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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:49 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015010
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15010
Metabolite Identification
Common NameConivaptan
DescriptionConivaptan is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a non-peptide inhibitor of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin). It was approved in 2004 for hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Conivaptan inhibits both isotypes of the vasopressin receptor (V1a and V2).Conivaptan is a dual AVP antagonist with nanomolar affinity for human arginine vasopressin V1A and V2 receptors in vitro. This antagonism occurs in the renal collecting ducts, resulting in aquaresis, or excretion of free water.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
4'-((4,5-Dihydro-2-methylimidazo(4,5-D)(1)benzazepin-6(1H)-yl)carbonyl)-2-biphenylcarboxanilideChEBI
YM 087HMDB
YM-087HMDB
Conivaptan hydrochlorideHMDB
VaprisolHMDB
(1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-carboxamide, N-(4-((4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazo(4,5-D)(1)benzazepin-6(1H)-yl)carbonyl)phenyl)-, monohydrochlorideHMDB
4''-((4,5-Dihydro-2-methylimidazo(4,5-D)(1)benzazepin-6(1H)-yl)carbonyl)-2-biphenylcarboxanilideHMDB
Chemical FormulaC32H26N4O2
Average Molecular Weight498.5744
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight498.205576096
IUPAC NameN-(4-{4-methyl-3,5,9-triazatricyclo[8.4.0.0²,⁶]tetradeca-1(14),2(6),3,10,12-pentaene-9-carbonyl}phenyl)-2-phenylbenzamide
Traditional Namevaprisol
CAS Registry Number210101-16-9
SMILES
CC1=NC2=C(CCN(C(=O)C3=CC=C(NC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4C4=CC=CC=C4)C=C3)C3=CC=CC=C23)N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C32H26N4O2/c1-21-33-28-19-20-36(29-14-8-7-13-27(29)30(28)34-21)32(38)23-15-17-24(18-16-23)35-31(37)26-12-6-5-11-25(26)22-9-3-2-4-10-22/h2-18H,19-20H2,1H3,(H,33,34)(H,35,37)
InChI KeyIKENVDNFQMCRTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzanilides. These are aromatic compounds containing an anilide group in which the carboxamide group is substituted with a benzene ring. They have the general structure RNC(=O)R', where R,R'= benzene.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassAnilides
Direct ParentBenzanilides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzanilide
  • Biphenyl
  • Benzazepine
  • Benzamide
  • Benzoic acid or derivatives
  • Benzoyl
  • Azepine
  • Azole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Imidazole
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.0018 g/LNot Available
LogP6.3Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00872 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00872 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00872
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID133239
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkConivaptan
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound151171
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID681850
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Ali F, Raufi MA, Washington B, Ghali JK: Conivaptan: a dual vasopressin receptor v1a/v2 antagonist [corrected]. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2007 Fall;25(3):261-79. [PubMed:17919259 ]
  2. Mao ZL, Stalker D, Keirns J: Pharmacokinetics of conivaptan hydrochloride, a vasopressin V(1A)/V(2)-receptor antagonist, in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia and with or without congestive heart failure from a prospective, 4-day open-label study. Clin Ther. 2009 Jul;31(7):1542-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.07.011. [PubMed:19695403 ]
  3. Ghali JK, Farah JO, Daifallah S, Zabalawi HA, Zmily HD: Conivaptan and its role in the treatment of hyponatremia. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2009 Dec 29;3:253-68. [PubMed:20054444 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Ali F, Raufi MA, Washington B, Ghali JK: Conivaptan: a dual vasopressin receptor v1a/v2 antagonist [corrected]. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2007 Fall;25(3):261-79. [PubMed:17919259 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
Receptor for arginine vasopressin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidyl- inositol-calcium second messenger system. Has been involved in social behaviors, including affiliation and attachment
Gene Name:
AVPR1A
Uniprot ID:
P37288
Molecular weight:
46799.1
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  2. Ali F, Raufi MA, Washington B, Ghali JK: Conivaptan: a dual vasopressin receptor v1a/v2 antagonist [corrected]. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2007 Fall;25(3):261-79. [PubMed:17919259 ]
  3. Wada K, Matsukawa U, Fujimori A, Arai Y, Sudoh K, Sasamata M, Miyata K: A novel vasopressin dual V1A/V2 receptor antagonist, conivaptan hydrochloride, improves hyponatremia in rats with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 Jan;30(1):91-5. [PubMed:17202666 ]
  4. Walter KA: Conivaptan: new treatment for hyponatremia. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007 Jul 1;64(13):1385-95. [PubMed:17592003 ]
  5. Mao ZL, Stalker D, Keirns J: Pharmacokinetics of conivaptan hydrochloride, a vasopressin V(1A)/V(2)-receptor antagonist, in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia and with or without congestive heart failure from a prospective, 4-day open-label study. Clin Ther. 2009 Jul;31(7):1542-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.07.011. [PubMed:19695403 ]
  6. Ghali JK, Koren MJ, Taylor JR, Brooks-Asplund E, Fan K, Long WA, Smith N: Efficacy and safety of oral conivaptan: a V1A/V2 vasopressin receptor antagonist, assessed in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Jun;91(6):2145-52. Epub 2006 Mar 7. [PubMed:16522696 ]
  7. Annane D, Decaux G, Smith N: Efficacy and safety of oral conivaptan, a vasopressin-receptor antagonist, evaluated in a randomized, controlled trial in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. Am J Med Sci. 2009 Jan;337(1):28-36. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31817b8148. [PubMed:19057376 ]
  8. Ghali JK, Farah JO, Daifallah S, Zabalawi HA, Zmily HD: Conivaptan and its role in the treatment of hyponatremia. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2009 Dec 29;3:253-68. [PubMed:20054444 ]
  9. Ali F, Guglin M, Vaitkevicius P, Ghali JK: Therapeutic potential of vasopressin receptor antagonists. Drugs. 2007;67(6):847-58. [PubMed:17428103 ]
  10. Hoque MZ, Arumugham P, Huda N, Verma N, Afiniwala M, Karia DH: Conivaptan: promise of treatment in heart failure. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009 Sep;10(13):2161-9. doi: 10.1517/14656560903173237. [PubMed:19663609 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
Receptor for arginine vasopressin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase
Gene Name:
AVPR2
Uniprot ID:
P30518
Molecular weight:
40278.6
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  2. Wada K, Fujimori A, Matsukawa U, Arai Y, Sudoh K, Yatsu T, Sasamata M, Miyata K: Intravenous administration of conivaptan hydrochloride improves cardiac hemodynamics in rats with myocardial infarction-induced congestive heart failure. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 10;507(1-3):145-51. Epub 2005 Jan 1. [PubMed:15659304 ]
  3. Palm C, Pistrosch F, Herbrig K, Gross P: Vasopressin antagonists as aquaretic agents for the treatment of hyponatremia. Am J Med. 2006 Jul;119(7 Suppl 1):S87-92. [PubMed:16843091 ]
  4. Ali F, Raufi MA, Washington B, Ghali JK: Conivaptan: a dual vasopressin receptor v1a/v2 antagonist [corrected]. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2007 Fall;25(3):261-79. [PubMed:17919259 ]
  5. Wada K, Matsukawa U, Fujimori A, Arai Y, Sudoh K, Sasamata M, Miyata K: A novel vasopressin dual V1A/V2 receptor antagonist, conivaptan hydrochloride, improves hyponatremia in rats with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 Jan;30(1):91-5. [PubMed:17202666 ]
  6. Walter KA: Conivaptan: new treatment for hyponatremia. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007 Jul 1;64(13):1385-95. [PubMed:17592003 ]
  7. Mao ZL, Stalker D, Keirns J: Pharmacokinetics of conivaptan hydrochloride, a vasopressin V(1A)/V(2)-receptor antagonist, in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia and with or without congestive heart failure from a prospective, 4-day open-label study. Clin Ther. 2009 Jul;31(7):1542-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.07.011. [PubMed:19695403 ]
  8. Ghali JK, Koren MJ, Taylor JR, Brooks-Asplund E, Fan K, Long WA, Smith N: Efficacy and safety of oral conivaptan: a V1A/V2 vasopressin receptor antagonist, assessed in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Jun;91(6):2145-52. Epub 2006 Mar 7. [PubMed:16522696 ]
  9. Annane D, Decaux G, Smith N: Efficacy and safety of oral conivaptan, a vasopressin-receptor antagonist, evaluated in a randomized, controlled trial in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. Am J Med Sci. 2009 Jan;337(1):28-36. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31817b8148. [PubMed:19057376 ]
  10. Ghali JK, Farah JO, Daifallah S, Zabalawi HA, Zmily HD: Conivaptan and its role in the treatment of hyponatremia. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2009 Dec 29;3:253-68. [PubMed:20054444 ]
  11. Ali F, Guglin M, Vaitkevicius P, Ghali JK: Therapeutic potential of vasopressin receptor antagonists. Drugs. 2007;67(6):847-58. [PubMed:17428103 ]
  12. Hoque MZ, Arumugham P, Huda N, Verma N, Afiniwala M, Karia DH: Conivaptan: promise of treatment in heart failure. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009 Sep;10(13):2161-9. doi: 10.1517/14656560903173237. [PubMed:19663609 ]