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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 09:17:08 UTC
Update Date2021-09-26 23:03:53 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0251711
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NameEfaproxiral
DescriptionEfaproxiral, also known as RSR13 CPD or RSR-56, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenoxyacetic acid derivatives. Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an anisole where the methane group is linked to an acetic acid or a derivative. Efaproxiral (INN) is an analogue of the cholesterol drug bezafibrate developed for the treatment of depression, traumatic brain injury, ischemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, hypoxia, sickle cell disease, hypercholesterolemia and as a radio sensitiser. This has led World Anti-Doping Agency to categorise efaproxiral under a prohibited method to artificially enhance the uptake, transport or delivery of oxygen. Efaproxiral is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Efaproxiral can be absorbed via transdermal, rectal, inhalation and gastrointestinal routes, though not at plasma concentrations great enough to alter the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve. One use for efaproxiral is to increase the efficacy of certain chemotherapy drugs which have reduced efficacy against hypoxic tumours, and can thus be made more effective by increased offloading of oxygen into the tumour tissues. The increased oxygenation of tissues could theoretically also produce enhanced exercise capacity in feline, rat and canine models for approximately 100 min. immediately after a high dosage 45 min. intravenous infusion. There is no existing evidence that efaproxiral can effectively enhance performance in humans. No benefit was seen for efaproxiral in phase III clinical trials. The chemical is a propanoic acid in the class of amphipathic carboxylic acids. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Efaproxiral is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Efaproxiral is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
RSR-56MeSH
RSR-13MeSH
RSR13 CPDMeSH
RSR 56MeSH
2-(4-(2-((3,5-Dimethylphenyl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoic acidMeSH
2-DACMPPMeSH
RSR13MeSH
RSR 13MeSH
2-{4-[(3,5-dimethylanilino)-carbonyl-methyl]-phenoxy}-2-methylpropionateGenerator
2-(4-{[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]methyl}phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoateGenerator
Chemical FormulaC20H23NO4
Average Molecular Weight341.4009
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight341.162708229
IUPAC Name2-(4-{[(3,5-dimethylphenyl)carbamoyl]methyl}phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid
Traditional Nameefaproxiral
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
CC1=CC(NC(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)C=C2)=CC(C)=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H23NO4/c1-13-9-14(2)11-16(10-13)21-18(22)12-15-5-7-17(8-6-15)25-20(3,4)19(23)24/h5-11H,12H2,1-4H3,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)
InChI KeyBNFRJXLZYUTIII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenoxyacetic acid derivatives. Phenoxyacetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an anisole where the methane group is linked to an acetic acid or a derivative.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassPhenoxyacetic acid derivatives
Direct ParentPhenoxyacetic acid derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenoxyacetate
  • Phenylacetamide
  • Anilide
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Phenol ether
  • N-arylamide
  • M-xylene
  • Xylene
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP3.12ALOGPS
logP4.39ChemAxon
logS-5.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.56ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area75.63 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count6ChemAxon
Refractivity97.48 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability37.38 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+190.76730932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-188.02830932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-223.02530932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+199.31530932474
AllCCS[M+H]+183.532859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+180.632859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+186.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+187.132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-187.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-187.132859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-187.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
EfaproxiralCC1=CC(NC(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)C=C2)=CC(C)=C14123.6Standard polar33892256
EfaproxiralCC1=CC(NC(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)C=C2)=CC(C)=C12841.8Standard non polar33892256
EfaproxiralCC1=CC(NC(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(O)=O)C=C2)=CC(C)=C12814.4Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Efaproxiral,2TMS,isomer #1CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12561.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Efaproxiral,2TMS,isomer #1CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12624.2Standard non polar33892256
Efaproxiral,2TMS,isomer #1CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C)=C13054.8Standard polar33892256
Efaproxiral,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C13054.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Efaproxiral,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C13034.3Standard non polar33892256
Efaproxiral,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC1=CC(C)=CC(N(C(=O)CC2=CC=C(OC(C)(C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C13244.9Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-05fr-1930000000-8b2b0251748180f0b5ca2017-08-28Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-04Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-1139000000-701fb4b02dc9cd7c46b42017-07-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0abd-2492000000-6cef3748f1e5bd23c58a2017-07-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-2910000000-4c6f9a760968da515bb62017-07-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-0119000000-e96b0bc6f201d6f6a30d2017-07-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0fdo-0694000000-e02ed98541dea3f0ae472017-07-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-05fs-0910000000-1f4832dd4ea9e7a6bc7f2017-07-26Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0269000000-932450ec96c3811362272021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ab9-0920000000-65f8de4d874088e67d8f2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ac0-0920000000-41e5323bebb6e386ac172021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0uk9-0890000000-b71a9a17e64b1d8884582021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0ul0-0960000000-ed0ab79d53d8752e16802021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efaproxiral 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-006t-1910000000-23d87aabd7e36d490e9b2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB08486
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkEfaproxiral
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound122335
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]