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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2021-09-11 15:03:35 UTC
Update Date2021-09-26 23:10:11 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0255424
Secondary Accession NumbersNone
Metabolite Identification
Common NameNafoxidine
DescriptionNafoxidine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylnaphthalenes. Phenylnaphthalenes are compounds containing a phenylnaphthalene skeleton, which consists of a naphthalene bound to a phenyl group. It was developed at around the same time as tamoxifen and clomifene, which are also triphenylethylene derivatives. Nafoxidine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). However, it produced side effects including ichthyosis, partial hair loss, and phototoxicity of the skin in almost all patients, and this resulted in the discontinuation of its development. Nafoxidine was assessed in clinical trials in the treatment of breast cancer and was found to be effective. The drug was originally synthesized by the fertility control program at Upjohn as a postcoital contraceptive, but was subsequently repurposed for the treatment of breast cancer. Nafoxidine (INN; developmental code names U-11,000A, NSC-70735) or nafoxidine hydrochloride (USAN) is a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) or partial antiestrogen of the triphenylethylene group that was developed for the treatment of advanced breast cancer by Upjohn in the 1970s but was never marketed. Nafoxidine is a long-acting estrogen receptor ligand, with a nuclear retention in the range of 24 to 48 hours or more. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Nafoxidine is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Nafoxidine is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
Hydrochloride, nafoxidineMeSH
Nafoxidine hydrochlorideMeSH
U-11000aChEMBL
Chemical FormulaC29H31NO2
Average Molecular Weight425.572
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight425.235479242
IUPAC Name1-{2-[4-(6-methoxy-2-phenyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1-yl)phenoxy]ethyl}pyrrolidine
Traditional Namenafoxidine
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
COC1=CC=C2C(CCC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2C2=CC=C(OCCN3CCCC3)C=C2)=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C29H31NO2/c1-31-26-14-16-28-24(21-26)11-15-27(22-7-3-2-4-8-22)29(28)23-9-12-25(13-10-23)32-20-19-30-17-5-6-18-30/h2-4,7-10,12-14,16,21H,5-6,11,15,17-20H2,1H3
InChI KeyJEYWNNAZDLFBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylnaphthalenes. Phenylnaphthalenes are compounds containing a phenylnaphthalene skeleton, which consists of a naphthalene bound to a phenyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassNaphthalenes
Sub ClassPhenylnaphthalenes
Direct ParentPhenylnaphthalenes
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenylnaphthalene
  • Stilbene
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Anisole
  • Phenol ether
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • N-alkylpyrrolidine
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Tertiary amine
  • Ether
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP6.36ALOGPS
logP6.2ChemAxon
logS-5.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.95ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area21.7 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count7ChemAxon
Refractivity141.07 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability50.19 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+205.98130932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-203.62330932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-236.50730932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+212.07430932474
AllCCS[M+H]+209.232859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+206.832859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+211.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+211.932859911
AllCCS[M-H]-206.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-206.932859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-207.332859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
NafoxidineCOC1=CC=C2C(CCC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2C2=CC=C(OCCN3CCCC3)C=C2)=C14844.4Standard polar33892256
NafoxidineCOC1=CC=C2C(CCC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2C2=CC=C(OCCN3CCCC3)C=C2)=C13433.7Standard non polar33892256
NafoxidineCOC1=CC=C2C(CCC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2C2=CC=C(OCCN3CCCC3)C=C2)=C13681.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-003r-9005100000-bf42a00371c7c92f6d612021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-2103900000-20d62335a037a2cecbb42019-02-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9323100000-41f3b5ce93ea16447ea12019-02-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-9212000000-56de5f6b718fb9c79afd2019-02-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-0002900000-f87c247d1b57adee23b02019-02-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00fr-3029600000-2a34647b9a72227ebc9b2019-02-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Nafoxidine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0201-5069000000-d8cb7647eeef6cefb87a2019-02-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC14212
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNafoxidine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound4416
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. Epub 2019 Sep 26. [PubMed:31557052 ]