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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2019-10-08 15:59:40 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 03:18:17 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0240468
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common Name4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate
Description4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as catechins. Catechins are compounds containing a catechin moiety, which is a 3,4-dihydro-2-chromene-3,5.7-tiol. Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfuric acidGenerator
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulphateGenerator
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulphuric acidGenerator
[(2R,3R)-3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]oxidanesulfonateHMDB
[(2R,3R)-3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]oxidanesulphonateHMDB
[(2R,3R)-3,7-Dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]oxidanesulphonic acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC16H16O9S
Average Molecular Weight384.36
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight384.051503269
IUPAC Name[(2R,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
Traditional Name[(2R,3R)-3,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(O)CC2=C(O[C@]1([H])C1=CC(O)=C(OC)C=C1)C=C(O)C=C2OS(O)(=O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C16H16O9S/c1-23-13-3-2-8(4-11(13)18)16-12(19)7-10-14(24-16)5-9(17)6-15(10)25-26(20,21)22/h2-6,12,16-19H,7H2,1H3,(H,20,21,22)/t12-,16-/m1/s1
InChI KeyJSNCQMRECHVQQQ-MLGOLLRUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as catechins. Catechins are compounds containing a catechin moiety, which is a 3,4-dihydro-2-chromene-3,5.7-Tiol.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassFlavonoids
Sub ClassFlavans
Direct ParentCatechins
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Catechin
  • 4p-methoxyflavonoid-skeleton
  • Hydroxyflavonoid
  • 7-hydroxyflavonoid
  • 3'-hydroxyflavonoid
  • 3-hydroxyflavonoid
  • Methoxyphenol
  • Benzopyran
  • 1-benzopyran
  • Chromane
  • Arylsulfate
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Phenol ether
  • Anisole
  • Methoxybenzene
  • Phenol
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Sulfuric acid ester
  • Sulfate-ester
  • Sulfuric acid monoester
  • Organic sulfuric acid or derivatives
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Ether
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP0.06ALOGPS
logP-0.57ChemAxon
logS-2.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)-2.3ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area142.75 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity88.47 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability35.83 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+186.22330932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-183.82730932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-217.10230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+192.13530932474

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate[H][C@@]1(O)CC2=C(O[C@]1([H])C1=CC(O)=C(OC)C=C1)C=C(O)C=C2OS(O)(=O)=O5823.9Standard polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate[H][C@@]1(O)CC2=C(O[C@]1([H])C1=CC(O)=C(OC)C=C1)C=C(O)C=C2OS(O)(=O)=O3126.2Standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate[H][C@@]1(O)CC2=C(O[C@]1([H])C1=CC(O)=C(OC)C=C1)C=C(O)C=C2OS(O)(=O)=O3533.5Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O3357.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3363.9Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TMS,isomer #3COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O3381.3Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TMS,isomer #4COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O3416.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O3202.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3263.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TMS,isomer #3COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O3256.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TMS,isomer #4COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3272.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TMS,isomer #5COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3288.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TMS,isomer #6COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O3284.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3194.6Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O3207.0Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TMS,isomer #3COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3206.3Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TMS,isomer #4COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3236.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,4TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3226.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,4TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3455.6Standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,4TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C3921.3Standard polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O3637.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3649.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TBDMS,isomer #3COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O3663.9Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,1TBDMS,isomer #4COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O3683.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O3764.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3756.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TBDMS,isomer #3COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O3745.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TBDMS,isomer #4COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3826.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TBDMS,isomer #5COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3788.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,2TBDMS,isomer #6COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O3821.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3956.0Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O3921.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TBDMS,isomer #3COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3884.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,3TBDMS,isomer #4COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3942.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,4TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4088.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,4TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4453.9Standard non polar33892256
4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate,4TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C([C@H]2OC3=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC(OS(=O)(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C3C[C@H]2O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4081.9Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kr-0149000000-a2639d819e4f3b4821112017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014r-0695000000-50059bbb7329a160757c2017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0uk9-3970000000-bd80f5be6eac37b4e06b2017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0019000000-2ddb29569f7b7d2060662017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014r-0978000000-8c4560dcc593646916662017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0abi-1930000000-c6d315540f66e258bfed2017-06-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-0029000000-0eac46abc3dfbabcddf02021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00kr-0965000000-ea7b527e06e4478557942021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-3931000000-12a454799a6b6e29508a2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0009000000-a03de521211322b484602021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0159-1349000000-46f4dec52b98a9b805b62021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Methylepicatechin 5-sulfate 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-067i-1392000000-e8931e9df43a6cd346f72021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB093647
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID32698518
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound71579213
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available