Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Predicted |
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Creation Date | 2021-03-31 19:29:05 UTC |
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Update Date | 2022-10-24 19:45:18 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0241664 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | None |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine |
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Description | 4-oxopentanoylcarnitine is an acylcarnitine. More specifically, it is an 4-oxopentanoic acid ester of carnitine. Acylcarnitines were first discovered more than 70 year ago (PMID: 13825279 ). It is believed that there are more than 1000 types of acylcarnitines in the human body. The general role of acylcarnitines is to transport acyl-groups (organic acids and fatty acids) from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria so that they can be broken down to produce energy. This process is known as beta-oxidation. According to a recent review (PMID: 35710135 ), acylcarnitines (ACs) can be classified into 9 different categories depending on the type and size of their acyl-group: 1) short-chain ACs; 2) medium-chain ACs; 3) long-chain ACs; 4) very long-chain ACs; 5) hydroxy ACs; 6) branched chain ACs; 7) unsaturated ACs; 8) dicarboxylic ACs and 9) miscellaneous ACs. Short-chain ACs have acyl-groups with two to five carbons (C2-C5), medium-chain ACs have acyl-groups with six to thirteen carbons (C6-C13), long-chain ACs have acyl-groups with fourteen to twenty once carbons (C14-C21) and very long-chain ACs have acyl groups with more than 22 carbons. 4-oxopentanoylcarnitine is therefore classified as a short chain AC. As a short-chain acylcarnitine 4-oxopentanoylcarnitine is a member of the most abundant group of carnitines in the body, comprising more than 50% of all acylcarnitines quantified in tissues and biofluids (PMID: 31920980 ). Some short-chain carnitines have been studied as supplements or treatments for a number of diseases, including neurological disorders and inborn errors of metabolism. Carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT, EC:2.3.1.7) is responsible for the synthesis of all short-chain and short branched-chain acylcarnitines (PMID: 23485643 ). The study of acylcarnitines is an active area of research and it is likely that many novel acylcarnitines will be discovered in the coming years. It is also likely that many novel roles in health and disease will be uncovered. An excellent review of the current state of knowledge for acylcarnitines is available (PMID: 35710135 ). |
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Structure | CC(=O)CCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C InChI=1S/C12H21NO5/c1-9(14)5-6-12(17)18-10(7-11(15)16)8-13(2,3)4/h10H,5-8H2,1-4H3 |
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Synonyms | Not Available |
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Chemical Formula | C12H21NO5 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 259.302 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 259.14197278 |
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IUPAC Name | 3-[(4-oxopentanoyl)oxy]-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate |
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Traditional Name | 3-[(4-oxopentanoyl)oxy]-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate |
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CAS Registry Number | Not Available |
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SMILES | CC(=O)CCC(=O)OC(CC([O-])=O)C[N+](C)(C)C |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C12H21NO5/c1-9(14)5-6-12(17)18-10(7-11(15)16)8-13(2,3)4/h10H,5-8H2,1-4H3 |
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InChI Key | XDZHMFWKQXZAFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyl carnitines. These are organic compounds containing a fatty acid with the carboxylic acid attached to carnitine through an ester bond. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acid esters |
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Direct Parent | Acyl carnitines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Acyl-carnitine
- Gamma-keto acid
- Short-chain keto acid
- Keto acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Tetraalkylammonium salt
- Quaternary ammonium salt
- Ketone
- Carboxylic acid salt
- Carboxylic acid ester
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organic salt
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Amine
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | Not Available |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Not Available |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredictor | Adduct Type | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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DeepCCS | [M+H]+ | 151.172 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M-H]- | 148.813 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M-2H]- | 181.696 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M+Na]+ | 157.264 | 30932474 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1853.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1820.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC(=CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2326.7 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1810.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1845.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C | 2349.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2087.6 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2041.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC(=CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2394.1 | Standard polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2038.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2043.4 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 2413.3 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOF | Not Available | 2021-04-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOF | Not Available | 2021-04-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOF | Not Available | 2021-04-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-0090000000-08e9168759ae19094cda | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-01p9-9050000000-b514e0b7109a33fd0cea | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Oxopentanoylcarnitine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-e9262cbaff8cb4ad0ba6 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | Not Available |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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| Not Available |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | None |
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Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | Not Available |
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KEGG Compound ID | Not Available |
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BioCyc ID | Not Available |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Not Available |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | Not Available |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | Not Available |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Violante S, Ijlst L, Ruiter J, Koster J, van Lenthe H, Duran M, de Almeida IT, Wanders RJ, Houten SM, Ventura FV: Substrate specificity of human carnitine acetyltransferase: Implications for fatty acid and branched-chain amino acid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Jun;1832(6):773-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.02.012. Epub 2013 Feb 24. [PubMed:23485643 ]
- Blazenovic I, Kind T, Sa MR, Ji J, Vaniya A, Wancewicz B, Roberts BS, Torbasinovic H, Lee T, Mehta SS, Showalter MR, Song H, Kwok J, Jahn D, Kim J, Fiehn O: Structure Annotation of All Mass Spectra in Untargeted Metabolomics. Anal Chem. 2019 Feb 5;91(3):2155-2162. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04698. Epub 2019 Jan 16. [PubMed:30608141 ]
- FRITZ IB: Action of carnitine on long chain fatty acid oxidation by liver. Am J Physiol. 1959 Aug;197:297-304. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.2.297. [PubMed:13825279 ]
- Makarova E, Makrecka-Kuka M, Vilks K, Volska K, Sevostjanovs E, Grinberga S, Zarkova-Malkova O, Dambrova M, Liepinsh E: Decreases in Circulating Concentrations of Long-Chain Acylcarnitines and Free Fatty Acids During the Glucose Tolerance Test Represent Tissue-Specific Insulin Sensitivity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Dec 17;10:870. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00870. eCollection 2019. [PubMed:31920980 ]
- Yu D, Zhou L, Xuan Q, Wang L, Zhao X, Lu X, Xu G: Strategy for Comprehensive Identification of Acylcarnitines Based on Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2018 May 1;90(9):5712-5718. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05471. Epub 2018 Apr 20. [PubMed:29651844 ]
- Yan X, Markey SP, Marupaka R, Dong Q, Cooper BT, Mirokhin YA, Wallace WE, Stein SE: Mass Spectral Library of Acylcarnitines Derived from Human Urine. Anal Chem. 2020 May 5;92(9):6521-6528. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00129. Epub 2020 Apr 23. [PubMed:32271007 ]
- Zuniga A, Li L: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for comprehensive analysis of urinary acylcarnitines. Anal Chim Acta. 2011 Mar 9;689(1):77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.01.018. Epub 2011 Jan 18. [PubMed:21338760 ]
- Dambrova M, Makrecka-Kuka M, Kuka J, Vilskersts R, Nordberg D, Attwood MM, Smesny S, Sen ZD, Guo AC, Oler E, Tian S, Zheng J, Wishart DS, Liepinsh E, Schioth HB: Acylcarnitines: Nomenclature, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Potential, Drug Targets, and Clinical Trials. Pharmacol Rev. 2022 Jul;74(3):506-551. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000408. [PubMed:35710135 ]
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