Showing metabocard for Sirolimus (HMDB0015015)
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Version | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Expected but not Quantified | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Update Date | 2021-09-14 15:19:00 UTC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HMDB ID | HMDB0015015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary Accession Numbers |
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Metabolite Identification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Name | Sirolimus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Sirolimus, also known as rapamune or rapamycin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acids. These are organic Compounds containing a benzene ring which bears at least one carboxyl group. Sirolimus is a drug which is used for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving renal transplants. Sirolimus is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Structure | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms |
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Chemical Formula | C51H79NO13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average Molecular Weight | 914.187 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 913.555141608 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IUPAC Name | (1R,9S,12S,15R,16E,18R,19R,21R,23S,24E,26E,28E,30S,32S,35R)-1,18-dihydroxy-12-[(2R)-1-[(1S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl]propan-2-yl]-19,30-dimethoxy-15,17,21,23,29,35-hexamethyl-11,36-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[30.3.1.0^{4,9}]hexatriaconta-16,24,26,28-tetraene-2,3,10,14,20-pentone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Traditional Name | (1R,9S,12S,15R,16E,18R,19R,21R,23S,24E,26E,28E,30S,32S,35R)-1,18-dihydroxy-12-[(2R)-1-[(1S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl]propan-2-yl]-19,30-dimethoxy-15,17,21,23,29,35-hexamethyl-11,36-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[30.3.1.0^{4,9}]hexatriaconta-16,24,26,28-tetraene-2,3,10,14,20-pentone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAS Registry Number | 53123-88-9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SMILES | [H][C@@]12CC[C@@H](C)[C@@](O)(O1)C(=O)C(=O)N1CCCC[C@@]1([H])C(=O)O[C@@]([H])(CC(=O)[C@H](C)\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@H](C)\C=C\C=C\C=C(C)\[C@H](C2)OC)[C@H](C)C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C1)OC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C51H79NO13/c1-30-16-12-11-13-17-31(2)42(61-8)28-38-21-19-36(7)51(60,65-38)48(57)49(58)52-23-15-14-18-39(52)50(59)64-43(33(4)26-37-20-22-40(53)44(27-37)62-9)29-41(54)32(3)25-35(6)46(56)47(63-10)45(55)34(5)24-30/h11-13,16-17,25,30,32-34,36-40,42-44,46-47,53,56,60H,14-15,18-24,26-29H2,1-10H3/b13-11+,16-12+,31-17+,35-25+/t30-,32-,33-,34-,36-,37+,38+,39+,40-,42+,43+,44-,46-,47+,51-/m1/s1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
InChI Key | QFJCIRLUMZQUOT-HPLJOQBZSA-N | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemical Taxonomy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acids. These are organic Compounds containing a benzene ring which bears at least one carboxyl group. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kingdom | Organic compounds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Super Class | Benzenoids | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sub Class | Benzoic acids and derivatives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct Parent | Benzoic acids | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alternative Parents |
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Substituents |
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External Descriptors |
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Ontology | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Physiological effect | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposition | Biological location
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Process | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Role | Industrial application
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Physical Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
State | Solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental Molecular Properties |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Predicted Molecular Properties |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross Sections
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spectra | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MS/MS Spectra
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Biological Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cellular Locations |
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Biospecimen Locations |
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Tissue Locations |
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Pathways |
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Normal Concentrations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Abnormal Concentrations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Not Available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Predicted Concentrations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Associated Disorders and Diseases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disease References | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Associated OMIM IDs | None | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External Links | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DrugBank ID | DB00877 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FooDB ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KNApSAcK ID | C00018055 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemspider ID | 10482078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
KEGG Compound ID | C07909 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BioCyc ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BiGG ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wikipedia Link | Rapamycin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
METLIN ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PubChem Compound | 5284616 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PDB ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ChEBI ID | 9168 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
VMH ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MarkerDB ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Good Scents ID | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synthesis Reference | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General References |
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Enzymes
- General function:
- Involved in monooxygenase activity
- Specific function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID:
- P08684
- Molecular weight:
- 57255.585
References
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
- Ekins S, Bravi G, Wikel JH, Wrighton SA: Three-dimensional-quantitative structure activity relationship analysis of cytochrome P-450 3A4 substrates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Oct;291(1):424-33. [PubMed:10490933 ]
- General function:
- Involved in monooxygenase activity
- Specific function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID:
- P20815
- Molecular weight:
- 57108.065
- General function:
- Involved in monooxygenase activity
- Specific function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A7
- Uniprot ID:
- P24462
- Molecular weight:
- 57525.03
- General function:
- Involved in growth factor activity
- Specific function:
- The heparin-binding growth factors are angiogenic agents in vivo and are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types in vitro. There are differences in the tissue distribution and concentration of these 2 growth factors
- Gene Name:
- FGF2
- Uniprot ID:
- P09038
- Molecular weight:
- 30769.7
References
- Sehgal SN: Sirolimus: its discovery, biological properties, and mechanism of action. Transplant Proc. 2003 May;35(3 Suppl):7S-14S. [PubMed:12742462 ]
- General function:
- Involved in binding
- Specific function:
- Kinase subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulate cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino-acids. Amino-acid-signaling to mTORC1 is mediated by Rag GTPases, which cause amino-acid-induced relocalization of mTOR within the endomembrane system. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1 at 'Thr-421', which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. mTORC2 is also activated by growth factors, but seems to be nutrient- insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'
- Gene Name:
- MTOR
- Uniprot ID:
- P42345
- Molecular weight:
- 288889.0
References
- Dowling RJ, Topisirovic I, Fonseca BD, Sonenberg N: Dissecting the role of mTOR: lessons from mTOR inhibitors. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Mar;1804(3):433-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.12.001. Epub 2009 Dec 11. [PubMed:20005306 ]
- Shuuin T, Karashima H: [Mammalian target of rapamycin, its mode of action and clinical response in metastatic clear cell carcinoma]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2009 Jul;36(7):1076-9. [PubMed:19620795 ]
- Sehgal SN: Sirolimus: its discovery, biological properties, and mechanism of action. Transplant Proc. 2003 May;35(3 Suppl):7S-14S. [PubMed:12742462 ]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- General function:
- Involved in protein folding
- Specific function:
- May play a role in modulation of ryanodine receptor isoform-1 (RYR-1), a component of the calcium release channel of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. There are four molecules of FKBP12 per skeletal muscle RYR. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides
- Gene Name:
- FKBP1A
- Uniprot ID:
- P62942
- Molecular weight:
- 11950.7
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Sehgal SN: Sirolimus: its discovery, biological properties, and mechanism of action. Transplant Proc. 2003 May;35(3 Suppl):7S-14S. [PubMed:12742462 ]
Transporters
- General function:
- Involved in transporter activity
- Specific function:
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene C3, leukotriene E4, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. May play an important role in the clearance of bile acids and organic anions from the liver
- Gene Name:
- SLCO1B1
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9Y6L6
- Molecular weight:
- 76448.0
References
- Fehrenbach T, Cui Y, Faulstich H, Keppler D: Characterization of the transport of the bicyclic peptide phalloidin by human hepatic transport proteins. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;368(5):415-20. Epub 2003 Oct 3. [PubMed:14530907 ]
- General function:
- Involved in ATP binding
- Specific function:
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
- Gene Name:
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID:
- P08183
- Molecular weight:
- 141477.3
References
- Schuetz EG, Beck WT, Schuetz JD: Modulators and substrates of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P4503A coordinately up-regulate these proteins in human colon carcinoma cells. Mol Pharmacol. 1996 Feb;49(2):311-8. [PubMed:8632764 ]
- Wacher VJ, Silverman JA, Wong S, Tran-Tau P, Chan AO, Chai A, Yu XQ, O'Mahony D, Ramtoola Z: Sirolimus oral absorption in rats is increased by ketoconazole but is not affected by D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Oct;303(1):308-13. [PubMed:12235265 ]
- Arceci RJ, Stieglitz K, Bierer BE: Immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin function as reversal agents of the multidrug resistance phenotype. Blood. 1992 Sep 15;80(6):1528-36. [PubMed:1381629 ]
- Nagy H, Goda K, Fenyvesi F, Bacso Z, Szilasi M, Kappelmayer J, Lustyik G, Cianfriglia M, Szabo G Jr: Distinct groups of multidrug resistance modulating agents are distinguished by competition of P-glycoprotein-specific antibodies. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Mar 19;315(4):942-9. [PubMed:14985103 ]