patients: genetic analysis of the CYP2C9 locus. Pharmacogenetics. 2000 Feb;10(1):85-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Dickmann LJ, Rettie AE, Kneller MB, Kim RB, Wood AJ, Stein CM, Wilkinson GR, Schwarz UI: Identification and functional characterization of a new CYP2C9 variant (CYP2C9*5) expressed among African Americans. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Aug;60(2):382-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Higashi MK, Veenstra DL, Kondo LM, Wittkowsky AK, Srinouanprachanh SL, Farin FM, Rettie AE: Association between CYP2C9 genetic variants and anticoagulation-related outcomes during warfarin therapy. JAMA. 2002 Apr 3;287(13):1690-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 44 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 45 [top]
Enzyme 45 ID 6326
Enzyme 45 Name Cytochrome P450 2C19
Enzyme 45 Synonyms
  1. (R-limonene 6-monooxygenase
  2. (S-limonene 6-monooxygenase
  3. (S- limonene 7-monooxygenase
  4. CYPIIC19
  5. P450-11A
  6. Mephenytoin 4- hydroxylase
  7. CYPIIC17
  8. P450-254C
Enzyme 45 Gene Name CYP2C19
Enzyme 45 Protein Sequence >Cytochrome P450 2C19
MDPFVVLVLCLSCLLLLSIWRQSSGRGKLPPGPTPLPVIGNILQIDIKDVSKSLTNLSKI
YGPVFTLYFGLERMVVLHGYEVVKEALIDLGEEFSGRGHFPLAERANRGFGIVFSNGKRW
KEIRRFSLMTLRNFGMGKRSIEDRVQEEARCLVEELRKTKASPCDPTFILGCAPCNVICS
IIFQKRFDYKDQQFLNLMEKLNENIRIVSTPWIQICNNFPTIIDYFPGTHNKLLKNLAFM
ESDILEKVKEHQESMDINNPRDFIDCFLIKMEKEKQNQQSEFTIENLVITAADLLGAGTE
TTSTTLRYALLLLLKHPEVTAKVQEEIERVVGRNRSPCMQDRGHMPYTDAVVHEVQRYID
LIPTSLPHAVTCDVKFRNYLIPKGTTILTSLTSVLHDNKEFPNPEMFDPRHFLDEGGNFK
KSNYFMPFSAGKRICVGEGLARMELFLFLTFILQNFNLKSLIDPKDLDTTPVVNGFASVP
PFYQLCFIPV
Enzyme 45 Number of Residues 490
Enzyme 45 Molecular Weight 55932
Enzyme 45 Theoretical pI 7.42
Enzyme 45 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • heme binding
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • monooxygenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
  • tetrapyrrole binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • electron transport
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 45 General Function Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Enzyme 45 Specific Function Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine
Enzyme 45 Pathways
Enzyme 45 Reactions
  • (+)-(R)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (+)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O
Enzyme 45 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 45 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 45 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 45 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 45 GenBank ID Protein 181344 Link Image
Enzyme 45 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P33261 Link Image
Enzyme 45 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CP2CJ_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 45 PDB ID 1R9O Link Image
Enzyme 45 PDB File Show
Enzyme 45 3D Structure
Enzyme 45 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 45 Gene Sequence >1473 bp
ATGGATCCTTTTGTGGTCCTTGTGCTCTGTCTCTCATGTTTGCTTCTCCTTTCAATCTGG
AGACAGAGCTCTGGGAGAGGAAAACTCCCTCCTGGCCCCACTCCTCTCCCAGTGATTGGA
AATATCCTACAGATAGATATTAAGGATGTCAGCAAATCCTTAACCAATCTCTCAAAAATC
TATGGCCCTGTGTTCACTCTGTATTTTGGCCTGGAACGCATGGTGGTGCTGCATGGATAT
GAAGTGGTGAAGGAAGCCCTGATTGATCTTGGAGAGGAGTTTTCTGGAAGAGGCCATTTC
CCACTGGCTGAAAGAGCTAACAGAGGATTTGGAATCGTTTTCAGCAATGGAAAGAGATGG
AAGGAGATCCGGCGTTTCTCCCTCATGACGCTGCGGAATTTTGGGATGGGGAAGAGGAGC
ATTGAGGACCGTGTTCAAGAGGAAGCCCGCTGCCTTGTGGAGGAGTTGAGAAAAACCAAG
GCTTCACCCTGTGATCCCACTTTCATCCTGGGCTGTGCTCCCTGCAATGTGATCTGCTCC
ATTATTTTCCAGAAACGTTTCGATTATAAAGATCAGCAATTTCTTAACTTGATGGAAAAA
TTGAATGAAAACATCAGGATTGTAAGCACCCCCTGGATCCAGATATGCAATAATTTTCCC
ACTATCATTGATTATTTCCCGGGAACCCATAACAAATTACTTAAAAACCTTGCTTTTATG
GAAAGTGATATTTTGGAGAAAGTAAAAGAACACCAAGAATCGATGGACATCAACAACCCT
CGGGACTTTATTGATTGCTTCCTGATCAAAATGGAGAAGGAAAAGCAAAACCAACAGTCT
GAATTCACTATTGAAAACTTGGTAATCACTGCAGCTGACTTACTTGGAGCTGGGACAGAG
ACAACAAGCACAACCCTGAGATATGCTCTCCTTCTCCTGCTGAAGCACCCAGAGGTCACA
GCTAAAGTCCAGGAAGAGATTGAACGTGTCATTGGCAGAAACCGGAGCCCCTGCATGCAG
GACAGGGGCCACATGCCCTACACAGATGCTGTGGTGCACGAGGTCCAGAGATACATCGAC
CTCATCCCCACCAGCCTGCCCCATGCAGTGACCTGTGACGTTAAATTCAGAAACTACCTC
ATTCCCAAGGGCACAACCATATTAACTTCCCTCACTTCTGTGCTACATGACAACAAAGAA
TTTCCCAACCCAGAGATGTTTGACCCTCGTCACTTTCTGGATGAAGGTGGAAATTTTAAG
AAAAGTAACTACTTCATGCCTTTCTCAGCAGGAAAACGGATTTGTGTGGGAGAGGGCCTG
GCCCGCATGGAGCTGTTTTTATTCCTGACCTTCATTTTACAGAACTTTAACCTGAAATCT
CTGATTGACCCAAAGGACCTTGACACAACTCCTGTTGTCAATGGATTTGCTTCTGTCCCG
CCCTTCTATCAGCTGTGCTTCATTCCTGTCTGA
Enzyme 45 GenBank Gene ID M61854 Link Image
Enzyme 45 GeneCard ID CYP2C19 Link Image
Enzyme 45 GenAtlas ID CYP2C19 Link Image
Enzyme 45 HGNC ID HGNC:2621 Link Image
Enzyme 45 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 45 Locus 10q24.1-q24.3
Enzyme 45 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 45 General References
  1. Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA: Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily. Biochemistry. 1991 Apr 2;30(13):3247-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA: Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome PH50IIC subfamily. Biochemistry. 1993 Feb 9;32(5):1390. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Miyazawa M, Shindo M, Shimada T: Metabolism of (+)- and (-)-limonenes to respective carveols and perillyl alcohols by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 May;30(5):602-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. de Morais SM, Wilkinson GR, Blaisdell J, Nakamura K, Meyer UA, Goldstein JA: The major genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of S-mephenytoin metabolism in humans. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 3;269(22):15419-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. De Morais SM, Wilkinson GR, Blaisdell J, Meyer UA, Nakamura K, Goldstein JA: Identification of a new genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of (S)-mephenytoin metabolism in Japanese. Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Oct;46(4):594-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Xiao ZS, Goldstein JA, Xie HG, Blaisdell J, Wang W, Jiang CH, Yan FX, He N, Huang SL, Xu ZH, Zhou HH: Differences in the incidence of the CYP2C19 polymorphism affecting the S-mephenytoin phenotype in Chinese Han and Bai populations and identification of a new rare CYP2C19 mutant allele. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Apr;281(1):604-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ibeanu GC, Goldstein JA, Meyer U, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Dayer P, Ghanayem BI, Blaisdell J: Identification of new human CYP2C19 alleles (CYP2C19*6 and CYP2C19*2B) in a Caucasian poor metabolizer of mephenytoin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Sep;286(3):1490-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Ibeanu GC, Blaisdell J, Ghanayem BI, Beyeler C, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Wilkinson GR, Dayer P, Daly AK, Goldstein JA: An additional defective allele, CYP2C19*5, contributes to the S-mephenytoin poor metabolizer phenotype in Caucasians. Pharmacogenetics. 1998 Apr;8(2):129-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Ibeanu GC, Blaisdell J, Ferguson RJ, Ghanayem BI, Brosen K, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Wilkinson GR, Dayer P, Goldstein JA: A novel transversion in the intron 5 donor splice junction of CYP2C19 and a sequence polymorphism in exon 3 contribute to the poor metabolizer phenotype for the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Aug;290(2):635-40. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 45 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 46 [top]
Enzyme 46 ID 6335
Enzyme 46 Name Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
Enzyme 46 Synonyms
  1. Long chain acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase
  2. CTE-II
  3. CTE-IIa
  4. Brain acyl-CoA hydrolase
  5. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 7
Enzyme 46 Gene Name ACOT7
Enzyme 46 Protein Sequence >Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
MKLLARALRLCEFGRQASSRRLVAGQGCVGPRRGCCAPVQVVGPRADLPPCGACITGRIM
RPDDANVAGNVHGGTILKMIEEAGAIISTRHCNSQNGERCVAALARVERTDFLSPMCIGE
VAHVSAEITYTSKHSVEVQVNVMSENILTGAKKLTNKATLWYVPLSLKNVDKVLEVPPVV
YSRQEQEEEGRKRYEAQKLERMETKWRNGDIVQPVLNPEPNTVSYSQSSLIHLVGPSDCT
LHGFVHGGVTMKLMDEVAGIVAARHCKTNIVTASVDAINFHDKIRKGCVITISGRMTFTS
NKSMEIEVLVDADPVVDSSQKRYRAASAFFTYVSLSQEGRSLPVPQLVPETEDEKKRFEE
GKGRYLQMKAKRQGHAEPQP
Enzyme 46 Number of Residues 380
Enzyme 46 Molecular Weight 41797
Enzyme 46 Theoretical pI 8.66
Enzyme 46 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 46 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 46 Specific Function Acyl-CoA thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. May play an important physiological function in brain. May play a regulatory role by modulating the cellular levels of fatty acyl- CoA ligands for certain transcription factors as well as the substrates for fatty acid metabolizing enzymes, contributing to lipid homeostasis. Has broad specificity, active towards fatty acyl-CoAs with chain-lengths of C8-C18. Has a maximal activity toward palmitoyl-CoA
Enzyme 46 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 46 Reactions
  • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate
Enzyme 46 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 46 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 46 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 46 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 46 GenBank ID Protein 2780414 Link Image
Enzyme 46 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00154 Link Image
Enzyme 46 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name BACH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 46 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 46 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 46 Gene Sequence >1017 bp
ATGTCGGGCCCAGACGTCGAGACGCCGTCCGCCATCCAGATCTGCCGGATCATGCGGCCA
GATGATGCCAACGTGGCCGGCAATGTCCACGGGGGGACCATCCTGAAGATGATCGAGGAG
GCAGGCGCCATCATCAGCACCCGGCATTGCAACAGCCAGAACGGGGAGCGCTGTGTGGCC
GCCCTGGCTCGTGTCGAGCGCACCGACTTCCTGTCTCCCATGTGCATCGGTGAGGTGGCG
CATGTCAGCGCGGAGATCACCTACACCTCCAAGCACTCTGTGGAGGTGCAGGTCAACGTG
ATGTCCGAAAACATCCTCACAGGTGCCAAAAAGCTGACCAATAAGGCCACCCTGTGGTAT
GTGCCCCTGTCGCTGAAGAATGTGGACAAGGTCCTCGAGGTGCCTCCTGTTGTGTATTCC
CGGCAGGAGCAGGAGGAGGAGGGCCGGAAGCGGTATGAAGCCCAGAAGCTGGAGCGCATG
GAGACCAAGTGGAGGAACGGGGACATCGTCCAGCCAGTCCTCAACCCAGAGCCGAACACT
GTCAGCTACAGCCAGTCCAGCTTGATCCACCTGGTGGGGCCTTCAGACTGCACCCTGCAC
GGCTTTGTGCACGGAGGTGTGACCATGAAGCTCATGGATGAGGTCGCCGGGATCGTGGCT
GCACGCCACTGCAAGACCAACATCGTCACAGCTTCCGTGGACGCCATTAATTTTCATGAC
AAGATCAGAAAAGGCTGCGTCATCACCATCTCGGGACGCATGACCTTCACGAGCAATAAG
TCCATGGAGATCGAGGTGTTGGTGGACGCCGACCCTGTTGTGGACAGCTCTCAGAAGCGC
TACCGGGCCGCCAGTGCCTTCTTCACCTACGTGTCGCTGAGCCAGGAAGGCAGGTCGCTG
CCTGTGCCCCAGCTGGTGCCCGAGACCGAGGACGAGAAGAAGCGCTTTGAGGAAGGCAAA
GGGCGGTACCTGCAGATGAAGGCGAAGCGACAGGGCCACGCGGAGCCTCAGCCCTAG
Enzyme 46 GenBank Gene ID D88894 Link Image
Enzyme 46 GeneCard ID ACOT7 Link Image
Enzyme 46 GenAtlas ID ACOT7 Link Image
Enzyme 46 HGNC ID HGNC:24157 Link Image
Enzyme 46 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 46 Locus 1p36.31-p36.11
Enzyme 46 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 46 General References
  1. Yamada J, Kurata A, Hirata M, Taniguchi T, Takama H, Furihata T, Shiratori K, Iida N, Takagi-Sakuma M, Watanabe T, Kurosaki K, Endo T, Suga T: Purification, molecular cloning, and genomic organization of human brain long-chain acyl-CoA hydrolase. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1999 Dec;126(6):1013-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 46 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 47 [top]
Enzyme 47 ID 6336
Enzyme 47 Name Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2
Enzyme 47 Synonyms
  1. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 2
  2. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A thioester hydrolase 2a
  3. Peroxisomal long-chain acyl-coA thioesterase 2
  4. ZAP128
  5. CTE-Ia
Enzyme 47 Gene Name ACOT2
Enzyme 47 Protein Sequence >Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2
MSNKLLSPHPHSVVLRSEFKMASSPAVLRASRLYQWSLKSSAQFLGSPQLRQVGQIIRVP
ARMAATLILEPAGRCCWDEPVRIAVRGLAPEQPVTLRASLRDEKGALFQAHARYRADTLG
ELDLERAPALGGSFAGLEPMGLLWALEPEKPLVRLVKRDVRTPLAVELEVLDGHDPDPGR
LLCQTRHERYFLPPGVRREPVRVGRVRGTLFLPPEPGPFPGIVDMFGTGGGLLEYRASLL
AGKGFAVMALAYYNYEDLPKTMETLHLEYFEEAMNYLLSHPEVKGPGVGLLGISKGGELC
LSMASFLKGITAAVVINGSVANVGGTLRYKGETLPPVGVNRNRIKVTKDGYADIVDVLNS
PLEGPDQKSFIPVERAESTFLFLVGQDDHNWKSEFYANEACKRLQAHGRRKPQIICYPET
GHYIEPPYFPLCRASLHALVGSPIIWGGEPRAHAMAQVDAWKQLQTFFHKHLGGREGTIP
SKV
Enzyme 47 Number of Residues 483
Enzyme 47 Molecular Weight 53257
Enzyme 47 Theoretical pI 8.93
Enzyme 47 GO Classification
Function
  • CoA hydrolase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity
  • thiolester hydrolase activity
Process
  • lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
Enzyme 47 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 47 Specific Function Acyl-CoA thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. Displays high levels of activity on medium- and long chain acyl CoAs
Enzyme 47 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 47 Reactions
  • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate
Enzyme 47 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 47 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 47 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 47 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 47 GenBank ID Protein 887376 Link Image
Enzyme 47 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49753 Link Image
Enzyme 47 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACOT2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 47 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 47 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 47 Gene Sequence >937 bp
CCCCCGGGCTGCAGGAATTCCTGAATTCAAAATGGCCTCATCTCCTGCTGTCCTTCGAGC
GTCCCGGCTGTACCAATGGAGCCTGAAGAGTTCGGCGCAGTTCCTGGGGTCTCCACAGCT
GAGGCAGAACCTGGGCCCTTTCCTGGGATTGTGGACATGTTCGGGAACTGGAGGTGGCCT
GCTGGAGTATCGGGCTAGTCTGCTGGCTGGGAAGGGTTTTGCTGTGATGGCTCTGGCTTA
TTATAACTATGAAGACCTCCCCAAGACCATGGAGACGCTCCATCTGGAGTACTTTGAAGA
AGCCATGAACTACTTGCTCAGTCATCCCGAGGTAAAAGGTCCAGGAGTTGGGCTGCTTGG
AATTTCCAAAGGGGGTGAGCTCTGCCTTTCCATGGCCTCTTTCCTGAAGGGCATCACGGC
TGCTGTCGTCATCAACGGCTCTGTGGCCAATGTTGGGGGAACCTTACACTACAAGGGCGA
GACCCTGCCCCCTGTGGGCGTCAACAGAAATCGCATCAAGGTGACCAAAGATGGCTATGC
AGACATTGTGGATGTCCTGAACAGCCCTTTGGAAGGACCTGACCAGAAGAGCTTCATTCC
TGTGGAAAGGGCAGAGAGCACCTTCCTGTTCCTGGTAGGTCAGGATGACCACAACTGGAA
GAGTGAGTTCTATGCTAATGAGGCCTGTAAACGCTTGCAGGCCCATGGGAGGAGAAAGCC
CCAGATCATCTGTTACCCAGAGACAGGGCACTATATTGAGCCTCCTTACTTCCCCCTGTG
TCGGGCTTCCCTGCATGCCTTGGTGGGCAGTCCTATTATCTGGGGAGGGGAGCCCAGGGC
TCATGCCATGGCTCAGGTGGATGCTTGGAAACAACTCCAGACTTTCTTCCACAAACACTT
GGGTGGCCACGAGGGGACAATCCCATCAAAAGTGTAA
Enzyme 47 GenBank Gene ID L40401 Link Image
Enzyme 47 GeneCard ID ACOT2 Link Image
Enzyme 47 GenAtlas ID ACOT2 Link Image
Enzyme 47 HGNC ID HGNC:18431 Link Image
Enzyme 47 Chromosome Location 14
Enzyme 47 Locus 14q24.3
Enzyme 47 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 47 General References
  1. Sherrington R, Rogaev EI, Liang Y, Rogaeva EA, Levesque G, Ikeda M, Chi H, Lin C, Li G, Holman K, et al.: Cloning of a gene bearing missense mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. Nature. 1995 Jun 29;375(6534):754-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Jones JM, Gould SJ: Identification of PTE2, a human peroxisomal long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Aug 18;275(1):233-40. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 47 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 48 [top]
Enzyme 48 ID 6338
Enzyme 48 Name Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
Enzyme 48 Synonyms
  1. Choloyl-coenzyme A thioesterase
  2. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 8
  3. Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A thioester hydrolase 1
  4. PTE-1
  5. Peroxisomal long-chain acyl-coA thioesterase 1
  6. HIV-Nef-associated acyl coA thioesterase
  7. Thioesterase II
  8. hTE
  9. hACTEIII
  10. hACTE-III
  11. PTE-2
Enzyme 48 Gene Name ACOT8
Enzyme 48 Protein Sequence >Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
MSSPQAPEDGQGCGDRGDPPGDLRSVLVTTVLNLEPLDEDLFRGRHYWVPAKRLFGGQIV
GQALVAAAKSVSEDVHVHSLHCYFVRAGDPKLPVLYQVERTRTGSSFSVRSVKAVQHGKP
IFICQASFQQAQPSPMQHQFSMPTVPPPEELLDCETLIDQYLRDPNLQKRYPLALNRIAA
QEVPIEIKPVNPSPLSQLQRMEPKQMFWVRARGYIGEGDMKMHCCVAAYISDYAFLGTAL
LPHQWQHKVHFMVSLDHSMWFHAPFRADHWMLYECESPWAGGSRGLVHGRLWRQDGVLAV
TCAQEGVIRVKPQVSESKL
Enzyme 48 Number of Residues 319
Enzyme 48 Molecular Weight 35915
Enzyme 48 Theoretical pI 7.60
Enzyme 48 GO Classification
Function
  • CoA hydrolase activity
  • acyl-CoA thioesterase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • thiolester hydrolase activity
Process
  • acyl-CoA metabolism
  • carboxylic acid metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • organic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
Enzyme 48 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 48 Specific Function Acyl-CoA thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. May mediate Nef-induced down-regulation of CD4. Major thioesterase in peroxisomes. Competes with BAAT (Bile acid CoA:amino acid N- acyltransferase) for bile acid-CoA substrate (such as chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA). Shows a preference for medium-length fatty acyl-CoAs. May be involved in the metabolic regulation of peroxisome proliferation
Enzyme 48 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 48 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 48 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 48 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 48 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 48 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 48 GenBank ID Protein 2318125 Link Image
Enzyme 48 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14734 Link Image
Enzyme 48 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACOT8_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 48 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 48 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 48 Gene Sequence >960 bp
ATGTCGTCCCCGCAGGCCCCAGAAGATGGGCAGGGCTGTGGCGACCGCGGCGATCCCCCT
GGGGACCTCCGTAGCGTCTTGGTCACGACCGTGCTCAACCTCGAGCCGCTGGACGAGGAT
CTCTTCAGAGGAAGGCATTACTGGGTACCGGCCAAGAGGCTGTTTGGTGGTCAGATCGTG
GGCCAGGCCCTGGTGGCTGCAGCCAAGTCTGTGAGTGAAGACGTCCACGTGCACTCCCTG
CACTGCTACTTTGTTCGGGCAGGGGACCCGAAGCTGCCAGTACTGTACCAAGTGGAGCGG
ACACGAACAGGGTCGAGCTTCTCGGTGCGCTCTGTGAAGGCCGTGCAACATGGGAAGCCC
ATCTTCATCTGCCAGGCCTCCTTCCAGCAGGCCCAGCCCAGCCCCATGCAGCACCAGTTC
TCCATGCCCACTGTGCCACCACCAGAAGAGCTGCTTGACTGTGAGACCCTCATTGACCAG
TATTTAAGGGACCCTAACCTCCAAAAGAGGTACCCATTGGCGCTCAACCGAATTGCTGCT
CAGGAGGTCCCCATTGAGATCAAGCCAGTAAACCCATCCCCCCTGAGCCAGCTGCAGAGA
ATGGAGCCCAAACAGATGTTCTGGGTGCGAGCCCGGGGCTATATTGGCGAGGGCGACATG
AAGATGCACTGCTGCGTGGCCGCCTATATCTCCGACTATGCCTTCTTGGGCACTGCACTG
CTGCCTCACCAGTGGCAGCACAAGGTGCACTTCATGGTCTCACTGGACCATTCCATGTGG
TTCCACGCCCCCTTCCGAGCTGACCACTGGATGCTCTATGAATGCGAGAGCCCCTGGGCC
GGTGGCTCTCGGGGGCTGGTCCATGGGCGGCTGTGGCGTCAGGATGGAGTCCTAGCTGTG
ACCTGTGCCCAGGAGGGCGTGATCCGAGTGAAGCCCCAGGTCTCAGAGAGCAAGCTGTAG
Enzyme 48 GenBank Gene ID AF014404 Link Image
Enzyme 48 GeneCard ID ACOT8 Link Image
Enzyme 48 GenAtlas ID ACOT8 Link Image
Enzyme 48 HGNC ID HGNC:15919 Link Image
Enzyme 48 Chromosome Location 20
Enzyme 48 Locus 20q13.12
Enzyme 48 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 48 General References
  1. Watanabe H, Shiratori T, Shoji H, Miyatake S, Okazaki Y, Ikuta K, Sato T, Saito T: A novel acyl-CoA thioesterase enhances its enzymatic activity by direct binding with HIV Nef. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Sep 8;238(1):234-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Liu LX, Margottin F, Le Gall S, Schwartz O, Selig L, Benarous R, Benichou S: Binding of HIV-1 Nef to a novel thioesterase enzyme correlates with Nef-mediated CD4 down-regulation. J Biol Chem. 1997 May 23;272(21):13779-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Jones JM, Nau K, Geraghty MT, Erdmann R, Gould SJ: Identification of peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterases in yeast and humans. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 2;274(14):9216-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hunt MC, Alexson SE: The role