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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 14:17:39 UTC
Update Date2020-10-09 21:10:36 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0002175
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB02175
Metabolite Identification
Common NameSilicon
Description
Structure
Data?1582752233
Synonyms
ValueSource
Si(4+)ChEBI
SiHMDB
SilicaHMDB
SilicateHMDB
Silicic acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaSi
Average Molecular Weight28.0855
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight27.976926533
IUPAC Namesilicon(4+) ion
Traditional Namesilicon(4+) ion
CAS Registry Number7440-21-3
SMILES
[Si+4]
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/Si/q+4
InChI KeyRWMKKWXZFRMVPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous metalloid compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a metalloid atom.
KingdomInorganic compounds
Super ClassHomogeneous metal compounds
ClassHomogeneous metalloid compounds
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentHomogeneous metalloid compounds
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Homogeneous metalloid
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationSource
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point1414 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP0.045ChemAxon
Physiological Charge4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity0 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability1.78 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Silicon[Si+4]687.9Standard polar33892256
Silicon[Si+4]230.0Standard non polar33892256
Silicon[Si+4]51.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified5.98 +/- 2.56 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified5.48 +/- 2.24 uMElderly (>65 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified3.95 +/- 1.96 uMElderly (>65 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified3.97 +/- 1.97 uMElderly (>65 years old)BothNormal details
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Detected and Quantified3.4 +/- 1.35 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified7.83 +/- 5.05 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothMultiple sclerosis details
BloodDetected and Quantified10.54 +/- 3.72 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothParkinson's disease details
BloodDetected and Quantified8.58 +/- 5.91 uMElderly (>65 years old)Both
Parkinson's disease
details
BloodDetected and Quantified10.50 +/- 3.70 uMElderly (>65 years old)Both
Parkinson's disease
details
BloodDetected and Quantified7.97 +/- 3.79 uMElderly (>65 years old)BothAlzheimer's disease details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Alzheimer's disease
  1. Bocca B, Forte G, Petrucci F, Pino A, Marchione F, Bomboi G, Senofonte O, Giubilei F, Alimonti A: Monitoring of chemical elements and oxidative damage in patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005;41(2):197-203. [PubMed:16244393 ]
Multiple sclerosis
  1. Forte G, Visconti A, Santucci S, Ghazaryan A, Figa-Talamanca L, Cannoni S, Bocca B, Pino A, Violante N, Alimonti A, Salvetti M, Ristori G: Quantification of chemical elements in blood of patients affected by multiple sclerosis. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005;41(2):213-6. [PubMed:16244395 ]
Parkinson's disease
  1. Forte G, Alimonti A, Pino A, Stanzione P, Brescianini S, Brusa L, Sancesario G, Violante N, Bocca B: Metals and oxidative stress in patients with Parkinson's disease. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005;41(2):189-95. [PubMed:16244392 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB003713
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID3296906
KEGG Compound IDC06263
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkSilicon
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound4082203
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID30584
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDMDB00030000
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Nielsen FH: How should dietary guidance be given for mineral elements with beneficial actions or suspected of being essential? J Nutr. 1996 Sep;126(9 Suppl):2377S-2385S. [PubMed:8811801 ]
  2. Epstein E: The anomaly of silicon in plant biology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jan 4;91(1):11-7. [PubMed:11607449 ]
  3. Uthus EO, Seaborn CD: Deliberations and evaluations of the approaches, endpoints and paradigms for dietary recommendations of the other trace elements. J Nutr. 1996 Sep;126(9 Suppl):2452S-2459S. [PubMed:8811811 ]
  4. Jones LH: Mineral components of plant cell walls. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978 Oct;31(10 Suppl):S94-S98. [PubMed:707400 ]
  5. Powell JJ, McNaughton SA, Jugdaohsingh R, Anderson SH, Dear J, Khot F, Mowatt L, Gleason KL, Sykes M, Thompson RP, Bolton-Smith C, Hodson MJ: A provisional database for the silicon content of foods in the United Kingdom. Br J Nutr. 2005 Nov;94(5):804-12. [PubMed:16277785 ]
  6. Porter AE: Nanoscale characterization of the interface between bone and hydroxyapatite implants and the effect of silicon on bone apposition. Micron. 2006;37(8):681-8. Epub 2006 Mar 31. [PubMed:16632368 ]
  7. Jugdaohsingh R: Silicon and bone health. J Nutr Health Aging. 2007 Mar-Apr;11(2):99-110. [PubMed:17435952 ]
  8. Showell GA, Mills JS: Chemistry challenges in lead optimization: silicon isosteres in drug discovery. Drug Discov Today. 2003 Jun 15;8(12):551-6. [PubMed:12821303 ]
  9. Bains W, Tacke R: Silicon chemistry as a novel source of chemical diversity in drug design. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel. 2003 Jul;6(4):526-43. [PubMed:12951816 ]
  10. Shanklin DR, Smalley DL: The immunopathology of siliconosis. History, clinical presentation, and relation to silicosis and the chemistry of silicon and silicone. Immunol Res. 1998;18(3):125-73. [PubMed:9951648 ]