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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Citicoline (HMDB01413)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-05-05 20:58:46
Accession Number HMDB01413
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Citicoline
Description Citicoline is an essential intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of structural phospholipids in cell membranes, particularly phosphatidylcholine. Once absorbed, citicoline is widely distributed throughout the body, crosses the blood-brain barrier and reaches the central nervous system (CNS), where it is incorporated into the membrane and microsomal phospholipid fraction. Citicoline activates biosynthesis of structural phospholipids of neuronal membranes, increases brain metabolism, and acts upon the levels of different neurotransmitters. Thus, citicoline has been experimentally shown to increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the CNS. Owing to these pharmacological mechanisms, citicoline has a neuroprotective effect in hypoxic and ischemic conditions, decreasing the volume of ischemic lesion, and also improves learning and memory performance in animal models of brain aging. In addition, citicoline has been shown to restore the activity of mitochondrial ATPase and membrane Na+/K+ATPase, to inhibit activation of certain phospholipases, and to accelerate reabsorption of cerebral edema in various experimental models. Citicoline has also been shown to be able to inhibit mechanisms of apoptosis associated to cerebral ischemia and in certain neurodegeneration models, and to potentiate neuroplasticity mechanisms. Citicoline is a safe drug, as shown by the toxicological tests conducted, that has no significant systemic cholinergic effects and is a well tolerated product. (PMID: 17171187)
Synonyms
  1. Audes
  2. CDP-choline
  3. Cereb
  4. Choline 5'-cytidine diphosphate
  5. Choline cytidine diphosphate
  6. Citicholine
  7. Citicoline
  8. Citidoline
  9. Citifar
  10. Colite
  11. Corenalin
  12. Cyscholin
  13. Cytidine 5'-(choline diphosphate)
  14. Cytidine 5'-(cholinyl pyrophosphate)
  15. Cytidine 5'-diphosphate choline
  16. Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine
  17. Cytidine 5-diphosphate-trihydrogen
  18. Cytidine choline diphosphate
  19. Cytidine diphosphate choline
  20. Cytidine diphosphate choline ester
  21. Cytidine diphosphocholine
  22. Cytidine diphosphorylcholine
  23. cytidine-5' diphosphocholine
  24. cytidine-5'-pyrophosphate-hydroxycholine
  25. Cytidoline
  26. Difosfocin
  27. Emicholine F
  28. Ensign
  29. Haocolin
  30. Hornbest
  31. Neucolis
  32. Nicholin
  33. Nicolin
  34. Niticolin
  35. P-hydroxide[2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl] ester
  36. Reagin
  37. Recofnan
  38. Recognan
  39. Rexort
  40. Sintoclar
  41. Somazina
  42. Somazine
  43. Suncholin
Chemical IUPAC Name 2-[[[5-(4-amino-2-oxo-pyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxyethyl-trimethyl-azanium
Chemical Formula C14H26N4O11P2
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Nucleosides and Nucleoside conjugates
Class
  • Nucleotides
Sub Class
  • Nucleotide diphosphates
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • cation
  • anion
  • secondary alcohol
  • 1,2-diol
  • primary amine
  • primary aromatic amine
  • quaternary ammonium salt
  • oxo(het)arene
  • phosphoric acid ester
  • aromatic compound
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
  • Component of Aminophosphonate metabolism
  • Component of Glycerophospholipid metabolism
Application
—
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 488.324
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 488.107330
Isomeric SMILES C[N+](C)(C)CCOP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(N)=NC1=O
Canonical SMILES C[N+](C)(C)CCOP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC1OC(C(O)C1O)N1C=CC(N)=NC1=O
KEGG Compound ID C00307 Link Image
BioCyc ID CDP-CHOLINE Link Image
BiGG ID 1485298 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Citicoline Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01413 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01413 Link Image
METLIN ID 6229 Link Image
PubChem Compound 291 Link Image
PubChem Substance 6048955 Link Image
ChEBI ID 16436 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 987-78-0
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C14H26N4O11P2/c1-18(2,3)6-7-26-30(22,23)29-31(24,25)27-8-9-11(19)12(20)13(28-9)17-5-4-10(15)16-14(17)21/h4-5,9,11-13,19-20H,6-8H2,1-3H3,(H3-,15,16,21,22,23,24,25)/t9-,11-,12-,13-/m1/s1
Synthesis Reference Fujio, Tatsuro. New production method of useful substances using ATP regeneration system. Kiraru Tekunoroji no Shintenkai (2001), 187-198.
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 1000 mg/mL at 25 oC [MEYLAN,WM et al. (1996)]; 7.99 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -1
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -6.94 [MEYLAN,WM & HOWARD,PH (1995)]; -1.38 [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
Biofluid Location Not Available
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Brain —
Erythrocyte —
Intestine —
Concentrations (Normal) Not Available
Concentrations (Abnormal) Not Available
Associated Disorders Not Available
OMIM ID Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Phospholipid Biosynthesis SMP00025 Link Image map00564 Link Image
Plasmalogen Synthesis SMP00479 Link Image
General References
  1. Porciatti V, Schiavi C, Benedetti P, Baldi A, Campos EC: Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine improves visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and visually-evoked potentials of amblyopic subjects. Curr Eye Res. 1998 Feb;17(2):141-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Babb SM, Wald LL, Cohen BM, Villafuerte RA, Gruber SA, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Renshaw PF: Chronic citicoline increases phosphodiesters in the brains of healthy older subjects: an in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 May;161(3):248-54. Epub 2002 Mar 22. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Alvarez XA, Mouzo R, Pichel V, Perez P, Laredo M, Fernandez-Novoa L, Corzo L, Zas R, Alcaraz M, Secades JJ, Lozano R, Cacabelos R: Double-blind placebo-controlled study with citicoline in APOE genotyped Alzheimer's disease patients. Effects on cognitive performance, brain bioelectrical activity and cerebral perfusion. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;21(9):633-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Laurence AD, Layton M, Duley JA, Simmonds HA: Elevated erythrocyte CDP-choline levels associated with beta-thalassaemia in patients with transfusion independent anaemia. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2004 Oct;23(8-9):1265-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Friedman D, Cycowicz YM, Bersick M: The late negative episodic memory effect: the effect of recapitulating study details at test. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2005 May;23(2-3):185-98. Epub 2004 Nov 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Alvarez XA, Laredo M, Corzo D, Fernandez-Novoa L, Mouzo R, Perea JE, Daniele D, Cacabelos R: Citicoline improves memory performance in elderly subjects. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1997 Apr;19(3):201-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Paglia DE, Valentine WN, Nakatani M, Rauth BJ: Selective accumulation of cytosol CDP-choline as an isolated erythrocyte defect in chronic hemolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(10):3081-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Hayashida K: [Usefulness of SPECT images in helping radiologists understand brain diseases] Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 2001 Apr;61(5):208-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Renshaw PF, Daniels S, Lundahl LH, Rogers V, Lukas SE: Short-term treatment with citicoline (CDP-choline) attenuates some measures of craving in cocaine-dependent subjects: a preliminary report. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Feb;142(2):132-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Weiss GB: Metabolism and actions of CDP-choline as an endogenous compound and administered exogenously as citicoline. Life Sci. 1995;56(9):637-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Petersen A, Borregaard N: A family with chronic haemolysis and selective accumulation of erythrocyte CDP-choline. Leukemia. 1997 Aug;11(8):1373-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. de la Morena E: Efficacy of CDP-choline in the treatment of senile alterations in memory. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1991;640:233-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase B
  2. Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A
  3. Phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase 1
  4. Choline phosphotransferase 1
  5. cDNA FLJ90730 fis, clone PLACE1010011, highly similar to Homo sapiens choline phosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1), mRNA (Choline phosphotransferase 1, isoform CRA_c)
  6. cDNA, FLJ94713 (Putative uncharacterized protein MGC26963)
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 6007
Enzyme 1 Name Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase B
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Phosphorylcholine transferase B
  2. CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase B
  3. CT B
  4. CCT B
  5. CCT-beta
Enzyme 1 Gene Name PCYT1B
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase B 
MPVVTTDAESETGIPKSLSNEPPSETMEEIEHTCPQPRLTLTAPAPFADETNCQCQAPHE
KLTIAQARLGTPADRPVRVYADGIFDLFHSGHARALMQAKTLFPNSYLLVGVCSDDLTHK
FKGFTVMNEAERYEALRHCRYVDEVIRDAPWTLTPEFLEKHKIDFVAHDDIPYSSAGSDD
VYKHIKEAGMFVPTQRTEGISTSDIITRIVRDYDVYARRNLQRGYTAKELNVSFINEKRY
RFQNQVDKMKEKVKNVEERSKEFVNRVEEKSHDLIQKWEEKSREFIGNFLELFGPDGAWK
QMFQERSSRMLQALSPKQSPVSSPTRSRSPSRSPSPTFSWLPLKTSPPSSPKAASASISS
MSEGDEDEK
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 369
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 41940
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 6.36
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleotidyltransferase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • biosynthesis
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 1 General Function Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Controls phosphatidylcholine synthesis
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • CTP + choline phosphate = diphosphate + CDP-choline
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 3153239 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y5K3 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PCY1B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >993 bp 
ATGCCAGTAGTTACCACTGATGCTGAGTCAGAAACAGGTATCCCAAAATCCCTTTCCAAT
GAGCCTCCCTCAGAAACCATGGAGGAAATAGAGCACACATGCCCACAGCCTCGACTGACC
CTGACTGCACCTGCCCCATTTGCTGATGAAACCAACTGCCAGTGTCAAGCACCCCATGAA
AAACTGACCATTGCTCAGGCCCGCTTAGGAACACCAGCTGACAGGCCTGTCAGAGTATAC
GCCGATGGAATATTTGACCTCTTCCACTCAGGTCATGCAAGAGCCCTTATGCAAGCAAAA
ACACTGTTTCCCAACAGCTACTTGTTGGTAGGAGTTTGCAGTGATGATCTCACCCACAAA
TTCAAAGGTTTCACCGTGATGAATGAAGCCGAGAGATACGAAGCTCTCAGACACTGTCGC
TACGTAGACGAAGTTATCAGAGATGCTCCCTGGACACTCACGCCAGAGTTTCTGGAAAAA
CACAAGATTGACTTTGTGGCTCATGATGACATTCCGTATTCCTCTGCTGGCTCTGATGAT
GTTTACAAGCACATAAAGGAAGCAGGGATGTTCGTTCCAACGCAGAGAACAGAAGGCATC
TCAACATCGGACATCATTACCAGAATTGTTCGTGACTATGATGTTTATGCCCGACGTAAC
CTCCAGAGAGGGTATACAGCCAAGGAACTGAATGTCAGCTTTATAAATGAGAAGAGGTAC
CGTTTCCAGAACCAAGTGGACAAAATGAAGGAAAAAGTCAAGAATGTGGAGGAAAGATCA
AAGGAATTTGTGAACAGAGTGGAAGAAAAGAGCCATGATCTAATTCAAAAGTGGGAAGAG
AAGTCAAGGGAATTCATTGGCAACTTCCTAGAACTGTTTGGACCTGATGGAGCATGGAAG
CAGATGTTCCAGGAGAGGAGCAGCCGGATGCTGCAGGCCTTATCCCCGAAGCAGAGCCCT
CTGAAGAGTTGGGCGAGGTGCAGAGACTTCTAG
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID AF052510 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID PCYT1B Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID PCYT1B Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:8755 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location X
Enzyme 1 Locus Xp22.11
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Lykidis A, Murti KG, Jackowski S: Cloning and characterization of a second human CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1998 May 29;273(22):14022-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lykidis A, Baburina I, Jackowski S: Distribution of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) isoforms. Identification of a new CCTbeta splice variant. J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 17;274(38):26992-7001. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 6030
Enzyme 2 Name Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Phosphorylcholine transferase A
  2. CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase A
  3. CT A
  4. CCT A
  5. CCT-alpha
Enzyme 2 Gene Name PCYT1A
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A 
MDAQCSAKVNARKRRKEAPGPNGATEEDGVPSKVQRCAVGLRQPAPFSDEIEVDFSKPYV
RVTMEEASRGTPCERPVRVYADGIFDLFHSGHARALMQAKNLFPNTYLIVGVCSDELTHN
FKGFTVMNENERYDAVQHCRYVDEVVRNAPWTLTPEFLAEHRIDFVAHDDIPYSSAGSDD
VYKHIKEAGMFAPTQRTEGISTSDIITRIVRDYDVYARRNLQRGYTAKELNVSFINEKKY
HLQERVDKVKEKVKDVEEKSKEFVQKVEEKSIDLIQKWEEKSREFIGSFLEMFGPEGALK
HMLKEGKGRMLQAISPKQSPSSSPTRERSPSPSFRWPFSGKTSPPCSPANLSRHKAAAYD
ISEDEED
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 367
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 41732
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 6.85
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleotidyltransferase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • biosynthesis
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 2 General Function Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Controls phosphatidylcholine synthesis
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • CTP + choline phosphate = diphosphate + CDP-choline
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 575486 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49585 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PCY1A_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1104 bp 
ATGGATGCACAGTGTTCAGCCAAGGTCAATGCAAGGAAGAGGAGAAAAGAGGCGCCCGGA
CCCAACGGGGCAACAGAAGAAGATGGGGTTCCTTCCAAAGTGCAGCGCTGTGCAGTGGGC
TTACGGCAACCAGCTCCTTTTTCTGATGAAATTGAAGTTGACTTTAGTAAGCCCTATGTC
AGGGTAACTATGGAAGAAGCCAGCAGAGGAACTCCTTGTGAGCGACCTGTGAGAGTTTAT
GCCGATGGAATATTTGACTTATTTCACTCTGGTCACGCCCGAGCTCTGATGCAAGCGAAG
AACCTTTTCCCTAATACGTACCTCATTGTGGGAGTTTGCAGTGATGAGCTCACACACAAC
TTCAAAGGCTTCACGGTGATGAACGAGAATGAGCGCTATGACGCAGTCCAGCACTGCCGC
TACGTGGATGAGGTGGTGAGGAATGCGCCCTGGACGCTGACACCCGAGTTCCTGGCCGAA
CACCGGATTGATTTTGTAGCCCATGATGATATTCCTTATTCATCTGCTGGCAGTGATGAT
GTTTATAAGCACATCAAGGAGGCAGGCATGTTTGCTCCAACACAGAGGACAGAAGGTATC
TCCACATCAGACATCATCACCCGAATTGTGCGGGATTATGATGTGTATGCGAGGCGGAAC
CTGCAGAGGGGCTACACAGCAAAGGAGCTCAATGTCAGCTTTATCAACGAGAAGAAATAC
CACTTGCAGGAGAGGGTTGACAAAGTAAAGGAGAAAGTGAAAGATGTGGAGGAAAAGTCA
AAAGAATTTGTTCAGAAGGTGGAGGAAAAAAGCATTGACCTCATTCAGAAGTGGGAGGAG
AAGTCCCGAGAATTCATTGGAAGTTTTCTGGAAATGTTTGGTCCGGAAGGAGCACTGAAA
CATATGCTGAAAGAGGGGAAGGGCCGGATGCTGCAGGCCATCAGCCCGAAGCAGAGCCCC
AGCAGCAGCCCTACTCGCGAGCGCTCCCCCTCCCCCTCTTTCCGATGGCCCTTCTCCGGC
AAGACTTCCCCACCTTGCTCCCCAGCAAATCTCTCCAGGCACAAGGCTGCAGCCTATGAT
ATCAGTGAGGATGAAGAAGACTAA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID L28957 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID PCYT1A Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID PCYT1A Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:8754 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 2 Locus 3q29
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Kalmar GB, Kay RJ, LaChance AC, Cornell RB: Primary structure and expression of a human CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Oct 18;1219(2):328-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dunne SJ, Cornell RB, Johnson JE, Glover NR, Tracey AS: Structure of the membrane binding domain of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. Biochemistry. 1996 Sep 17;35(37):11975-84. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 6054
Enzyme 3 Name Phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase 1
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Transmembrane protein 23
  2. Sphingomyelin synthase 1
  3. Protein Mob
Enzyme 3 Gene Name TMEM23
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase 1 
MLSASTMKEVVYWSPKKVADWLLENAMPEYCEPLEHFTGQDLINLTQEDFKKPPLCRVSS
DNGQRLLDMIETLKMEHHLEAHKNGHANGHLNIGVDIPTPDGSFSIKIKPNGMPNGYRKE
MIKIPMPELERSQYPMEWGKTFLAFLYALSCFVLTTVMISVVHERVPPKEVQPPLPDTFF
DHFNRVQWAFSICEINGMILVGLWLIQWLLLKYKSIISRRFFCIVGTLYLYRCITMYVTT
LPVPGMHFNCSPKLFGDWEAQLRRIMKLIAGGGLSITGSHNMCGDYLYSGHTVMLTLTYL
FIKEYSPRRLWWYHWICWLLSVVGIFCILLAHDHYTVDVVVAYYITTRLFWWYHTMANQQ
VLKEASQMNLLARVWWYRPFQYFEKNVQGIVPRSYHWPFPWPVVHLSRQVKYSRLVNDT
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 419
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 49208
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 8.51
Enzyme 3 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 3 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Bidirectional lipid cholinephosphotransferases capable of converting phosphatidylcholine (PC) and ceramide to sphingomyelin (SM) and diacylglycerol (DAG) and vice versa. Direction is dependent on the relative concentrations of DAG and ceramide as phosphocholine acceptors. Directly and specifically recognizes the choline head group on the substrate. Also requires two fatty chains on the choline-P donor molecule in order to be recognized efficiently as a substrate. Does not function strictly as a SM synthase
Enzyme 3 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 3 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • 142-162 190-210 221-241 282-302 310-330
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 30908857 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q86VZ5 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SMS1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >1242 bp 
ATGAAGGAAGTGGTTTATTGGTCACCCAAGAAGGTGGCAGACTGGCTGCTGGAGAATGCT
ATGCCAGAATACTGTGAGCCTCTGGAGCATTTCACAGGCCAGGACTTGATCAACCTAACC
CAAGAGGATTTCAAAAAACCCCCCTTGTGCCGAGTCTCCTCTGACAACGGGCAGCGGCTC
CTGGACATGATAGAAACCCTGAAAATGGAGCACCATTTGGAAGCACACAAGAACGGCCAT
GCCAATGGGCACCTCAACATTGGCGTAGACATCCCCACCCCCGACGGCAGCTTCAGCATC
AAGATTAAACCCAACGGGATGCCAAATGGGTATAGGAAAGAGATGATAAAGATCCCCATG
CCAGAACTGGAGCGCTCTCAGTACCCCATGGAGTGGGGCAAGACTTTTCTGGCCTTTCTT
TATGCACTTTCCTGTTTCGTTCTCACCACAGTGATGATCTCGGTCGTCCACGAACGAGTA
CCTCCTAAGGAGGTGCAGCCTCCACTACCGGACACATTTTTTGACCATTTTAACCGGGTG
CAGTGGGCCTTTTCTATTTGTGAAATTAATGGCATGATCCTTGTAGGACTCTGGTTAATT
CAGTGGCTGCTCTTAAAATACAAGTCTATTATTAGCAGAAGATTTTTCTGCATAGTTGGC
ACGCTGTACCTGTATCGGTGTATTACAATGTATGTAACTACACTCCCAGTACCTGGTATG
CATTTCAACTGTTCTCCGAAGCTTTTCGGAGACTGGGAAGCCCAACTGCGAAGAATAATG
AAGCTCATTGCTGGAGGTGGCTTGTCTATCACTGGCTCTCACAACATGTGTGGGGACTAT
CTGTACAGCGGCCACACGGTCATGCTAACACTTACCTACTTATTTATCAAAGAGTATTCC
CCTCGGCGACTCTGGTGGTATCACTGGATTTGCTGGCTTCTCAGCGTAGTTGGAATCTTC
TGTATTCTCTTAGCGCATGACCACTACACTGTGGACGTGGTGGTGGCATATTACATCACC
ACGAGACTCTTCTGGTGGTATCACACTATGGCCAATCAGCAAGTGCTAAAGGAAGCTTCC
CAGATGAACCTCCTGGCCAGGGTGTGGTGGTACAGGCCATTTCAGTACTTTGAAAAGAAT
GTCCAAGGAATTGTACCTCGATCTTACCATTGGCCTTTCCCCTGGCCAGTAGTCCACCTC
AGTAGGCAAGTTAAATACAGCCGGCTGGTGAATGACACATAA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID AY280959 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID TMEM23 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID TMEM23 Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:29799 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 3 Locus 10q11.2
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References Not Available
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 8362
Enzyme 4 Name Choline phosphotransferase 1
Enzyme 4 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Name CHPT1
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Choline phosphotransferase 1 
MAAGAGAGSAPRWLRALSEPLSAAQLRRLEEHRYSAAGVSLLEPPLQLYWTWLLQWIPLW
MAPNSITLLGLAVNVVTTLVLISYCPTATEEAPYWTYLLCALGLFIYQSLDAIDGKQARR
TNSCSPLGELFDHGCDSLSTVFMAVGASIAARLGTYPDWFFFCSFIGMFVFYCAHWQTYV
SGMLRFGKVDVTEIQIALVIVFVLSAFGGATMWDYTIPILEIKLKILPVLGFLGGVIFSC
SNYFHVILHGGVGKNGSTIAGTSVLSPGLHIGLIIILAIMIYKKSATDVFEKHPCLYILM
FGCVFAKVSQKLVVAHMTKSELYLQDTVFLGPGLLFLDQYFNNFIDEYVVLWMAMVISSF
DMVIYFSALCLQISRHLHLNIFKTACHQAPEQVQVLSSKSHQNNMD
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 406
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 45097
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 6.92
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
—
Process
  • cellular lipid metabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • membrane lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • phospholipid biosynthesis
  • phospholipid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
—
Enzyme 4 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 4 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • 1-23
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • 60-82
  • 92-110
  • 159-181
  • 191-213
  • 226-248
  • 263-282
  • 295-317
  • 349-371
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 18089162 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8WUD6 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q8WUD6_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >1221 bp 
ATGGCGGCAGGCGCCGGGGCCGGGTCCGCGCCGCGCTGGCTGAGGGCGCTGAGCGAGCCG
CTGAGCGCGGCGCAGCTGCGGCGACTGGAGGAGCACCGCTACAGCGCGGCGGGCGTCTCG
CTGCTCGAGCCGCCGCTGCAGCTCTACTGGACCTGGCTGCTCCAGTGGATCCCGCTCTGG
ATGGCCCCCAACTCCATCACCCTGCTGGGGCTCGCCGTCAACGTGGTCACCACGCTCGTG
CTCATCTCCTACTGTCCCACGGCCACCGAAGAGGCACCATACTGGACATACCTTTTATGT
GCACTGGGACTTTTTATTTACCAGTCACTGGATGCTATTGATGGGAAACAAGCCAGAAGA
ACAAACTCTTGTTCCCCTTTAGGGGAGCTCTTTGACCATGGCTGTGACTCTCTTTCCACA
GTATTTATGGCAGTGGGAGCTTCAATTGCCGCTCGCTTAGGAACTTATCCTGACTGGTTT
TTTTTCTGCTCTTTTATTGGGATGTTTGTGTTTTATTGCGCTCATTGGCAGACTTATGTT
TCAGGCATGTTGAGATTTGGAAAAGTGGATGTAACTGAAATTCAGATAGCTTTAGTGATT
GTCTTTGTGTTGTCTGCATTTGGAGGAGCAACAATGTGGGACTATACGATTCCTATTCTA
GAAATAAAATTGAAGATCCTTCCAGTTCTTGGATTTCTAGGTGGAGTAATATTTTCCTGT
TCAAATTATTTCCATGTTATCCTCCATGGTGGTGTTGGCAAGAATGGATCCACTATAGCA
GGCACCAGTGTCTTGTCACCTGGACTCCACATAGGACTAATTATTATACTGGCAATAATG
ATCTATAAAAAGTCAGCAACTGATGTGTTTGAAAAGCATCCTTGTCTTTATATCCTAATG
TTTGGATGTGTCTTTGCTAAAGTCTCACAAAAATTAGTGGTAGCTCACATGACCAAAAGT
GAACTATATCTTCAAGACACTGTCTTTTTGGGGCCAGGTCTTTTGTTTTTAGACCAGTAC
TTTAATAACTTTATAGACGAATATGTTGTTCTATGGATGGCAATGGTGATTTCTTCATTT
GATATGGTGATATACTTTAGTGCTTTGTGCCTGCAAATTTCAAGACACCTTCATCTAAAT
ATATTCAAGACTGCATGTCATCAAGCACCTGAACAGGTTCAAGTTCTTTCTTCAAAGAGT
CATCAGAATAACATGGATTGA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID BC020819 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID CHPT1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID CHPT1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:17852 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 12
Enzyme 4 Locus 12q
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 16483
Enzyme 5 Name cDNA FLJ90730 fis, clone PLACE1010011, highly similar to Homo sapiens choline phosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1), mRNA (Choline phosphotransferase 1, isoform CRA_c)
Enzyme 5 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Name CHPT1
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >cDNA FLJ90730 fis, clone PLACE1010011, highly similar to Homo sapiens choline phosphotransferase 1 (CHPT1), mRNA (Choline phosphotransferase 1, isoform CRA_c) 
MAAGAGAGSAPRWLRALSEPLSAAQLRRLEEHRYSAAGVSLLEPPLQLYWTWLLQWIPLW
MAPNSITLLGLAVNVVTTLVLISYCPTATEEAPYWTYLLCALGLFIYQSLDAIDGKQARR
TNSCSPLGELFDHGCDSLSTVFMAVGASIAARLGTYPDWFFFCSFIGMFVFYCAHWQTYV
SGMLRFGKVDVTEIQIALVIVFVLSAFGGATMWDYTIPILEIKLKILPVLGFLGGVIFSC
SNYFHVILHGGVGKNGSTIAGTSVLSPGLHIGLIIILAIMIYKKSATDVFEKHPCLYILM
FGCVFAKVSQKLVVAHMTKSELYLQDTVFLGPGLLFLDQYFNNFIDEYVVLWMAMVISSF
DMVIYFSALCLQISRHLHLNIFKTACHQAPEQVQVLSSKSHQNNMD
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 406
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 45097
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 6.92
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
—
Process
  • cellular lipid metabolism
  • lipid metabolism
  • membrane lipid metabolism
  • metabolism
  • phospholipid biosynthesis
  • phospholipid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • primary metabolism
Component
—
Enzyme 5 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 5 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 5 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B3KQM2 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B3KQM2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID AK075211 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID B3KQM2 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 12
Enzyme 5 Locus 12q
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References Not Available
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 16484
Enzyme 6 Name cDNA, FLJ94713 (Putative uncharacterized protein MGC26963)
Enzyme 6 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Name MGC26963
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ94713 (Putative uncharacterized protein MGC26963) 
MDIIETAKLEEHLENQPSDPTNTYARPAEPVEEENKNGNGKPKSLSSGLRKGTKKYPDYI
QIAMPTESRNKFPLEWWKTGIAFIYAVFNLVLTTVMITVVHERVPPKELSPPLPDKFFDY
IDRVKWAFSVSEINGIILVGLWITQWLFLRYKSIVGRRFCFIIGTLYLYRCITMYVTTLP
VPGMHFQCAPKLNGDSQAKVQRILRLISGGGLSITGSHILCGDFLFSGHTVTLTLTYLFI
KEYSPRHFWWYHLICWLLSAAGIICILVAHEHYTIDVIIAYYITTRLFWWYHSMANEKNL
KVSSQTNFLSRAWWFPIFYFFEKNVQGSIPCCFSWPLSWPPGCFKSSCKKYSRVQKIGED
NEKST
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 365
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 42281
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 9.00
Enzyme 6 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 6 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 6 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2RA61 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2RA61_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID AK314049 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID B2RA61 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References Not Available
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available