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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:46 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014861
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14861
Metabolite Identification
Common NameMethoxamine
DescriptionMethoxamine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an alpha-adrenergic agonist that causes prolonged peripheral vasoconstriction. It has little if any direct effect on the central nervous system. [PubChem]Methoxamine acts through peripheral vasoconstriction by acting as a pure alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist, consequently increasing systemic blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic).
Structure
Data?1582753229
Synonyms
ValueSource
MethoxamedrineChEBI
MethoxaminChEBI
VasoxylHMDB
Glaxo wellcome brand 2 OF methoxamine hydrochlorideHMDB
Methoxamine hydrochlorideHMDB
VasyloxHMDB
Glaxo wellcome brand 1 OF methoxamine hydrochlorideHMDB
VasoxinHMDB
VasoxineHMDB
Wellcome brand OF methoxamine hydrochlorideHMDB
Hydrochloride, methoxamineHMDB
MethoxamedrinHMDB
Metoxamine wellcomeHMDB
Wellcome, metoxamineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC11H17NO3
Average Molecular Weight211.2576
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight211.120843415
IUPAC Name2-amino-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol
Traditional Namemethoxamine
CAS Registry Number390-28-3
SMILES
COC1=CC(C(O)C(C)N)=C(OC)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C11H17NO3/c1-7(12)11(13)9-6-8(14-2)4-5-10(9)15-3/h4-7,11,13H,12H2,1-3H3
InChI KeyWJAJPNHVVFWKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dimethoxybenzenes. These are organic aromatic compounds containing a monocyclic benzene moiety carrying exactly two methoxy groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassMethoxybenzenes
Direct ParentDimethoxybenzenes
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Dimethoxybenzene
  • P-dimethoxybenzene
  • Phenylpropane
  • Anisole
  • Phenol ether
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Aralkylamine
  • Secondary alcohol
  • 1,2-aminoalcohol
  • Ether
  • Aromatic alcohol
  • Primary amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility9.21 g/LNot Available
LogP0.8Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility9.21 g/LALOGPS
logP0.41ALOGPS
logP0.57ChemAxon
logS-1.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)13.61ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.28ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area64.71 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity57.84 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability22.81 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+149.01631661259
DarkChem[M-H]-149.94631661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+150.38630932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-148.02830932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-181.66630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+156.53930932474
AllCCS[M+H]+149.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+145.832859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+153.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+154.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-149.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-150.232859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-151.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
MethoxamineCOC1=CC(C(O)C(C)N)=C(OC)C=C12677.8Standard polar33892256
MethoxamineCOC1=CC(C(O)C(C)N)=C(OC)C=C11713.2Standard non polar33892256
MethoxamineCOC1=CC(C(O)C(C)N)=C(OC)C=C11745.2Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Methoxamine,1TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N)=C11765.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,1TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C)=C11833.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C)=C11801.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C)=C11886.5Standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C)=C12248.5Standard polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C11989.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12035.7Standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12480.6Standard polar33892256
Methoxamine,3TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12005.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,3TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12031.2Standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,3TMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)=C12257.6Standard polar33892256
Methoxamine,1TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N)=C12024.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,1TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12115.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12296.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12331.1Standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12506.0Standard polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12476.2Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12453.6Standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,2TBDMS,isomer #2COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12635.0Standard polar33892256
Methoxamine,3TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12687.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,3TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12636.3Standard non polar33892256
Methoxamine,3TBDMS,isomer #1COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=C12572.9Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-0900000000-c18e80e68507135a55de2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-000f-1980000000-5a3cb42851d6378d998c2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-0900000000-c18e80e68507135a55de2018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-000f-1980000000-5a3cb42851d6378d998c2018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-9400000000-f95f18aaa517d345558f2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-000f-9170000000-5a7687b88a5e5736ea532017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Methoxamine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-03dl-0690000000-5602a5d1ca570bcf9aa62017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-1b92cefe5d27ce45aad12017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-03dj-0900000000-bd56a39cbf83b4b155792017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-03kj-1900000000-4dc22029f0246da362e52017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine LC-ESI-QQ , positive-QTOFsplash10-01bd-4900000000-5bd9da97330739f951612017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine LC-ESI-IT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-89ab0b5f7f3887939aea2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0ai0-9800000000-28efb5b4aad0fd8abd822021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-9500000000-6c71c8b0a10f1af4a6f32021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0k97-5900000000-725173a2cbd2a15f81052021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03fu-0900000000-0dc780e113d2bc5b10242021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-00f066e5e69f13588eec2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-05tf-6900000000-59dd8ab3029dd0ce36902021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-188e3234b8e8063962d82021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0596-6900000000-3a39f10dd453930e59772021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dl-0900000000-9731c275bf5d63e8a01c2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01ox-0940000000-d9e757b7d1068e357dec2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004l-0900000000-125668ca28b2b041fda52016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-06vi-2900000000-6a7f29f71b196055ca172016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-0690000000-1aa8bde9e66ac00106322016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-01p6-0920000000-56987f7fa245e6bbb4752016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-06ri-2900000000-03625bf389b14ac478192016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-002f-0920000000-70e7df44e0d24606d1a32021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ufu-0900000000-fb436c23667d8faf38ca2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000l-7900000000-ee5181b465c5fed70f2e2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Methoxamine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-1290000000-8c5dbabc0c59be169f692021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-16Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00723 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00723 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00723
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID5857
KEGG Compound IDC07513
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkMethoxamine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound6082
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID6839
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins
Gene Name:
ADRA1A
Uniprot ID:
P35348
Molecular weight:
51486.0
References
  1. Satoh M, Kojima C, Kokubu N, Takayanagi I: Alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating the regulation and modulation of Ca2+ sensitization in rabbit thoracic aorta. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Nov 24;265(3):133-9. [PubMed:7875228 ]
  2. Suzuki E, Tsujimoto G, Tamura K, Hashimoto K: Two pharmacologically distinct alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes in the contraction of rabbit aorta: each subtype couples with a different Ca2+ signalling mechanism and plays a different physiological role. Mol Pharmacol. 1990 Nov;38(5):725-36. [PubMed:1978244 ]
  3. Piascik MT, Sparks MS, Pruitt TA, Soltis EE: Evidence for a complex interaction between the subtypes of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor. Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Jul 9;199(3):279-89. [PubMed:1680715 ]
  4. Sattar MA, Johns EJ: Evidence for an alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtype mediating adrenergic vasoconstriction in Wistar normotensive and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994 Feb;23(2):232-9. [PubMed:7511752 ]
  5. Hoang TV, Choe EU, Burgess RS, Cork RC, Flint LM, Ferrara JJ: Characterization of alpha-adrenoceptor activity in the preterm piglet mesentery. J Pediatr Surg. 1996 Dec;31(12):1659-62. [PubMed:8986981 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system
Gene Name:
ADRA1B
Uniprot ID:
P35368
Molecular weight:
56835.4
References
  1. Tsujimoto G, Tsujimoto A, Suzuki E, Hashimoto K: Glycogen phosphorylase activation by two different alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes: methoxamine selectively stimulates a putative alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype (alpha 1a) that couples with Ca2+ influx. Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jul;36(1):166-76. [PubMed:2546049 ]
  2. Simpson P: Stimulation of hypertrophy of cultured neonatal rat heart cells through an alpha 1-adrenergic receptor and induction of beating through an alpha 1- and beta 1-adrenergic receptor interaction. Evidence for independent regulation of growth and beating. Circ Res. 1985 Jun;56(6):884-94. [PubMed:2988814 ]
  3. Oleksa LM, Hool LC, Harvey RD: Alpha 1-adrenergic inhibition of the beta-adrenergically activated Cl- current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Circ Res. 1996 Jun;78(6):1090-9. [PubMed:8635240 ]
  4. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  5. Waugh DJ, Gaivin RJ, Zuscik MJ, Gonzalez-Cabrera P, Ross SA, Yun J, Perez DM: Phe-308 and Phe-312 in transmembrane domain 7 are major sites of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist binding. Imidazoline agonists bind like antagonists. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 6;276(27):25366-71. Epub 2001 Apr 30. [PubMed:11331292 ]