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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2009-04-06 16:20:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:22 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0012188
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB12188
Metabolite Identification
Common Nameall-trans-Hexaprenyl diphosphate
Descriptionall-trans-Hexaprenyl diphosphate is the final product of the hexaprenyl diphosphate biosynthesis pathway. In this pathway, multiple units of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) undergo a series of polymerizations to form various polyisoprenoids. There are two different pathways for the biosynthesis of IPP. Bacteria that possess ubiquinone generally use the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (MEP), while the eukaryotic microorganisms use the mevalonate pathway. However, exceptions exist. For example, some eukaryotic microbes, like the green algae and the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum, appear to utilize the MEP pathway, and some bacteria utilize the mevalonate pathway (Eisenreich01, Eisenreich04). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C, the initial addition of two isoprenyl units to form (E, E)-farnesyl diphosphate is catalyzed by geranyltransferase / dimethylallyltransferase, encoded by FPP1. An additional unit is added by farnesyltranstransferase (encoded by BTS1), resulting in the formation of all-trans-geranyl-geranyl diphosphate. The last enzyme in this pathway is hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase (encoded by COQ1), which adds additional isoprenoid units to a maximal length unique to the organism. In the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C, it is 6 units. Polyprenyl diphosphate synthase enzymes, such as hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase, are responsible for determining the final length of the tail. When yeast COQ1 mutants are complemented with homologs from other organisms, ubiquinone biosynthesis is restored, but the tail length of the quinone depends on the source of the enzyme.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphateChEBI
(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphoric acidGenerator
all-trans-Hexaprenyl diphosphoric acidGenerator
(E)-Hexaprenyl diphosphateHMDB
Chemical FormulaC30H52O7P2
Average Molecular Weight586.6772
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight586.318827042
IUPAC Name[({[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]phosphonic acid
Traditional Name{[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl]oxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxyphosphonic acid
CAS Registry Number207513-95-9
SMILES
CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C30H52O7P2/c1-25(2)13-8-14-26(3)15-9-16-27(4)17-10-18-28(5)19-11-20-29(6)21-12-22-30(7)23-24-36-39(34,35)37-38(31,32)33/h13,15,17,19,21,23H,8-12,14,16,18,20,22,24H2,1-7H3,(H,34,35)(H2,31,32,33)/b26-15+,27-17+,28-19+,29-21+,30-23+
InChI KeyNGFSMHKFTZROKJ-MMSZMYIBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bactoprenol diphosphates. These are polyprenyl compounds consisting of a diphosphate group substituted by a bactoprenyl moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassPolyprenols
Direct ParentBactoprenol diphosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Bactoprenol diphosphate
  • Polyprenyl diphosphate
  • Polyprenyl monophosphate
  • Sesterterpenoid
  • Organic pyrophosphate
  • Isoprenoid phosphate
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB028840
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4444089
KEGG Compound IDC01230
BioCyc IDALL-TRANS-HEXAPRENYL-DIPHOSPHATE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5280413
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17528
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  2. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  3. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  4. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  5. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in prenyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl group. Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, which is the condensation of the polyisoprenoid side chain with PHB.
Gene Name:
COQ2
Uniprot ID:
Q96H96
Molecular weight:
45593.67
Reactions
all-trans-Hexaprenyl diphosphate + 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid → 3-Hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid + Pyrophosphatedetails