1. 17-Hydroxy-androstan-3-one
2. 17-Hydroxyandrostan-3-one
3. 17b-Hydroxy-3-androstanone
4. 17beta-Hydroxyandrostan-3-one
5. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one
6. 4,5a-Dihydrotestosterone
7. 4-Dihydrotestosterone
8. 5-a-Androstanolone
9. 5A-Androstan-3-on-17B-ol
10. 5B-Androstan-3-on-17B-ol
11. 5a-Androstan-17b-ol-3-one
12. 5a-Dihydrotestosterone
13. 5alpha-Dihydrotestosterone
14. 5alpha-androstan-17beta-ol-3-one
15. Anaboleen
16. Anabolex
17. Andractim
18. Androlone
19. Androstalone
20. Androstanolone
21. Cristerona MB
22. DHT
23. Dihydrotestosterone
24. Drolban
25. Neodrol
26. Proteina
27. Protona
28. Stanaprol
29. Stanolone
30. Stanorone
31. 5-alpha-Androstanolone

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• Membrane (Predicted from LogP)
• Cytoplasm
• endoplasmic reticulum
• Extracellular

• Blood

• 608516 (Major depressive disorder)

1. Choi MH, Kim JN, Chung BC: Rapid HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometric assay for urinary testosterone and dihydrotestosterone glucuronides from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. Clin Chem. 2003 Feb;49(2):322-5. [PubMed ]
2. Tincello DG, Saunders PT, Hodgins MB, Simpson NB, Edwards CR, Hargreaves TB, Wu FC: Correlation of clinical, endocrine and molecular abnormalities with in vivo responses to high-dose testosterone in patients with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1997 Apr;46(4):497-506. [PubMed ]
3. Farthing MJ, Rees LH, Edwards CR, Dawson AM: Male gonadal function in coeliac disease: 2. Sex hormones. Gut. 1983 Feb;24(2):127-35. [PubMed ]
4. Aganovic I, Alac M, Cabrijan T, Grizelj V, Korsic M, Misjak-Vitez M, Reiner Z, Suchanek E, Simunic V, Zjacic-Rotkvic V: [National consensus on hyperandrogenemia] Lijec Vjesn. 1996 Sep;118(9):189-90. [PubMed ]
5. Clark RV, Hermann DJ, Cunningham GR, Wilson TH, Morrill BB, Hobbs S: Marked suppression of dihydrotestosterone in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia by dutasteride, a dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 May;89(5):2179-84. [PubMed ]
6. Sato T, Sonoda T, Itami S, Takayasu S: Predominance of type I 5alpha-reductase in apocrine sweat glands of patients with excessive or abnormal odour derived from apocrine sweat (osmidrosis). Br J Dermatol. 1998 Nov;139(5):806-10. [PubMed ]
7. Christiansen K, Knussmann R: Androgen levels and components of aggressive behavior in men. Horm Behav. 1987 Jun;21(2):170-80. [PubMed ]
8. Hammond GL, Leinonen P, Bolton NJ, Vihko R: Measurement of sex hormone binding globulin in human amniotic fluid: its relationship to protein and testosterone concentrations, and fetal sex. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1983 Apr;18(4):377-84. [PubMed ]
9. Gratterola R: Anovulation and increased androgenic activity as breast cancer risk in women with fibrocystic disease of the breast. Cancer Res. 1978 Sep;38(9):3051-4. [PubMed ]
10. Boccon-Gibod L, Laudat MH, Guiban D, Steg A: Hormonal consequences of orchidectomy for carcinoma of the prostate. With special reference to the measurement of free testosterone in saliva and prostatic dihydrotestosterone levels. Eur Urol. 1988;15(1-2):99-102. [PubMed ]
11. Misao R, Itoh N, Mori H, Fujimoto J, Tamaya T: Sex hormone-binding globulin mRNA levels in human uterine endometrium. Eur J Endocrinol. 1994 Dec;131(6):623-9. [PubMed ]
12. Toscano V, Horton R: Circulating dihydrotestosterone may not reflect peripheral formation. J Clin Invest. 1987 Jun;79(6):1653-8. [PubMed ]
13. Pineiro V, Casabiell X, Peino R, Lage M, Camina JP, Menendez C, Baltar J, Dieguez C, Casanueva F: Dihydrotestosterone, stanozolol, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate inhibit leptin secretion in female but not in male samples of omental adipose tissue in vitro: lack of effect of testosterone. J Endocrinol. 1999 Mar;160(3):425-32. [PubMed ]
14. Dawood MY, Saxena BB: Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in maternal and cord blood and in amniotic fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977 Sep 1;129(1):37-42. [PubMed ]
15. Geller J, Candari CD: Comparison of dihydrotestosterone levels in prostatic cancer metastases and primary prostate cancer. Prostate. 1989;15(2):171-5. [PubMed ]
16. Cutolo M, Seriolo B, Villaggio B, Pizzorni C, Craviotto C, Sulli A: Androgens and estrogens modulate the immune and inflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;966:131-42. [PubMed ]
17. Wikipedia

1. 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2
2. 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1
3. Androgen receptor
4. Putative uncharacterized protein

1. Steroid 5- alpha-reductase 2
2. SR type 2
3. 5 alpha-SR2
4. Type II 5-alpha reductase

MQVQCQQSPVLAGSATLVALGALALYVAKPSGYGKHTESLKPAATRLPARAAWFLQELPS
FAVPAGILARQPLSLFGPPGTVLLGLFCVHYFHRTFVYSLLNRGRPYPAILILRGTAFCT
GNGVLQGYYLIYCAEYPDGWYTDIRFSLGVFLFILGMGINIHSDYILRQLRKPGEISYRI
PQGGLFTYVSGANFLGEIIEWIGYALATWSLPALAFAFFSLCFLGLRAFHHHRFYLKMFE
DYPKSRKALIPFIF

• Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism (map00150 )
• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )

• a 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid + acceptor = a 3-oxo-delta4-steroid + reduced acceptor

• Steroid_dh (PF02544 )

• 1-34

ATGCAGGTTCAGTGCCAGCAGAGCCCAGTGCTGGCAGGCAGCGCCACTTTGGTCGCCCTT
GGGGCACTGGCCTTGTACGTCGCGAAGCCCTCCGGCTACGGGAAGCACACGGAGAGCCTG
AAGCCGGCGGCTACCCGCCTGCCAGCCCGCGCCGCCTGGTTCCTGCAGGAGCTGCCTTCC
TTCGCGGTGCCCGCGGGGATCCTCGCCCGGCAGCCCCTCTCCCTCTTCGGGCCACCTGGG
ACGGTACTTCTGGGCCTCTTCTGCGTACATTACTTCCACAGGACATTTGTGTACTCACTG
CTCAATCGAGGGAGGCCTTATCCAGCTATACTCATTCTCAGAGGCACTGCCTTCTGCACT
GGAAATGGAGTCCTTCAAGGCTACTATCTGATTTACTGTGCTGAATACCCTGATGGGTGG
TACACAGACATACGGTTTAGCTTGGGTGTCTTCTTATTTATTTTGGGAATGGGAATAAAC
ATTCATAGTGACTATATATTGCGCCAGCTCAGGAAGCCTGGAGAAATCAGCTACAGGATT
CCACAAGGTGGCTTGTTTACGTATGTTTCTGGAGCCAATTTCCTCGGTGAGATCATTGAA
TGGATCGGCTATGCCCTGGCCACTTGGTCCCTCCCAGCACTTGCATTTGCATTTTTCTCA
CTTTGTTTCCTTGGGCTGCGAGCTTTTCACCACCATAGGTTCTACCTCAAGATGTTTGAG
GACTACCCCAAATCTCGGAAAGCCCTTATTCCATTCATCTTTTAA

1. Andersson S, Berman DM, Jenkins EP, Russell DW: Deletion of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 gene in male pseudohermaphroditism. Nature. 1991 Nov 14;354(6349):159-61. [PubMed ]
2. Labrie F, Sugimoto Y, Luu-The V, Simard J, Lachance Y, Bachvarov D, Leblanc G, Durocher F, Paquet N: Structure of human type II 5 alpha-reductase gene. Endocrinology. 1992 Sep;131(3):1571-3. [PubMed ]
3. Thigpen AE, Davis DL, Milatovich A, Mendonca BB, Imperato-McGinley J, Griffin JE, Francke U, Wilson JD, Russell DW: Molecular genetics of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2 deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1992 Sep;90(3):799-809. [PubMed ]
4. Boudon C, Lobaccaro JM, Lumbroso S, Ogur G, Ocal G, Belon C, Sultan C: A new deletion of the 5 alpha-reductase type 2 gene in a Turkish family with 5 alpha-reductase deficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1995 Aug;43(2):183-8. [PubMed ]
5. Cai LQ, Zhu YS, Katz MD, Herrera C, Baez J, DeFillo-Ricart M, Shackleton CH, Imperato-McGinley J: 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene mutations in the Dominican Republic. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 May;81(5):1730-5. [PubMed ]
6. Hochberg Z, Chayen R, Reiss N, Falik Z, Makler A, Munichor M, Farkas A, Goldfarb H, Ohana N, Hiort O: Clinical, biochemical, and genetic findings in a large pedigree of male and female patients with 5 alpha-reductase 2 deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Aug;81(8):2821-7. [PubMed ]
7. Anwar R, Gilbey SG, New JP, Markham AF: Male pseudohermaphroditism resulting from a novel mutation in the human steroid 5 alpha-reductase type 2 gene (SRD5A2). Mol Pathol. 1997 Feb;50(1):51-2. [PubMed ]
8. Nordenskjold A, Magnus O, Aagenaes O, Knudtzon J: Homozygous mutation (A228T) in the 5alpha-reductase type 2 gene in a boy with 5alpha-reductase deficiency: genotype-phenotype correlations. Am J Med Genet. 1998 Nov 16;80(3):269-72. [PubMed ]
9. Nordenskjold A, Ivarsson SA: Molecular characterization of 5 alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency and fertility in a Swedish family. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Sep;83(9):3236-8. [PubMed ]
10. Makridakis NM, Ross RK, Pike MC, Crocitto LE, Kolonel LN, Pearce CL, Henderson BE, Reichardt JK: Association of mis-sense substitution in SRD5A2 gene with prostate cancer in African-American and Hispanic men in Los Angeles, USA. Lancet. 1999 Sep 18;354(9183):975-8. [PubMed ]
11. Vilchis F, Mendez JP, Canto P, Lieberman E, Chavez B: Identification of missense mutations in the SRD5A2 gene from patients with steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 deficiency. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2000 Mar;52(3):383-7. [PubMed ]
12. Chavez B, Valdez E, Vilchis F: Uniparental disomy in steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Sep;85(9):3147-50. [PubMed ]
13. Pearce CL, Makridakis NM, Ross RK, Pike MC, Kolonel LN, Henderson BE, Reichardt JK: Steroid 5-alpha reductase type II V89L substitution is not associated with risk of prostate cancer in a multiethnic population study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 Apr;11(4):417-8. [PubMed ]

1. Steroid 5- alpha-reductase 1
2. SR type 1
3. S5AR

MATATGVAEERLLAALAYLQCAVGCAVFARNRQTNSVYGRHALPSHRLRVPARAAWVVQE
LPSLALPLYQYASESAPRLRSAPNCILLAMFLVHYGHRCLIYPFLMRGGKPMPLLACTMA
IMFCTCNGYLQSRYLSHCAVYADDWVTDPRFLIGFGLWLTGMLINIHSDHILRNLRKPGD
TGYKIPRGGLFEYVTAANYFGEIMEWCGYALASWSVQGAAFAFFTFCFLSGRAKEHHEWY
LRKFEEYPKFRKIIIPFLF

• Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism (map00150 )
• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )

• a 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid + acceptor = a 3-oxo-delta4-steroid + reduced acceptor

• Steroid_dh (PF02544 )

• 1-24

• 111-131 151-171 209-229

ATGGCAACGGCGACGGGGGTGGCGGAGGAGCGCCTGCTGGCCGCGCTCGCCTACCTGCAG
TGCGCCGTGGGCTGCGCGGTCTTCGCGCGGAATCGTCAGACGAACTCAGTGTACGGCCGC
CACGCGCTGCCCAGCCACAGGCTCCGAGTGCCGGCGCGGGCCGCCTGGGTGGTGCAGGAG
CTGCCCTCGCTGGCCCTGCCGCTCTACCAGTACGCCAGCGAGTCCGCCCCGCGTCTCCGC
AGCGCGCCCAACTGCATCCTCCTGGCCATGTTCCTCGTCCACTACGGGCATCGGTGCTTA
ATTTACCCGTTTCTGATGCGAGGAGGAAAGCCTATGCCACTGTTGGCATGTACAATGGCG
ATTATGTTCTGTACCTGTAACGGCTATTTGCAAAGCAGATACTTGAGCCATTGTGCAGTG
TATGCTGATGACTGGGTAACAGATCCCCGTTTTCTAATAGGTTTTGGCTTGTGGTTAACA
GGCATGTTGATAAACATCCATTCAGATCATATCCTAAGGAATCTCAGAAAACCAGGAGAT
ACTGGATACAAAATACCAAGGGGAGGCTTATTTGAATACGTAACTGCAGCCAACTATTTT
GGAGAAATCATGGAGTGGTGTGGCTATGCCCTGGCCAGCTGGTCTGTCCAAGGCGCGGCT
TTTGCTTTCTTCACGTTTTGTTTTTTATCTGGTAGAGCAAAAGAGCATCATGAGTGGTAC
CTCCGGAAATTTGAAGAGTATCCAAAGTTCAGAAAAATTATAATTCCATTTTTGTTTTAA

1. Andersson S, Russell DW: Structural and biochemical properties of cloned and expressed human and rat steroid 5 alpha-reductases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(10):3640-4. [PubMed ]
2. Jenkins EP, Hsieh CL, Milatovich A, Normington K, Berman DM, Francke U, Russell DW: Characterization and chromosomal mapping of a human steroid 5 alpha-reductase gene and pseudogene and mapping of the mouse homologue. Genomics. 1991 Dec;11(4):1102-12. [PubMed ]
3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed ]
4. Eminovic I, Liovic M, Prezelj J, Kocijancic A, Rozman D, Komel R: New steroid 5alpha-reductase type I (SRD5A1) homologous sequences on human chromosomes 6 and 8. Pflugers Arch. 2001;442(6 Suppl 1):R187-9. [PubMed ]

1. Dihydrotestosterone receptor

MEVQLGLGRVYPRPPSKTYRGAFQNLFQSVREVIQNPGPRHPEAASAAPPGASLLLLQQQ
QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQETSPRQQQQQQGEDGSPQAHRRGPTGYLVLDEEQQPSQPQSA
LECHPERGCVPEPGAAVAASKGLPQQLPAPPDEDDSAAPSTLSLLGPTFPGLSSCSADLK
DILSEASTMQLLQQQQQEAVSEGSSSGRAREASGAPTSSKDNYLGGTSTISDNAKELCKA
VSVSMGLGVEALEHLSPGEQLRGDCMYAPLLGVPPAVRPTPCAPLAECKGSLLDDSAGKS
TEDTAEYSPFKGGYTKGLEGESLGCSGSAAAGSSGTLELPSTLSLYKSGALDEAAAYQSR
DYYNFPLALAGPPPPPPPPHPHARIKLENPLDYGSAWAAAAAQCRYGDLASLHGAGAAGP
GSGSPSAAASSSWHTLFTAEEGQLYGPCGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGEAGAVAPY
GYTRPPQGLAGQESDFTAPDVWYPGGMVSRVPYPSPTCVKSEMGPWMDSYSGPYGDMRLE
TARDHVLPIDYYFPPQKTCLICGDEASGCHYGALTCGSCKVFFKRAAEGKQKYLCASRND
CTIDKFRRKNCPSCRLRKCYEAGMTLGARKLKKLGNLKLQEEGEASSTTSPTEETTQKLT
VSHIEGYECQPIFLNVLEAIEPGVVCAGHDNNQPDSFAALLSSLNELGERQLVHVVKWAK
ALPGFRNLHVDDQMAVIQYSWMGLMVFAMGWRSFTNVNSRMLYFAPDLVFNEYRMHKSRM
YSQCVRMRHLSQEFGWLQITPQEFLCMKALLLFSIIPVDGLKNQKFFDELRMNYIKELDR
IIACKRKNPTSCSRRFYQLTKLLDSVQPIARELHQFTFDLLIKSHMVSVDFPEMMAEIIS
VQVPKILSGKVKPIYFHTQ

• Androgen_recep (PF02166 )
• Hormone_recep (PF00104 )
• zf-C4 (PF00105 )

• None

• None

ATGGAAGTGCAGTTAGGGCTGGGAAGGGTCTACCCTCGGCCGCCGTCCAAGACCTACCGA
GGAGCTTTCCAGAATCTGTTCCAGAGCGTGCGCGAAGTGATCCAGAACCCGGGCCCCAGG
CACCCAGAGGCCGCGAGCGCAGCACCTCCCGGCGCCAGTTTGCTGCTGCTGCAGCAGCAG
CAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAAGAGACT
AGCCCCAGGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGGGTGAGGATGGTTCTCCCCAAGCCCATCGTAGA
GGCCCCACAGGCTACCTGGTCCTGGATGAGGAACAGCAACCTTCACAGCCGCAGTCGGCC
CTGGAGTGCCACCCCGAGAGAGGTTGCGTCCCAGAGCCTGGAGCCGCCGTGGCCGCCAGC
AAGGGGCTGCCGCAGCAGCTGCCAGCACCTCCGGACGAGGATGACTCAGCTGCCCCATCC
ACGTTGTCCCTGCTGGGCCCCACTTTCCCCGGCTTAAGCAGCTGCTCCGCTGACCTTAAA
GACATCCTGAGCGAGGCCAGCACCATGCAACTCCTTCAGCAACAGCAGCAGGAAGCAGTA
TCCGAAGGCAGCAGCAGCGGGAGAGCGAGGGAGGCCTCGGGGGCTCCCACTTCCTCCAAG
GACAATTACTTAGGGGGCACTTCGACCATTTCTGACAACGCCAAGGAGTTGTGTAAGGCA
GTGTCGGTGTCCATGGGCCTGGGTGTGGAGGCGTTGGAGCATCTGAGTCCAGGGGAACAG
CTTCGGGGGGATTGCATGTACGCCCCACTTTTGGGAGTTCCACCCGCTGTGCGTCCCACT
CCTTGTGCCCCATTGGCCGAATGCAAAGGTTCTCTGCTAGACGACAGCGCAGGCAAGAGC
ACTGAAGATACTGCTGAGTATTCCCCTTTCAAGGGAGGTTACACCAAAGGGCTAGAAGGC
GAGAGCCTAGGCTGCTCTGGCAGCGCTGCAGCAGGGAGCTCCGGGACACTTGAACTGCCG
TCTACCCTGTCTCTCTACAAGTCCGGAGCACTGGACGAGGCAGCTGCGTACCAGAGTCGC
GACTACTACAACTTTCCACTGGCTCTGGCCGGACCGCCGCCCCCTCCGCCGCCTCCCCAT
CCCCACGCTCGCATCAAGCTGGAGAACCCGCTGGACTACGGCAGCGCCTGGGCGGCTGCG
GCGGCGCAGTGCCGCTATGGGGACCTGGCGAGCCTGCATGGCGCGGGTGCAGCGGGACCC
GGTTCTGGGTCACCCTCAGCCGCCGCTTCCTCATCCTGGCACACTCTCTTCACAGCCGAA
GAAGGCCAGTTGTATGGACCGTGTGGTGGTGGTGGGGGTGGTGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGC
GGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGAGGCGGGAGCTGTAGCCCCCTAC
GGCTACACTCGGCCCCCTCAGGGGCTGGCGGGCCAGGAAAGCGACTTCACCGCACCTGAT
GTGTGGTACCCTGGCGGCATGGTGAGCAGAGTGCCCTATCCCAGTCCCACTTGTGTCAAA
AGCGAAATGGGCCCCTGGATGGATAGCTACTCCGGACCTTACGGGGACATGCGTTTGGAG
ACTGCCAGGGACCATGTTTTGCCCATTGACTATTACTTTCCACCCCAGAAGACCTGCCTG
ATCTGTGGAGATGAAGCTTCTGGGTGTCACTATGGAGCTCTCACATGTGGAAGCTGCAAG
GTCTTCTTCAAAAGAGCCGCTGAAGGGAAACAGAAGTACCTGTGCGCCAGCAGAAATGAT
TGCACTATTGATAAATTCCGAAGGAAAAATTGTCCATCTTGTCGTCTTCGGAAATGTTAT
GAAGCAGGGATGACTCTGGGAGCCCGGAAGCTGAAGAAACTTGGTAATCTGAAACTACAG
GAGGAAGGAGAGGCTTCCAGCACCACCAGCCCCACTGAGGAGACAACCCAGAAGCTGACA
GTGTCACACATTGAAGGCTATGAATGTCAGCCCATCTTTCTGAATGTCCTGGAAGCCATT
GAGCCAGGTGTAGTGTGTGCTGGACACGACAACAACCAGCCCGACTCCTTTGCAGCCTTG
CTCTCTAGCCTCAATGAACTGGGAGAGAGACAGCTTGTACACGTGGTCAAGTGGGCCAAG
GCCTTGCCTGGCTTCCGCAACTTACACGTGGACGACCAGATGGCTGTCATTCAGTACTCC
TGGATGGGGCTCATGGTGTTTGCCATGGGCTGGCGATCCTTCACCAATGTCAACTCCAGG
ATGCTCTACTTCGCCCCTGATCTGGTTTTCAATGAGTACCGCATGCACAAGTCCCGGATG
TACAGCCAGTGTGTCCGAATGAGGCACCTCTCTCAAGAGTTTGGATGGCTCCAAATCACC
CCCCAGGAATTCCTGTGCATGAAAGCACTGCTACTCTTCAGCATTATTCCAGTGGATGGG
CTGAAAAATCAAAAATTCTTTGATGAACTTCGAATGAACTACATCAAGGAACTCGATCGT
ATCATTGCATGCAAAAGAAAAAATCCCACATCCTGCTCAAGACGCTTCTACCAGCTCACC
AAGCTCCTGGACTCCGTGCAGCCTATTGCGAGAGAGCTGCATCAGTTCACTTTTGACCTG
CTAATCAAGTCACACATGGTGAGCGTGGACTTTCCGGAAATGATGGCAGAGATCATCTCT
GTGCAAGTGCCCAAGATCCTTTCTGGGAAAGTCAAGCCCATCTATTTCCACACCCAGTGA

1. Lubahn DB, Joseph DR, Sar M, Tan J, Higgs HN, Larson RE, French FS, Wilson EM: The human androgen receptor: complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning, sequence analysis and gene expression in prostate. Mol Endocrinol. 1988 Dec;2(12):1265-75. [PubMed ]
2. Lubahn DB, Brown TR, Simental JA, Higgs HN, Migeon CJ, Wilson EM, French FS: Sequence of the intron/exon junctions of the coding region of the human androgen receptor gene and identification of a point mutation in a family with complete androgen insensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(23):9534-8. [PubMed ]
3. Govindan MV: Specific region in hormone binding domain is essential for hormone binding and trans-activation by human androgen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Mar;4(3):417-27. [PubMed ]
4. Chang CS, Kokontis J, Liao ST: Structural analysis of complementary DNA and amino acid sequences of human and rat androgen receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(19):7211-5. [PubMed ]
5. Rao MA, Cheng H, Quayle AN, Nishitani H, Nelson CC, Rennie PS: RanBPM, a nuclear protein that interacts with and regulates transcriptional activity of androgen receptor and glucocorticoid receptor. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 13;277(50):48020-7. Epub 2002 Oct 1. [PubMed ]
6. Tilley WD, Marcelli M, Wilson JD, McPhaul MJ: Characterization and expression of a cDNA encoding the human androgen receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):327-31. [PubMed ]
7. Marcelli M, Tilley WD, Wilson CM, Griffin JE, Wilson JD, McPhaul MJ: Definition of the human androgen receptor gene structure permits the identification of mutations that cause androgen resistance: premature termination of the receptor protein at amino acid residue 588 causes complete androgen resistance. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Aug;4(8):1105-16. [PubMed ]
8. Faber PW, Kuiper GG, van Rooij HC, van der Korput JA, Brinkmann AO, Trapman J: The N-terminal domain of the human androgen receptor is encoded by one, large exon. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1989 Feb;61(2):257-62. [PubMed ]
9. Chang CS, Kokontis J, Liao ST: Molecular cloning of human and rat complementary DNA encoding androgen receptors. Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):324-6. [PubMed ]
10. Trapman J, Klaassen P, Kuiper GG, van der Korput JA, Faber PW, van Rooij HC, Geurts van Kessel A, Voorhorst MM, Mulder E, Brinkmann AO: Cloning, structure and expression of a cDNA encoding the human androgen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 May 31;153(1):241-8. [PubMed ]
11. Kuiper GG, Faber PW, van Rooij HC, van der Korput JA, Ris-Stalpers C, Klaassen P, Trapman J, Brinkmann AO: Structural organization of the human androgen receptor gene. J Mol Endocrinol. 1989 May;2(3):R1-4. [PubMed ]
12. Lubahn DB, Joseph DR, Sullivan PM, Willard HF, French FS, Wilson EM: Cloning of human androgen receptor complementary DNA and localization to the X chromosome. Science. 1988 Apr 15;240(4850):327-30. [PubMed ]
13. Ris-Stalpers C, Trifiro MA, Kuiper GG, Jenster G, Romalo G, Sai T, van Rooij HC, Kaufman M, Rosenfield RL, Liao S, et al.: Substitution of aspartic acid-686 by histidine or asparagine in the human androgen receptor leads to a functionally inactive protein with altered hormone-binding characteristics. Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Oct;5(10):1562-9. [PubMed ]
14. Sleddens HF, Oostra BA, Brinkmann AO, Trapman J: Trinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene (AR). Nucleic Acids Res. 1992 Mar 25;20(6):1427. [PubMed ]
15. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Krithivas K, Brown M, Dahl D, Brufsky A, Talcott J, Hennekens CH, Kantoff PW: The CAG repeat within the androgen receptor gene and its relationship to prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 1;94(7):3320-3. [PubMed ]
16. Waragai M, Lammers CH, Takeuchi S, Imafuku I, Udagawa Y, Kanazawa I, Kawabata M, Mouradian MM, Okazawa H: PQBP-1, a novel polyglutamine tract-binding protein, inhibits transcription activation by Brn-2 and affects cell survival. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Jun;8(6):977-87. [PubMed ]
17. Hsiao PW, Lin DL, Nakao R, Chang C: The linkage of Kennedy's neuron disease to ARA24, the first identified androgen receptor polyglutamine region-associated coactivator. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 16;274(29):20229-34. [PubMed ]
18. Oettgen P, Finger E, Sun Z, Akbarali Y, Thamrongsak U, Boltax J, Grall F, Dube A, Weiss A, Brown L, Quinn G, Kas K, Endress G, Kunsch C, Libermann TA: PDEF, a novel prostate epithelium-specific ets transcription factor, interacts with the androgen receptor and activates prostate-specific antigen gene expression. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 14;275(2):1216-25. [PubMed ]
19. Sharma M, Zarnegar M, Li X, Lim B, Sun Z: Androgen receptor interacts with a novel MYST protein, HBO1. J Biol Chem. 2000 Nov 10;275(45):35200-8. [PubMed ]
20. Wong CW, McNally C, Nickbarg E, Komm BS, Cheskis BJ: Estrogen receptor-interacting protein that modulates its nongenomic activity-crosstalk with Src/Erk phosphorylation cascade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Nov 12;99(23):14783-8. Epub 2002 Nov 1. [PubMed ]
21. Niki T, Takahashi-Niki K, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H: DJBP: a novel DJ-1-binding protein, negatively regulates the androgen receptor by recruiting histone deacetylase complex, and DJ-1 antagonizes this inhibition by abrogation of this complex. Mol Cancer Res. 2003 Feb;1(4):247-61. [PubMed ]
22. Matias PM, Donner P, Coelho R, Thomaz M, Peixoto C, Macedo S, Otto N, Joschko S, Scholz P, Wegg A, Basler S, Schafer M, Egner U, Carrondo MA: Structural evidence for ligand specificity in the binding domain of the human androgen receptor. Implications for pathogenic gene mutations. J Biol Chem. 2000 Aug 25;275(34):26164-71. [PubMed ]
23. Matias PM, Carrondo MA, Coelho R, Thomaz M, Zhao XY, Wegg A, Crusius K, Egner U, Donner P: Structural basis for the glucocorticoid response in a mutant human androgen receptor (AR(ccr)) derived from an androgen-independent prostate cancer. J Med Chem. 2002 Mar 28;45(7):1439-46. [PubMed ]
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MATATGVAEERLLAALAYLQCAVGCAVFARNRQTNSVYGRHALPSHRLRVPARAAWVVQE
LPSLALPLYQYASESAPRLRSAPNCILLAMFLVHYGHRCLIYPFLMRGGKPMPLLACTMA
IMFCTCNGYLQSRYLSHCAVYADDWVTDPRFLIGFGLWLTGMLINIHSDHILRNLRKPGD
TGYKIPRGGLFEYVTAANYFGEIMEWCGYALASWSVQGAAFAFFTFCFLSGRAKEHHEWY
LRKFEEYPKFRKIIIPFLF

• Steroid_dh (PF02544 )

• None

• None