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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 03:27:19 UTC
Update Date2021-09-26 22:59:35 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0248991
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NameBenzilic acid
Descriptionbenzilic acid, also known as benzilsaeure or a-phenylmandelate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diphenylmethanes. Diphenylmethanes are compounds containing a diphenylmethane moiety, which consists of a methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups. It is a white crystalline aromatic acid, soluble in many primary alcohols. Benzilic acid is used in the manufacture of glycollate pharmaceuticals including Clidinium, Dilantin, and Flutropium, which are antagonists of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Another preparation, performed by Liebig in 1838, is the dimerization of benzaldehyde, to benzil, which is transformed to the product by the benzilic acid rearrangement reaction. Benzilic acid can be prepared by heating mixture of benzil, ethanol and potassium hydroxide. benzilic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Benzilic acid is an organic compound with formula C14H12O3 or (C6H5)2(HO)C(COOH). It is used in manufacture of the incapacitating agent 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ) and is regulated by the Chemical Weapons Convention. It is also monitored by law enforcement agencies of many countries, because of its use in the manufacture in hallucinogenic drugs. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Benzilic acid is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Benzilic acid is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acidChEBI
Acide diphenylhydroxyacetiqueChEBI
alpha,alpha-Diphenyl-alpha-hydroxyacetic acidChEBI
alpha,alpha-Diphenylglycolic acidChEBI
alpha-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acidChEBI
alpha-Hydroxy-alpha-phenylbenzeneacetic acidChEBI
alpha-Phenylmandelic acidChEBI
BenzilsaeureChEBI
Diphenylglycolic acidChEBI
2-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetateGenerator
a,a-Diphenyl-a-hydroxyacetateGenerator
a,a-Diphenyl-a-hydroxyacetic acidGenerator
alpha,alpha-Diphenyl-alpha-hydroxyacetateGenerator
Α,α-diphenyl-α-hydroxyacetateGenerator
Α,α-diphenyl-α-hydroxyacetic acidGenerator
a,a-DiphenylglycolateGenerator
a,a-Diphenylglycolic acidGenerator
alpha,alpha-DiphenylglycolateGenerator
Α,α-diphenylglycolateGenerator
Α,α-diphenylglycolic acidGenerator
a-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetateGenerator
a-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acidGenerator
alpha-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetateGenerator
Α-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetateGenerator
Α-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acidGenerator
a-Hydroxy-a-phenylbenzeneacetateGenerator
a-Hydroxy-a-phenylbenzeneacetic acidGenerator
alpha-Hydroxy-alpha-phenylbenzeneacetateGenerator
Α-hydroxy-α-phenylbenzeneacetateGenerator
Α-hydroxy-α-phenylbenzeneacetic acidGenerator
a-PhenylmandelateGenerator
a-Phenylmandelic acidGenerator
alpha-PhenylmandelateGenerator
Α-phenylmandelateGenerator
Α-phenylmandelic acidGenerator
DiphenylglycolateGenerator
BenzilateGenerator
DPHEAcMeSH
2,2-Diphenyl-2-hydroxyethanoic acidMeSH
Chemical FormulaC14H12O3
Average Molecular Weight228.2433
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight228.07864425
IUPAC Name2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acid
Traditional Namebenzilic acid
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
OC(=O)C(O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C14H12O3/c15-13(16)14(17,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10,17H,(H,15,16)
InChI KeyUKXSKSHDVLQNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diphenylmethanes. Diphenylmethanes are compounds containing a diphenylmethane moiety, which consists of a methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassDiphenylmethanes
Direct ParentDiphenylmethanes
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Diphenylmethane
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Tertiary alcohol
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP2.12ALOGPS
logP2.56ChemAxon
logS-2.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.7ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.5ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area57.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity63.48 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability23.31 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+149.6330932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-147.23430932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-180.32130932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+155.54230932474
AllCCS[M+H]+152.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+148.832859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+156.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+157.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-151.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-151.132859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-151.032859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Benzilic acidOC(=O)C(O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C12868.6Standard polar33892256
Benzilic acidOC(=O)C(O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C12037.9Standard non polar33892256
Benzilic acidOC(=O)C(O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C11946.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001i-0900000000-3f167fbecb453382e6282021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0190000000-efaac40d8a455261b4202021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01t9-5490000000-034f3edee73420aeddaa2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-9100000000-2b02c41a39372f9d42582021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0900000000-2565412c6fe1c60ab16f2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-1900000000-5fe93bf8c00d775713c12021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Benzilic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-1900000000-622ef9be868df501ca202021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkBenzilic acid
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID39414
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]