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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:10 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001547
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01547
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCorticosterone
DescriptionCorticosterone, also known as 17-deoxycortisol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone. Thus, corticosterone is considered to be a steroid lipid molecule. Corticosterone is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. In many species, including amphibians, reptiles, rodents and birds, corticosterone is a main glucocorticoid,[3] involved in regulation of energy, immune reactions, and stress responses. Corticosterone is the precursor molecule to the mineralocorticoid aldosterone, one of the major homeostatic modulators of sodium and potassium levels in vivo.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(11beta)-11,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dioneChEBI
11beta,21-Dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dioneChEBI
11beta,21-DihydroxyprogesteroneChEBI
17-DeoxycortisolChEBI
Kendall's compound bChEBI
Reichstein's substance HChEBI
(11b)-11,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dioneGenerator
(11Β)-11,21-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dioneGenerator
11b,21-Dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dioneGenerator
11Β,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dioneGenerator
11b,21-DihydroxyprogesteroneGenerator
11Β,21-dihydroxyprogesteroneGenerator
11,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dioneHMDB
11,21-DihydroxyprogesteroneHMDB
11-HydroxycorticoaldosteroneHMDB
4-Pregnene-11 corticosteronHMDB
Chemical FormulaC21H30O4
Average Molecular Weight346.4605
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight346.214409448
IUPAC Name(1S,2R,10S,11S,14S,15S,17S)-17-hydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
Traditional Name(1S,2R,10S,11S,14S,15S,17S)-17-hydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
CAS Registry Number50-22-6
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])[C@@]([H])(O)C[C@]12C)C(=O)CO
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H30O4/c1-20-8-7-13(23)9-12(20)3-4-14-15-5-6-16(18(25)11-22)21(15,2)10-17(24)19(14)20/h9,14-17,19,22,24H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16+,17-,19+,20-,21-/m0/s1
InChI KeyOMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassHydroxysteroids
Direct Parent21-hydroxysteroids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Progestogin-skeleton
  • 21-hydroxysteroid
  • Pregnane-skeleton
  • 20-oxosteroid
  • 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid
  • 3-oxosteroid
  • 11-hydroxysteroid
  • 11-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • Oxosteroid
  • Delta-4-steroid
  • Cyclohexenone
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Ketone
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Cyclic ketone
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary alcohol
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point179 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.2 mg/mLNot Available
LogP1.94HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-MetCCS_train_neg186.45730932474
[M+H]+MetCCS_train_pos186.81830932474
[M-H]-Not Available186.7http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000254
[M+H]+Not Available187.2http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000254
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Adrenal Cortex
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Brain
  • Epidermis
  • Fibroblasts
  • Intestine
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Neuron
  • Ovary
  • Placenta
  • Platelet
  • Spleen
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.027 +/- 0.005 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified0.023 +/- 0.0034 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothDepersonalization syndrome details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Depersonalization disorder
  1. Nuller YL, Morozova MG, Kushnir ON, Hamper N: Effect of naloxone therapy on depersonalization: a pilot study. J Psychopharmacol. 2001 Jun;15(2):93-5. [PubMed:11448093 ]
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB04652
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022684
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID5550
KEGG Compound IDC02140
BioCyc IDCORTICOSTERONE
BiGG ID39187
Wikipedia LinkCorticosterone
METLIN ID6314
PubChem Compound5753
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16827
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDCRTSTRN
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceOliveto, Eugene P.; Smith, Herbert Q.; Gerold, Corinne; Rausser, Richard; Hershberg, E. B. 11-Oxygenated steroids. XIV. New syntheses of corticosterone. Journal of the American Chemical Society (1956), 78 1414-16.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Has steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase activity. In addition to this activity, the 18 or 19-hydroxylation of steroids and the aromatization of androstendione to estrone have also been ascribed to cytochrome P450 XIB.
Gene Name:
CYP11B1
Uniprot ID:
P15538
Molecular weight:
57572.44
Reactions
Deoxycorticosterone + Reduced ferredoxin + Oxygen → Corticosterone + Oxidized ferredoxin + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Efficiently catalyzes the reduction of progesterone, androstenedione, 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone to 5-beta-reduced metabolites. The bile acid intermediates 7-alpha,12-alpha-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and 7-alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one can also act as substrates.
Gene Name:
AKR1D1
Uniprot ID:
P51857
Molecular weight:
32889.38
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. Modulates intracellular glucocorticoid levels, thus protecting the nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor from occupation by glucocorticoids.
Gene Name:
HSD11B2
Uniprot ID:
P80365
Molecular weight:
44126.06
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes reversibly the conversion of cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. Catalyzes reversibly the conversion of 7-ketocholesterol to 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol. In intact cells, the reaction runs only in one direction, from 7-ketocholesterol to 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol (By similarity).
Gene Name:
HSD11B1
Uniprot ID:
P28845
Molecular weight:
32400.665
Reactions
Corticosterone + NADP → 11-Dehydrocorticosterone + NADPH + Hydrogen Iondetails
General function:
Involved in sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
Specific function:
Receptor for both mineralocorticoids (MC) such as aldosterone and glucocorticoids (GC) such as corticosterone or cortisol. Binds to mineralocorticoid response elements (MRE) and transactivates target genes. The effect of MC is to increase ion and water transport and thus raise extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure and lower potassium levels
Gene Name:
NR3C2
Uniprot ID:
P08235
Molecular weight:
107066.6
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of 11-deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone via corticosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone.
Gene Name:
CYP11B2
Uniprot ID:
P19099
Molecular weight:
57559.62
Reactions
Corticosterone + reduced adrenal ferredoxin + Oxygen → 18-Hydroxycorticosterone + oxidized adrenal ferredoxin + Waterdetails
Corticosterone + Reduced adrenal ferredoxin + Oxygen → 18-Hydroxycorticosterone + Oxidized adrenal ferredoxin + Waterdetails
Deoxycorticosterone + Reduced ferredoxin + Oxygen → Corticosterone + Oxidized ferredoxin + Waterdetails
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
P450-CYP21B
Uniprot ID:
Q16874
Molecular weight:
56000.9
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
CYP21A2
Uniprot ID:
Q08AG9
Molecular weight:
55972.9
General function:
Involved in defense response
Specific function:
Has antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and to a lesser extent also against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Protects blood cells against infection with HIV-1 (in vitro). Inhibits corticotropin (ACTH)-stimulated corticosterone production
Gene Name:
DEFA4
Uniprot ID:
P12838
Molecular weight:
10504.0
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Specifically catalyzes the 21-hydroxylation of steroids. Required for the adrenal synthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids.
Gene Name:
CYP21A2
Uniprot ID:
P08686
Molecular weight:
56000.94
Reactions
11beta-Hydroxyprogesterone + Reduced acceptor + Oxygen → Corticosterone + Acceptor + Waterdetails