Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:09 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0001335 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Prostaglandin I2 |
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Description | Prostaglandin I2 or prostacyclin (or PGI2) is a member of the family of lipid molecules known as eicosanoids. It is produced in endothelial cells from prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) by the action of the enzyme prostacyclin synthase. It is a powerful vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation. Prostaglandin I2 is the main prostaglandin synthesized by the blood vessel wall. This suggests that it may play an important role in limiting platelet-mediated thrombosis. In particular, prostacyclin (PGI2) chiefly prevents formation of the platelet plug involved in primary hemostasis (a part of blood clot formation). The sodium salt (known as epoprostenol) has been used to treat primary pulmonary hypertension. Prostacyclin (PGI2) is released by healthy endothelial cells and performs its function through a paracrine signaling cascade that involves G protein-coupled receptors on nearby platelets and endothelial cells. The platelet Gs protein-coupled receptor (prostacyclin receptor) is activated when it binds to PGI2. This activation, in turn, signals adenylyl cyclase to produce cAMP. cAMP goes on to inhibit any undue platelet activation (in order to promote circulation) and also counteracts any increase in cytosolic calcium levels which would result from thromboxane A2 (TXA2) binding (leading to platelet activation and subsequent coagulation). PGI2 also binds to endothelial prostacyclin receptors and in the same manner raise cAMP levels in the cytosol. This cAMP then goes on to activate protein kinase A (PKA). PKA then continues the cascade by inhibiting myosin light-chain kinase which leads to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. Notably, PGI2 and TXA2 work as antagonists. PGI2 is stable in basic buffers (pH=8), but it is rapidly hydrolyzed to 6-keto PGF1alpha in neutral or acidic solutions. The half-life is short both in vivo and in vitro, ranging from 30 seconds to a few minutes. PGI2 is administered by continuous infusion in humans for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension.Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs), and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes), and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signalling pathways. |
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Structure | CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(C[C@H]12)=CCCCC(O)=O InChI=1S/C20H32O5/c1-2-3-4-7-14(21)10-11-16-17-12-15(8-5-6-9-20(23)24)25-19(17)13-18(16)22/h8,10-11,14,16-19,21-22H,2-7,9,12-13H2,1H3,(H,23,24)/b11-10+,15-8-/t14-,16+,17+,18+,19-/m0/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9alpha-Epoxy-11alpha,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate | ChEBI | (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-6,9-Epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oic acid | ChEBI | Epoprostenol | ChEBI | Flolan | ChEBI | PGI2 | ChEBI | PGX | ChEBI | Prostacyclin | ChEBI | Prostaglandin X | ChEBI | Vasocyclin | ChEBI | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9a-Epoxy-11a,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate | Generator | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9a-Epoxy-11a,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid | Generator | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9alpha-Epoxy-11alpha,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid | Generator | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9Α-epoxy-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate | Generator | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9Α-epoxy-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid | Generator | (5Z,9a,11a,13E,15S)-6,9-Epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oate | Generator | (5Z,9a,11a,13E,15S)-6,9-Epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oic acid | Generator | (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-6,9-Epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oate | Generator | (5Z,9Α,11α,13E,15S)-6,9-epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oate | Generator | (5Z,9Α,11α,13E,15S)-6,9-epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-Oic acid | Generator | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9-alpha-Epoxy-11-alpha,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate | HMDB | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9-alpha-Epoxy-11-alpha,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid | HMDB | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9-Epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate | HMDB | (5Z,13E)-(15S)-6,9-Epoxy-11,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid | HMDB | (5Z,13E,15S)-6,9a-Epoxy-11a,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate | HMDB | (5Z,13E,15S)-6,9a-Epoxy-11a,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid | HMDB | Prostacycline | HMDB | Epoprostanol | HMDB | Epoprostenol sodium | HMDB | Epoprostenol sodium salt, (5Z,9alpha,11alpha,13E,15S)-isomer | HMDB | Prostaglandin I(2) | HMDB | Veletri | MeSH |
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Chemical Formula | C20H32O5 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 352.4651 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 352.224974134 |
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IUPAC Name | 5-[(3aR,4R,5R,6aS)-5-hydroxy-4-[(1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl]-hexahydro-2H-cyclopenta[b]furan-2-ylidene]pentanoic acid |
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Traditional Name | epoprostenol |
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CAS Registry Number | 35121-78-9 |
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SMILES | CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(C[C@H]12)=CCCCC(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C20H32O5/c1-2-3-4-7-14(21)10-11-16-17-12-15(8-5-6-9-20(23)24)25-19(17)13-18(16)22/h8,10-11,14,16-19,21-22H,2-7,9,12-13H2,1H3,(H,23,24)/b11-10+,15-8-/t14-,16+,17+,18+,19-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | KAQKFAOMNZTLHT-OZUDYXHBSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as prostaglandins and related compounds. These are unsaturated carboxylic acids consisting of a 20 carbon skeleton that also contains a five member ring, and are based upon the fatty acid arachidonic acid. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Eicosanoids |
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Direct Parent | Prostaglandins and related compounds |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Prostaglandin skeleton
- Fatty alcohol
- Medium-chain hydroxy acid
- Medium-chain fatty acid
- Heterocyclic fatty acid
- Hydroxy fatty acid
- Cyclic alcohol
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Secondary alcohol
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Oxacycle
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic oxide
- Organic oxygen compound
- Alcohol
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Prostaglandin I2,1TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2836.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,1TMS,isomer #2 | CCCCC[C@H](O)/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O)C[C@@H]21 | 2827.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,1TMS,isomer #3 | CCCCC[C@H](O)/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21 | 2790.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,2TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2842.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,2TMS,isomer #2 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2854.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,2TMS,isomer #3 | CCCCC[C@H](O)/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21 | 2810.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,3TMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2816.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3051.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CCCCC[C@H](O)/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O)C[C@@H]21 | 3046.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,1TBDMS,isomer #3 | CCCCC[C@H](O)/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21 | 3018.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3294.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,2TBDMS,isomer #2 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3299.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,2TBDMS,isomer #3 | CCCCC[C@H](O)/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21 | 3262.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Prostaglandin I2,3TBDMS,isomer #1 | CCCCC[C@@H](/C=C/[C@H]1[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]2OC(=CCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@@H]21)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 3541.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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- Lehmann C, Taymoorian K, Wauer H, Krausch D, Birnbaum J, Kox WJ: Effects of the stable prostacyclin analogue iloprost on the plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green in human septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 2000 Oct;26(10):1557-60. [PubMed:11126272 ]
- Dickinson JE, Meyer BA, Brath PC, Chmielowiec S, Walsh SW, Parisi VM, Palmer SM: Placental thromboxane and prostacyclin production in an ovine diabetic model. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Dec;163(6 Pt 1):1831-5. [PubMed:2147814 ]
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