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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:56 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015321
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15321
Metabolite Identification
Common NameClindamycin
DescriptionClindamycin, also known as cleocin or 7-CDL, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. Clindamycin is a drug. Clindamycin is a semisynthetic lincosamide antibiotic that has largely replaced lincomycin due to an improved side effect profile. Clindamycin is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). In humans, clindamycin is involved in clindamycin action pathway. Orally and parenterally administered clindamycin has been associated with severe colitis (pseudomembranous colitis) which may result in patient death. Use of the topical formulation of clindamycin results in absorption of the antibiotic from the skin surface. Clindamycin is a potentially toxic compound. Rapidly absorbed after oral administration with peak serum concentrations observed after about 45 minutes. Oral; topical; parenteral (intramuscular, intravenous). Systemic/vaginal clindamycin inhibits protein synthesis of bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits of the bacteria.
Structure
Data?1582753283
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC18H33ClN2O5S
Average Molecular Weight424.983
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight424.179870573
IUPAC Name(2S,4R)-N-{2-chloro-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methylsulfanyl)oxan-2-yl]propyl}-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
Traditional Nameclindamycin
CAS Registry Number18323-44-9
SMILES
CCC[C@@H]1C[C@H](N(C)C1)C(=O)NC(C(C)Cl)[C@H]1O[C@H](SC)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C18H33ClN2O5S/c1-5-6-10-7-11(21(3)8-10)17(25)20-12(9(2)19)16-14(23)13(22)15(24)18(26-16)27-4/h9-16,18,22-24H,5-8H2,1-4H3,(H,20,25)/t9?,10-,11+,12?,13+,14-,15-,16-,18-/m1/s1
InChI KeyKDLRVYVGXIQJDK-NOWPCOIGSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentProline and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Proline or derivatives
  • Alpha-amino acid amide
  • Glycosyl compound
  • S-glycosyl compound
  • Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide
  • Monosaccharide
  • Oxane
  • N-alkylpyrrolidine
  • Monothioacetal
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Carboxamide group
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • Tertiary amine
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Sulfenyl compound
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Polyol
  • Oxacycle
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organosulfur compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Alkyl chloride
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Alkyl halide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point142 °C (hydrochloride salt)Not Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility3.1 g/LNot Available
LogP1.6Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01190 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01190 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB01190
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID27005
KEGG Compound IDC06914
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkClindamycin
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound29029
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID3745
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Lamont RF: Can antibiotics prevent preterm birth--the pro and con debate. BJOG. 2005 Mar;112 Suppl 1:67-73. [PubMed:15715599 ]
  2. Plaisance KI, Drusano GL, Forrest A, Townsend RJ, Standiford HC: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of two dosage regimens of clindamycin phosphate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 May;33(5):618-20. [PubMed:2751277 ]
  3. Klempner MS, Styrt B: Clindamycin uptake by human neutrophils. J Infect Dis. 1981 Nov;144(5):472-9. [PubMed:6171600 ]
  4. Daum RS: Clinical practice. Skin and soft-tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 26;357(4):380-90. [PubMed:17652653 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]