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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:18:28 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015319
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15319
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCiclopirox
DescriptionCiclopirox is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic use. [Wikipedia ] Unlike antifungals such as itraconazole and terbinafine, which affect sterol synthesis, ciclopirox is thought to act through the chelation of polyvalent metal cations, such as Fe3+ and Al3+. These cations inhibit many enzymes, including cytochromes, thus disrupting cellular activities such as mitochondrial electron transport processes and energy production. Ciclopirox also appears to modify the plasma membrane of fungi, resulting in the disorganization of internal structures. The anti-inflammatory action of ciclopirox is most likely due to inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase. Ciclopirox may exert its effect by disrupting DNA repair, cell division signals and structures (mitotic spindles) as well as some elements of intracellular transport.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC12H17NO2
Average Molecular Weight207.2689
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight207.125928793
IUPAC Name6-cyclohexyl-1-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one
Traditional Namepenlac
CAS Registry Number29342-05-0
SMILES
CC1=CC(=O)N(O)C(=C1)C1CCCCC1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C12H17NO2/c1-9-7-11(13(15)12(14)8-9)10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h7-8,10,15H,2-6H2,1H3
InChI KeySCKYRAXSEDYPSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyridinones. Pyridinones are compounds containing a pyridine ring, which bears a ketone.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPyridines and derivatives
Sub ClassHydropyridines
Direct ParentPyridinones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Methylpyridine
  • Pyridinone
  • Dihydropyridine
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Lactam
  • Azacycle
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point144 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1.41 g/LNot Available
LogP2.3Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01188 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01188 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB01188
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID2647
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkCiclopirox
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound2749
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID453011
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Niewerth M, Kunze D, Seibold M, Schaller M, Korting HC, Hube B: Ciclopirox olamine treatment affects the expression pattern of Candida albicans genes encoding virulence factors, iron metabolism proteins, and drug resistance factors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jun;47(6):1805-17. [PubMed:12760852 ]
  2. Sigle HC, Thewes S, Niewerth M, Korting HC, Schafer-Korting M, Hube B: Oxygen accessibility and iron levels are critical factors for the antifungal action of ciclopirox against Candida albicans. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 May;55(5):663-73. Epub 2005 Mar 24. [PubMed:15790671 ]
  3. Qadripur SA: [Antimycotic therapy. 2. Antimycotic chemotherapeutic agents: imidazole derivatives, tolciclate, haloprogin, ciclopiroxolamin]. Fortschr Med. 1983 Mar 10;101(9):355-63. [PubMed:6303928 ]
  4. Beikert FC, Le MT, Koeninger A, Technau K, Clad A: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis: focus on the vulva. Mycoses. 2011 Nov;54(6):e807-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02030.x. Epub 2011 May 25. [PubMed:21615545 ]