Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-08-12 19:23:56 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:38 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0003366 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Propanal |
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Description | Propanal, also known as N-propionaldehyde or C2H5CHO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. Propanal exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Propanal is an alcohol, cocoa, and earthy tasting compound. Outside of the human body, Propanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration within wild celeries and carrots. Propanal has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as purple lavers, black salsifies, strawberry guava, grapefruit/pummelo hybrids, and alaska wild rhubarbs. It is an aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C3H6O/c1-2-3-4/h3H,2H2,1H3 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1-Propanal | ChEBI | Aldehyde propionique | ChEBI | C2H5CHO | ChEBI | Methylacetaldehyde | ChEBI | N-Propanal | ChEBI | N-Propionaldehyde | ChEBI | Propaldehyde | ChEBI | Propanaldehyde | ChEBI | Propional | ChEBI | Propionaldehyde | ChEBI | Propionic aldehyde | ChEBI | Propyl aldehyde | ChEBI | Propylaldehyde | ChEBI | Propylic aldehyde | ChEBI | 1-Propanone | HMDB | Propanalaldehyde | HMDB | Proprionaldehyde | HMDB | Propionaldehyde, 1-14C-labeled | HMDB | Propionaldehyde, 2-14C-labeled | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C3H6O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 58.0791 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 58.041864814 |
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IUPAC Name | propanal |
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Traditional Name | propionaldehyde |
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CAS Registry Number | 123-38-6 |
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SMILES | CCC=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C3H6O/c1-2-3-4/h3H,2H2,1H3 |
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InChI Key | NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydrogen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbonyl compounds |
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Direct Parent | Alpha-hydrogen aldehydes |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Alpha-hydrogen aldehyde
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Short-chain aldehyde
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Liquid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | -80 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 306 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | LogP | 0.59 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Propanal,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC=CO[Si](C)(C)C | 745.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Propanal,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC=CO[Si](C)(C)C | 685.3 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Propanal,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC=CO[Si](C)(C)C | 855.1 | Standard polar | 33892256 | Propanal,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC=CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 951.9 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Propanal,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC=CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 930.7 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Propanal,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC=CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1063.2 | Standard polar | 33892256 |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Propanal EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-057i-9000000000-8f67579ff6f9ff36070f | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Propanal EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-057i-9000000000-8f67579ff6f9ff36070f | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Propanal GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-056r-9000000000-dd28a1a5691e42b98944 | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Propanal GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-056r-9000000000-666a0ffacd21addbc612 | 2015-03-01 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-addcd7ef3249da0c3006 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-052f-9000000000-b7cab81070aff00497c6 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0a4l-9000000000-e9e60e8897ba5a8e14ee | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6M) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-057i-9000000000-52017f5345efcb7c9e18 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-971c212b11d2cbddac7d | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-9000000000-86839cd4133b824334ac | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-2bde2476aa46442e7250 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-4a423491df240f1b6594 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-bcb4e63c226b3b43a90d | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-052o-9000000000-b8b5099c348f5e885f6e | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-6e3379842f4da69e8e2b | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-6e3379842f4da69e8e2b | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-052f-9000000000-214db2e33bae0f659690 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9000000000-cd36cdb80b20021fec3b | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-052f-9000000000-ea4dc2c9ba22fa57f265 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Propanal 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-84b5273da6b73dbe78de | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2021-10-10 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | Not Available |
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Biospecimen Locations | - Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Feces
- Saliva
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 0.17 - 0.69 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Newborn (0-30 days old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Campylobacter jejuni infection | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Clostridium difficile infection | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative Colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohns disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Ulcerative colitis | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohn's disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Crohn's disease | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Ulcerative colitis |
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- Garner CE, Smith S, de Lacy Costello B, White P, Spencer R, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM: Volatile organic compounds from feces and their potential for diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease. FASEB J. 2007 Jun;21(8):1675-88. Epub 2007 Feb 21. [PubMed:17314143 ]
- De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
- Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25. [PubMed:26806034 ]
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
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- Raman M, Ahmed I, Gillevet PM, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM, Smith S, Greenwood R, Sikaroodi M, Lam V, Crotty P, Bailey J, Myers RP, Rioux KP: Fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound metabolome in obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jul;11(7):868-75.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.015. Epub 2013 Feb 27. [PubMed:23454028 ]
| Crohn's disease |
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- Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello Bde L, Ratcliffe NM, Probert CS: An investigation of fecal volatile organic metabolites in irritable bowel syndrome. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58204. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058204. Epub 2013 Mar 13. [PubMed:23516449 ]
- De Preter V, Machiels K, Joossens M, Arijs I, Matthys C, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P, Verbeke K: Faecal metabolite profiling identifies medium-chain fatty acids as discriminating compounds in IBD. Gut. 2015 Mar;64(3):447-58. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306423. Epub 2014 May 8. [PubMed:24811995 ]
- Ahmed I, Greenwood R, Costello B, Ratcliffe N, Probert CS: Investigation of faecal volatile organic metabolites as novel diagnostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar;43(5):596-611. doi: 10.1111/apt.13522. Epub 2016 Jan 25. [PubMed:26806034 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB012083 |
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KNApSAcK ID | Not Available |
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Chemspider ID | 512 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C00479 |
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BioCyc ID | CPD-665 |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Propanal |
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METLIN ID | 6906 |
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PubChem Compound | 527 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 17153 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | PPAL |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Wang, Yan-bin; Yao, Xiao-ming. Development of the process of making propanal from natural gas and light oil. Tianranqi Huagong (2003), 28(1), 8-10,14. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Download (PDF) |
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General References | - Sakura N, Nishimura S, Fujita N, Namera A, Yashiki M, Kojima T: Determination of acrolein in human urine by headspace gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1998 Nov 20;719(1-2):209-12. [PubMed:9869381 ]
- Takamoto S, Sakura N, Yashiki M, Kojima T: Determination of acrolein by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2001 Jul 5;758(1):123-8. [PubMed:11482731 ]
- Nakashima K, Hidaka Y, Yoshida T, Kuroda N, Akiyama S: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of short-chain aliphatic aldehydes using 4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulphonyl)-7-hydrazino-2,1, 3-benzoxadiazole as a fluorescence reagent. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Nov 18;661(2):205-10. [PubMed:7894659 ]
- Holley AE, Walker MK, Cheeseman KH, Slater TF: Measurement of n-alkanals and hydroxyalkenals in biological samples. Free Radic Biol Med. 1993 Sep;15(3):281-9. [PubMed:8406128 ]
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