Record Information |
---|
Version | 5.0 |
---|
Status | Expected but not Quantified |
---|
Creation Date | 2012-09-11 17:32:58 UTC |
---|
Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:19:19 UTC |
---|
HMDB ID | HMDB0029838 |
---|
Secondary Accession Numbers | |
---|
Metabolite Identification |
---|
Common Name | Harmalol |
---|
Description | Harmalol is found in fruits. Harmalol is an alkaloid from Passiflora incarnata (maypops). Harmaline is a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA). Harmine is a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA). It is important to note that unlike synthetic pharmaceutical MAOIs such as phenelzine, harmine is reversible and selective meaning it does not have nearly as high a risk for the "cheese syndrome" caused by consuming tyramine-containing foods, which is a risk associated with monoamine oxidase A inhibitors, but not monoamine oxidase B inhibitors. Several alkaloids that function as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are found in the seeds of Peganum harmala (also known as Harmal or Syrian Rue), including harmine, harmaline, and harmalol, which are members of a group of substances with a similar chemical structure collectively known as harmala alkaloids. These alkaloids are of interest for their use in Amazonian shamanism, where they are derived from other plants. The harmala alkaloid harmine which was once known as Telepathine and Banisterine is a naturally occurring beta-carboline alkaloid that is structurally related to harmaline, and also found in the vine Banisteriopsis caapi. Tetrahydroharmine is also found in B. caapi, but not P. harmala. Dr. Alexander Shulgin has suggesed that harmaline may be a breakdown product of harmine. Harmine and harmaline are reversible MAOIs of the MAO-A isoform of the enzyme, and can stimulate the central nervous system by inhibiting the metabolism of monoamine compounds such as serotonin and norepinephrine. The harmala alkaloids occur in Peganum harmala in concentrations of roughly 3%, though tests have documented anywhere from 2-7%, as natural sources tend to vary widely in chemical makeup. Harmala alkaloids are also found in the Banisteriopsis caapi vine, the key plant ingredient in the sacramental beverage Ayahuasca, in concentrations that range between 0.31-8.43% for harmine, 0.03-0.83% for harmaline and 0.05-2.94% for tetrahydroharmine. Other psychoactive plants are often added to Ayahuasca to achieve visionary states of consciousness; for example leaves from Psychotria viridis, which is a source of dimethyltryptamine (DMT). The harmala alkaloids serve to potentiate these brewed compounds by preventing their breakdown in the digestive tract. The harmala alkaloids are not especially psychoactive on their own, even at high dosages, when vomiting and diarrhea become the main effect |
---|
Structure | CC1=NCCC2=C1NC1=C2C=CC(O)=C1 InChI=1S/C12H12N2O/c1-7-12-10(4-5-13-7)9-3-2-8(15)6-11(9)14-12/h2-3,6,14-15H,4-5H2,1H3 |
---|
Synonyms | Value | Source |
---|
1-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-beta-carbolin-7-ol | ChEBI | Harmidol | ChEBI | Harmolol | ChEBI | 1-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-b-carbolin-7-ol | Generator | 1-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-β-carbolin-7-ol | Generator | 1-Methyl-4,9-dihydro-3H-beta-carbolin-7-ol hydrochloride | HMDB | 3,4-dihydro-1-Methyl-2H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol | HMDB | 3,4-dihydro-7-Hydroxy-1-methyl-b-carboline | HMDB | 4,9-dihydro-1-Methyl-3H-pyrido(3,4-b)indol-7-ol | HMDB | 4,9-dihydro-1-Methyl-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol | HMDB | 4,9-dihydro-1-Methyl-3H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol, 9ci | HMDB | Harmalol hydrochloride | MeSH | Harmalol hydrochloride, dihydrate | MeSH | Harmalol trihydrate | MeSH | Harmalol lactate, dihydrate | MeSH | Harmalol dihydrochloride | MeSH |
|
---|
Chemical Formula | C12H12N2O |
---|
Average Molecular Weight | 200.2365 |
---|
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 200.094963016 |
---|
IUPAC Name | 1-methyl-3H,4H,9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol |
---|
Traditional Name | harmalol |
---|
CAS Registry Number | 525-57-5 |
---|
SMILES | CC1=NCCC2=C1NC1=C2C=CC(O)=C1 |
---|
InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C12H12N2O/c1-7-12-10(4-5-13-7)9-3-2-8(15)6-11(9)14-12/h2-3,6,14-15H,4-5H2,1H3 |
---|
InChI Key | RHVPEFQDYMMNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
---|
Chemical Taxonomy |
---|
Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as harmala alkaloids. Harmala alkaloids are compounds with a structure based on harmaline, harmine, harmalol, harman or a derivative of those parents. These parents are beta-carbolines, consisting of a pyrimidine fused to the pyrrole moiety of an indole to form a pyrido[3,4-b]indole. |
---|
Kingdom | Organic compounds |
---|
Super Class | Alkaloids and derivatives |
---|
Class | Harmala alkaloids |
---|
Sub Class | Not Available |
---|
Direct Parent | Harmala alkaloids |
---|
Alternative Parents | |
---|
Substituents | - Harmaline
- Harmalol
- Harman
- Beta-carboline
- Pyridoindole
- Hydroxyindole
- 3-alkylindole
- Indole
- Indole or derivatives
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Benzenoid
- Pyrrole
- Heteroaromatic compound
- Ketimine
- Azacycle
- Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Imine
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxygen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
|
---|
Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
---|
External Descriptors | |
---|
Ontology |
---|
Physiological effect | Not Available |
---|
Disposition | |
---|
Process | Not Available |
---|
Role | |
---|
Physical Properties |
---|
State | Solid |
---|
Experimental Molecular Properties | |
---|
Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
---|
Predicted Molecular Properties | |
---|
Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
---|
Harmalol,1TMS,isomer #1 | CC1=NCCC2=C1[NH]C1=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C21 | 2283.1 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,1TMS,isomer #2 | CC1=NCCC2=C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C21 | 2296.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC1=NCCC2=C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C21 | 2313.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,2TMS,isomer #1 | CC1=NCCC2=C1N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=CC=C21 | 2149.5 | Standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC1=NCCC2=C1[NH]C1=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C21 | 2495.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | CC1=NCCC2=C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C21 | 2489.7 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC1=NCCC2=C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C21 | 2707.3 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Harmalol,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | CC1=NCCC2=C1N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)=CC=C21 | 2607.0 | Standard non polar | 33892256 |
|
---|
| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
---|
Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Harmalol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-05fr-0900000000-e4464398b4dec3fc7352 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Harmalol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-00di-7190000000-1284b3e28670778298fe | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Harmalol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
---|
Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0290000000-a117734dd274e28b35ad | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-1970000000-b19698ef3a7ac01eec3f | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-0900000000-f10b93cb6c00a71896fe | 2016-06-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-aaba7e72d490321c1aa2 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-78586bb5e1894bd774f1 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00lr-2900000000-fd7e4b643b65563440d4 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-f12acafe48c5444229fd | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-0900000000-f12acafe48c5444229fd | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-06ea-0900000000-6f32f96c94e3e30167a3 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0090000000-02a2f360bd41f66f24a3 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0udi-0190000000-c702aa1aff1d9ef9f4a9 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Harmalol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4j-2900000000-8fe62270768d65d29f57 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
---|
Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
|
---|