Hmdb loader
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2017-09-08 16:53:25 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 03:18:07 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0112262
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common Namegamma-Carotene
Descriptiongamma-Carotene is a cyclic carotene obtained by the cyclization of lycopene. It is found in human serum and breast milk (PMID: 9164160 ). Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds, and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesize carotenoids de novo and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer-preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important (PMID: 1416048 , 15003396 ).
Structure
Data?1584034028
Synonyms
ValueSource
g-CaroteneGenerator
γ-CaroteneGenerator
gamma-CaroteneHMDB
all-trans-gamma-CaroteneHMDB
all-trans-γ-CaroteneHMDB
Chemical FormulaC40H56
Average Molecular Weight536.888
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight536.438201803
IUPAC Name2-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E,19E)-3,7,12,16,20,24-hexamethylpentacosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,23-undecaen-1-yl]-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene
Traditional Namegamma-carotene
CAS Registry Number472-93-5
SMILES
CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C40H56/c1-32(2)18-13-21-35(5)24-15-26-36(6)25-14-22-33(3)19-11-12-20-34(4)23-16-27-37(7)29-30-39-38(8)28-17-31-40(39,9)10/h11-12,14-16,18-20,22-27,29-30H,13,17,21,28,31H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,22-14+,23-16+,26-15+,30-29+,33-19+,34-20+,35-24+,36-25+,37-27+
InChI KeyHRQKOYFGHJYEFS-BXOLYSJBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carotenes. These are a type of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing eight consecutive isoprene units. They are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassTetraterpenoids
Direct ParentCarotenes
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Carotene
  • Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Cycloalkene
  • Cyclic olefin
  • Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
  • Unsaturated hydrocarbon
  • Olefin
  • Hydrocarbon
  • Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP9.59ALOGPS
logP11.53ChemAxon
logS-6.2ALOGPS
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count13ChemAxon
Refractivity194.71 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability73 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+245.21731661259
DarkChem[M-H]-245.89131661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+253.5230932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-251.62530932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-284.86530932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+259.18930932474
AllCCS[M+H]+245.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+244.032859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+247.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+247.632859911
AllCCS[M-H]-221.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-224.032859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-227.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
gamma-CaroteneCC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C4783.3Standard polar33892256
gamma-CaroteneCC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C4390.1Standard non polar33892256
gamma-CaroteneCC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C4040.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00xr-6011690000-65457434be98382075692017-11-06Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene LC-ESI-QTOF 20V, positive-QTOFsplash10-0109-0951010000-2fc07b3278bb21c7ae842020-07-21HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000j-0339780000-e5bd060050db05cdabc32017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000t-0229300000-e04971ffd91f8586b02b2017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00lb-2129500000-c1110517c942830471bc2017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0000090000-2dd5f27bb4b48f77f6922017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0001190000-c8267995f58f48f021e42017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0239460000-8ca9ae88c16638dbcff72017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0111090000-d0e7266c0c6b3f4a83072021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000j-0956240000-71afb100961fc10a23b72021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udj-1508910000-320bf87c3d21b8d269552021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-2049650000-b215fe5b83f148c4d2ff2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-003r-7123900000-dce47fa2bea9a264c2092021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - gamma-Carotene 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0wn9-6617910000-4d6ce7381cde3060909f2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Breast Milk
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
Breast MilkDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB014328
KNApSAcK IDC00000926
Chemspider ID4444349
KEGG Compound IDC05435
BioCyc IDCPD1F-126
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkGamma-carotene
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5280791
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID27740
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Khachik F, Beecher GR, Goli MB, Lusby WR, Smith JC Jr: Separation and identification of carotenoids and their oxidation products in the extracts of human plasma. Anal Chem. 1992 Sep 15;64(18):2111-22. [PubMed:1416048 ]
  2. Fraser PD, Bramley PM: The biosynthesis and nutritional uses of carotenoids. Prog Lipid Res. 2004 May;43(3):228-65. [PubMed:15003396 ]
  3. Khachik F, Spangler CJ, Smith JC Jr, Canfield LM, Steck A, Pfander H: Identification, quantification, and relative concentrations of carotenoids and their metabolites in human milk and serum. Anal Chem. 1997 May 15;69(10):1873-81. [PubMed:9164160 ]
  4. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  5. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  6. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  7. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  8. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.