| Version |
2.5 |
| Creation Date |
2006-05-22 15:17:31 |
| Update Date |
2010-04-18 00:53:17 |
| Accession Number |
HMDB02003 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
Not Available |
| Common Name |
Tetracosanoic acid |
| Description |
Lignoceric acid, also tetracosanoic acid, is a normal carboxylic acid, a very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA).
Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are exclusively oxidized in peroxisomes and their levels are significantly increased in tissues of patients with peroxisomal disorders. (PMID 15565636) |
| Synonyms |
- Lignocerate
- Lignoceric acid
- Tetracosanoate
- n-Tetracosanoic acid
- Tetracosanoic acid
- n-Tetracosanoate
|
| Chemical IUPAC Name |
tetracosanoic acid |
| Chemical Formula |
C24H48O2 |
| Chemical Structure |
 |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
| Kingdom |
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| Super Class |
|
| Class |
|
| Sub Class |
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| Family |
|
| Species |
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| Biofunction |
| — |
| Application |
| — |
| Source |
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|
| Average Molecular Weight |
368.637 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
368.365417 |
| Isomeric SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O |
| Canonical SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C08320  |
| BioCyc ID |
TETRACOSANOATE  |
| BiGG ID |
2218057  |
| Wikipedia Link |
Tetracosanoic acid  |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB02003  |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB02003  |
| METLIN ID |
6427  |
| PubChem Compound |
11197  |
| PubChem Substance |
3139142  |
| ChEBI ID |
28866  |
| CAS Registry Number |
557-59-5 |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1/C24H48O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24(25)26/h2-23H2,1H3,(H,25,26) |
| Synthesis Reference |
Not Available |
| Melting Point (Experimental) |
84.2 oC |
| Experimental Water Solubility |
Not Available
Source: PhysProp
|
| Predicted Water Solubility |
5.65e-09 mg/mL at 25 oC [MEYLAN,WM et al. (1996)]; 2.27e-05 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS]
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Physiological Charge |
-1 |
| State |
Solid |
| Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity |
Not Available
Source: PhysProp
|
| Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity |
9.56 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; 9.8 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP]; 10.89 [MEYLAN,WM & HOWARD,PH (1995)]
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
|
| MOL File |
Show |
| SDF File |
Show |
| PDB File |
Show |
| 2D Structure |
|
| 3D Structure |
|
| Experimental PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum |
Download Spectrum Download FID (Bruker) Show Experimental Conditions  |
| Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum |
Download Spectrum Download FID (Bruker) Show Experimental Conditions  |
| Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist
|
| Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist
|
| Mass Spectrum |
|
| Simplified TOCSY Spectrum |
Not Available |
| BMRB Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Cellular Location |
- Membrane (Predicted from LogP)
- Peroxisome
- Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
|
| Biofluid Location |
|
| Tissue Location |
| Tissue |
References |
| Fibroblasts |
— |
|
| Concentrations (Normal) |
| Biofluid |
Blood |
| Value |
0.930 +/- 0.194 uM |
| Age |
Adult:>18 yrs old |
| Sex |
Both |
| Patient information |
Normal |
| Comments |
Not Available |
| References |
- Nikolaos Psychogios, David D. Hau, Jun Peng, An Chi Guo, Rupasri Mandal, Souhaila Bouatra, Igor Sinelnikov, Ramanarayan Krishnamurthy, Roman Eisner, Bijaya Gautam, Nelson Young, Jinaguo Xia, Craig Knox, Ying Wei Dong, Paul Huang, Janet McManus, Theresa Pedersen, Fiona Bamforth, Russ Greiner, Bruce McManus, John Newman, David S. Wishart, The Human Serum Metabolome, PLoS ONE (Submitted).
- Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Eisner R, Young N, Gautam B, Hau DD, Psychogios N, Dong E, Bouatra S, Mandal R, Sinelnikov I, Xia J, Jia L, Cruz JA, Lim E, Sobsey CA, Shrivastava S, Huang P, Liu P, Fang L, Peng J, Fradette R, Cheng D, Tzur D, Clements M, Lewis A, De Souza A, Zuniga A, Dawe M, Xiong Y, Clive D, Greiner R, Nazyrova A, Shaykhutdinov R, Li L, Vogel HJ, Forsythe I: HMDB: a knowledgebase for the human metabolome. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Oct 25. [PubMed
]
|
|
| Concentrations (Abnormal) |
Not Available |
| Associated Disorders |
Not Available |
| OMIM ID |
Not Available |
| Pathways |
| Name |
SMPDB Link |
KEGG Link |
| Beta Oxidation of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids |
SMP00052  |
map01040  |
|
| General References |
- Galloway JH, Cartwright IJ, Bennett MJ: Abnormal myocardial lipid composition in an infant with type II glutaric aciduria. J Lipid Res. 1987 Mar;28(3):279-84. [PubMed
]
- Dhaunsi GS, Kaur J, Alsaeid K, Turner RB, Bitar MS: Very long chain fatty acids activate NADPH oxidase in human dermal fibroblasts. Cell Biochem Funct. 2005 Jan-Feb;23(1):65-8. [PubMed
]
- Petroni A, Blasevich M, Uziel G: Effects of the testosterone metabolite dihydrotestosterone and 5 alpha-androstan-3 alpha,17 beta-diol on very long chain fatty acid metabolism in X-adrenoleukodystrophic fibroblasts. Life Sci. 2003 Aug 8;73(12):1567-75. [PubMed
]
- Wikipedia

|
| Metabolic Enzymes |
- Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1
|
|
Enzyme 1
[top]
|
| Enzyme 1 ID |
5849 |
| Enzyme 1 Name |
Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1 |
| Enzyme 1 Synonyms |
- Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1
- LACS 1
- Palmitoyl-CoA ligase 1
- Long-chain fatty acid CoA ligase 2
- Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 2
- LACS 2
- Acyl-CoA synthetase 1
- ACS1
- Palmitoyl-CoA ligase 2
|
| Enzyme 1 Gene Name |
ACSL1 |
| Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence |
>Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1
MQAHELFRYFRMPELVDFRQYVRTLPTNTLMGFGAFAALTTFWYATRPKPLKPPCDLSMQ
SVEVAGSGGARRSALLDSDEPLVYFYDDVTTLYEGFQRGIQVSNNGPCLGSRKPDQPYEW
LSYKQVAELSECIGSALIQKGFKTAPDQFIGIFAQNRPEWVIIEQGCFAYSMVIVPLYDT
LGNEAITYIVNKAELSLVFVDKPEKAKLLLEGVENKLIPGLKIIVVMDAYGSELVERGQR
CGVEVTSMKAMEDLGRANRRKPKPPAPEDLAVICFTSGTTGNPKGAMVTHRNIVSDCSAF
VKATENTVNPCPDDTLISFLPLAHMFERVVECVMLCHGAKIGFFQGDIRLLMDDLKVLQP
TVFPVVPRLLNRMFDRIFGQANTTLKRWLLDFASKRKEAELRSGIIRNNSLWDRLIFHKV
QSSLGGRVRLMVTGAAPVSATVLTFLRAALGCQFYEGYGQTECTAGCCLTMPGDWTAGHV
GAPMPCNLIKLVDVEEMNYMAAEGEGEVCVKGPNVFQGYLKDPAKTAEALDKDGWLHTGD
IGKWLPNGTLKIIDRKKHIFKLAQGEYIAPEKIENIYMRSEPVAQVFVHGESLQAFLIAI
VVPDVETLCSWAQKRGFEGSFEELCRNKDVKKAILEDMVRLGKDSGLKPFEQVKGITLHP
ELFSIDNGLLTPTMKAKRPELRNYFRSQIDDLYSTIKV
|
| Enzyme 1 Number of Residues |
698 |
| Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight |
77944 |
| Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI |
7.16 |
| Enzyme 1 GO Classification |
| Function |
|
| Process |
- metabolism
- physiological process
|
| Component |
| — |
|
| Enzyme 1 General Function |
Lipid transport and metabolism |
| Enzyme 1 Specific Function |
Activation of long-chain fatty acids for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation. Preferentially uses palmitoleate, oleate and linoleate |
| Enzyme 1 Pathways |
|
| Enzyme 1 Reactions |
- ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA
|
| Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function |
|
| Enzyme 1 Signals |
|
| Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions |
|
| Enzyme 1 Essentiality |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein |
219900  |
| Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
P33121  |
| Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
ACSL1_HUMAN  |
| Enzyme 1 PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence |
>2097 bp
ATGCAAGCCCATGAGCTGTTCCGGTATTTTCGAATGCCAGAGCTGGTTGACTTCCGACAG
TACGTGCGTACTCTTCCGACCAACACGCTTATGGGCTTCGGAGCTTTTGCAGCACTCACC
ACCTTCTGGTACGCCACGAGACCCAAACCCCTGAAGCCGCCATGCGACCTCTCCATGCAG
TCAGTGGAAGTGGCGGGTAGTGGTGGTGCACGAAGATCCGCACTACTTGACAGCGACGAG
CCCTTGGTGTATTTCTATGATGATGTCACAACATTATACGAAGGTTTCCAGAGGGGAATA
CAGGTGTCAAATAATGGCCCTTGTTTAGGCTCTCGGAAACCAGACCAACCCTATGAATGG
CTTTCATATAAACAGGTTGCAGAATTGTCGGAGTGCATAGGCTCAGCACTGATCCAGAAG
GGCTTCAAGACTGCCCCAGATCAGTTCATTGGCATCTTTGCTCAAAATAGACCTGAGTGG
GTGATTATTGAACAAGGATGCTTTGCTTATTCGATGGTGATCGTTCCACTTTATGATACC
CTTGGAAATGAAGCCATCACGTACATAGTCAACAAAGCTGAACTCTCTCTGGTTTTTGTT
GACAAGCCAGAGAAGGCCAAACTCTTATTAGAGGGTGTAGAAAATAAGTTAATACCAGGC
CTTAAAATCATAGTTGTCATGGATGCCTACGGCAGTGAACTGGTGGAACGAGGCCAGAGG
TGTGGGGTGGAAGTCACCAGCATGAAGGCGATGGAGGACCTGGGAAGAGCCAACAGACGG
AAGCCCAAGCCTCCAGCACCTGAAGATCTTGCAGTAATTTGTTTCACAAGTGGAACTACA
GGCAACCCCAAAGGAGCAATGGTCACTCACCGAAACATAGTGAGCGATTGTTCAGCTTTT
GTGAAAGCAACAGAGAATACAGTCAATCCTTGCCCAGATGATACTTTGATATCTTTCTTG
CCTCTCGCCCATATGTTTGAGAGAGTTGTAGAGTGTGTAATGCTGTGTCATGGAGCTAAA
ATCGGATTTTTCCAAGGAGATATCAGGCTGCTCATGGATGACCTCAAGGTGCTTCAACCC
ACTGTCTTCCCCGTGGTTCCAAGACTGCTGAACCGGATGTTTGACCGAATTTTCGGACAA
GCAAACACCACGCTGAAGCGATGGCTCTTGGACTTTGCCTCCAAGAGGAAAGAAGCAGAG
CTTCGCAGCGGCATCATCAGAAACAACAGCCTGTGGGACCGGCTGATCTTCCACAAAGTA
CAGTCGAGCCTGGGCGGAAGAGTCCGGCTGATGGTGACAGGAGCCGCCCCGGTGTCTGCC
ACTGTGCTGACGTTCCTCAGAGCAGCCCTGGGCTGTCAGTTTTATGAAGGATACGGACAG
ACAGAGTGCACTGCCGGGTGCTGCCTAACCATGCCTGGAGACTGGACCGCAGGCCATGTT
GGGGCCCCGATGCCGTGCAATTTGATAAAACTTGTTGATGTGGAAGAAATGAATTACATG
GCTGCCGAGGGCGAGGGCGAGGTGTGTGTGAAAGGGCCAAATGTATTTCAGGGCTACTTG
AAGGACCCAGCGAAAACAGCAGAAGCTTTGGACAAAGACGGCTGGTTACACACAGGGGAC
ATTGGAAAATGGTTACCAAATGGCACCTTGAAAATTATCGACCGGAAAAAGCACATATTT
AAGCTGGCACAAGGAGAATACATAGCCCCTGAAAAGATTGAAAATATCTACATGCGAAGT
GAGCCTGTTGCTCAGGTGTTTGTCCACGGAGAAAGCCTGCAGGCATTTCTCATTGCAATT
GTGGTACCAGATGTTGAGACATTATGTTCCTGGGCCCAAAAGAGAGGATTTGAAGGGTCG
TTTGAGGAACTGTGCAGAAATAAGGATGTCAAAAAAGCTATCCTCGAAGATATGGTGAGA
CTTGGGAAGGATTCTGGTCTGAAACCATTTGAACAGGTCAAAGGCATCACATTGCACCCT
GAATTATTTTCTATCGACAATGGCCTTCTGACTCCAACAATGAAGGCGAAAAGGCCAGAG
CTGCGGAACTATTTCAGGTCGCAGATAGATGACCTCTATTCCACTATCAAGGTTTAG
|
| Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID |
D10040  |
| Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID |
ACSL1  |
| Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID |
ACSL1  |
| Enzyme 1 HGNC ID |
HGNC:3569  |
| Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location |
4 |
| Enzyme 1 Locus |
4q34-q35 |
| Enzyme 1 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
| Enzyme 1 General References |
- Abe T, Fujino T, Fukuyama R, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Toh H, Suzuki H, Yamamoto T: Human long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase: structure and chromosomal location. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1992 Jan;111(1):123-8. [PubMed
]
- Ghosh B, Barbosa E, Singh I: Molecular cloning and sequencing of human palmitoyl-CoA ligase and its tissue specific expression. Mol Cell Biochem. 1995 Oct 4;151(1):77-81. [PubMed
]
- Malhotra KT, Malhotra K, Lubin BH, Kuypers FA: Identification and molecular characterization of acyl-CoA synthetase in human erythrocytes and erythroid precursors. Biochem J. 1999 Nov 15;344 Pt 1:135-43. [PubMed
]
|
| Enzyme 1 Metabolite References |
Not Available |