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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2006-08-12 20:33:57 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:18 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0003424
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB03424
Metabolite Identification
Common Name1-Hexadecanol
DescriptionCetyl alcohol, also known as 1-hexadecanol and palmityl alcohol, is a solid organic compound and a member of the alcohol class of compounds. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)15OH. At room temperature, cetyl alcohol takes the form of a waxy white solid or flakes. It belongs to the group of fatty alcohols. With the demise of commercial whaling, cetyl alcohol is no longer primarily produced from whale oil, but instead either as an end-product of the petroleum industry, or produced from vegetable oils such as palm oil and coconut oil. Production of cetyl alcohol from palm oil gives rise to one of its alternative names, palmityl alcohol.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC16H34O
Average Molecular Weight242.4406
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight242.26096571
IUPAC Namehexadecan-1-ol
Traditional Namecetyl alcohol
CAS Registry Number36653-82-4
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C16H34O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17/h17H,2-16H2,1H3
InChI KeyBXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty alcohols. These are fatty alcohols that have an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty alcohols
Direct ParentLong-chain fatty alcohols
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Long chain fatty alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point49.3 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1.3e-05 mg/mL at 25 °CNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Feces
Tissue Locations
  • Fibroblasts
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Ulcerative Colitis
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothColorectal Cancer details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Ulcerative colitis
  1. Garner CE, Smith S, de Lacy Costello B, White P, Spencer R, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM: Volatile organic compounds from feces and their potential for diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease. FASEB J. 2007 Jun;21(8):1675-88. Epub 2007 Feb 21. [PubMed:17314143 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  3. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB09494
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB003051
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID2581
KEGG Compound IDC00823
BioCyc IDCPD-348
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkCetyl_Alcohol
METLIN ID6927
PubChem Compound2682
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16125
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDM02114
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceMihalovici, Ar.; Bors, G. Preparation of cetyl alcohol. Curierul Farmaceutic (1938), 8(No. 6), 1-9.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Rizzo WB, Craft DA: Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: accumulation of free fatty alcohols in cultured fibroblasts and plasma. J Lipid Res. 2000 Jul;41(7):1077-81. [PubMed:10884288 ]
  2. Hargrove JL, Greenspan P, Hartle DK: Nutritional significance and metabolism of very long chain fatty alcohols and acids from dietary waxes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2004 Mar;229(3):215-26. [PubMed:14988513 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
1-acyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain alcohol = an alkyl-glycerone 3-phosphate + a long-chain acid anion
Gene Name:
AGPS
Uniprot ID:
O00116
Molecular weight:
72911.2
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reduction of saturated fatty acyl-CoA with chain length C16 or C18 to fatty alcohols.
Gene Name:
FAR1
Uniprot ID:
Q8WVX9
Molecular weight:
59356.25
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reduction of fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohols. The preferred substrates are C16, C18, C18:1 and C18:2 but low activity can be observed with C10-C14 substrates.
Gene Name:
FAR2
Uniprot ID:
Q96K12
Molecular weight:
59437.92
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Specific function:
Acyltransferase that predominantly esterify long chain (wax) alcohols with acyl-CoA-derived fatty acids to produce wax esters. Wax esters are enriched in sebum, suggesting that it plays a central role in lipid metabolism in skin. Has a preference for arachidyl alcohol as well as decyl alcohol, demonstrating its relatively poor activity using saturated long chain alcohols (C16, C18, and C20).
Gene Name:
AWAT1
Uniprot ID:
Q58HT5
Molecular weight:
37758.815
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Specific function:
Acyltransferase that predominantly esterify long chain (wax) alcohols with acyl-CoA-derived fatty acids to produce wax esters. Wax esters are enriched in sebum, suggesting that it plays a central role in lipid metabolism in skin. Has no activity using decyl alcohol and significantly prefers the C16 and C18 alcohols. May also have 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase (MGAT) and acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) activities, to catalyze the synthesis of diacylglycerols and retinyl esters; however this activity is unclear in vivo.
Gene Name:
AWAT2
Uniprot ID:
Q6E213
Molecular weight:
38093.25